9

SCIENCE
QUARTER 3 – MODULE 6-7

Constellation:
Patterns in the Sky
 What I Need to Know

This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to
help you master the nature of Earth and Space. The scope of this module
permits it to be used in many different learning situations. The language used
recognizes the diverse vocabulary level of students. The lessons are arranged
to follow the standard sequence of the course. But the order in which you read
them can be changed to correspond with the textbook you are now using.

The module contains the lesson:

• Lesson 1 –Constellations: Patterns in the Sky.
MELC: Show which constellations may be observed at the different
times of the year using models (S9ES-IIIj-35)

After going through this module, you are expected to:

a. compare modern people’s perspective and ancient peoples;
b. recognize a few famous constellations, and know the myths behind
them;
c. locate certain constellations according to their positions in the sky; and
d. create a model of seasonal constellation by grouping stars together in a
recognizable pattern.

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 What I Know

Direction: Select the letter of the correct answer in the following questions:
1. The star "Sirius" belongs to a constellation named
A. Orion B. Canis Major C. Aquarius D. Taurus

2. The constellation Pisces changes position at night. Which motion is

mainly responsible for this change in position?
A. Revolution of the earth around the sun.
B. Revolution of Pisces around the sun.
C. Rotation of the earth on its axis.
D. Rotation of Pisces on its axis.

3. Which constellation is prominent in the Northern Hemisphere during offspring?

A. Andromeda B. Lynex C. Orion D. Ursa Major

4. What local constellation signifies the start of the rainy season?

A. Balara B. Buwaya C. Lepu D. BalatiK

5. Why can we see the different parts of the sky at different times of the year?
A. Due to the tilt of the earth’s axis
B. Due to the rotation of the earth.
C. Due to the revolution of the earth.
D. Due to the revolution of the moon.

6. Based on apparent magnitude, which of the following stars is the brightest?

A. Alpha Centauri C. Rigel
B. Betelgeuse D.Sirius

7. Which of the following constellations can be seen in the month of September?

A. Andromeda B. Aquarius C. Lyra D. Capricornus

8. Which of the following best describes the position of the stars as the night
deepens?
A. The constellations move from right to left as the night deepens.
B. The constellations move from left to right as the night deepens.
C. The constellations move from East to West as the night deepens.
D. The constellations move from West to East as the night deepens.

9. Which constellations is prominently seen in the sky during summer particularly

in the month of march?
A. Orion B. Pegasus C. Hercules D. Virgo

10. Polaris serves as sailor’s guide during navigation because of the following
reasons EXCEPT
A. It is the “Summer Star”.
B. It is always seen in the North.
C. It is almost directly in line with the earth axis.
D. It’s the only star that does not appear to move in the sky.

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 Lesson Constellation:
1 Patterns in the Sky

You have heard and talked about stars many times in the past. You have
probably heard about them for the first time in your crib when your mother sang to
you the song, “Twinkle twinkle little star, How I wonder what you are, up above the
world so high, like a diamond in the sky.”

In Grade school, you learned more and more about stars, and perhaps, one of
the things that surprised you in school was your Teacher’s statement that our Sun
is a Star! That means that those “little stars that twinkle like a diamond in the sky”
are not really small. They are powerful balls of flaming gases that emit
electromagnetic waves in all directions. It also means that “those tiny points of light”
must be separated from each other by great distances, and if so, our space or the
universe must be really huge!

Have you gone one night on a stargazing session? If you have, you must have
seen patterns in the sky that look like a lion or a fish. Have you wondered what they
are? You are correct! Those are special groups of stars known as constellations.

What’s In
Since you started studying science in your early education, you were taught
to differentiate the characteristics of the stars. No matter how big or small the star
is, they differ in many ways.

Apparently, we become curious when we look at the sky during the night time,
what do we see? Do we see images or objects? These imaginary group of stars are
called constellations.

