PRACTICE TEST 1 – ESC 20

SECTION I: LISTENING (50/200)

Part 1. Listen carefully and complete the form below. Write your answer in the given space. (10 points)

Pinder’s Animal Park

Enquiries about temporary work
Personal Details:
Name: Jane (1) ………………………
Address: 42 West Lane, Exeter
Telephone number: 07792430921
Availability: Can start work on (2) ……………………….
Work details:
Preferred type of work: Asistant cook
Relevant skills: Familiar with kitchen (3) ………………………..
Relevant qualifications: A (4) ……………………….. certifcate
Training required: A First Aid course
Referee: Dr Ruth Price
Position: (5) ………………………..
Phone number: 0208685114
Other: Application has a form of color blindness

Part 2. Listen carefully and choose the correct answer. Write your answer in the numbered boxes.
(10 points)
1. EEA stands for ____
A. European Economic Area B. European Ecology Area
C. European Economic Association D. European Ecology Association
2. How many maximum hours per week do non-EEA citizens whose course lasts more than 6 months can
work during term-time?
A. 20 hours B. 12 hours C. 22 hours D. 32 hours
3. What is the prohibition on working applying to non-EEA citizens whose course lasts 6 months or less?
A. They can work different part-time job.
B. They can begin their placement before getting stamp changed
C. They are not allowed to work at all.
D. They can get permanent full-time position
4. How can the spouse or child of a non-EEA student can work?
A. if they have a stamp that does not mention employment.
B. if they are 16
C. if you have passport stamp
D. if you begin your placement before getting stamp changed.
5. These special rules apply to ____
A. doctors, dentists B. doctors and nurses
C. doctors, dentists and nurses D. dentists and nurses

Your answers
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

Part 3. You ae going to hear a conversation between and a man and a researcher. Listen carefully
and decide these statements are true or false. Write A for true and B for false in the numbered boxes.
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(10 points)
1. Mr William Class is the Minitry of Culture.
2. Mr William Class can earn 24 - 36 pounds each month.
3. He is living with her girlfriend in a flat which is over 200 sq.m.
4. His future residence may cost from 50,000 pounds to 200,000 pounds.
5. The government and private company are involved in the Haydon housing project

Your answers
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

Part 4.You will hear an archaeologist talking about her job. Complete the sentences with NO MORE
THAN 3 WORDS for each space. (20 points)
Anna first thought she'd like to be an archaeologist after she saw a (1)……………………..
Anna prefers archaeology to history because it is a (2)…………………… activity.
Recently Anna and her colleagues found a (3)…………………… in London.
Much of Anna's time is spent dealing with the (4)……………………produced by other archaeologists,
One of Anna's responsibilities is to check that the (5)…………… and ……………of the excavation are in
the right place.
After cleaning the piece she has found, Anna has to (6)…………………… it.
Anna finds it interesting to clean an old wall because she may learn (7)………… and……….. it was built
Anna particularly dislikes working in (8)…………………… because they are hot and dusty
Archaeologists use scientific techniques to find out about the (9)…………………… of people in past
centuries.
The Archaeology Service is often involved in helping (10)…………………… to understand the law

SECTION II: LEXICO – GRAMMAR (50/200)

Part 1. Choose the best answer to each of the following questions. Write your answer in the
numbered boxes. (20 points)
1. I ____ my eyes around the room but could not see her.
A. flung B. tossed C. threw D. cast
2. I know we're told to shuck our routines and live spontaneously, but I’m ___ - it’s just easier when you
know exactly how each day will pan out.
A. a nasty piece of work B. a creature of habit C. a soft touch D. clock-watcher
3. Many modern refrigerators never need to be ___.
A. frosting B. frosty C. defrosting D. defrosted
4. Many old people don’t like change. They are very set in their ___.
A. lives B. habits C. routine D. ways
5. The river is just ___ in the dry season.
A. deep-knee B. knee-depth C. depth knee D. knee-deep
6. Although they hold similar political views, their religious beliefs present a striking contrast.
A. minor comparision B. interesting resemblance
C. significant difference D. complete coincidence
7. Of the two new teachers, one is experienced and ___.
A. the others are not B. another is experienced
C. the other is not D. other lacks experience
8. Owen's second goal was ____ because he was off-side.
A banned B. disqualified C. disallowed D. outlawed

