SELF-LEARNING HOME TASK (SLHT)

Subject: Mathematics Grade: 10 Quarter: 2 Week: 2 SLHT: 2.1

MELC: Understand, describe, and interpret the graphs of polynomial functions.
Name: ___________________________________________________Section :______________Date: _________
School : _________________________________________________ District: _____________________________

I. Discussion and Examples

The graphs of polynomial functions can be described according to its degree, leading coefficient,
x and y-intercepts and multiplicity of roots.
Let us analyze the given functions and their graphs below:

A. f(x) = x3 + 2x2- x - 2 B. f(x) = -2 x3 -4x2 +2x+ 4 C. f(x) = x3+ 4x2+ 4x

f(x) = (x+2 (x+1) (x-1) f(x) = -2 (x+2 (x+1) (x-1) f(x) = x (x+2)(x+2)

D. f(x) = x4 -5x2 + 4 E. f(x) = -2x4+ 10x2 -8 F. f(x)= x4+ 6x3+ 9x2

f(x) = (x+2)(x+1)(x-1)(x-2) f(x) = -2(x+2)(x+1)(x-1)(x-2) f(x) = x2(x+3)2

Guide Questions:
1.The degree of functions A, B & C is 3,an odd degree. What can you say about the end behaviors
of their graphs? How many turning points the graphs have?
2.The degree of functions D,E & F is 4, an even degree. What can you say about the end
behaviors of their graphs? How many turning points the graphs have?
3. The leading numerical coefficient of function A is positive 1, while of function B
is negative 2. How does the end behaviors of the two graphs differ?
4. The leading numerical coefficient of function D is positive 1, while of function E
is negative 2. How does the end behaviors of the two graphs differ?

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5. Function A in factored form is f(x) = (x+2 (x+1) (x-1). Applying the Zero Product Property (Setting
each factor containing a variable equal to zero and solve for x). The x -intercepts are: -2,-1, & 1.
At what values of x, the graph touches the x-axis?
6. Let x=0 for function D, then the result is y = 4. It means the y-intercept of function D is 4. At
what value of y, the graph touches the y-axis?

7. The roots or zeros of function C are; 0 multiplicity 1 and -2 multiplicity 2.

a. What happened to its graph at x=0? Does it cross, or just tangent to the x-axis?
b. What happened to the graph at x = -2? Does it cross , or just tangent to the x-axis?

Describe Me
LEADING NUMBER OF
DEGREE, END BEHAVIORS
NUMERICAL TURNING POINTS
FUNCTION (Odd or OF THE GRAPH
COEFFICIENT (At Most One Less Than
Even) (Rising Or Falling)
the Degree of f(x).

A. f(x) = x3 + 2x2- x – 2 Rising to the right

3, Odd 1 2
f(x) = (x+2 (x+1) (x-1) Falling to the left

B. f(x) = -2 x3 -4x2 +2x+ 4 3, Odd -2 Falling to the right 2

f(x) = -2 (x+2 (x+1) (x-1) Rising to the left
C. f(x) = x3+ 4x2+ 4x 3, Odd 1 Rising to the right 2
f(x) = x (x+2)(x+2) Falling to the left
Rising to the right
D, f(x) = x4 -5x2 + 4 4, Even 1 3
Rising to the left
f(x) = (x+2)(x+1)(x-1)(x-2)
Falling to the right
E. f(x) = -2x4+ 10x2 -8 4, Even -2 3
Falling to the left
f(x) = -2(x+2)(x+1)(x-1)(x-2)
F. f(x)= x4+ 6x3+ 9x2 4, Even 1 Rising to the right 3
f(x) = x2(x+3)2 Rising to the left

BEHAVIOR OF
MULTIPLICITY OF THE GRAPH
ROOT
ROOT, RELATIVE TO
OR POSSIBLE GRAPH
THE X-AXIS
FUNCTION ZERO
(Odd Or Even) (Crosses or Is
Tangent to the x-
Axis)
A. f(x) = x3 + 2x2- x – 2 -2 Multiplicity 1, Odd Crosses
f(x) = (x+2 (x+1) (x-1)
-1 Multiplicity 1, Odd Crosses

1 Multiplicity 1, Odd Crosses

B. f(x) = -2 x3 -4x2 +2x+ 4 -2 Multiplicity 1, Odd Crosses

f(x) = -2 (x+2 (x+1) (x-1)
-1 Multiplicity 1, Odd Crosses

1 Multiplicity 1, Odd Crosses

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C. f(x) = x3+ 4x2+ 4x 0 Multiplicity 1, (Odd) Crosses
f(x) = x (x+2) (x+2)
-2 Multiplicity 2, (Even) Tangent to the x-Axis

D. f(x) = x4 -5x2 + 4 -2 Multiplicity 1, Odd Crosses

f(x) = (x+2)(x+1)(x-1)(x-2) -1 Multiplicity 1, Odd Crosses
1 Multiplicity 1, Odd Crosses
2 Multiplicity 1, Odd Crosses

E. f(x) = -2x4+ 10x2 -8 -2 Multiplicity 1, Odd Crosses

f(x) = -2(x+2)(x+1)(x-1)(x-2) -1 Multiplicity 1, Odd Crosses
1 Multiplicity 1, Odd Crosses
2 Multiplicity 1, Odd Crosses

F. f(x)= x4+ 6x3+ 9x2 0 Multiplicity 2, Even Tangent to the x-Axis

f(x) = x2(x+3)2 -3 Multiplicity 2, Even Tangent to the x-Axis

Remember Me

The graph of a polynomial function is rising to the right and falling to the left if its degree is odd and the
leading coefficient is positive.

The graph of a polynomial function is falling to the right and rising to the left if its degree is odd and the
leading coefficient is negative.