3
 What’s New

Are you excited now to have another stargazing session? I’m sure you are! But
before you go, as a beginner you have to bring with you a star map or sky map. The
sky map shows the entire sky as viewed from a given location at a specified time and
date. The sky map will tell you which of the constellations are visible to you at this
time of year. But remember that constellations in the sky are not exactly the same
as the constellations in your star map. You may ask your teacher where to get a copy
of a sky map for the specific time and date you want. I’m sure she is willing to help!

What is It

What is a constellation? Who identified constellations?

A group of stars that forms a certain pattern is called constellation. These
patterns are made by group of people over the past 6,000 years. There are actually
88 constellations, 12 are the zodiac constellations.
A constellation is the name given by our ancestors to special groups of stars.
Constellations are invented rather than discovered. Different cultures have made up
different constellations based on their interpretations of the images they see in the
sky.

Why would people want to invent constellations?

Constellations were created to help our ancestors, even astronomers,
remember stars. Long time ago, farmers used them as markers for seasons. When
certain constellations appear in the sky, they would know when to begin planting or
reaping. It is said that during ancient times, constellations helped people remember
their favorite stories about what they considered as gods. Later, constellations helped
people remember what crops to plant at different months of the year.

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 People today may not find
much relevance of 88
constellations that are
recognized by the International
Astronomical Union (IAU) to
their lives. But astronomers
find it useful in referring to
certain regions in space. For
instance, Our Sun, together
with the rest of the Solar
System circles the center of the
Milky Way at a speed of 250
km/s “toward the direction of
The Circumpolar Stars the constellation Lyra”. More
https://kapitolyohs.files.wordpress.com/2011/09/module-18-stars.pdf
importantly, constellations
help people today, especially
sailors at sea, find direction. The Big Dipper or the Great Bear is one of the most
well-known star groups. Actually, the Big Dipper is not really a constellation, but an
asterism. An asterism is a more recognizable part of a larger constellation. The Big
Dipper is a part of Ursa major constellation. Most of the constellations are visible to
the naked eye under good weather conditions. However, if you are living in the city,
the brightness of city light may not allow you to see all the stars. The use of
binoculars will make the stars look more impressive. Once you have with you a copy
of a sky map, with or without binoculars, you can now look for a good stargazing
place. The city is still a good place to view the sky. Since only the brighter stars can
BIG DIPPER AND SMALL
be seen, you will be able to find the
DIPPERhttps://www.pinterest.ph/pin
/367958232048437068/
constellations easily. If you think you are
having difficulty searching for star
patterns then concentrate on the
circumpolar stars because they are always
above the horizon. They are called
circumpolar because they appear to circle
the north celestial pole every night. Take a
look at these circumpolar stars. Do you like
to lie on your back and gaze at the stars?

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What constellations can you name? Have you ever used a
telescope to get a closer look at the universe? Do you know how a telescope works?
A telescope is used to see distant objects up close. There are two basic types
of telescopes - the refracting telescope and the reflecting telescope. Each will help
you to see the planets, moon, or stars.
Both use a tube and have an eyepiece to
focus the image for you to see. However,
each works in a different way.
How do you describe the Big
Dipper? the little Dipper? Do they really
look like bears? Look at the constellation
Cassiopeia. Does it look like a queen’s
crown? How about Cepheus? Does it look
like a king? Well, you can make your
ORION THE HUNTER

https://www.pinterest.ph/pin/768145280168896933 own constellation using your own

imagination! Good luck and have some
fun!
Orion is a famous winter constellation. A constellation has small patterns that
are located or can be found inside a constellation and they are called asterism.
Examples of asterism are the Orions and
they are called asterism. Examples of
asterism are the Orion’s Belt and Orion’s
Sword located in the constellation of Orion.
They are called Circumpolar Constellation.
These constellations are visible throughout
the year. Some examples of the
constellations in the equatorial region are
the Ursa Major the Great bear and the Ursa
Minor or Little Bear. Each constellation is
identified because of the brightest stars on it. The Ursa Minor and Ursaa Major
Brightest is the Sirius in the constellation Canis http://www.islamfromthestart.com/2015
/06/quran-word-day-namstar.html
Minor, the little dog.

