MODULE 2

History of Management
Let's go back to where it started.
MODULE 2

Learning Objectives
Discuss the highlights of Management's
History
Explain the difference between
scientific, bureaucratic, humanistic, and
other management approaches
Identify the current developments in
management practices
 Highlights to the History of
MODULE 2 01 Management

What is Scientific
02

Topics
Management?

What is Bureaucratic
03 Management?

Covered
What is Humanistic
04 Management?

Other Management
05 Approaches

Current Developments in
06 Management Practices
 Management as a practical, day-to-day activity dates back
to the hunter-gatherer era when humans devised
effective strategies to achieve communal goals in a well-
coordinated manner.

Highlights
When the first large industrial enterprises were created,
the pressing challenges of coordinating and supervising
huge numbers of people in the pursuit of a shared set of
goals became obvious, management as a theoretical
subject began.

to the History of Management

 1700S -
1900S Industrial Revolution

Administrative Management
1900 Theory
MODULE 2

Management
1909 Scientific Management Theory

Story
END OF Bureaucratic Management
19TH

in a Timeline 1920S - Human Relations Management

1930S Theory

1940 General Systems Theory

1950S -
1960S X and Y Management Theory
MODULE 2

What is Scientific
Management?
Frederick W. Taylor's philosophy aimed to improve productivity and make work easier by
examining work processes and setting standards in a scientific manner.

Taylor's disciples and colleagues aided in the promotion of scientific management. Taylor
worked with Henry Lawrence Gantt at both Midvale Steel and later Bethlehem Steel.
Invention of the Gantt chart, which is still in use today, and his work in production control
are among Gantt's most well-known achievements.

Both as a husband-and-wife partnership and as individuals, Frank and Lillian Gilbreth were
pivotal figures in the early management movement. Inspired by Taylor and scientific
research, the Gilbreths were among the first to investigate hand and body movements in
motion pictures in order to decrease wasted motion.
MODULE 2

Four Main Principles

The creation of a scientific strategy for designing
01 tasks that can be replaced by the traditional ways of
arithmetic.

Selection based on scientific evidence, as well as

02 progressive education and growth of employees.

Job design strategies that have been scientifically

03 established, as well as the bringing together of
scientifically selected employees.

Interdependence between management and labor as a

04 result of a work division.
What is
Bureaucratic
Management?
By emphasizing that a bureaucratic organization is an impersonal machine that
focuses more on numbers and productivity than on the well-being of its people, the
word bureaucracy has a derogatory or negative connotation.

Its intended meaning, on the other hand, is completely different. Max

Weber developed the notion of bureaucratic administration near the
end of the nineteenth century. Weber believed that bureaucracy
meant methodically formulating and writing out company objectives
and divisions of work, as opposed to today's definition. This meant not
only creating a company-wide command structure but also assisting
and growing personnel.

All staff should have clear job requirements, and each job should be standardized
to ensure optimal efficiency. One of the most significant differences between the
scientific and bureaucratic theories is Weber's belief in the value of human feeling.
MODULE 2
Task Specialization (Specialization and Division of
01 Labor)

02 HIerarchical Layers of Authority

03 Formal Selection

04 Rules and Requirements

Six
05 Impersonal (Impersonality and Personal Indifference)

Characteristics
06 Career Orientation
What is Humanistic Management?
 In the manager-employee collaboration, humanistic
management is a management philosophy that prioritizes the
interests of the employee. It encompasses a number of more
specific philosophies that emphasize the importance of
human development, potential, and dignity. In reality,
humanistic managers treat all stakeholders equally, including
consumers, clients, vendors, and other members of the
organization's community. They are more likely to keep all
organizational stakeholders in mind, rather to just the
shareholders or themselves, at the expense of other
stakeholders. Managers who are humanistic are concerned
about how their teams achieve their objectives.
 Administrative Management Theory

General Systems Theory

Other
X and Y Management Theory

Management
Approaches
 A clear division of labor, ensuring that each

Administrative Management
employee had just one direct management to
report to, and a healthy manager-employee
relationship were all ideas he advocated.

General Systems Theory

Ludwig von Bertalanffy is a scientist, who
similarly identifies the human body to a person
working.

Theory X
According to Theory X, managers have a
negative attitude toward their employees and
believe that they must be coerced or forced to
work.

Theory Y
Managers in Theory Y believe that offering
chances for learning and growth is critical to
their employees' success.
MODULE 2

Current
The Pace of Change

Development in
Technology

Management
Practices
Globalization

Diversity

Social Expectations
Organizations are confronted with a slew of new
issues in the twenty-first century.
Do you
FEEL FREE TO REACH OUT!

have any
questions?
 LET'S CONNECT

AIROTCIV IVY BLAISE P. MANGAWANG, MBA

INSTRUCTOR 1, OMSC

Thank you!
ivyblaise_cbam@omsc.ph.education @airducation
References
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/wm-organizationalbehavior/chapter/different-management-theories/

https://www.zamaros.net/mgt%20reading%202%20-%20history%20of%20mgt.pdf

https://www.uniassignment.com/essay-samples/management/a-brief-history-of-management-theory-
management-essay.php

https://www.toolshero.com/management/bureaucratic-theory-
weber/#:~:text=According%20to%20the%20bureaucratic%20theory%20of%20Max%20Weber%2C%20bureaucracy
%20is,organisation's%20power%20structure%20into%20focus.

https://sk.sagepub.com/reference/encyclopedia-of-management-theory/i3937.xml

https://courses.lumenlearning.com/wm-principlesofmanagement/chapter/reading-current-
developments-in-management-practices/