The graph of a polynomial function is rising both ends if its degree is even and the leading coefficient
is positive.

The graph of a polynomial function is falling both ends if its degree is even and the leading coefficient
is negative.

The number of turning points of the graph of a polynomial function is at most one less than the
degree of the function.

The y-intercept of the function (at x= 0) will tell at what value of y, the graph will touch the y-axis.

The x-intecept/s of the function (at y= 0) will tell at what value/s of x, the graph will touch or cross the x- axis.

If the root/zero has an odd multiplicity, then the graph of the function will cross the x-axis at that
value of x.

If the root/zero has an even multiplicity, then the graph of the function will only be tangent to the
x- axis at that value of x, and obtain its turning point.

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Example 1. Describe the end behaviors of the graph of f(x) = -4x5+ 6x4 + 5x2 - x – 10?
Solution:
The degree of the function is 5, an odd degree so the graph has one rising and one falling end.
The leading coefficient is -4 (negative), so the graph is falling to the right and rising to the left.
Therefore, the end behaviors of the graph of f(x) = -4x5+ 6x4 + 5x2 - x – 10 are falling to the right and
rising to the left.

Example 2. How will the graph of f(x)= (x+4) (x-3))2 behave at the x axis?
Solution:
The roots of the function are -4 at a multiplicity of 1 and 3 at a multiplicity of 2.
The graph at x = -4 will cross the x-axis because the multiplicity of the root is 1, an odd number.
The graph at x = 3 will only be tangent to the x-axis, and obtain its turning point because the
multiplicity of the root is even.

II. Exercises

Exercise 1
Directions: Describe the end behaviors of the following functions:

1. f(x) = x5 – 19x3 + 48x ___________________________________________________

2. f(x) = - x4 - 49x2 – 5 ___________________________________________________
3. f(x) = x2 – 10x + 16 ___________________________________________________
4. f(x) = - x (x + 9) (x - 1) ___________________________________________________
5. f(x) = 4x2 - 2x + 1 ___________________________________________________

Exercise 2
Directions: Complete the table given the function f(x) = x2(x+1)3 (x-2)4 (x+2)5(x-5)2.

Behavior of the Graph Relative to x- axis at the Given Root

Root
(Crosses or Tangent to the x-axis)
1. x = 0

2. x= -1

3. x = 2

4. x = -2

5. x = 5

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III. Assessment/Application/Outputs

A. Directions: Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write your answers on your answer sheet.

1. Which polynomial function in factored form represents the given graph below?

A. y = (x+2) (x+1) (x-1)

B. y = (x-2) (x-1) (x+1)

C. y = (x+2) (x-1) (x-1)

D. y = (x-2) (x-1) (x-1)

2. Which describes the end behaviors of the graph of f(x) = -3x4 + 2x3 + 6x – 6?
A. falls to the left and rises to the right
B. rises to the left and falls to the right
C. falls to both ends, left and right.
D. rises to both ends, left and right.

3. What values for a and n will you consider so that y = axn could define the given graph below?
A. a = 5, n=3
B. a = - 5, n=3
C. a = - 5, n=4

D. a = 5 , n=4

4. If you will draw the graph of y = 2x2 (x-3), how will the graph behave at the x- axis?
A. The graph crosses both (0,0) and (3,0).
B. The graph crosses (0,0) and is tangent to the x- axis at (3,0).
C. The graph crosses (3,0) and is tangent to the x- axis at (0,0).
D. The graph is tangent to the x- axis at both (0,0) and (3,0).

5. You are asked to illustrate the graph of f(x) = - x4 + 2x3 + 3x2 + 2x – 10. Which will be
your rough sketch of the graph?

A B C D

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 B. Complete the Table.
END BEHAVIOR OF THE NUMBER OF
TURNING
BEHAVIORS OF GRAPH RELATIVE TO
POINTS
FUNCTION THE GRAPH THE X-AXIS POSSIBLE GRAPH
(Crosses 0r Tangent)

f(x)= X2+3x-10 1. x= -5 3.
f(x) = (x+5) (x-2) ___________ crosses
x= 2 __
___________ crosses

2. 4.
f(x) = x3 + 3x2 -9x-27 Rising to the right
Falling to the left
f(x) = (x+3)(x+3)(x-3) a. x= -3, 2
__________
b. x= 3,
__________ _____

IV. Suggested Enrichment/Reinforcement Activity

Given the polynomial function f(x) = 2x3 – 7x2 – 7x + 12, describe the following then sketch the graph.
1. leading term
2. end behaviors
3. x-intercepts
4. multiplicity of roots
5. y- intercept
6. number of turning points

References:
1. Callanta, Melvin M, Allan M Canonigo, Arnaldi I Chua, Jerry D. Cruz, Mirla S. Esparrago, Elino S.
Garcia, Aries N. Magnaye, Fernando B. Orines, Rowena S. Perez, and Concepcion S. Ternida.
Mathematics 10 Learner’s Module. Department of Education, 2015.
2. https://www.canva.com/design
3. https://www.desmos.com/calculator

Prepared by: Reviewed by:

PAMELA P. SESALDO PAMELA A. RODEMIO

Master Teacher 1 EPS in Mathematics
Compostela National High School (Day Class) Division of Cebu Province

GUIDE

For the Teacher: Advise the students to read the reading and discussion portion before they attempt to
answer the practice exercises. Going through the parts sequentially will help them understand easily the
topic.

For the Learner: Read through the self-learning home task from the first part to the last part. Doing so, will
help you understand better the topic.

For the Parent/Home Tutor: Assist your child and make sure that he/she reads the self-learning home
task from beginning to end to ensure proper understanding of the concepts.