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Why Do Constellations Change in Position?
Different constellations become visible to us as Earth revolves around the sun
in a year. Thus, during the summer months, we see Sagittarius, the Archer, together
with other Summer constellations. During from the Autumn months, we see pieces
and other Autumn constellations. During the winter months, we see Orion the
hunter, as well as the other winter constellations. Now, using library of internet
resources, find out what constellations are visible to us during months of Spring. In
short, constellations move in and out of view as Earth revolves around the sun.
Furthermore, if you observe the stars in constellations for at least one to two hours,
you will notice that the constellation appears to move across night sky from East to
West. This daily change in position is due to the Earth’s rotation on its axis from
West to East.

Model of Seasonal Constellation

https://www.google.com/search?q=model+of+constellation+during+seasons&sxsrf

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 The Constellations

Antlia Apus Aquarius Aquila

Andromeda
The Air Pump Bird of Paradise Water Carrier The Eagle
Ara Aries Auriga Boötes Caelum
The Altar The Ram The Charioteer The Herdsman The Chisel
Canis Major
Camelopardalis Cancer Canes Venatici Canis Minor
The Greater
The Giraffe The Crab Hunting Dogs The Lesser Dog
Dog
Capricornus Carina Centaurus
Cassiopeia Cepheus
The Goat-Fish The Keel The Centaur
Cetus Circinus Columba Coma Berenices
Chamaeleon
The Whale The Drafting Compass The Dove Berenice’s Hair
Corona Australis Corona Borealis Corvus Crater Crux
Southern Crown Northern Crown The Crow The Goblet Southern Cross
Cygnus Delphinus Dorado Draco Equuleus
The Swan The Dolphin The Goldfish The Dragon The Little Horse
Eridanus Fornax Gemini Grus
Hercules
The River The Furnace The Twins The Crane
Horologium Hydra Hydrus
Indus Lacerta
The Pendulum The Water The Lesser Water
The Indian The Lizard
Clock Serpent Snake
Leo Leo Minor Lepus Libra Lupus
The Lion The Lesser Lion The Hare The Scales The Wolf
Lyra Mensa Microscopium Monoceros
Lynx
The Lyre The Table Mountain The Microscope The Unicorn
Musca Norma Octans Ophiuchus Orion
The Fly The Level The Octant Serpent Holder The Hunter
Pictor
Pavo Pegasus Phoenix
Perseus The Painter’s
The Peacock The Winged Horse The Phoenix
Easel
Piscis Austrinus
Pisces Puppis Pyxis Reticulum
The Southern
The Fish The Stern The Compass The Reticle
Fish
Sagitta Sagittarius Scorpius Sculptor Scutum
The Arrow The Archer The Scorpion The Sculptor The Shield
Serpens Sextans Taurus Telescopium Triangulum
The Serpent The Sextant The Bull The Telescope The Triangle
Triangulum
Tucana Ursa Major Ursa Minor Vela
Australe
The Toucan The Great Bear The Lesser Bear The Sails
Southern Triangle
Virgo Volans Vulpecula
The Virgin The Flying Fish The Fox

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 What’s More

Activity 1

Direction: Draw the following star formations on a separate sheet of paper and
Connect the stars following the number sequence then name the constellation.

