Republic of the Philippines

Eastern Visayas State University – Ormoc Campus

Ormoc City

Topic: Carpentry
Subject: Introduction to Industrial Arts
Facilitators:
Amado, Kyla Sophia R.
Acebron, Edrian F.
Aldiano, Bernadeth C.
Alba, Angelina I.
Abastas, Jenny Ann

CARPENTRY
What is Carpentry?
- The word ‘carpenter’ evolved from the word ‘carpentier’ (later charpentier) which
derived from late Latin ‘carpentrius’ (maker of carriage).
- It is first invented or discovered at Stone Age, and around 4000 B.C.
- It is the activity or occupation of making or repairing things in wood. Carpentry is
the art and trade of cutting, working, and joining timber.

WHAT DO CARPENTERS DO

Carpenters work with different tools. They are also involved in many types of
Construction.
Here are some tools that they are using:

HAND TOOLS

- used for marking and checking 90° angles

on pieces of wood.

Try Square

- tool used to determine whether a surface is

horizontal (level) or vertical (plumb).

Level Tool

- cutting tool with a sharpened edge often

used in dressing, shaping, or working a
solid material such as wood, stone, or
metal.

Chisel

- tool used for shaping wood.

- using muscle power to force the cutting
blade over the wood surface.

Hand Plane
 - used for inscribing circles or arcs of circles.

Compass

POWER TOOLS

- used for smoothing, polishing, or cleaning

a surface; wood, plastic, or metal.
- has three main types: the disk sander, the
belt sander, and the orbital sander.

Sander

- used to generate heat that melts metal

parts, so that these parts can be joined.

Welding Machine

-  used to drive nails into wood or some other

kind of material.

Nail Gun
CARPENTERS TYPICALLY DO THE FOLLOWING:

 Follow blueprints and building plans to meet the needs of clients

 Install structures and fixtures, such as windows and molding
 Measure, cut, and shape wood, plastic, and other materials
 Construct and install building frameworks, including walls, floors, and doorframes
 Inspect and replace damaged framework or other structures and fixtures
 Instruct and direct laborers and other construction helpers

SUMMARY

Carpenters have many different tasks. They construct, measure, cut, inspect,
repair, and install building frameworks and structures made from wood and other
materials. Some carpenters insulate office buildings; others install drywall or kitchen
cabinets in homes.

Carpenters use many different tools to cut and shape wood, plastic, fiberglass, or
drywall. They use hand tools as well as power tools.

BASIC SKILLS OF CARPENTRY

Carpentry - is a skilled trade and a craft in which the primary work performed is the
cutting, shaping and installation of building materials during the construction
of buildings, ships, timber bridges, concrete formwork, etc.

Here’s a list of some basic skills you would do well to develop:

(None of these skills require expensive, dangerous machinery or exotic tools. They are
the foundational skills every woodworker should know)

1. Understand How Wood Works and Behaves

 Before you put any tool to your lumber, you will need to understand its proper
orientation and what direction to plane the board. It’s also important to understand how
wood expands and contracts as humidity fluctuates throughout the year. All wooden
construction takes this natural property into account and ignorance of this can be
disastrous

2. Sharpen Saws, Planes, and Chisels

If your saw requires a good amount of push to cut or if you find you need a running
start to make shavings with your hand plane, you aren’t doing yourself any favors.
Sharpening your tools is a basic and foundational skill because it is something that
needs to happen regularly. Not only is it inefficient to work with dull tools, it’s dangerous.
Learn how to sharpen your tools and you will find woodworking to be enjoyable, safe,
and efficient.

3. Use a Hand Plane

With a lot of woodworking tools, the basic technique is self-explanatory. But not all
of them are so intuitive. Proper use of hand planes requires a bit of instruction and
practice to develop the feel of adjusting the cut from coarse to fine. Additionally, the
edge can be askew or the cap iron can be in the wrong place. Although these things
require a little bit of research to figure out, properly using a hand plane is an undeniably
attainable skill.

4. Prep Lumber with Hand Tools

Maybe you have a table saw and a 13” thickness planer already, but most of us
don’t. Be careful not to fall into the trap of feeling like you must buy expensive machines
to build things. When I work with wood, I use only hand tools and love every minute of
it. There are many tried-and-true techniques to expedite the process that free us from
feeling like we have to do machine-perfect work by hand.

5. Cut a Mortise and Tenon Joint

This is the most fundamental joint in all wood construction. Cutting the Tenon is
usually a matter of four straight saw cuts. When you do learn how to lay this joint out
properly and cut it to a snug fit, the world of woodworking opens up to you. At that point,
you know all the joinery required to build most tables and chairs.
 6. Cut Dovetail Joints

The revered (and overly-mystified) dovetail joint is a very strong way to join
corners of boards. Of all features that non-woodworkers admire today, the dovetail joint
is the one that creates the most awe. How to cut dovetails? Cut tails. Trace the tails on
the other board. Then cut out the waste you traced. All the fine tuning is just practice.

7. Finish Your Furniture

Finishes beautify and protect the piece you’ve worked so hard to build so don’t
cop out and do the “rub it with oil” thing. There are so many beautiful finishes that
become second nature to work with. It is simple and straightforward, without getting too
far into minutiae. These final touches are enough to inspire you to take on another
project

EXAMPLES OF CARPENTRY
Carpenters construct and repair building structures made from wood and other
materials, including door frames, stairways and more. They also install household items
such as cabinets, drywall, and siding.
SOME OF THE EXAMPLES OF CARPENTRY WORK INCLUDE:
 Rough carpentry- focuses on the framing of a building.

 Joister - construct floor joists, where they fix floor surfaces.

 Trim carpentry - trim carpentry specialize in building trims and moldings of

a room. There are different categories of trim carpentry such as:
* Green carpentry * Scenic carpentry

 Cabinet carpentry – cabinet makers specialize in carpentry that focuses

on building cabinets for kitchens, laundry rooms, bathrooms, and other
areas of a building.

 Ship carpentry- Primarily focus on shipbuilding.

  Framer – Framers exclusively build framing for housing or other buildings.

 Roofer – specialize in planning, building, and maintaining the rafters,

trusses, and beams, involved in a building's roof construction.

IMPORTANCE OF CARPENTRY IN OUR SOCIETY

 Carpentry is one of the most important blue-collar jobs in the world. It holds much
of society together. Without carpentry we would not have homes, businesses,
churches, etc.
 Carpentry is a very important career because it touches everyone 's lives every
day; therefore, it is very important for a person to learn this skill sometime in their
life. To begin with, there is more to carpentry than just sawing wood and nailing a
few nails.
 Carpenters must use many mathematical skills which include basic addition,
subtraction, and trigonometry
Many of the carpenters working in the field do not anything more than a high
school diploma and hands on training. It also looks better when becoming a
carpenter to have taken some shop or woodworking classes during your high
school career.