mQcH' b¨flafj, Oïur;k ysñ ^Ydia;%fõ§ ^f.!

rj&" Ydia;%m;s" o¾Ykm;s&"

lÓldpd¾h"
fn!oaO o¾Ykh wOHhkdxYh"
Y%S ,xld fn!oaO yd md,s úYajúµd,h'

wrEmrd. ixfhdackh
ks¾jdK.dó ud¾.h wkq.ukh lrk fhda.jprhd rEmdrd. ixfhdack ì|oud
wrEmrd. ixfhdack ì|±óu i|yd wkq.uh lrkq ,nk m%;smodjka ms<sn|j ;s%msgld.;
fuka u mYapd;a fmgl .%ka:d.;j o lreKq ±lafjhs'

fida;dm;a;s u.a. is; my<ùu;a iuÕ ilaldhÈÜÀ" úÑlsÉPd" iS,ín;mrdudi hk

uQ,sl ixfhdack ;=k m%ySK fjhs' ldurd. yd jHdmdo hk ixfhdackhkaf.a n,h wvla
is£fuka ilod.dñ is; o tu ixfhdackhka fol iuQ, jYfhka m%ySK lsÍfuka wkd.dó
is; o Wmojd.; yelsh' ta wkqj TrïNd.sh ixfhdack my iïmQ¾Kfhka m%ySK lsÍfuka
wkd.dó is; Wmodjd.; yelsh' WoaOïNd.sh jYfhka i|yka flfrk ixfhdack my
m%ySK lsÍfuka wry;a is; Wmojd.; yelsh' fuh wNsO¾ñlhla úiska ksjka u. meyeÈ,s
lr§u i|yd fhdod .kakd jvd úêu;a jQ ms<sfj< hs'

wrEmdrd. ixfhdackhg oi ixfhdack w;r ysñjkafka y;ajk ia:dkh hs'

TrïNd.sh iy WoaOïNd.sh jYfhka fuu ixfhdackfhda fofldgils' 1 ta wkqj
WoaOïNd.ssh hg;g wh;a jk fojk ixfhdackh fuu wrEmrd. ixfhdach hs'2
wdldidk[apdh;kd§ iuj;a u.ska ,nk iqjh ms<sn| we,au wrEmrd. hhs' tys we,au we;s
fkdfldg f.k Ndjkd jvk fhda.djprhdyg wry;a M,h Wmodj.ekSug yels fõ'

fuu ixfhdack w;=frka WoaOïNd.sh ixfhdackhkaf.a m%ydKh i|yd wkq.ukh

l< yels mshjr lsysmhla fm< oyfuka yuq fõ'

1. i;r i;smÜGdkh jeãu3

2. i;r iïumaOdk jeãu4
3. i;r boaêmdo jeãu5
4. m[ap bkaøshka jeãu6
5. m[ap n, jeãu7
6. ima; fndÊCOx. jeãu8
7. wd¾h wIaGdx.sl ud¾.h jeãu9

Wla; m%;smodjka iQ;%msglfha úúO iQ;%hkays olajd we;;a tla iQ;h

% l§ fuu lreKq
ish,a, olajd fkdue;s nj meyeÈ,sh' kuq;a fuu lreKq y; ima;sia fndaêmdCIsl O¾u
jk fyhska ta ms<sn| uydmßksíndk" idu.du jeks iQ;%j, olajd we;' úfYaIfhka u
uydmßksíndk iQ;%fhaa § hï;dla NsCIQyq ima;i s a-fndaêmdCIsl-O¾u jv;a o ta;dla fï
Ydikh ry;=kaf.ka ysia fkdjk nj olajd we;'

Ñ;a; ldKavhg wh;a is;a 89 w;=ßka is;a 12 la wrEmdjpr N+ñhg wh;a fõ' kej;
tu is;a l=Y," úmdl yd l%shd jYfhka ;=ka wdldr fyhska tla ldKavhlg wh;a is;a
ixLHdj y;rls'

1. wdldidk[apdh;k is;
2. ú[a[dK[apdh;k is;

