Must For All Science Talent Search Exams & Olympiads

SALIENT FEATURES
BMA’S

TALENT &
l Suitable for curricula of major boards like CBSE / ICSE /
State Boards.
l Fundamental concepts are thoroughly revised
l Extensive range of questions that stimulate the interests of
the students while testing their knowledge

X
l Application / skill / knowledge / understanding

OLYMPIAD

e) m
oriented questions
l Suitable for International / National / Regional Olympiads

BMA’s Talent & Olympiad Exams Resource Book - SCIENCE

and Talent exams like NSTSE, Science Olympiad etc.

pl co
l Hundreds of objective questions EXAMS RESOURCE BOOK

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UNIQUE FEATURES
SCIENCE CL ASS X

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l Synopsis: To provide the essence of a chapter in a nutshell
l Previous Contest Problems: Problems appeared in various Strong Foundation for

Sa le
talent & olympiad exams
l Crossword Puzzles: To stimulate the mind to think beyond Better Results
` 100

e ta
regular preparation & to offer fun
Olympiad Mock Test
l Solutions: Solutions and explanations for maximum no. of
questions
20-20 Series

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l Questions @ Stimulating Minds: Selected questions to More Practice -
challenge your higher order thinking More Score

(F .bm
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` 130/-

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www.bmatalent.com
YOUR
SOLD Over
3.6 Million
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India’s FIRST scientifically designed portal
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• Olympiad & Talent Exams preparation packages copies of this series
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Brain Mapping Academy
Revised Edition
A unique opportunity to take about 50 tests per subject.
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BMA’s

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Science
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CL ASS X

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Published by:

Brain Mapping Academy

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Saleem Nagar, Malakpet, Hyderabad–500 036.
✆ 040–66135169,65165169.
E–mail: info@bmatalent.com
Website: www.bmatalent.com

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© UNIFIED COUNCIL

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C BRAIN MAPPING ACADEMY
ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval
system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic,

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mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise without the
prior written permission of the publisher.

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ISBN : 978-93-82058-64-9
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Disclaimer
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Every care has been taken by the compilers and

publishers to give correct, complete and updated information.
In case there is any omission, printing mistake or any
other error which might have crept in inadvertently,
neither the compiler / publisher nor any of the
distributors take any legal responsibility.
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In case of any dispute, all matters are subjected to the exclusive

jurisdiction of the courts in Hyderabad only.
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Printed at:
Sri Vinayaka Art Printers, Hyderabad.
 Publisher’s Note
Sometimes the understanding of fundamental concepts alone does not help the
students to crack the competitive exams as most of them are objective in structure.

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Students need rigorous training to familiarize themselves to the style of the exams they
are attempting. The board exams which are of qualifying, but not competitive, nature do

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not completely address the needs of students in testing them in objective type format.

To bridge this gap and to enable the students to face the reality of competitive

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exams, Brain Mapping Academy, brought out an all-objective questions reference book.

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A crisp summary of the topics and useful equations were provided at the beginning
of each chapter so that the students can memorize the important points.
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Care has been taken to design thought-provoking questions. These should help
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students to attain a deeper understanding of principles. The questions have been reviewed
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to fill the gaps in problem coverage and to build the confidence in the students. They have
also been expanded to impart reasoning/logical/analytical skills.

This book will cater all the requirements of the students who are approaching
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national/state level talent search examinations and all Olympiad exams. This book also
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complements the additional preparation needs of the students for the regular board exams.
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We took utmost care to make this the best resource book available for the Talent &
Olympiad exams aspirants. We welcome criticism from the students, teacher community
and educators, especially concerning any errors and deficiencies which may have remained
in this edition and the suggestions for improvement for the next edition.
 For Your Information

NATIONAL LEVEL SCIENCE TALENT SEARCH EX AMINATION

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Aim of this examination

The focus on fundamentals is so important that without a firm understanding of them, a child

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cannot be expected to face the reality of the competitive world once he/she finishes the
formal education. Even while opting for higher studies the student has to go through a
complete scan of what he/she knows. Exams like IIT-JEE, AIEEE, AIIMS, AFMC, CAT, SAT, GRE,

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GMAT, etc. are so designed to test the fundamental strength of a student. Hence the need of
the hour is building the fundamental base as strong as possible.

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A successful life emerges out from healthy and sound competition. Competition is the only
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way for the students to shake lethargy. It’s the only way to get introduced for manly worthiness.
Firm standards in education and competition are the tonic for a promising and talented
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future.

This exactly is the philosophy behind the Unified Council’s NSTSE.

