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Practical Research 1 - Quarter 1 - Module 2 - Qualitative Research and Its Importance To Daily Life - Version 2
Practical Research 1 - Quarter 1 - Module 2 - Qualitative Research and Its Importance To Daily Life - Version 2
Quarter 1- Module 2:
Qualitative Research and Its Importance
In Daily Life
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11
Practical Research 1
Quarter 1 – Module 2:
Qualitative Research and Its Importance in Daily Life
1. In order to achieve the objectives of this module, here’s a simple guide for you:
2. Read and follow instructions carefully.
3. Answer the pretest before going through the lessons.
4. Take note and record points for clarification.
5. Compare your answers against the key to answers found at the end of the module.
6. Do the activities and fully understand each lesson.
7. Answer the self-check to monitor what you learned in each lesson.
8. Answer the posttest after you have gone over all the lessons.
iii
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Pages
Learning Objectives 1
Pretest 2
Lesson 1 The Value of Qualitative Research
Its Characteristics ,Strengths ,Weaknesses and Kinds
I. Definition of Qualitative Research 4
II. Purpose of Qualitative Research 5
III. Characteristics of Qualitative Research 5
IV. Strengths of Qualitative Research 5
V. Weaknesses of Qualitative Research 6
VI. Kinds of Qualitative Research 6
Post test 13
Pretest 16
Lesson 2 The Importance of Qualitative Research Across Fields of
Inquiry
Research in Different Areas of Knowledge 17
I. Basic Research Approaches in a Specific Area of 17
Discipline
II. Hard Sciences versus Soft Sciences 19
Post test 24
iv
What I need to Know
Introduction
What makes human race distinct from each other, specifically on its
uniqueness of traits, similarities and differences? In a way, qualitative research can
respond to such questions. According to Silverman (2013); Litchman (2013);
Walliman (2014); and Suter (2012), qualitative research is an act of inquiry or
investigation of real-life events. It is concerned with own experiences of a life event,
and the aim is to interpret what has been said in order to explain why it is said. This
is called natural setting.
Qualitative research is important practically because most things cannot just
be quantified: they need to be described. Appreciating the nature of life and
experience is vital than simply counting things .We need to understand the quality of
some things in order for them to have meaning.
Learning Objectives
After going through this module, you are expected to:
1
What I know
1. It is the most familiar and applicable type of qualitative research which refers to
the investigation of a culture through an in-depth study of the members of the cultural
society.
a. Ethnography
b. Phenomenology
c. Grounded Theory
d. Case Study
2. It is primarily used to generate theory through relevant information taken from very
reliable sources and its focus is theory development.
a. Ethnography
b. Phenomenology
c. Grounded Theory
d. Case Study
3. Which of the following types of qualitative research is designed to focus on the
commonality of a “lived experience” with a particular group and its aim is to
determine what an experience means for the persons who have had the experience
of living in a certain community which is the subject of the research?
a. Ethnography
b. Phenomenology
c. Grounded Theory
d. Case Study
4. It is an exploration of a “bounded system” over time through detailed, in-depth
data collection involving multiple sources of information rich in interesting stories.
a. Ethnography
b. Phenomenology
c. Grounded Theory
d. Case Study
5. It is a qualitative research which analyzes the language “beyond the sentence”. It
is the study of the ways in which language is used by the people, both written and
spoken contexts.
a. Historical Research
b. Discourse Analysis
c. Biography
d. Narrative Report.
2
6. “A student really idolizes his English teacher who is expert in grammar and
literature. The former wants to write a scholarly chronicle about the latter’s
experiences including his family background, how he achieved his success in life, his
likes and dislikes, his achievements and struggles in life.” What type of qualitative
research should a student employ?
a. Historical Research
b. Discourse Analysis
c. Biography
d. Narrative Report
7. It is a qualitative research in which data related to the past events are
systematically collected and evaluated to describe potential causes, effects, or
trends related to those events.
a. Historical Research
b. Discourse Analysis
c. Biography
d. Narrative Report
8. All of the following are strengths of qualitative research EXCEPT
a. Explores sensitive issues
b. Captures diversity of experiences and perceptions
c. Allows participants to freely exchange ideas
d. Proves a certain theory or principle
9. Which of the following is one of the weaknesses of a qualitative research?
a. Results are limited as they provide less elaboration of human perceptions.
b. Data created through qualitative research are always accepted.
c. Data analysis involving numerical data is difficult.
d. There is a limited review of related literature or in-depth information about
the topic.