1
 3. wdls[ap[a[dh;k is;
4. fkji[a[dkdi[a[dh;k is;10

wdldidk[apdh;kh

i;r n%yau úydrhkg wk;=rej i;r wrEm OHdkhka w;=frka m<uqjk

wdldidk[apdh;k OHdkh jvkq leu;s fhda.djpr f;fïg fufia is;a fõ'

zzrEmh fya;=fldg f.k furud fm<Su msKsi o~q-uq.=re .ekSu o" lvq-ÿkq
wd§ wdhqO .ekSu o" Tjqfkdjqka yd lrk l,y ú.a.y újdofhda o" mefk;a
u h' ta ish,a, i¾jm%ldrfhka wrEmS Njfha ke;ehs o" fufia kqjKska
i,ld bIagdksIag ish¨ rEmhkaf.a u l,lsÍu msKsi" úrd.h msKi s "
11
ksfrdaOh msKsi ms<smkafka fjhs'ZZ

rEmh blaujd ,nd .kakd wrEmdjpr OHdkh ika; úfudCL kï fõ' rEmdjpr
p;=¾:OHdkhfhys ^iQ;% msglhg wkqj& wd§kj olsk fhda.S f;fï wdldidk[apdh;k
OHdkh Ydka; jYfhka o" wkka; jYfhka o" fufkys fldg ilaj, wjika fldg fyda
lisKdf,dalh m;=rejd thska zwyi-wyiZ hehs lshd fyda zwkka;dldiZ hehs lshd fyda ta
lisKdf,dalh W.=¿j hs'12 fufia lghq;= lrk tu fhda.djprhd wdldidk[apdh;k
OHdk Ñ;a;h Wmodj.kS' úY=oaê ud¾.h ta nj Wmudjlska fufia meyeÈ,s lrhs'

zzfufia wrEmdjpr OHdkh Wmka l,ays uqÿfkys mgka jeiQ isúld§

hdkfhl fyda l=vd fodrgqfjl fyda l<fhl fyda uqLhla ks,a" rkajka" r;="
iqÿ" wE meye we;s tla;rd frÈ lene,a,lska ne| n,k mqreIfhla jd;
fõ.fhka fyda fjkhï lsisjlska myj .sh l,e wyi ue n,ñka hïfia
isà o@ tfia ta fhda.S f;fï fmr kS,-mS;d§ hïlsis lisKhlska Wmojd .;a
lisK uKav,h Wmpdr OHdk keue;s weiska n,ñka isg zzwdldi lisK
heZZ zzwdldi heZZ hk fï mßl¾u ukialdrfhka jyd ta lisK ksñ;a;
myj .sh l,ays wrEmdjpr OHdk keue;s weiska n,ñka jdih flf¾'ZZ13

wldidk[apdh;k OHdkh Wmojd.;a fhda.djpr f;fï rEm ix{dj we;

hkd¾:fhka úúO ix{d jYfhka fufkys fkdfldg wdldYh wkka; hehs
wdldidk[apdh;kh jvñka lghq;= lrhs'14

ú[a[dK[apdh;kh

wdjÊckd § hk m[apúO jYS;djfhka wdldidk[apdhk iudm;a;sh mqreÿ lrk

fhda.djprhd bkamiq wdldidk[apdh;kfhys wd§kj ±k ta ms<sn| we;s leue;a; w;yer
ú[a[dk[apdh;kh ukdj fufkys lrhs' zú[a[dKh wkka;z hehs lshd fyda
zú[a[dKh ú[a[dKhZ hehs lshd fyda fufkys lrhs'15 tys m%;sM,hla jYfhka
ú[a[dK[apdh;k OHdk is; fhda.shd úiska Wmojd .kS'

