Module 2: Activity No.

1
Exercises Problem on Thin – Walled Pressure Vessels

Name: SARANGAYA, KADESH CHINO U.

Student No.:20150151976

Problem No 1:

A storage tank (cylindrical) for air, 36 inches in diameter, is to withstand an internal pressure of 200 psi with
a design factor of 4 based on the ultimate point. The steel has a strength equivalent to AISI C1020 annealed
and the welded joints should have a relative strength of 90%. Determine a suitable plate thickness.
Compute the stress on the longitudinal section and compare it with the stress on the diametral section.
GIVEN: 𝑃𝐷 (200 𝑝𝑠𝑖)36𝑖𝑛
𝑃 = 200 𝑝𝑠𝑖 𝜎𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑠𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑠𝑒 = =
2𝑡𝜀 2(0.2807 𝑖𝑛)(0.9)
𝐷 = 36 𝑖𝑛 𝜎𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑠𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑠𝑒 = 14250 𝑝𝑠𝑖
𝐹𝑆 = 4
𝜎𝑢 = 57000 𝑝𝑠𝑖 𝑃𝐷 (200 𝑝𝑠𝑖)36𝑖𝑛
𝜀 = 0.9 𝜎𝑙𝑜𝑛𝑔𝑖𝑡𝑢𝑑𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑙 = =
4𝑡𝜀 4(0.2807 𝑖𝑛)(0.9)
Material: AISI C1020, Annealed 𝜎𝑙𝑜𝑛𝑔𝑖𝑡𝑢𝑑𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑙 = 7125 𝑝𝑠𝑖
REQ’D: 𝜎𝑙𝑜𝑛𝑔𝑖𝑡𝑢𝑑𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑙 , 𝜎𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑠𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑠𝑒 , 𝑡
SOL’N: The longitudinal stress is half the transverse
𝜎𝑢 𝑃𝐷
𝜎𝑑 = = stress
𝐹𝑆 2𝑡𝜀
57000 𝑝𝑠𝑖 (200 𝑝𝑠𝑖)36𝑖𝑛
=
4 2𝑡(0.9)
𝑡 = 0.2807 𝑖𝑛

Problem No 2:

A spherical tank stores air at 3000 psig. The tank is to have an inside diameter of 7 inches. (a) What should
be the wall thickness and weight of the tank if it is made of 302, ¼ hard stainless steel with a design factor
of 1.5 based on yield point and a joint efficiency of 90%? (b) Compute the wall thickness and weight if
annealed titanium (B265, gr. 5) is used? (c) What is the additional saving in weight if the titanium is
hardened?
Use Table At 3 and 4 for Sy and density.
GIVEN: b.) Material: Titanium, Annealed (b265, gr. 5)

𝑃 = 3000 𝑝𝑠𝑖 𝜎𝑦 = 130000 𝑝𝑠𝑖

𝑑 = 7 𝑖𝑛 𝜎𝑦
=
𝑃𝐷
,
130000 𝑝𝑠𝑖
=
(3000 𝑝𝑠𝑖)(7𝑖𝑛)
𝐹𝑆 4𝑡𝜀 1.5 4𝑡(0.9)
𝐹𝑆 = 1.5 𝑡 = 0.067 𝑖𝑛
𝜀 = 0.9 c.) Material: Titanium, Hardened (b265, gr. 5)
𝜎𝑦 = 158000 𝑝𝑠𝑖
a.) Material: Stainless Steel, 302, 1⁄4 hardness
𝜎𝑦 𝑃𝐷 158000 𝑝𝑠𝑖 (3000 𝑝𝑠𝑖)(7𝑖𝑛)
= , =
𝐹𝑆 4𝑡𝜀 1.5 4𝑡(0.9)
𝑡 = 0.055 𝑖𝑛
Computing for wall thickness, t: 𝜌 = 0.16 𝑙𝑏⁄𝑖𝑛3
𝑃𝐷 𝜎 𝜋
𝜎𝑠𝑝ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑙 = 4𝑡𝜀, 𝜎𝑑 = 𝐹𝑆𝑦 , 𝜎𝑑 = 𝜎𝑠𝑝ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑙 𝑊 = (𝐷3 − 𝑑 3 )(𝜌)
6
𝜋
𝜎𝑦 𝑃𝐷 𝑊𝑎𝑛𝑛𝑒𝑎𝑙𝑒𝑑 = ((7.067𝑖𝑛)3 − (7 𝑖𝑛)3 )(0.16 𝑙𝑏⁄𝑖𝑛3 )
𝐹𝑆
= 4𝑡𝜀, 6
𝑊𝑎𝑛𝑛𝑒𝑎𝑙𝑒𝑑 = 0.833 𝑙𝑏
𝜎𝑦 = 75000 𝑝𝑠𝑖 𝜋
𝑊ℎ𝑎𝑟𝑑𝑒𝑛𝑒𝑑 = ((7.055𝑖𝑛)3 − (7 𝑖𝑛)3 )(0.16 𝑙𝑏⁄𝑖𝑛3 )
6
𝑊ℎ𝑎𝑟𝑑𝑒𝑛𝑒𝑑 = 0.623 𝑙𝑏
75000 𝑝𝑠𝑖 (3000 𝑝𝑠𝑖)(7𝑖𝑛) 𝑊𝑎𝑛𝑛𝑒𝑎𝑙𝑒𝑑 − 𝑊ℎ𝑎𝑟𝑑𝑒𝑛𝑒𝑑 0.833 𝑙𝑏 − 0.623 𝑙𝑏
= 𝑊𝑠𝑎𝑣𝑒𝑑 = × 100% = × 100%
1.5 4𝑡(0.9) 𝑊𝑎𝑛𝑛𝑒𝑎𝑙𝑒𝑑 0.833 𝑙𝑏
𝑊𝑠𝑎𝑣𝑒𝑑 = 25.21%
𝑡 = 0.117 𝑖𝑛