Activity 2

The zodiac names we use today are actually the names given to special star groups
known as constellations. How many constellations can you correctly describe?
Matching Type: Place the letter of the zodiac names in Column I that corresponds
to the given constellations in Column II.
Column I Column II
ZODIAC NAMES CONSTELLATIONS

A. Leo 1 The Crab

B. Aries 2 The Goat
C. Orion 3 The Bull
D. Libra 4 The Twins
E. Draco 5 The Dragon
F. Taurus 6 The Archer
G. Pisces 7 The Fish
H. Cancer 8 The Lion
I. Gemini 9 The Ram
J. Aquarius 10 The Scales
K. Pegasus 11 The Hunter
L. Saguittarius 12 The Scorpion
M. Scorpius 13 The Great Bear
N. Ursa Major 14 The Winged House
O. Capricornus 15 The Water Carrier

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 What I Have Learned

Direction: Fill in the blanks to complete the concept regarding constellations.

Choose your answer inside the Box.

88 TELESCOPE SET OF STARS ASTERISM CONSTELLATION

Constellations, are group of stars that form a pattern. Inside the

constellation are small figures or patterns that are called (1)____________.There are
(2)_________ known constellations, and some of the famous are the Orion, the Hunter,
the Ursa Major or the Great Dog. A (3)____________ is used to see distant objects up
close. There are two basic types of telescopes – the refracting telescope and the
reflecting telescope. A (4)____________ is a group of stars that form imaginary outlines.
They can also represent patterns that depict animals or gods, and sometimes
mythological people and creatures. The word “constellation” is a Latin word (con-,
meaning together and stella - meaning stars) meaning (5) “_______”..Twelve
constellations correlate to the twelve astrological signs: Aquarius, Pisces, Aries,
Taurus, Gemini, Cancer, Leo, Virgo, Libra, Scorpio, Sagittarius, and Capricorn.
Constellations are given a point in the celestial coordinate system.

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 What I Can Do

Interactive Sky Map

Objectives:
a. Identify some of the constellations viewed in the sky;
a. Observe the changes in position of the stars throughout the course
of the night.
Materials: Star charts/ map ; Bond Paper; Pencil and Timer of Watch
Procedure:
1. On a clear night, go outdoors (along your backyard or at your window) and
select an open location where the sky is clearly visible.
2. Observe the stars and identify the constellations as many as you can. Refer
to the stars chart or map as your guide.
3. Select some constellation that is directly above some fixed object such as a
tree or a roof.
4. On a sheet of bond paper, draw your selected constellation and the
constellation around it. Include your drawing the fixed object you noted in
step 3as guide to show the position of constellation. Record the exact time
you made the observation.
5. Return to the exact same spot after an hour. Observe the position of the
selected constellation. Compare it to the position of the object you noted in
step 3.
6. As the new positions of the selected constellation and the surrounding
constellations on a sheet of bond paper. Include again the fixed object in the
drawing.

Guide Questions:
1. What have you observed with the position of the constellation as the night
progress?
2. Do stars orbit around the Earth like the moon does? Why do you think the
stars are moving across the sky?
3. If you are in the different country, would you see the same set of
constellations as those that you see in the Philippines? Explain your answer.

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 Assessment

1. What is a constellation?
A. A group of stars from the same galaxy
B. A group of stars that are physically close to each other
C. A group of visible stars that make a pattern when viewed from Earth.
D. All of the above
2. How many constellations are known?
A. 12 B. 22 C. 44 D. 88

3. What constellation was named after a flying horse?

A. Orion B. Ursa Minor C. Ursa Major D. Pegasus

4. What constellation has the Little Dipper as part of its pattern?
A.Orion B. Ursa Minor C. Ursa Major D. Draco

5. What constellation was named after a hunter from Greek mythology?

A.Orion B. Ursa Minor C. Ursa Major D. Draco

6. What constellation has the Big Dipper as part of its pattern?

A.Orion B. Ursa Minor C. Ursa Major D. Draco

7. True or False: All constellations are visible from anywhere on Earth
throughout the year.

A. TRUE B. FALSE
8. What group of constellations are used in astrology?

A. Ursa constellations C. Predictive constellations

B. Northern constellations D. Zodiac constellations

9. How are constellations useful?
A. To help locate stars C. To keep track of the calendar

B. To navigate D. All of the above

10. What is the largest constellation by area in the sky?

A. Hydra B. Cancer C. Orion D. Leo

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 Additional Activities

#Seasonal Constellation Design Challenge!

