Antibiotics, minocycline, and fusidic acid were all effective against all bacteria, and

metronidazole was completely resistant; three strains showed multidrug resistance.

Different biotype and phylotype distributions corresponded to different

degrees of acne severity, with mild acne's biotype distribution varying from medium

acne's, and medium acne's phylotype distribution varying from chronic acne's.

Furthermore, between resistant and susceptible bacteria, there was no major

difference in biotype or phylotype variation. (Zhang et al., 2019).

Based on the phenolic and flavonoids level, antioxidant activity, antimicrobial

activity, and antibacterial characteristics, a study looked into the therapeutic use of

37 medicinal herb extracts as possible options for treating P. acnes.. In addition, the

objective of this research was to provide the base for developing a therapeutic

anti-inflammatory drug that is capable of making up for the shortcomings of the

traditional treatments for P. acnes.

Propionibacterium is an anaerobic bacteria that has 3 main species. These

are P. acnes, P. granulosum and P. avidum. Propionibacterium is resolved in many

ways. Cutibacterium or in other words Propionibacterium is vulnerable to β-lactams,

vancomycin and rifampin (Zeller et al., 2018). Propionibacterium also have the

Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats or also known as the

acronym CRISPR. This component greatly affects the efficacy of Bacteriophage to

the said bacteria (Jończyk-Matysiak et al., 2017).

According to the findings of this investigation of antimicrobial activity against

Propionibacterium acnes, The findings of methanol extracts of 14 therapeutic plants

were high. Compounds that can prevent or treat skin and oral disorders including

tooth decay and stomatitis can be discovered using medicinal plant extracts. The

antibacterial characteristics reported in C.flagelliferum and T. orientalis extracts might

possibly be used to treat periodontal disorders. In the broth dilution as well as disk

diffusion method , these plant extracts also showed strong antibacterial activity. (Choi

et al., 2021).

In the investigation of Mimosa pudica plant, where the safety of the total

tannin from the plant’s root extract was assessed. The biochemical markers,

cytotoxicity and histopathological experiments were conducted. In addition, the

general tannins were determined as well as its condensed and hydrolysable tannins

are examined as the root part of the Mimosa pudica. Moreover, the MPT or

N-methyl-N-propyltryptamine, were significantly high. While the ALT and AST have

no difference observed. The MPT or the cytotoxicity was assessed to have the

values of 0.119 mg mL–1 in vero and 0.0653 and MDCK cell lines. The result in the

histopathology of kidney and liver of the mice revealed that it has toxic effects when

used with a high concentration. In conclusion, When the MPT was utilized at its

greatest dose of 2.5 mg /ml, it does have some negative effects.. Regarding the old

doubt, the effects of tannins to the Mimosa pudica were concentration dependent.

Now, it is safe to take the required level of tannins before using because of the

provided warning (Vejayan, 2016).

Turmeric or another Ayurvedic medicinal plant has the anti-inflammatory, brain

function benefits, can fight against cancer and other claims (10 Best List of

Ayurvedic Medicinal Plants and Their Uses, 2021). Realizing that those claims are

the same with Mimosa pudica l.

 The n-hexane, water, chloroform and ethanol are also present in this plant

extract. After finding out the same components, it is now possible to use the result as

additional information regarding the ethanol, water, and chloroform.

The ethanol, water, n-hexane, and chloroform was tested as preservatives

and antibacterial agents against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli,

Salmonella typhi and Candida albicans through disc diffusion method. The samples

used were tested microbiologically including the total bacterial, total coliform, and

total fungal count. These samples were autoclaved for 5 minutes only and were

treated using the 1% or 2% turmeric extract. After 30 minutes, As a result of the

findings, the development of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus was

slowed. All microorganisms were effectively suppressed by autoclaving the methanol

extract samples at 121 degrees Celsius. Despite the fact that the chloroform and

n-hexane extracts did not exhibit any significant suppression of the bacteria.

Therefore the effectiveness of the Chloroform and n-hexane extracts were weak (Gul

& Bakht, 2015).

The antibacterial properties of methanolic extract of Mimosa pudica L. leaves

were studied in a study against seven germs that cause disease in humans.The

antibacterial ability of M. pudica leaf extracts in petroleum ether, formaldehyde, ethyl

alcohol, and methanol pudica were put to the test against seven distinct

microorganisms.
 (Vismayaviswan et al., 2019). Shameplant (Mimosa pudica) also inhibit

microbes and was proven to have different biological activities, it was proven to

reduce glucotoxicity and in relation to that it has antidiabetic activity and it was also

proven to have antibacterial activity against bacteria strains like Escherichia coli,

Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterobacter, Proteus, Staphylococcus saprophyticus,

Klebsiella, Enterococcus aureus, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus paratyphi,

and Staphylococcus boydii (Gowrishankar et al, 2021;Thi Lan et al, 2021;Mondol &

Islam, 2019). Shameplant (Mimosa pudica) is already known and proven to have

cured different kinds of diseases, and it is already used as an herbal extract in

healing illnesses increasing the potential of its inhibitory ability against other bacteria

strains like Propionibacterium.

Shameplant is an herb that is viewed as a garden risk, which is why they are

often removed and thrown away. People are not aware that this plant possesses a

lot of benefits. The Alkaloids found in the leaf extracts suggests that the plant can be

used in the treatment of different diseases such as malaria, asthma, diabetes, and

dementia. Mimosa pudica also has antioxidant, anti-aging, radical scavenger,

anti-leukemic, and vasodilator properties (Racadio, 2016). Shameplant was

established to remedy numerous disorders because of its bioactive compounds.

Mimosine, a pharmacological component of Mimosa pudica, has been proven

to inhibit cancer cell development. (Racadio, 2016; Vismayaviswan et.al, 2019;

Durgadevi & Karthika, 2018). The extracts of Mimosa pudica also exhibited

significant antibacterial activity (Vijayalakshmi & Udayakumar, 2018; Sultana &

Hossain, 2019; Durgadevi & Karthika, 2018). The methanolic extracts of Mimosa

pudica's leaf has been found to be efficient against all other gram positive and

pathogenic bacteria.
 Mimosa pudica's extract has an antioxidant effect (Huang et al., 2021;

Durgadevi & Karthika, 2018). It simply means that it can aid in limiting the damage

caused by free radicals. Vijayalakshmi & Udayakumar (2018) also stated in their

research that the plant can act as an anxiolytic agent. Aside from that, several

studies have already confirmed that the plant extract has an antifungal and

antimicrobial effect. (Huang et al., 2021; Amengialue et al., 2016; Durgadevi &

Karthika, 2018). The extract has been found to stop the growth of bacterias, viruses,

protozoans, and fungi.

Mimosa pudica has been reported to contain different secondary metabolites

such as flavanoids, alkaloids, and tannins (Racadio, 2016; Vismayaviswan et. al,

2019; Durgadevi & Karthika, 2018; Sultana & Hossain, 2019; Huang et al., 2021;

Amengialue et al., 2016). These metabolites may be the bioactive chemical

compounds that are accountable for Mimosa pudica's bactericidal activity. It was also

noted that the plant has phenolic compounds, nitrogen-containing compounds,

sitosterols, and fatty compounds (Vismayaviswan et. al, 2019).

In addition, Shameplant (Mimosa pudica) was discovered to have zinc

acetate, polyphenol and dihydrate (Huang et al., 2021). Some phytochemicals such

as saponins, steroids, and terpenoids were also quantitatively and qualitatively

examined (Durgadevi & Karthika, 2018). Therefore, these additional findings imply

that Mimosa pudica obtains several phytoconstituents.