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9. Lennon’s sardonic music with lyrics written in the first person, and McCartey’s songs that created
scenarios with off beat individuals, contributed to the character of the music produced by the group.
A. sceneries B. situations C. life stories D. love themes
10. My father often does ___ with people from other countries in the region.
A. finances B. business C. affair D. economy
11. There is too much ___ in this world.
A. greediness B. greed C. greedy D. greedness
12. Hotel rooms must be ___ by 10 a.m, but luggage may be left with the porter.
A. vacated B. evacuated C. abandoned D. left
13. He is one of the founders of the company so he has the rules ____
A. by his fingertips B. at his fingertips C. in his fingertips D. on his
fingertips
14. Jane: “Don’t forget to drop me a line when you settle down.” – Jack: “Trust me. ___”
A. I will. I’ll keep you in touch. B. I won’t. I’ll keep you posted.
C. I don’t. I’ll keep you in touch. D. I drop out a line qhen I settle down.
15. Mauritius was a British colony for almost 200 years, ___ the domains of administration and teaching,
the English language was never really spoken on the island.
A. barring B. besides C. but saving for D. with the
exception of
16. “Can I use your phone?” - “___”
A. I’m afraid so B. Might as well C. Be my guest! D. Serves you
right.
17. Laos has a land area ___ are members of hill tribes ensconced in the virtually inaccessible mountain
valleys of the north.
A. about the same as Great Britain but a population of only four million people, many of them
B. comparable to that of Great Britain but a population of only four million people, many of whom
C. comparable to the size of Great Britain, but only four million in population, and many of them
D. of about the same size as Great Britain is, but only four million in population, and many of whom
18. Medical privacy laws ___ of health care provides that they be careful with protected information.
A. conceive B. devise C. envisage D. require
19. We must be careful not to put the cart before the ____.
A. bull B. horse C. pony D. cabbage
20. Jimmy: “'What did Professor Spencer say when you asked him if the final exam could be postponed?
Kate: “He said that it was out of ____ because there's no time to reschedule the test.”
A. all proportion B. order C. the question D. reach
Your answers
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
11. 12. 13. 14. 15.
16. 17. 18. 19. 20.

Part 2. Identify and correct 10 erros in the passage. Write your answer in the numbered boxes
(10 points)
Line
1. Gambling was legalised in Nevada in 1931 to increase venue for the state. Today the
2. casinos are very all-important for the financial growth of Las Vegas. Bugsy Siegel, the
3. gangster and casino owner, is the developer we remember most. A Capone syndicate boss,
4. Siegel came to Las Vegas in the late 1930s and saw a potential gold mine in the book
5. operations that casinos used to get bets on horse races in Florida, New York, and California,
6. Offering his syndicate’s race-reporting Continental Wire Service to the bookbinders at a

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 7. lower price than any of the existing services, Siegel cornered the market. Then, in 1942, the
8. competition was eliminated, Siegel abruptly raised the prices and demanded a profit share
9. from each book. Without another souce for race results, and frightened by Siegel’s
10. connections to Capone, in which the casinos capitulated.
11. With the profits, Siegel started his own casino. The ambitious Flamigo Hotel was finished
12. in 1946. Situated on a strip of land along the Los Angeles Highway and designed to be an
13. elegant resort rather than a faux Western gambling hall, the Flamingo forever moved the
14. concentration of Las Vegas away from downtown. This helped the town assure of the succes
15. of gambling as its major industry. Freeing from the confinement of their Western heritage,
16. European-style casinos and resorts flourished in the years after 1946. Siegel was shot in a
17. gangland execution in 1947, but his legacy lives on in the gaudy formalism of casinos like
18. Ceasar’s Palace and The Sands.
Your answers
Line Mistake Correction Line Mistake Correction
1. 6.
2. 7.
3. 8.
4. 9.
5. 10.

Part 3. Fill in the blanks with proper prepositions or adverbial particles. Write your answer in the
numbered boxes. (10 points)
1. Roger took painting ____ for a while, but soon lost interest.
2. Josh can while ____ a whole day playing online computer games with his mates.
3. My boss is biased ____ me, which explains why I’ll never get promoted if I stay with his company.
4. Has your toothache passed _____ yet?
5. The two brothers set off in quest ______ gold.
6. The elaborate bridal costumes of the coastal Indians are handed _____ from mother to daughter.
7. You shouldn’t have sent Sebastian that Valentine’s card. I think you’ve scared him _______.
8. Don’t come ____ hard on the new workers.
9. Without any prior preparation, Peter sailed ____ his final exams.
10. He blacked _____ after working non-stop for three entire days.

