4.4 Cramer's Rule One useful application of matrices is to solve linear systems of equations. In order to do this, we first introduce the determinant of a maitix. 2x2Matrices Definition: Given a 2 x 2 square matrix, [2 2], the determinant ofthe matrix can be computed as follows, BS Beli Cae anol ) Find the determinant of the following matrices. eee ee a Linear Systems 3x+2y=7 We can rewrite linear systems in matrix form. For example, —2x—7y =—I6 can be written as fae Seagate 32 [- 24 +4 -2-7 + Game a loe Skit » Levs compute the determinant of the Coeticieest matrix In order to apply Cramer's Rule and solve the system, we also need to compute the ee eee Veplunng yycret cients be My solic values Cramer's Rule: The solution to a system of linear equations with 2 unknowns is yyst eqSolve the following systems using Cramer’s Rule. 829 by y= a ey PtPt8=0_, eco) ate 3x41=2y 3x =r ) gx42y=9 Getty = 4 t |e lle in -gerl a a= D=|[$- 2 Yee i V\o-ie-a>7 2 Ox iE coals \s ae ey Par eee sean (eles Butte™ Dy= [sa =1{ 7 b-6 \s st: aya {-L x Ft ¥ a f _ 2 wu 7 Ma lufion KO 7 ye peer ‘The rule is the same for 3 x 3 matrices but now there are three values to compute and the 2 Oh ae determinants are computed differently. We will use a shortcut method. Solunby Compute the determinant of the following matrix, UPPER DIAGONALS FPL cfoonte see coe 5 0 6150 Food + CD + HI OOT Lowe piAGonAats = [iG +OT-T-8-293 = 54439717] ‘Try this one on your own. 27 -1 cosa OMS) #4 aya] - ee 2 i [a> [sleye yr ylneey + % =P] [108 +35 + 8h- [72078 “red Liets- er =\sh a1 {24 J it 0Rewrite the system in matrix form and find D, Dy, Dy ,and ee Qxtyteald be zh aes iene = Leer) Tea 33 Pelee Gee BLY = 4+ 39 7s] r qi _ at oe fs - fre cto ti2}-[1s- 164-6} “-b 3\5% =f53 i ) a iu ae =Eet ts}-£-3-20 eee i" + 9 4-5 BNF : [ele #24 45 Dew |53 7 J 5 =C(w-82 043 Ee J ia eee [Uy ws 9 i “6S B38 Now we solve the system. xe Be 4 47 ) ‘Cramer's Rule (3x3): The solution to a linear system of 3 unknowns is a Dx ye Dy a Oz Dp D D Solve the following systems using Cramer’s Rule. Bxtytz=4 i () 2x42y+3253 C | | ta x+3y+22=51 2 oe atetyrees ( 8) '%) 1 ade ee eee axtty-z95 tay decwtte 9