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Organisation
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National Science Talent Search Examination is conducted by Unified Council. Unified Council
is India’s first ISO 9001 certified organisation in the educational testing and assessment.
Since its inception, Unified Council has put together the best brains in an endeavour to make
the younger generation fundamentally stronger and nourish their brains for a bright and
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enterprising future.

Eligibility : Students of classes 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 & 12 are eligible to participate in this

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examination.
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Medium & Syllabus: This exam is conducted in only English medium and is suitable for all
the students following CBSE/ICSE/State Board Syllabi.

Examination Pattern

There will be a separate question paper for each class. All questions are objective-type
multiple choice with no negative marking for wrong answers.
Duration: 90 minutes
Date : Conducted every year on the last Sunday of January.
Test Centres : Spread across the country.
 DIVISION OF MARKS
FOR CLASS I FOR CLASSES VI TO X
Mathematics : 25 marks Mathematics : 25 marks
General Science : 15 Marks Physics : 25 marks
Chemistry : 20 marks
FOR CLASS II Biology : 20 marks
Mathematics : 25 marks General Questions : 10 marks
General Science : 25 Marks FOR CLASS XI & XII(PCM)
Mathematics : 40 marks
FOR CLASS III
Physics : 25 marks
Mathematics : 40 marks Chemistry : 25 marks

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General Science : 35 Marks General Questions : 10 marks
FOR CLASSES IV & V FOR CLASS XI & XII(PCB)
Biology : 40 marks

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Mathematics : 45 marks Physics : 25 marks
General Science : 45 Marks Chemistry : 25 marks
General Questions : 10 marks General Questions : 10 marks

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Infrastructure

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The Council makes use of ultra-modern equipment such as Optical Mark Recognition (OMR)
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equipment to evaluate the answer papers to proficiently assess students’ performance. The
examination procedure is completely computerised.
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Unique Service from Unified Council:
Unique analysis reports like Student’s Performance Report for students, General School Re-
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port & Individual School Report for schools provided. These reports are very much helpful for
students & schools to analyse their strengths and weaknesses.
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General School Report (GSR) analyses the performance of students participating in the
exam (subject-wise and class-wise). The report, in graphical format will have Ogive and
Histogram Graphs, which are useful to schools that wish to improve their students’
performance by benchmarking the areas of weaknesses and building upon them.
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Individual School Report (ISR) analyses the performance of a particular school when com-
pared to the rest of the students participating in this examination (subject-wise, class-wise
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and question-wise). This report acts as a tool for the schools to improve their students’ perfor-
mance in the future by benchmarking the areas of weaknesses and building upon them.
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Awards & Scholarships:

Top 100 members in each class will be awarded with Awards & Medals etc.

UNIFIED COUNCIL
An ISO 9001: 2008 Certified Organisation
Foundation for success

#16-11-16/1/B, Farhath Hospital Road, Saleem Nagar, Malakpet, Hyderabad-500 036

Phones : 040-24557708, 24545862, 66139917
E-mail: exam@unifiedcouncil.com, Website: www.unifiedcouncil.com
 CONTENTS
Physics

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1. Light, Reflection and Refraction ............... 9 - 15
2. The Human Eye and the Colourful World ... 16 - 20

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3. Electricity .............................................. 22 - 26
4. Magnetics Effects of Electric Current ........ 27 - 32

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5. Sources of Energy ..................................... 34 - 40
Model Test Paper .................................... 41 - 43

n Chemistry
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1. Chemical Reactions and Equations ........... 44 - 48
2. Acids, Bases and Salts .............................. 49 - 52
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3. Metals and Non-metals ............................ 54 - 57

4. Carbon and Its Compounds....................... 58 - 62
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5. Periodic Classication of Elements .............. 64 - 67

Model Test Paper .................................... 69 - 70

Biology
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1. Life Processes ........................................... 71 - 78

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2. Control and Co-ordination ........................ 79 - 85

3. Reproduction ............................................ 87 - 92
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4. Heredity and Evolution ............................. 93 - 96

5. Our Environment ....................................... 98 - 102
6. Managment of Natural Resources ............ 103 - 105
Model Test Paper ...................................... 107 - 108
Questions@stimulating-minds................... 109 - 110
Explanatory Answers ................................ 111 - 133
 CHEMISTRY

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Chemical reactions
A chemical reaction is a process in which substances undergo change to produce new

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substances with new properties. The substances which take part in a chemical reaction are
known as reactants. The new substances formed during a chemical reaction are known as
products.

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The important characteristics of chemical reactions are: evolution of a gas, formation of a
precipitate, change in colour, change in temperature, and change in state.

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Chemical equations
A chemical equation is a short hand representation of a chemical reaction using symbols
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and formulae of the substances involved in the reaction.
A balanced chemical equation is the one which contains equal number of atoms of each
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element on both sides of the equation.
Types of chemical reactions
The reaction in which two or more substances combine to produce a single substance is
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known as synthesis reaction or combination reaction.