Your answers
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

Part 4. Fill in each blank with the most suitable form of the word in brackets. Write your answer in
the numbered boxes. (10 points)
There is little to disagree about in the notion that a good voice, whether in opera or rock music, is one
that mvoes its audience and brings a sense of release and fulfilment to the singer. But comtemporary pop
and rock music have come about due to (1. sustance) ___________ advances in technology. Here, the
impact of the microphone should not be (2. estimate) ___________, as it has (3. able) ___________ the
magnification of quiet, intimate sounds. This, in turn, allows, the singer to experiment with the (4.
emphatic) ___________ on mood rather than on strict (5. adhere) ___________ to proper breathing and
voice control.
Donna Soto-Morettin, a rock and jazz vocal trainer, feels that (6. anatomy) ___________ reasons may
account for the raspy sound produced by certain rock singers. Her (7. suspect) ___________ is that swollen
vocal chords, which do not close properly, may allow singers to produce deeper notes. She does not,
however, regard this as detracting (8. notice) ___________ from the value of the sound produced. Singing,
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she maintains, has an almost (9. seduce) ___________ quality and so our response to it has more (10.
signify) ___________ than its technical qualities.

Your answers
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

SECTION III: READING COMPREHENSION (60/200)

Part 1: Read the passage below and decide which answer (A, B, C or D) best fits each gap. Write
your answer in the numbered boxes. (15 points)
From Land’s End, in southwestern England, to John O’Groats in Northeastern Scotland is 903 miles.
It’s a long way to walk or cycle, through the famously unpredictable British weather, but it’s the sort of
challenge that (1) _____ to people. Steve Watts, for example, joined a team which was cycling from one
end of the British Isles to the other as a way of (2) _____ money for charity. All went well on Steve’s trip,
which was very well-organized and he managed to complete the distance in eleven days. At least, he nearly
did. For when Steve got to within a mile of his (3) _____ destination, he was so overjoyed with his (4)
_____, that he invited one of his back-up team, a young female physiotherapist, to join him on the bike for
the last few meters. That’s when disaster (5) _____. Somehow the pair (6) _____ their balance and the bike
crashed to the ground. The next thing Steve knew was when he woke up in an ambulance on his (7) _____
to hospital. It was then that the awful truth hit him. He not only injured himself quite (8) _____, but he had
also failed to complete his journey after all. Fortunately, however, the organizers (9) _____ sorry for Steve
and decided to (10) _____ the fact that he hadn’t actually crossing the finishing line!

1. A. likes B. attracts C. enjoys D. appeals

2. A. doing B. raising C. fetching D. gaining
3. A. furthest B. latest C. terminal D. final
4. A. realization B. fulfillment C. achievement D. conclusion
5. A. shot B. struck C. burst D. broke
6. A. lost B. missed C. slipped D. spoilt
7. A. approach B. path C. travel D. way
8. A. badly B. heavily C. hardly D. strongly
9. A. said B. felt C. had D. got
10. A. neglect B. escape C. ignore D. reject

Part 2. Read the text below and think of the word which best fits each space. Use only ONE word in
each space. (15 points)
Many celebrated artists have found it hard to makes ends meet early on in their careers.
(1)____________a few well-known exceptions, however, (poor Van Gogh being perhaps the most famous
one) most went on to find recognition within their own lifetime. Picasso’s life story is the kind of rags-to-
riches tale which gives hope to many (2) ____________ unknown artist. In 1904, he was sharing a
draughty and primitive studio complex (3)____________thirty other artists. But by his death, he was a
multi-millionaire and probably the most celebrated modern artist ever. Nevertheless, (4)____________
every success story, there must be dozens of artists (perhaps some potential ‘greats’) who have endured a
lifetime (5) ____________ hardship in obscurity. Whether they were never recognized because their work
was out of sympathy with the prevailing fashion, or (6) ____________ they lacked talent, is impossible to
say. Most people see art (7) ____________ a vocation rather (8) ____________ a career. There may indeed
be some truth in the idea that artists need to (9) ____________ exceptionally dedicated to succeed, and
even relatively successful artists sometimes have (10) ____________ supplement their income by working
in other areas occasionally.

