Statistics and Probability

Exercise # 1
Solve and show your complete solution.
1. If a pair of dice is tossed. How many elements are there in the sample space. Determine
the random variable and possible outcomes given the sum of 7, 9, 10, 11.

SAMPLE SPACE

Pair of Dice = 2 dices, 6 faces

Since there are two dices who have six faces, multiply 6 to 6. The total number of elements
there in the sample space is 36.

POSSIBLE OUTCOMES:
{ (1, 1), (1, 2), (1, 3), (1, 4), (1, 5), (1, 6), (2, 1), (2, 2), (2, 3), (2, 4), (2, 5), (2, 6), (3, 1), (3, 2),
(3, 3), (3, 4), (3, 5), (3, 6), (4, 1), (4, 2), (4, 3), (4, 4), (4, 5), (4, 6), (5, 1), (5, 2), (5, 3), (5, 4),
(5, 5), (5, 6), (6, 1), (6, 2), (6, 3), (6, 4), (6, 5), (6, 6) }

SUM OF 7
The possible outcomes of the two dices landing on faces that will have a sum of 7 are:
{ (1, 6), (2, 5), (3, 4), (4, 3), (5, 2), (6, 1) }
All in all, there are 6.

Let X be the Values of the Random Variable.

TABLE:
Possible Outcomes Values of the Random Variable X

1, 6 1

2, 5 1

3, 4 1

4, 3 1

5, 2 1

6, 1 1
X=1
SUM OF 9
The possible outcomes of the two dices landing on faces that will have a sum of 9 are:
{ (3, 6), (4, 5), (5, 4), (6, 3) }
All in all, there are 4.

Let X be the Values of the Random Variable.

TABLE:
Possible Outcomes Values of the Random Variable X

3, 6 1

4, 5 1

5, 4 1

6, 3 1
X=1

SUM OF 10
The possible outcomes of the two dices landing on faces that will have a sum of 9 are:
{ (4, 6), (5, 5), (6, 4) }
All in all, there are 3.

Let X be the Values of the Random Variable.

TABLE:
Possible Outcomes Values of the Random Variable X

4, 6 1

5, 5 1

6, 4 1
X=1

SUM OF 11
The possible outcomes of the two dices landing on faces that will have a sum of 9 are:
{ (5, 6), (6, 5) }
All in all, there are 2.
Let X be the Values of the Random Variable.

TABLE:
Possible Outcomes Values of the Random Variable X

5, 6 1

6, 5 1
X=1

CONCLUSION:
For all of the possible outcomes to get a sum of 7, 9, 10, and 11, their possible values for the
random variable X is 1.

2. The product of two numbers taken from two boxes containing 0 to 5. Find the values of
random variable Z.

In two boxes, there are 6 numbers: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5. Since we will be only taking 2 numbers
to get their product, there is a total of 36 possible outcomes of the taken two numbers from the
two boxes. The random variable Z is the product of the two numbers taken from the two boxes.

Possible Outcomes Values of the Random Variable Z

0, 0 0

0, 1 0

0, 2 0

0, 3 0

0, 4 0

0, 5 0

1, 0 0

1, 1 1

1, 2 2

1, 3 3
1, 4 4

1, 5 5

2, 0 0

2, 1 2

2, 2 4

2, 3 6

2, 4 8

2, 5 10

3, 0 0

3, 1 3

3, 2 6

3, 3 9

3, 4 12

3, 5 15

4, 0 0

4, 1 4

4, 2 8

4, 3 12

4, 4 16

4, 5 20

5, 0 0

5, 1 5

5, 2 10

5, 3 15

5, 4 20
 5, 5 25
Z = 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 12, 15, 16, 20, 25

The values of the Random Variable Z are 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 12, 15, 16, 20, and 25.

3. Suppose four coins are tossed. Let Z be the random variable representing the number of
tails that occur. Find the values of the random variable Z.

A coin has two faces: head or tail. If there are four coins, then the sample space would be 16; and
letting Z be the random variable representing the number of tails that will occur in the 16
possible outcomes, we would get the values of the random variable Z.

Possible Outcomes Values of the Random Variable Z

TTTT 4

TTTH 3

TTHH 2

THHH 1

TTHT 3

THTT 3

HTTT 3

THHT 2

THTH 2

HTHT 2

HTHH 1

HHTH 1

HTTH 2

HHTT 2

HHHT 1
 HHHH 0
Z = 0, 1, 2, 3, 4

The values of the Random Variable Z are 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4.