wdls[ap[a[dh;kh

ú[a[dK[apdh;kh wdjÊckd § mia whqrlska jvk fhda.S f;u tys wd§kj olS'
bkamiq wdls[ap[a[dh;k kï jQ OHdhg iuje§u i|yd ú[a[dKhdf.a wNdjh"
Y+kH;ajh fufkys lrhs' tfia kej; kej; isyslrk fhda.shdf.a isf;ys kSjrKfhda
myfj;s' isysh msysghs' Wmpdr jYfhka is; iudê.; fjhs' ta wkqj
ú[a[dK[apdh;khdf.a Y+kH Ndj ixLHd; wruqfKys wdls[ap[a[dh;k OHdk is;
msysghs'16
2
 fï i|yd Wmudjla úY=oaê ud¾.fhys thss' hï lsis mqoa.,fhla O¾u Yd,dfjys
/iaj yqka NsCIQka jykafia ±l lsishï lghq;=;la i|yd neyer fjhs' kej; Tyq meñKs úg
tu NsCIQka ;uka meñKs ldrKh ksujd wdmiq msgj f.dia we;s nj olS' fuys § fuu
mqoa.,hd olskafka ysi jQ Yd,dj muKs' isÿ jQ lsisjla ms<sn| Tyq ±k fkd.kS'17 tfuka u
Ndjkd jYfhka zkFÓ kFÓZ hehs fufkys lsÍfuka ta ú[a[dKh myj .sh úg ta myùu
u n,ñka isà' th l=ulska myj.sfha ±hs fyda fld;eklg .sfha ±hs fyda fkdn,hs'

fkji[a[dkdi[a[dh;kh

wdjÊckd§ mia whqrlska wdls[ap[a[dh;k OHdkfhys jYS njg m;a fhda.S f;u
tys w§kjh ±l fkji[a[dkdi[a[dh;k OHdkh jvkq leu;s fjhs' kej; kej;
wdls[ap[a[dh;k iudm;a;sh u zYdka;Z hehs m%;HfõCId lrk ta fhda.djprhdf.a is;ays
kSjrKfhda myfj;s' WmpdrOHdkfhka is; tlÕ fõ' bkamiq
fkji[a[dkdi[a[dh;k OHdk is; w¾mKd jYfhka ukdj Wm§' fuf;lska ta
fhda.djpr f;u zwdls[ap[a[dh;k OHdk is; blaujd fkji[a[dkdi[a[dh;khg
meñK jdih lrhsZ'18

fuu fkji[a[dkdi[a[d OHdkh meyeÈ,s lsßu i|yd úY=oaê ud¾.h fhdod

f.k we;s Wmudj fufiah'

tla idufKar ysñ kula úiska m<uq Èkfha § md;%fhys f;,a .,ajd ;ekam;a lrk
,È' miqod W±ik le| j<ok msKsi f;rekajykafia md;%h /f.k tk f,i mejiQ úg
tys f;,a we;s nj mejiSh' f;rekajykafia f;,a we;akï th .=,djg jlalrk f,i
mejiQy' túg idufKar ysñ mejiQfha f;,a ke;s njhs' ñka meyeÈ,s jkafka md;%fhys
f;,a we;s nj;a th .=,dfjys jelalsÍug ;rï m%udKj;a fkdjk nj;a h' ta wkqj
T!odßl ix{d lD;H lsÍug wiu¾: fyhska fkji[a[d jqj o" ixialdrdjfYaI iQCIu
Ndjfhka hq;= fyhska kdi[a[d kï jk nj o; hq;=hs'19

m%:u wrEm OHdkfhys wNdjfhka fojk OHdkh o bkamiq tys wNdjfhka ;=kajk
OHdkh o ,nd isõjkqj fkji[a[dkdi[a[dh;kOHdkhg fhda.jprhd meñfKa' kuq;a
isõjk wrEm OHdkh Ydka; jYfhka fufkys l< o blauùula ke;' fuh Wmudjlska
fufia h'

uy;a jQ rdcdkqNdjfhka wiq msg ke.S kqjr ùÓfhys yeisfrk uyrc;=ud we;ao;a
leghï Ys,amsfhl= ±l meye§ m%Yxid fldg ;E.s o fohs' kuq;a rc;=ud rcH w;yer oud
f.dia tjka Ys,amsfhl= ùug woyia fkdlrhs' fkji[a[dkdi[a[dh;kh ms<sn|j o
tfia u o;hq;= h'20

