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General Chemistry 2 Q3 SLM7
General Chemistry 2 Q3 SLM7
11 &
Chemistry 2
Quarter 3 12
Self-Learning Module 7
Different Ways of Expressing Concentration of
Solutions
For the Learner:
Welcome to the General Chemistry 2 Self-Learning Module (No. 7) on
Different Ways of Expressing Concentration of Solutions
This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful
opportunities for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You
will be enabled to process the contents of the learning material while being an
active learner.
Posttest – This measures how much you have learned from the
entire module.
EXPECTATIONS
This module is designed for Senior High School STEM students. Specifically,
after going through this self learning module, you are expected to:
1. Describe the ways of expressing concentrations of solutions.
2. Solve problems involving:
a. Percent by mass
b. Percent by volume
c. Molarity
d. Molality
e. Parts per million
PRETEST
Choose the letter of the best answer:
1. Which way of the following is the common concentration expression of solutions
used for practical purposes at home, in industry, and in medicine?
A. Percent by mass C. molality
B. Percent by volume D. molarity
2. Calculate the grams of NaOH present in 5.0 mL of a 1.0% (m/v) NaOH solution.
A. 0.050 g C. 0.50 g
B. 0.10 g D. 1.0 g
3. A bottle of a tile cleanser contains 135 g of HCl and 775 g of water. What is
the percent by mass of HCl in this cleanser?
A. 1.48 % B. 0.148 % C. 148 % D. 14.8%
4. The unit of molarity is
A. moles of solute/liters of solution.
B. moles of solute/liters of solvent.
C. grams of solute/liters of solution.
D. grams of solute/liters of solvent
5. A solution is made by dissolving 0.40 mole of NaCl in enough water to give a
final volume of 250.0 mL. What is the molarity of the solution?
A. 0.10 M C. 1.6 M
B. 0.80 M D. 2.5 M
RECAP
Classify the following solutions as DILUTED or CONCENTRATED.
1. 70% rubbing alcohol 6. fruit extracts
2. ready –to- drink – juices 7. maple syrup
3. 40 % rubbing alcohol 8. honey
4. fabric conditioner 9. coffee in hot water
5. dish washing liquids 10. salt in water
LESSON
Mass percentages are popular concentration units for consumer products.
For example, in the label of a typical liquid bleach bottle (Figure 1) cites the
concentration of its active ingredient, sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), as being 7.4%.
A 100.0-g sample of bleach would therefore contain 7.4 g of NaOCl.
Sample Problem 1
A 5.0-g sample of spinal fluid contains 3.75 mg or 0.00375 g of glucose. What
is the percent by mass of glucose in spinal fluid?
Solution.
The spinal fluid sample contains roughly 4 mg of glucose in 5000 mg of fluid,
so the mass fraction of glucose should be a bit less than one part in 1000, or about
0.1%. Substituting the given masses into the equation defining mass percentage
yields:
1g
% glucose = 3.75 mg glucose X 1000 mg = 0.075%
5.0 g spinal fluid
2. Percent by Volume expresses the volume parts of a solute in 100 volume parts
of solution. Volume may be expressed in mL, L or any other volume units.
Sample Problem 2:
A solution is prepared by mixing 50.00 mL of C2H5OH in 350.0 mL of distilled
water. What is the % by volume and the proof number of the solution?
Given: volume of solute = 50.00 mL volume of solvent = 350.0 mL
Formula :
= 50.00mL X 100
350.0 mL
=14.29 %
proof no. = 2 (14.28) = 28.58
3. Molarity (M), or molar concentration , is the number of moles of solute in one
liter of solution. Molarity is defined by the equation:
For example, a 1.46 molar glucose (C6 H12 O6 ) solution, written as 1.46 M
C6H12O6 contains 1.46 moles of the solute in 1 L of the solution.
You will see that the unit of molarity is moles per liter, so a 500 mL solution
containing 0.730 mole of C6 H12 O6 is equivalent to 1.46 mol/ L or 1.46 M. Take
note that concentration, like density is an intensive property, so its value does not
depend on how much of the solution is present.
It is important to remember that molarity refers only to the amount of solute
originally dissolved in water and does not take into account any subsequent
processes, like dissociation of a salt or the ionization of an acid.
Sample Problem 3 :
How do we determine the molarity of a solution containing 5 g of NaOH in 250 g
mL of solution?
Solution:
m= moles of solute
kilogram of solvent
Sample Problem No. 4
Let us see how to determine the molality of a solution, supposing you dissolve
15.0 g of C6 H12O6 (MM=180.0 g/mol) in 1.00 kg of water.
Solution:
Sample problem 5:
How much C6 H12 O6 is needed to prepare a 0.5 m solution using 500 g of water?
Figure 3. (a) In some areas, trace-level concentrations of contaminants can render unfiltered
tap water unsafe for drinking and cooking. (b) Inline water filters reduce the concentration of
solutes in tap water. (credit a: modification of work by Jenn Durfey; credit b: modification of
work by “vastateparkstaff”/Wikimedia commons)
ACTIVITIES
Activity 1. Complete the table below for aqueous solution of C6 H12O6 (glucose)
:
Activity 2. Complete the table to prepare the given solutions with different
concentrations:
WRAP-UP
Complete the concept map below by filling up the boxes with the appropriate
concepts using the linking words/ phrases as guide on how these concepts are
related to one another.
POSTTEST
Choose the letter of the best answer:
1. It refers to the amount of solute present in a given quantity of solvent or
solution.
A. Amount of solution C. concentration of solution
B. Component of solution D. content of solution
2. The number of moles of solute dissolved per dm3 of the solution is
A. Molality B. percentage C. concentration D. molarity
3. If 125 mL of 1.00 M NaOH is diluted to 1.00 L, the resulting solution contains
A. 0.125 mole of NaOH. C. 1.25 moles of NaOH
B. 1.00 mole of NaOH. D. 10.0 moles of NaOH
https://mcqlearn.com/chemistry/g9/concentration-units-mcqs.php. n.d.
https://opentextbc.ca/chemistry/chapter/3-4-other-units-for-solution-concentrations/. n.d.
Accessed August 2020.
https://opentextbc.ca/chemistry/wp-
content/uploads/sites/150/2016/05/CNX_Chem_03_05_faucet.jpg. n.d. Accessed August
2020.
Nudo, Leogarda P., Zaidy B. Mindo, Nenita T. Villamarin, and Jocelyn A. Prado. 2009. "Skill-
Booster.Com." Quezon City: Bookman Inc.