The reaction in which a compound is broken down into two or more simpler substances
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is known as decomposition reaction.

A reaction in which an atom or a group of atoms present in a molecule is displaced by
another atom is known as displacement reaction.
A reaction in which two compounds exchange their ions to form two new compounds is
known as double displacement reaction.
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Double displacement reactions are also called double decomposition reactions or

metathesis reactions.
Reactions in which heat is given out along with the products are called exothermic
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reactions.
Reactions in which heat is absorbed by reactants to form products are called endothermic
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reactions.
Oxidation and reduction reactions
Oxidation is defined as the addition of oxygen or removal of hydrogen to a substance.
Oxidation is also defined in terms of metals and non-metals as the addition of non-metallic
element (or removal of metallic element).
Reduction is addition of hydrogen or removal of oxygen to a substance.
Reduction is also defined in terms of metals and non-metals as the addition of metallic
element (or removal of non-metallic element).
The substance which oxidizes substances is known as an oxidizing agent.
The substance which reduces substances is known as a reducing agent.
In redox reactions, oxidation and reduction reactions occur simultaneously.

"" 1. Chemical Reactions and Equations

1 What is the reaction in which a 7 In the given equation, what does ‘X’
substance or substances undergo stand for?
change to produce new substances with (2)Al + (X)H2SO4 → Al2(SO4)3 + (3)H2
new properties called ?

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(A) 2 (B) 3 (C) 1 (D) 5
(A) A biochemical reaction
(B) A nuclear reaction 8 Which of the following are correct about
a chemical equation?

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(C) A physical reaction
(D) A chemical reaction
(i) It saves time and space in writing.
2 Which substances take part in a (ii) It does not indicate the rate of a reaction.
chemical reaction?

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(iii) It tells the ratio of the masses of
(A) Products (B) Reactants the reactants and products.

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(C) Mixtures (D) Compounds
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3 Which of these substances are formed
(C) Only (i) and (iii) (D) (i), (ii) and (iii)
as a result of a chemical reaction?
9 Which of the given chemical equations
(A) Products (B) Reactants
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is NOT balanced?
(C) Mixtures (D) Compounds
(A) 3Fe + 4H2O → Fe3O4 + 4H2
4 Which of the following conditions is (B) KClO3 → KCl + O2
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necessary for a chemical reaction? (C) CaCO3 → CaO + CO2

Mg + 2HCl → MgCl2 + H2
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(A) It must be accompanied with (D)

change in temperature and 10 Which of the given chemical equations
pressure. is balanced?
(B) At least one of the reactants must (A) H2O2 → H2O + O2
be in a fixed quantity. (B) NaNO3 → NaNO2 + O2
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(C) It must follow the law of (C) CaCO3 → CaO + CO2

conservation of mass. (D) Al2CO3 → Al2O3 + CO2
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(D) All of the above 11 In which of the following reactions is a

compound broken down into two or
5 Which of the following is the shorthand more substances?
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representation of a chemical reaction?

(A) Displacement reaction
(A) A symbol (B) A formula (B) Combination reaction
(C) An equation (D) All of the above (C) Decomposition reaction
6 ‘X’ is an equation which contains equal (D) Double Decomposition reaction
number of atoms of each element on 12 In which reaction is a substance decom-
both the sides. What is ‘X’? posed by using electricity?
(A) A balanced equation (A) Electrolysis
(B) An unbalanced equation (B) Hydrolysis
(C) A chemical equation (C) Decomposition
(D) All of the above (D) Displacement

1. Chemical Reactions and Equations "#

25 How is the decomposition of silver 2 Which of the given equations is NOT
chloride carried out? balanced correctly?
(A) By electricity (B) By sunlight (A) 2Al + 3H2SO4 → Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2
(C) By heat (D) By water (B) 2AlCl3 + 3Ca(OH)2 → 2Al(OH)3 +
26 Which of the following statements is 3CaCl2
correct about the given reaction? (C) 2KClO3 → 2KCl + 3O2

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AB + C → AC + B (D) Mg + H2O → Mg(OH)2 + H2
(A) B is more reactive than C. 3 Which of the following chemical
(B) C is more reactive than B. reactions is balanced and also

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(C) A and B are inert gases. undergoes combustion?
(D) A is more reactive than C. (A) C3H8 + 5O2 → 3CO2 + 4H2O
27 Which of the following statements is (B) 6CO2 + 12H2O → C6H12O6 + 6O2 + 6H2O

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NOT correct about the given reaction?
(C) C3H6 + 4O2 → 3CO2 + 3H2O
H2S + Cl2 → 2HCl + S

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(D) 2Al + 3H2SO4 → Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2
(A)
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4 Which of the following is oxidised in the
(B) H2S gets oxidised to S.
given reaction?
(C) Cl2 is the oxidising agent.
(D) H2S is the oxidising agent. 2HgCl2 + SnCl2 → Hg2Cl2 + SnCl4
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28 Identify a slow, combustion reaction in (A) HgCl2 (B) SnCl2
which glucose present in the body cells (C) SnCl4 (D) Hg
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combines with oxygen to produce 5 Which of the following chemical

energy. equations best describes the formation
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(A) Digestion (B) Excretion of rust?