10. Which of the following is EXCLUDED from the importance of qualitative research
in daily life?
a. Qualitative unveils individual’s perception, feelings and attitudes about a
certain phenomenon.
b. Qualitative research allows the researcher to immerse in the community
where the participants live.
c. Qualitative research stimulates people’s interdependence or interpersonal
relationship.
d. Qualitative research lets the researcher to validate the previously
constructed theory or principle.
___________________
1
This set of questions presented in the pre-test are extracted from the work of Abdullah, S.N.2018) .Practical
Research 1-Pre/Post Test. Department of Education. Sultan Kudarat
3
Lesso The Value of Qualitative Research
n Its Characteristics, Strengths,
1 Weaknesses and Kinds
What’s in?
(
In the previous module, you learned the nature of inquiry and research.
Inquiry and research encourage high levels of critical thinking in order to attain
appropriate methods and resources .As a researcher you have to follow the different
processes in research equipped with the etiquettes in conducting your study. Those
samples of research in areas of interest will help you guide to choose you topic or
research problem.
What’s New?
4
II.Purpose of Qualitative Research
2. Active, powerful and forceful in data gathering and rephrasing interview questions
3. Multiple research approaches and methods that allows you to plan your study and
conclusions.
7. Abounds with words and visuals that presents people’s view in a picture, video,
drawing or graphs.
8. Internal analysis on examining the data yielded by the internal traits of the subject
persons.
setting.
5
V.Weaknesses of Qualitative Research
4. It is time-consuming.
views or interpretations.
6
6. Grounded Theory- takes place when there is a discovery of new theory which
underlies your study at the time of data collection and analysis.
Example: “The Story Behind the Migration of Christians from Visayas and
Luzon to Mindanao”
8. Biography- is the study of an individual’s life and struggles and how they
reflect cultural themes of the society. It deals with an interesting story found in
documents and archival materials. It is concerned with the reconstruction of
life histories and the constitution of meaning based on biographical narratives
and documents.
_________________________
2
For more information on these kinds of qualitative research, see Palasan, E.B (2018). Qualitative
Research: Importance in Daily Life [PowerPoint] available online with http://www.slideshare.net.ppt
7
Activity 1: Question and Answer
Directions: Answer the questions briefly. Write your answers on the space
provided.
1. How will you use qualitative research in real life?
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
What is it?
Discussion of Activity 1
You just learned the valuable aspects of qualitative research.
1. Can you recognize the nature of qualitative research; its kinds, characteristics,
strengths, and weaknesses? Kindly provide your brief explanation.
8
What’s more?
On the table below, draft your proposed topics for a research paper. The first
column is for the topic, second for the purpose and third for the type of qualitative
research to be used. Give five topics.
Example:
Post Traumatic To determine the Phenomenological
Experiences of the experiences of those
COVID-19 Survivors survivors in the
COVID-19
phenomena.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
9
What I have learned
Explain the concepts you have learned by answering the following questions.
.
2. Pretend you are the subject of a phenomenological study, how will the
researcher obtain data from you?
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
3. Name the type of qualitative research best suited for the following topics.
a. Grade 11 Science Textbook_____________________________
b. Filipino COVID-19 Front liners in Europe____________________
c. Travails of SHS Graduates in Public Schools_________________
d. The Ifugao Wedding Practices____________________________
e. Relatives of COVID-19 Victims____________________________
What I can do
10
Additional Activities
Choose five kinds of qualitative research and find one example of actual
research studies/articles for each. Make a summary for each study and explain why
it belongs to that type of qualitative research.