wrEmOHdkfhys m%;s> ^má>& ix{dj m%ySK l< fyhska wrEm iudm;a;s ,dîyq
zwdfk[acdNs ixialdrhyZ hs o" zYdka; úfudCIhyZ hs o lsh;s' fï i|yd ksoiqka f,i
wrEm OHdkhg iujka wd<drld,du f;fï ;ud <Õska u .uka .;a .e,a fkdÈà u" Yíoh
fkd weiSu yd bka fkdke.sàu fmkajd Èh yelsh' fuu OHdkhg iujeÈ úg Tjqkaf.a
fufkys lsÍula ke;s fyhska zkdk;a; i[a[dkx wukisldrdZ hs olajd we;' kuq;a fuu
OHdkhg iuje§ fkdisák úg tu fhda.shdyg kdkd;aj ix{d w;=frka is;a 27 la WmÈk
nj úY=oaê ud¾.h fmkajd fohs'21 tkï(

1. ldudjpr l=i,a is;a 08

2. ufkdaoajdrd jÊck is; 01
3. wfya;=l l=i, úmdl is;a 08
4. f,daN is;a 08
5. fuday is;a 02
3
 wrEmdjpr l=Y,h uk#l¾uuh h' th Ndjkduh h' w¾mKdm%dma; h' wdrïuK
fNaofhka p;=¾úO h'22 wrEmdjpr l=Y,h l%ufhka jeãfuka wrEm N+óka ys WmÈhs'23 ta ta
N+ñhg kshu lrk ,o uyoa.; l=Y,h m%;sikaê m%jD;a;s folays ;ud yd iudk jQ úmdlh
Wmoj hs' i;r wdrEmH m%;sikaëyq wkqj tu N+ñka ys jhiam%udKh fufia h'

1. wdldik[apdhkQm.; foúhkaf.a wdhq#m%udKh l,am úisoyils'

2. ú[a[dK[apdhkQm.; foúhkaf.a wdhq#m%udKh l,am i;<siaoyils'
3. wdls[ap[a[dhkQm.; foúhkaf.a wdhq#m%udKh l,am iegoyils'
4. fkji[a[dkdi[a[dhkQm.; foúhkaf.a wdhq#m%udKh l,am iqjdiQoyils'24

tfia u wrEmdjpr m%;sikaêhg m%{ma;s jQ l¾u ksñ;a; u wruqKq fõ' 25

wix{i;ajhkayg Ôú; kjl rEm l,dmh u m%;sikaêNdjfhka msysghs' wrEmS i;a;ajfhda
s kaêlfhda h'26 wrEmdjpr OHdkfhka
wrEmm%;sikaêlfhda h' fiiafida rEmdrEm m%;i
Wmokd m%;s> ix{djka fkdue;s fyhska m%ydKfhka yd fkd bmoùfuka wNdjh isoaO fõ'

wdldYj¾ð; lisKhka w;=frka hïlsis lisKhla W.=¿jd ,enQ wdldYh wkka;

jYfhka mßl¾u lrkakdyg m%:udremHh Wmofka h' ta m%:udremH ú{dkh u wkka;
jYfhka Ndjkd lrkakdyg oaú;ShdremHOHdkh Wmofka h' m%:udremH ú{dkhdf.a
wNdjh jkdys zk;aÓls[aÑZ hs mßl¾u lrkakdyg ;D;ShdremHh Wm§' ;D;ShdremH
ú{dkh zfuh Ydka;h fuh m%KS;hZ hs Ndjkd lrkakdyg p;=¾:drEmHh Wm§'27