Introduction: A constellation is a recognizable pattern of stars in the night sky.
Bring the night sky inside by creating constellations with a light source.

Materials:
✓ Writing Utensil
✓ Recycled Material: Be creative! We recommend cardboard/black
construction paper/ plastic containers, or even a paper plate!
*Make sure the material is at least 8 inches x 8 inches for this project
✓ Hole Punch
* Anything to poke a hole for your stars will work, like a nail, scissors,
or a pencil. *Some adult assistance may be required
✓ Yellow yema wrapper
Build:
• Research about Seasonal constellation model.
• Mark the location for the stars with a writing utensil on your base
material.
• Use a hole punch/pencil or scissors to create space for the light to
shine through. *Some adult assistance required.
• Cover it with yema wrapper to make your pattern visible.
• Write a short description about the constellation you have chosen.
*You can choose your Zodiac Constellation.

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Answer Key

14
References

Books:

Science 9 by Ma. Ana B Castillejos et.al ,Reprinted 2017 Copyright ©2015,Vicarish

Publication and Trading, Inc. p.229-240.

Science and Technology 9 by Lilia M. Rabago et. Al , Copyright ©2014 , Vibal

Group Inc. p. 252-263
You and the Natural World Science 9 by Teresita F. Reliogoso et.al , Copyright
©2015 Phoenix Publishing House, p.1600-166.

Science 9 Learner’s Module, DepEd First Edition 2014, Reprint 2017 by Liza A.
Alvarez et.al, Printed in the Phillipines by Studio Graphics Corp.

Websites:

Retrieved:https://www.helpteaching.com/tests/160892/starsCopyright ©2004-
2020 SureSwift Capital.All rights reserved.
Retrieved: https://www.tuttee.co/blog/phys-color-and-brightness-of-stars-and-hr-
diagram; PHYS - Color and Brightness of Stars and HR Diagram
Retrieved: Example Hertzsprung-Russel diagram of known stars in the Milky Way
(http://www.eso.org/public/images/)

Retrieved: https://kapitolyohs.files.wordpress.com/2011/09/module-18-stars.pdf

Northern and Southern Star Map:

Retrieved:https://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nightskyi
nfo.com%2Fcms%2Fmaps_images%2Fsky_map_south.png%3Fv%3D1&imgrefurl=h
ttp%3A%2F%2Fwww.nightskyinfo.com%2Fmaps_images%2Fhtml%2Fsky_map_sou
th.htm&tbnid=J24T7GeaDAFeGM&vet=12ahUKEwic7PXd4ZLtAhW_zYsBHZpXDRg
QMygDegUIARCXAQ..i&docid=ESQOeI9G3F9NRM&w=1050&h=1050&q=star%20m
ap%20NORTH%20AND%20SOUTH%20HEMISPHERE&ved=2ahUKEwic7PXd4ZLtA
hW_zYsBHZpXDRgQMygDegUIARCXAQ Nortern and Southern Star Map
The Stars. Retrieved September 13, 2004 from
http://www.enchantedlearning.com/subjects/astronomy/stars/lifecycle/
Before You Go Outside. Retrieved September 13, 2004 from
http://www.geocities.com/Heartland/Fields/8616/beforeoutside.html
Temperature and Colors of the Stars. (1999). Monterey Institute for Research in
Astronomy. RetrieveSeptember 13, 2004 from
http://www.mira.org/fts0/stars/114/txt001w.htm
Star Sketches. Retrieved September 16, 2004 from
http://imagine.gsfc.nasa.gov/docs/teachers/lifecycles/SC
Star Signs. Retrieved September 16, 2004 from
http://imagine.gsfc.nasa.gov/docs/teachers/lifecycles/SC