During the World Population Day Forum held in Quezon City last July
2019, the Commission on Population (Popcom) raised concerns about
early and unplanned pregnancies by citing that around 500 teenage girls
have given birth in the country every day as more adolescents engage in
premarital sex. Popcom said some 196,000 Filipinos between the ages of
15 and 19 years old get pregnant each year.
11
1
12
Assessment
1. “A student really idolizes his English teacher who is very expert in grammar and
literature. The former wants to write a scholarly chronicle about the latter’s
experiences including his family background, how he achieved his success in life, his
likes and dislikes, his achievements and struggles in life.” What type of qualitative
research should a student employ?
a. Historical Research
b. Discourse Analysis
c. Biography
d. Narrative Report
2. It is a qualitative research in which data related to the past events are
systematically collected and evaluated to describe potential causes, effects, or
trends related to those events.
a. Historical Research
b. Discourse Analysis
c. Biography
d. Narrative Report
3. All of the following are strengths of qualitative research EXCEPT
a. Explores sensitive issues
b. Captures diversity of experiences and perceptions
c. Allows participants to freely exchange ideas
d. Proves a certain theory or principle
4. Which of the following is one of the weaknesses of a qualitative research?
a. Results are limited as they provide less elaboration of human perceptions.
b. Data created through qualitative research are always accepted.
c. Data analysis involving numerical data is difficult.
d. There is a limited review of related literature or in-depth information about
the topic.
5. Which of the following is EXCLUDED from the importance of qualitative research
in daily life?
a. Qualitative unveils individual’s perception, feelings and attitudes about a
certain phenomenon.
b. Qualitative research allows the researcher to immerse in the community
where the participants live.
c. Qualitative research stimulates people’s interdependence or interpersonal
relationship.
d. Qualitative research lets the researcher to validate the previously
constructed theory or principle.
13
6. It is the most familiar and applicable type of qualitative research which refers to
the investigation of a culture through an in-depth study of the members of the cultural
society
a. Ethnography
b. Phenomenology
c. Grounded Theory
d. Case Study
7. It is primarily used to generate theory through relevant information taken from very
reliable sources and its focus is theory development.
a. Ethnography
b. Phenomenology
c. Grounded Theory
d. Case Study
8. Which of the following types of qualitative research is designed to focus on the
commonality of a “lived experience” with a particular group and its aim is to
determine what an experience means for the persons who have had the experience
of living in a certain community which is the subject of the research?
a. Ethnography
b. Phenomenology
c. Grounded Theory
d. Case Study
9. It is an exploration of a “bounded system” over time through detailed, in-depth
data collection involving multiple sources of information rich in interesting stories.
a. Ethnography
b. Phenomenology
c. Grounded Theory
d. Case Study
10. It is a qualitative research which analyzes the language “beyond the sentence”. It
is the study of the ways in which language is used by the people, both written and
spoken contexts.
a. Historical Research
b. Discourse Analysis
c. Biography
d. Narrative Report.
___________________
1
This set of questions presented in the post-test are extracted from the work of Abdullah, S.N.2018) .Practical
Research 1-Pre/Post Test. Department of Education. Sultan Kudarat
REFERENCES
14
Abdullah, S.N. (2018) .Practical Research 1: Qualitative Research [PowerPoint
slides].Retrieved from http://www.academia.edu./ppt
Baraceros, E.L. (2016).Practical Research 1. Ist ed. Rex Book Store. Manila
Calmorin, L.P. (2016).Research and Thesis Writing with Statistics and Computer
Application. Rev.ed.Rex Book Store
Cristobal, A.P., Jr, & Cristobal, M.D. (2016). Practical Research 1 for Senior High
School. Ist ed.C & E Publishing Inc. Quezon City.
Suter, W. (2012) Qualitative Data, Analysis, and Design. 2nd Edition. DOI:
https://dx.doi.org/10.4135/9781483384443.n12.