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Your answers
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

Part 3. Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer A, B, C or D. Write your answer in the
space provided. (15 points)
Suddenly intern ational trade has become a very controversial issue. When the representatives of
about a hundred states met in Uruguay to form the World Trade Organisation the response of the public in
general was a big yawn. Most people did not think that complicated agreements on things like import taxes
could have very much effect on their lives, and they were just not interested. How different it was at the last
meeting of the WTO in Seattle!
This time the delegates were met by a rainbow coalition of protesters, from members of trade
unions to anarchists and environmentalists. Many of the protests were passive and peaceful, or consisted
of demonstrators blocking roads and making it difficult for delegates to get to meetings. However, other
demonstrations were violent, and by the end of the first day, shop windows had been broken, cars wrecked
and police had fired tear gas at the demonstrators.
What was all the fuss about? The demonstrators themselves would not have been able to agree. The
environmentalists were afraid that looser trade laws would allow big business to work from countries
which allowed them to pollute the environment. Trade unions were afraid that cheaper labor in the third
world would take their jobs, and the anarchists were, well, just being anarchists.
So with all these objections why did anyone want to increase global trade anyway? Well, it is a fact
that the opening of the markets of the world, and world prosperity have increased together, and countries
that have closed their economies from outside trade, like India, have done much worse than open countries
like Thailand and Singapore.
So who is right? Perhaps both sides have a point. In any case at some time the two groups will have
to talk, so that agreement can be reached so that world trade can become freer while still meeting the
concerns of those opposed to it. But the sudden interest of ordinary people in world trade has been caused
by one thing - people realize that what is decided at these inter-government meetings can change their
lives; and not necessarily for the better.

1. This article is _______.

A. critical of efforts to liberalize world trade B. a discussion of the world economy
C. a review of the arguments about world trade D. about world trade and the environment
2. At the Uraguay talks _______.
A. the WTO was born B. 100 countries joined the WTO.
C. mainly import taxes were discussed D. the environment was not discussed
3. The author suggests that _______.
A. world trade has recently become controversial B. that the WTO is part of the United Nations
C. that demonstrations in Uruguay were peaceful D. world trade is unfair to many countries
4. The demonstrators were _______.
A. worried about the environment B. worried about their jobs
C. mainly anarchists D. concerned about different things
5. The advantage of world trade is that _______.
A. it gives businesses less environmental laws B. it helps countries to become richer
C. people can travel more easily D. it has helped countries like India and Singapore
6. The author thinks that _______.
A. the two sides will never agree
B. we must choose between free trade and the environment
C. the two sides must negotiate
D. the WTO should listen to its critics

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 7. The article concludes that _______.
A. now most people think world trade is important
B. world trade must become freer.
C. trade has been better for Thailand than for India
D. inter-government meetings interest ordinary people.
8. Where would you find this sort of article?
A. In a work of fiction B. In an economics magazine
C. In a political journal D. In an anarchist newsletter
9. Which word can replace the word coalition in paragraph 2?
A. coal mining B. coeducation C. combination D. coexistence
10. Anarchists in paragraph 2 are those who _______.
A. establish laws in a particular state.
B. excite revolts against the established rule, law, or custom.
C. believe in the current government.
D. promote order where necessary.