fufia rEmOHdk,dNS ta fhda.S f;u bkslaì;sj ta m%;sNd. ksñ;a; kï jQ lisK

rEmh flfrys mej;s rEm ix{dj i¾jm%ldrfhka blaujd m%;> s ix{dj ÿre fldg
kdkd;aj ix{djka fufkys fkdlsÍfuka ta lisK uKav,fhys mej;s wdldYh wruqKq
fldgf.k zwkkaf;d wdldfidZ hs wkka;dldYh u fufkys lrñka Ndjkd lrkqfha
wdldidkd[apdh;k kï jQ m<uqjk wrEmoaOHdkh o" ta wk;a;dldYh u fufkys lrñka
Ndjkd lrkqfha wdldidk[apdh;k kï jQ m<uqjk wrEmoaOHdkh o" ta wk;a;dldY
ksñ;a; o yermshd tys mej;s ú{dkh wruqKq fldg zwkka; ú[a[dKxZ hs wkka; ú{dk
hhs u fufkys lrñka Ndjkd lrkqfha ú[a[dK[apdh;k kï jQ fojk wrEmoaOHdkh
o" ta OHdk foflysu wruqKq jQ wdldY ú{dk fofokdf.a lsisjla ke; hkak wruqKq
fldg f.k zkFÓ ls[aÑZ hs fufkys lrñka Ndjkd lrkqfha wdls[ap[a[dh;k kï jQ
f;jk wrEmoaOHdkh o tys mej;s T!odßl kqjQ;a iQCIu jQ;a ú{dkh wruqKq fldg f.k
Ndjkd lrkqfha fkji[a[dkdi[a[dh;k kï jQ i;r jk wrEmoaOHdkh o ms<sfj<ska
wê.u lrkafka h'

fufia wrEmoaOHdk ,dNsjQ ta fhda.S f;u u;af;ys kdu rEm O¾uhkaf.a h:dN+;
{dko¾Ykh jQ oDIaá úY=oaêh imhkq i|yd ;ud m%;s,íO jQ ta úo¾Ykdmdol
p;=¾;a:doaOHdkfhka ke.sg ta OHdk iycd; ú;¾ld§ OHdkdx. yd ;;aim%hqla; O¾uhka
o ,CIK ri m%;Hqmia:dk moia:dk úiska ukd j úuid ±k fï ish¨ Ñ;a; ffp;isl
O¾ufhda zwruqK lrd kefuk fyhska kdu O¾u fj;sZ hs fjkafldg" fï kdu O¾uh jQ
l,s l=ula weiqre fldg mj;afka ±hs úuikqfha Bg ksY%h jQ yDoh jia;= rEmh olafka h'

ta jia;= rEmh o l=ula ksid mj;afka ±hs u;af;ys o úuikqfha thg ksY%h jQ i;r
uyd N+; rEmhka yd Tjqka weiqre fldg mj;akd fiiq Wmdodh rEmhka o olafka h' fufia
fï mxpialkaOh kdu rEm mq[ac ud;% uq;a fuys i;a;aj mqoa.,d§ úiska mrud¾: jYfhka
.;hq;= idr nfjla ke;af;a u h' fufia oDIaá úY=oaê" låldú;rK úY=oaê"
ud¾.{dko¾Yk úY=oaê" m%;smod{dko¾Yk úY=oaê úiska wks;H ÿ#L wkd;au jYfhka u
olafka ;okka;r j {dko¾Yk úY=oaê m%;s,dNfhka fY%d;dm;Hd§ i;r ud¾.
M,dê.ufhka f,dfld;a;r OHdkh o wê.u lrkafka hs'28
4
 wrEmdjpr OHdk ms<sn| wjOdkh fhduq lsÍfï § meyeÈ,s jk lreK jkafka ta
ms<sn| fm, oyfuys olajd we;af;a b;d w,am lreKq njhs' fï ms<sn|j wjOdkh fhduq
l< úoaj;=ka w;r wfhls mQcH f.dakfoKsfha m[a[dr;k ysñ' Wkajykafiaf.a woyi
fufia h'