Key Answer
Pre test
1. a 2.c 3.b 4.d 5.b 6.c 7.a 8.d 9.d 10.d
Post test
1.c 2.a 3.d 4.d 5.d 6.a 7.c 8.b 9.d 10.b
15
What I know
Direction:
Read the following statements. Answer TRUE if the statement is true,
FALSE if you think it is not.
What’s in?
(
In the previous lesson, you learned to describe the nature and characteristics
of qualitative research with its kinds, strength and weaknesses. Qualitative research
is capable to give rich information about the respondents, be it humans or animals.
Despite having such strength, its weakness is perceived on its approach being not
applicable to some research objectives. The kinds of qualitative research will help
you discover facts and information about the object of your interest and working with
others. The lessons you had learned will guide you to appreciate the importance of
qualitative research across fields of inquiry.
What’s New?
2. Naturalistic Approach
17
A people-oriented approach focusing on discovering the real concept
or meaning behind people’s lifestyles and social relations.
Present things qualitatively through verbal language. Using words as
unit of analysis.
Bases determining universal social values to define ethical and
unethical that society ought to know, not only for the benefit of
individual and community but also for the satisfaction of man’s quest
for knowledge.” (Sarandakos 2013; Ransome 2013)
In the field of Humanities, researchers ought to focus not to man’s social life
but instead studies it’s meanings, significance and visualizations of man’s
experiences in the field of Fine Arts, Literature, Music, Drama, Dance and
other artistically inclined subjects.
Humanistic Categories
1. Literature and Art Criticism
Focus on language depends on interpretative and reflective thinking.
2. Philosophical Research
18
The focus of inquiry is on knowledge and principles of being and on the
manner human beings conduct themselves on Earth.
3. Historical Research
Investigation centers on events and ideas that took place in man’s life at a
particular period.
_________________________
3
For more information on these hard sciences versus soft sciences, see Palasan, E.B (2018).
Qualitative Research: Importance in Daily Life [PowerPoint] available online with
http://www.slideshare.net.ppt.
19
1. What are the three types of approach to basic research? Describe each type.
What is it?
You just learned the importance of qualitative research across fields of inquiry.
1. Can you figure out the importance of qualitative research? Organize your
ideas by presenting three important functions of qualitative research.
2. How do you inquire data in a certain field of study? Write your top three
methods when collecting data and describe each.
20
What’s more?
As a continuation on Lesson 1 of this Module from the table you have drawn
which listed your own three topics for a qualitative research , purpose and type to
use , add a fourth column as what approach of research you will use, and the fifth
column your choice of data collection. Copy your answers from the previous table to
complete column 1 to 3.
Topic Purpose Type of Research Data
Qualitative Approach Collection
Research Choice
Sample:
Post To determine Triangulation Written
Traumatic the experiences Phenomenological or mixed description/
Experiences of those Interview
of the COVID- survivors in the
19 Survivors COVID-19
phenomena.
1.
2.
3.
21
Given the following Research topics, name the specific subject on each topic
and give the importance on researching such topic in a person’s day to day life. The
first one is done for you.
10
What I can do
22
What are your views to the qualitative research across fields of inquiry? Is
research important? Why? Present your answers in various viewpoints in
terms of:
1. Social:________________________________________________
2. Economical____________________________________________
3. Political:______________________________________________
Additional Activities
Ask somebody whom you know has already done a research work or is
currently conducting a research study. Ask him the details of his study and tabulate
the results from your interview with him.
1. Title
23
Assessment
Direction:
Read the following statements. Answer TRUE if the statement is true,
FALSE if you think it is not.
REFERENCES
24
Baraceros, E.L. (2016).Practical Research 1. Ist ed. Rex Book Store. Manila
Calmorin, L.P. (2016).Research and Thesis Writing with Statistics and Computer
Application. Rev.ed.Rex Book Store
Cristobal, A.P., Jr, & Cristobal, M.D. (2016). Practical Research 1 for Senior High
School. Ist ed.C & E Publishing Inc. Quezon City.
Key Answer
Pre Test
TRUE for numbers 1, 3, 4, 6, 7 and 8 FALSE for numbers 2, 5, 9 and 10
Post test
25