Your answers
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

Part 4. The reading passage below has SIX paragraphs, A-F. Reading the passage and do the tasks
below. (15 points)
Acquiring the principles of mathematics and science
A. It has been pointed out that learning mathematics and science is not so much learning facts as learning
ways of thinking. It has also been emphasised that in order to learn science people often have to
change the way they think in ordinary situations. For example, in order to understand even simple
concepts such as heat and temperature, ways of thinking of temperature as a measure of heat must be
abandoned and a distinction between ‘temperature’ and ‘heat’ must be learned. These changes in
ways of thinking are often referred to as conceptual changes! But now do conceptual changes
happen? How do young people change their ways of thinking as they develop and as they learn in
school?
B. Traditional instruction based on telling students how modem scientists think does not seem to be very
successful. Students may learn the definitions, the formulae, the terminology, and yet still maintain
their previous conceptions. This difficulty has been illustrated many times, for example, when
instructed students are interviewed about heat and temperature. It is often identified by teachers as a
difficulty in applying the concepts learned in the classroom; students may be able to repeat a formula
but fail to use the concept represented by the formula when they explain observed events.
C. The psychologist Piaget suggested an interesting hypothesis relating to the process of cognitive
change in children. Cognitive change was expected to result from the pupils’ own intellectual activity.
When confronted with a result that challenges their thinking - that is, when faced with conflict —
pupils realise that they need to think again about their own ways of solving problems, regardless of
whether the problem is one in mathematics or in science. He hypothesised that conflict brings about
disequilibrium, and then triggers equilibration processes that ultimately produce cognitive change.
For this reason, according to Piaget and his colleagues, in order for pupils to progress in their thinking
they need to be actively engaged in solving problems that will challenge their current mode of
reasoning. However, Piaget also pointed out that young children do not always discard their ideas in
the face of contradictory evidence. They may actually discard the evidence and keep their theory.
D. Piaget’s hypothesis about how cognitive change occurs was later translated into an educational
approach which is now termed ‘discovery learning’. Discovery learning initially took what is now
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 considered the ‘lone learner’ route. The role of the teacher was to select situations that challenged the
pupils’ reasoning; and the pupils’ peers had no real role in this process. However, it was subsequently
proposed that interpersonal conflict, especially with peers, might play an important role in promoting
cognitive change. This hypothesis, originally advanced by Perret-Clermont (1980) and Doise and
Mugny (1984), has been investigated in many recent studies of science teaching and learning.
E. Christine Howe and her colleagues, for example, have compared children’s progress in understanding
several types of science concepts when they are given the opportunity to observe relevant events. In
one study, Howe compared the progress of 8 to 12-year-old children in understanding what influences
motion down a slope. In order to ascertain the role of conflict in group work, they created two kinds
of groups according to a pre-test: one in which the children had dissimilar views, and a second in
which the children had similar views. They found support for the idea that children in the groups with
dissimilar views progressed more after their training sessions than those who had been placed in
groups with similar views. However, they found no evidence to support the idea that the children
worked out their new conceptions during their group discussions because progress was not actually
observed in a post-test immediately after the sessions of group work, but rather in a second test given
around four weeks after the group work.
F. In another study, Howe set out to investigate whether the progress obtained through pair work could
be a function of the exchange of ideas. They investigated the progress made by 12-15-year-old pupils
in understanding the path of falling objects, a topic that usually involves conceptual difficulties. In
order to create pairs of pupils with varying levels of dissimilarity in their initial conceptions the
pupils’ predictions and explanations of the path of falling objects were assessed before they were
engaged in pair work. The work sessions involved solving computer-presented problems, again about
predicting and explaining the paths of falling objects. A post-test, given to individuals, assessed the
progress made by pupils in their conceptions of what influenced the path of falling objects.

For questions 1-6, choose the correct heading for paragraphs A-F from the list of headings below
Write the correct number, i-ix.
List of Headings
i. A suggested modification to a theory about learning.
ii. The problem of superficial understanding.
iii. The relationship between scientific understanding and age.
iv. The rejection of a widely held theory.
v. The need to develop new concepts in daily life.
vi. The claim that a perceived contradiction can assist mental development.
vii. Implications for the training of science teachers.
viii. Evidence for the delayed benefits of disagreement between pupils.
ix. An experiment to assess the benefits of exchanging views with a partner.

1. Paragraph A …….
2. Paragraph B …….
3. Paragraph C …….
4. Paragraph D ….…
5. Paragraph E …….
6. Paragraph F …….

For questions 7-10, complete the summary below. Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from
the passage for each answer.
How children learn

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 Piaget proposed that learning takes place when children are (7)…………………. ideas that do not
correspond to their current beliefs. The application of this theory gave rise to a teaching method known
as (8)……………….. At first, this approach only focused on the relationship between individual pupils
and their (9)…………………… Later, researchers such as Perret-Clermont became interested in the
role that interaction with (10)………………. might also play in a pupil’s development.

SECTION IV: WRITING (40/200)

Part 1. (20 points)
Finish each of the following sentences in such a way that it means exactly the same as the sentence
printed before it.
1. He worked very hard, but he was unable to earn enough for his living.
Hard-working _____________________________________
2. “Nothing will persuade me to sleep in that haunted house,” she said.
She flatly_________________________________________
3. I was too scared to tell him what I really thought.
I lacked___________________________________________
4. The house shouldn’t be left unlocked for any reason.
On no ____________________________________________
5. Paul hates waiting for the bus.
Paul can't _________________________________________

Rewrite the following sentences with the given word. The given words can’t be changed.
6. The students in his class come from many different places, which makes the place very special. WIDE
___________________________________________
7. When I make my complaint, I hope that you will say you agree with me. BACK
___________________________________________
8. I forgot his birthday last week and do not know how to make it up to him. AMENDS
___________________________________________
9. She is likely to be shortlisted for the position. STANDS
___________________________________________
10. Don’t hesitate to make use of the library’s resources. AVAIL
___________________________________________

Part 2. Writing a paragraph. (20 points)

Some say that because many people are living much longer, the age at which people retire from
work should be raised considerably. To what extent do you agree or disagree? Write a paragraph (150-
200 words). Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge and
experience.
-------------- THE END ----------------

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 PRACTICE TEST 2 – ESC 20
A. LISTENING (50 points):
Question 1: Listen to the recording and complete the table below with ONE WORD AND/OR A
NUMBER for each answer. (10 points)

MOVING COMPANY SERVICE REPORT

Phone number: (1)…………………………………………………………
USA Address : 509 Clark House,
1137 (2)…………………………drive in Seattle
Packing day: Monday
Date: 11th (3)………………………………………………………..
Clean – up by: 5:00 p.m.
Day: (4)………………………………………………………..
About the Price: Rather expensive
Storage Time: (5) ……………………………………………………..