zzwd,drld,du" Woaolrdumq;a; hk wdpd¾hjreka f.ka ,o [dK WmldÍ

lrf.k ta wkqj hñka ^f.da;uhka jykafia& nqoaO;ajhg m;a jQjd kï
nqÿrÿka iïudiïnqoaO jkafka ke;' tfia u wd<drld,du yd Woaolrdumq;;a
hk ;dmijre rEmdjpr OHdk fyda wrEmdjpr m<uq yd fojk OHdk
Wmojdf.k isá njla iQ;%j, i|yka fkdfõ' Tjqka fuu OHdk
Wmojd.kakg we;af;a úúO fhda. wNHdij, fh§fuka úh hq;= h' Tjqka
tu OHdk Wmojdf.k isáhd kï fndai;dKka jykafiag i;dkqidÍ
[dKhla my< úh fkdyelsh' fuu wrEmdjpr OHdk ms<sn| j tl, Y%uK
iïm%odhhka ±k isá nj iq'ks' mdrdhk j.a. WmiSj m[ayfha § WmiSj
udkjlhdg wdls[ap[a[dh;kfhka flf,i ÿre lsÍu ms<sn| foaYkd
lsÍfuka o meyeÈ,s fjhs ^iq;a; ksmd;" mdrdhk j.a." WmiSj m[ay" 1977
nqcuq' 328 msgqj' wdls[ap[a[x fmCLudfkd i;Sud - kFÒ;s ksiaidh ;riaiq
T>x ldfu mydh úrf;d l:dys - ;KayCLhx k;a;uydNsmiai'&' tfy;a
nqÿrÿkaf.a m%Yxidjg ,la ù we;af;a rEmdjpr OHdk nj fmfka' wdkkao
f;reka f.daml fud.a.,a,dk nuqKdg m%ldY lrkafka o nqÿrÿka rEmdjpr
OHdk m%Yxid lrk njhs ^u'ks' 3' f.dmlfud.a.,a,dk iQ;%h&' wrEmdjpr
OHdkj, iajNdjh úuidne,Sfuka o tajd Rcqj ksjk b,lal lr fkdue;s
nj fmfka'ZZ29

nqoaO;ajh ,nd.ekSu i|yd wrEmdjpr OHdk Wmfhda.S jQfha ±hs we;s jk .eg¨jg
ms<s;=rla f,i f.dakfoKsfha m[a[dr;k ysñfhda fufia lreKq olaj;s'

zz''' Ndjkd jevQ fndai;dKka jykafiag ms<sfj<ska m<uq" fojk"

f;jeks yd isõjeks OHdk my< jQ w;r isõjeks OHdkfhka miq
Wkajykafiaf.a isg ;%súµdfõ m<uq [dKh jQ mqífíksjdidkqiai;sh
flfrys fhduq úh' ''' fï wkqj nqoaO;ajh i|yd wrEmdjpr OHdk WmldÍ
ù ke;s nj meyeÈ,s fjhs' '''ZZ

flfia jqj o úúO wjia:dj,§ nqÿcrdKka jykafia úiska foaYkd lrk ,o lreKq
wkqj ksjk i|yd wrEmdjpr uq,a OHdk ;=k muKla WmldÍ jk nj f.dakfoKsfha
m[a[dr;k ysñhka ms<sf.k we;'30

5
1
w'ks' 6" nq'c';%s'uq' msg' 32
oi budks NsCLfj ixfhdckdks" l;udks oi( c[afp TrïNd.shdks ixfhdckdks" m[apqoaOïNd.shdks
ixfhdckdks'

2
w'ks' 6" nq'c';%s'uq' msg' 32
l;udks m[apqoaOïNd.shdks ixfhdckdks( rEmrdf.d" wrEmrdf.d" udfkd" WoaOÉpx" wúÊcd'

3
i'ks' 5 ^1&" nq'c';%s'uq' msg' 344 - WoaOïNd.sh iQ;%h
bfuix fLd NsCLfj" m[apkakx WoaOïNd.shdkx ixfhdckdkx mydkdh p;a;dfrd i;smÜGdkd
Ndfj;índ'