15
What Are Constellations?. Retrieved September 24, 2004 from
http://www.astro.wisc.edu/~dolan/constellations/extra/constellations.html
Sample Constellation Myths. Retrieved September 22, 2004 from
http://starchild.gsfc.nasa.gov/docs/StarChild/teachers/star_art2.html
Bill Baity, (1996), Star Brightness, Retrieved September 15, 2004 from
http://casswww.ucsd.edu/public/bright.html
Hewitt, H., Suchocki, J., and Hewitt, L. (2000) Conceptual Physical Science.( 2nd
Ed).USA. Pearson Education Asia Pte Ltd.
Starry Night (2003). Your Daily Guide to Philippine Night Sky (2nd Edition)
Model of Seasonal Constellation
Retrieved:https://www.google.com/search?q=model+of+constellation+during+seaso
ns&sxsrf=ALeKk00BqSbNOTJaMWsQ8LY4hNbDOyRDqg:1605981302684&tbm=isc
h&source=iu&ictx=1&fir=Gpk4EV7IOg9HTM%252CgQ5isfTcSTNfUM%252C_&vet=
1&usg=AI4_-
Retrieved;
http://skyserver.sdss.org/dr1/en/proj/teachers/kids/constellation/lesson.asp
Retrieved: https://kidskonnect.com/science/stars-constellations/
Orion the Hunter Retrieved;
https://www.pinterest.ph/pin/768145280168896933/
Big Dipper and Small Dipper, Retrieved:
http://www.islamfromthestart.com/2015/06/quran-word-day-namstar.html

Constellation Design, Retrieved: https://www.discoveryworld.org/wp-

content/uploads/2020/04/Constellation-Design-Challenge.pdf
Modular Program, Retrieved:
https://s.docworkspace.com/d/AB9ZqcrHha5QusqpopqnFA?fbclid=IwAR0b0qbTvl
WT_bWtiik8h9qDxOGa79kyl_NkIUBx2guLL6O5eiJ-vuSmEHA

16
 SCIENCE 9 – QUARTER 3
WORKSHEET NO.6
CONSTELLATION: PATTERNS IN THE SKY

NAME: _________________________ ________________ SCORE:____________

GRADE AND SECTION: ________________________ DATE:_____________

2
Across
2The Seven Sisters. (8)
3 4 5 6
4A summer constellation: a half man and
half scorpion monster. (8)
7

9 8A summer constellation:the Scales. (5)

9A northern circumpolar constellation that
looks like an ‘M’. (10)
10 11

10An autumn constellation: the Goat Fish or

12
Sea Goat. (11)
13 12A spring constellation: the Crab. (6)
14
14 A northern circumpolar constellation:
15
the Great Bear. (4,5)
16 17

15A southern constellation: the Wolf. (5)

16A winter constellation: the Bull. (6)
18

18 A summer constellation: The Archer.

(11)

Down
1 A winter constellation: the Twins. (6)
2 An autumn constellation: the Fish. (6)
3 A northern circumpolar constellation: the Dragon (5)
5 A winter constellation: the Hunter. (5)
6 The constellation that contains the polestar. (4,5)
7 A southern circumpolar constellation that contains the stellar south pole. (6)
8 A spring constellation: the Lion. (3)
10 A summer constellation: the Swan. (6)
11 A southern constellation: a mythological creature that is half human and half horse(9)
13 The Southern Cross. (4)
17 An autumn constellation: the Ram. (5)

17
For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education - Bureau of Learning Resources

(DepEd-BLR)

Ground Floor, Bonifacio Bldg., DepEd Complex

Meralco Avenue, Pasig City, Philippines 1600

Telefax: (632) 8634-1072; 8634-1054; 8631-4985

Email Address: blr.lrqad@deped.gov.ph * blr.lrpd@deped.gov.ph