(C) Respiration (D) Transpiration (A) 4Fe + 3O2 + xH2O → 2Fe2O3.xH2O
29 Which metal can prevent the corrosion (B) Fe + H2SO4 → FeSO4 + H2
of tin? (C) 2Fe3O4 + H2O → 3 Fe2O3 + H2
(D) 2FeSO4 → Fe2O3 + SO2 + SO3
(A) Zn (B) Cu
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(C) Pb (D) Ag 6 The given reaction belongs to which

kind of chemical reaction?
30 In the given reaction, what is nA?
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Na2SO4 (aq)+ BaCl2 ⎯⎯

→ BaSO4 (s)+ 2NaCl(aq)
Pb(NO3)2 → 2PbO+nA+O2 Sodium sulphate Barium sulphate

(A) 4 NO2 (B) 2 NO3

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(A) Combination reaction

(C) 2 PbNO2 (D) NO2 (B) Decomposition reaction
(C) Displacement reaction
Previous Contest Questions (D) Double displacement reaction
7 Which of the following statements is
1 Which of the following is a correct of the given reaction?
decomposition reaction? 10HNO3 + I2 → 2HIO3 + 10NO2 + 4H2O
(A) NaOH + HCl → NaCl + H2O (A) I2 is an oxidant.
(B) Zn + 2HCl → ZnCl2 + H2 (B) I2 is reduced.
(C) 2KClO3 → 2KCl + 3O2 (C) HNO3 is oxidised.
(D) H2 + I2 → 2HI (D) HNO3 is reduced.

1. Chemical Reactions and Equations "%

8 Which gas is used in flush bags of chips 10 In the balanced equation given below,
to prevent oxidation? 'a' and 'b' stand for:
(A) Helium (B) Neon aFe + bH2O → Fe3O4 + H2
(C) Nitrogen (D) Argon (A) a = 3, b = 4 (B) a = 4, b = 3
9 Which of the given reactions is a (C) a = 2, b = 5 (D) a = 3, b = 5
compound – compound combination

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reaction?
(A) Reaction of water with calcium
oxide.

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(B) Reaction of iodine with white
phosphorus.
(C) Reaction of iron with sulphur.

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(D) Electrolysis of water.

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"& 1. Chemical Reactions and Equations

 Must For All Science Talent Search Exams & Olympiads

SALIENT FEATURES
BMA’S

TALENT &
l Suitable for curricula of major boards like CBSE / ICSE /
State Boards.
l Fundamental concepts are thoroughly revised
l Extensive range of questions that stimulate the interests of
the students while testing their knowledge

X
l Application / skill / knowledge / understanding

OLYMPIAD

e) m
oriented questions
l Suitable for International / National / Regional Olympiads

BMA’s Talent & Olympiad Exams Resource Book - SCIENCE

and Talent exams like NSTSE, Science Olympiad etc.

pl co
l Hundreds of objective questions EXAMS RESOURCE BOOK

m t.
UNIQUE FEATURES
SCIENCE CL ASS X
l

n
Synopsis: To provide the essence of a chapter in a nutshell
Previous Contest Problems: Problems appeared in various Strong Foundation for
l
Sa le
talent & olympiad exams
l Crossword Puzzles: To stimulate the mind to think beyond Better Results
e ta
regular preparation & to offer fun
Olympiad Mock Test
l Solutions: Solutions and explanations for maximum no. of
questions
20-20 Series
re a

l Questions @ Stimulating Minds: Selected questions to More Practice -

challenge your higher order thinking More Score
(F bm.
w
w
w

www.bmatalent.com
YOUR
SOLD Over
3.6 Million
COACH
India’s FIRST scientifically designed portal
for Olympiad preparation
• Olympiad & Talent Exams preparation packages copies of this series
• Analysis Reports • Previous question papers
• Free Demo Packages • Free Android Mobile App
since the 1st Edition
Get 15% discount on all packages by using the discount coupon code: KR157N
Brain Mapping Academy
Revised Edition
A unique opportunity to take about 50 tests per subject.