Chapter II

Review of Related Literature and Studies

This chapter presents the relevant literature and study that researcher

considered in strengthening the importance and advantage of presents study. The

proponent present the literature reviews based on article, or any kind of resources

that can give guides on addition of knowledge and information and fully

understand the research for better comprehension study.

Scheduling systems are used by organizations to allocate and manage their

various resources adequately. These types of software are used to manage both

internal and external activity planning such as book events, schedule employees,

reserve rooms, coordinate the daily activities, and calendar.

https://www.rsgmedia.com/term/p/program-scheduling-system/

The Faculty Load System provides the ability to analyze and report faculty

loads against contract requirements. Faculty loads are defined in terms of Equated

Load Units (ELUs) which are the "units" faculty earn for teaching courses and for

performing non-instructional activities such as department chair and research.

https://inside.sou.edu/it/banner/fac-load-system.html
Foreign Studies

Information Systems are a tool to support information management. Information

systems are increasingly being used in organizations with the objective providing
competitive advantage. The information system used by organization can be grouped
into different types such as schedule viewing system, management information system,
decision support system, executive information system, expert systems and office
information system. Informationsystem is used specially on companies and schools to
provide information about the school faculty and company employees. The information
society maybe virtual society. A Schedule system helps and provides efficient and
reliable services to the students, enrollment personnel and administration. Moreover,
this system improved the process of searching of rooms and subject schedules.

According to Graysail (2010) For the past several years, the official of the faculty
senate have struggled with defining teaching loads at Gustavus for the purposes of
determining overload situation and staffing allocations. Several adhoc committees have
looked into the matter, without resolution. At least since the 1992-1993 school years,
the Registrar has tabulated “Faculty Load” data by department, including number of
sections (or contact hours) taught full time load (as determined by the department),
enrollment, and enrollment per faculty. (C.F. Niederriter, 2007) Faculty overloading has
been a known and documented problem since as long as the 1993 – 1992 school years,
this fact adds to the teacher’s work burden as well as their availability for fruitful
interaction with the students. Our proposed software will alleviate this burden and allows
the teacher more time teaching and interacting with the
student. This will allow the teacher to feel more job satisfaction as well giving thestudent
the feeling of a more personalized education within the system. Open standards
Appointment Scheduling System is primarily designed for Institutions of Higher
Education (IHE), but can easily being corporates into web solutions for a variety of
business lines. The core functionality of the system allows designating faculty and staff
to set schedule of availability and designate individuals enter the system and schedule
appointments as needed with the faculty and staff. Software with automatic scheduling
for teachers workload that can be easily access by faculty members will be handy to
everyone.

According to John Hop kin’s University (2011-2012)

 Homewood (John Hop kin’s University S.Y. 2011-2012) prioritize the schedule system
resource to be used as fully efficient as possible. The schedule system provides
equitable access to a variety of rooms, time management and faculty information, as
well as to provide the students to search more information on their own.

XBased on Southern California Community College (2012)

 The Southern California Community College Long Beach City College has gone live
with a Cognos -Based faculty and student scheduling management system that was
designed by Irvine, CA-base professional services firm e2e Analytics. Prior to installing
the new system. LBCC, which has two main campuses and multiple satellites that
support nine schools and 34 departments. The school’s scheduling management
system budgeting and planning up to three months to compile, consolidate, and
implement. Updating and checking of faculty and students Information was inspired by
the advancement of modern technology. 
The researchers gathered data necessary in the scheduling system for thesuccess of
the study providing benefit of the employees and students so they can have access and
have access and have the ability to manage information directly and conveniently

*Based on the study of Los Angeles College (2013),

Before the new semester of 2012 School Year, The Long Beach City College
 has gone live with a Cognos - Based faculty and students schedule management
system that was designed by Irvine, The schools schedule management system
planning and implement and updating and checking of faculty and students Information
was inspired by the advancement of modern technology. The schedule system
management is also used to view and give the access to the students search their
rooms, subjects and faculty members in the school.

https://www.academia.edu/9162628/
Chapter_2_Review_of_Related_Literature_and_Studies

Foreign literature

According to Dr. Dibon (2010) The study on a report on the Impact of Workload on
Teachers and Student’s stated that Teacher’s expressed concern that higher level of
frustration and stress due to a lack of assigned time to prepare classes can negatively
impact on their interactions with students. The lack of preparation time can also result in
classes that are not planned/prepared as well as they could be.
Further, when a teacher doesn’t have time to properly assess student work, in a timely
fashion, and has little time to provide tutorial classes, remedial work for students who
need extra help is often compromised. Having adequate preparation time is a critical
factor to a teacher satisfaction.
https://www.academia.edu/9162628/
Chapter_2_Review_of_Related_Literature_and_Studies

Based on C. F. Niederriter (April 1997, physics. edu) says for the past several years,
the Dean's office and the Faculty Senate have struggled with defining teaching loads
at Gustavus for the purposes of determining overload situations and staffing
allocations. Several ad hoc committees have looked into the matter, without resolution.
At least since the 1992-1993 school years, the Registrar has tabulated “Faculty Load”
data by department, including number of sections (or contact hours) taught full time load
(as determined by the department), enrollment, and enrollment per faculty.
Chapter 2 | PDF | System | Academic Term (scribd.com)

Gordon Smith, 2007) It is important to have a system or software that is

efficient, reliable and can adapt to different environment. Faculty loading done manually
is time consuming. In today’s society, the use of modern technology is widely used to
conserve time and energy. The use of computerized faculty loading will reduce the time
in scheduling a faculty workload. A school has a limited amount of classrooms, labs,
and lecture halls to hold courses in. Many full-time professors have only specialized
areas of expertise within which they can teach, and have limits to how many classes
they can take on. (Kevin Soule, 2007) A faculty loading software should have inputs of
the faculty information, their field of specialization, as well as the number of students
and classroom where the course should take place. Every course that is offered has a
set of parameters required to be assigned in order for it to be placed inside a schedule.

https://cipcommunity.org/essays/faculty-loading-system-643/

Cantonas, 2008) The need for a computerized system is very much essentials to
establishments, especially schools. It provide a great help when it comes to organizing
and speeding up process of work in offices. The schedule created by the scheduling
system can be analyzed, adjusted and rerun an unlimited number of times until the
desired results are achieved. The power of Scheduling system will greatly reduce the
time it takes to create school’s faculty schedules.
https://www.academia.edu/9162628/
Chapter_2_Review_of_Related_Literature_and_Studies