4
i'ks' 5 ^1&" nq'c';%s'uq' msg' 432 -
wkqmamkakdkx mdmldkx wl=i,dkx Oïudkx wkqmamdodh Pkaox cfk;s jdhu;s úßhx wdrN;s Ñ;a;x
m.a.Kayd;s moy;s' Wmamkakdkx mdmldkx wl=i,dkx Oïudxk wkqmamdodh ''' wkqmamkakdkx
l=i,dkx Oïudkx Wmamdodh ''' Wmamkakdkx l=i,dkx Oïudkx À;shd wiïfudidh NSfhHdNdjdh
fjmq,a,dh Ndjkdh mdßmQßhd Pkaox cfk;s jdhu;s úßhx wdrN;s Ñ;a;x m.a.Kayd;s moy;s'

5
S.N. v., PTS, 309 -pkao úßh Ñ;a; ùuxid

6
i'ks' 5 ^1&" nq'c';%s'uq' msg' 424 -
m[aÑkaøshdks Ndfj;índks' ioaêkaøshx" úßhskaøshx" i;skaøshx" iudêkaøshx" m[a[skaøshx'

7
i'ks' 5 ^1&" nq'c';%s'uq' msg' 438 -
ioaOdn,x" úßhn,x" i;sn,x" iudên,x" m[a[dn,x Ndfj;s' úfjl ksiais;x" úrd.ksiais;x"
ksfrdOksiais;x" fjdiai.a.mßKsñx'

i'ks' 5 ^1&" nq'c';%s'uq' msg' 442 -

ioaOdn,x" úßhn,x" i;sn,x" iudên,x" m[a[dn,x Ndfj;s' ksíndkkskakx ksíndkfmdKx
ksíndkmíNdrx'

8
m[apkakx WoaOïNd.shdkx ixfhdckdkx wNs[a[dh mß[a[dh mßlaLdh mydkdh i;a; fndÊCOå.d
Ndfj;índ' i;s" Oïuúph" úßh" mS;s" miaioaê" iudê" WfmCLd'''

9
i'ks' 5 ^1&" nq'c';%s'uq' msg' 138 -
wßfhd wÜGå.sfld u.af.d Ndfj;índ'

10
wNsO¾ud¾: ix.%yh" f¾reldfka pkaoúu, uykdysñ" Y%S pkaoúu, O¾umqia;l ixrCIK uKav,h"
2005" msg' 19

11
úia:d¾: ikak iys; úY=oaê ud¾." fn!oaO ixialD;sl uOHia:dkh" foysj," 2004" msg' 420'$ u'ks'
ucCêumKaKdil 59 msg'

12
úia:d¾: ikak iys; úY=oaê ud¾." fn!oaO ixialD;sl uOHia:dkh" foysj," 2004" msg' 421'

13
- tu'

14
iín fid rEm i[a[dkx iu;slalud má> i[a[dkx wF:å.ud kdk;a; i[a[dkx wukisldrd
wkkaf;d wdldfid;s wdldidk[apdh;kx WmiïmÊc úyr;s'

15
úia:d¾: ikak iys; úY=oaê ud¾." fn!oaO ixialD;sl uOHia:dkh" foysj," 2004" msg' 428'

16
- tu' msg 430'

17
- tu' msg' 430'

6
18
iínfid wdls[ap[a[dh;kx iu;slalïu fkaji[a[d kdi[a[dh;kx WmïmÊc úyr;s'

19
úia:d¾: ikak iys; úY=oaê ud¾." fn!oaO ixialD;sl uOHia:dkh" foysj," 2004" 435'

20
- tu' msg' 433'

21
- tu' msg' 426'

22
wNsO¾ud¾: ix.%yh" f¾reldfka pkaoúu, uykdysñ" Y%S pkaoúu, O¾umqia;l ixrCIK uKav,h"
2005" msg' 83

23
- tu' msg' 85

24
- tu' msg' 79

25
- tu' msg' 87

26
- tu' msg' 89

27
- tu' msg' 135

28
m%ia:dk uyd m%lrK .; iQúis m%;Hh O¾u úNdúksh" hQ'î' rdclreKd" weï'ã' .=Kfiak iy iud.u"
fld<U' 11" 1969" msgq' 226-7

29
m%{d m%NdúkS" f.dakfoKsfha m[a[dr;k ysñ" 2010" msgqj' 91

30
- tu' msg' 92