 Your answers
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

Question 2: Choose the correct letter A, B, C, or D. (10 points)

GENERAL COURSE DETAILS

1. What is the defining characteristic of a specialized course?
A. Taking a proficiency exam C. Attending the class immediately
B. Attending the class frequently D. Compulsory and regular
2. The Microbiology courses are available for………………..
A. full-time and flexible-time students. C. Microbiology students only.
B. full-time students only. D. students on a flexible schedule.
3. The Biology courses are available for………………
A. all students. C. flexible-time students only.
B. full-time students only. D. freshmen only.
4. A Medical Science course will be opened next year because…………………..
A. the lap equipment is too expensive. C. there are no computers.
B. the building is damaged. D. There are no experimental facilities.
5. Which is the quickest increasing subject in enrolment?
A. Medical Science B. Statistics
C. Environmental Science D. Economics

Question 3: Listen to a piece of BBC news “Apple-FBI iPhone argument getting bigger” and decide
the statements are True (T) or False (F). Write your answers in the corresponding numbered boxes
(10pts).
1. The iPhone belonged to someone who killed people last month. T/F
2. Apple said unlocking the iPhone would be a threat to its customers. T/F
3. America's Department of Justice (DOJ) is on Apple's side. T/F
4. The DOJ said Apple was putting up technological barriers. T/F
5. The DOJ said Apple was an evil company. T/F

Your answer
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 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

Question 4: You will hear a teacher giving her students advice for exams. Listen carefully and
complete the passage below. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS OR NUMBERS for each
blank. (20 points)
Advice for Exams
- The audience are advised to (1)………….. as she is talking.
- Food can give you energy but eat sweets or drinking cola or sugar won’t help you study but
(2)……… will, for example apples.
- Find a comfortable place, not ‘too’ comfortable, with (3)……….. when studying.
- Try and keep a positive mind and be relaxed. Have a break If you start (4)……….., like going out
for a stroll around the block.
- Choose the (5)…….., the things that will get you most points in an exam.
- Learn the main ideas and don’t worry too much about (6)………..
- Make notes of (7)…….. and read them, then cover them up and try to remember all the points.
- Use past exam papers in the library to help you understand what kind of questions (8)………...
- Take (9)……….. while you are studying. Five-minutes is usually enough.
- Drink a glass of water to (10)………...
(Source: http://learnenglishteens.britishcouncil.org)
Your answers

1. ………………………... 2………………………… 3. ………………………...

4. ………………………... 5. ………………………... 6. ………………………...
7. ………………………... 8. ………………………... 9. ………………………...
10. ………………………...

B. LEXICO-GRAMMAR (50 points)

Part 1. Choose the best option A, B, C, or D to complete the following sentences and write your answers
in the corresponding numbered boxes. (20 points)
1. Environmental pollution has ________ many species to the verge of extinction.
A. sent B. thrown C. brought D. driven
2. Luggage may be placed here ____________ the owner’s risk.
A. by B. under C. with D. at
3. Cable TV revolutionized communications; ______, the very existence of that service is now threatened
by satellites.
A. moreover B. consequently C. eventually D. nevertheless
4. Helen was ________ disappointed when she learnt that she hadn’t won the beauty contest.
A. seriously B. bitterly C. strongly D. heavily
5. If he tries to…….ignorance as his excuse, just tell him we’ve got a copy of the authorization with his
signature on it.
A. defend B. plead C. pretend D. protest
6. John: “Our teacher, Mr. Jones, is not very flexible. He always requires us to submit his assignments on
time.”
Jack: “ _________. He should know that we have to learn many subjects.”
A. I can’t disagree with you more B. I can’t agree with you more
C. That can be true D. I am not with you here
7. It was ______of a surprise to Andrew that he got the job.
A. rather B. something C. quite D. much
8. The more expensive carpet is a good choice ______it will last longer.
A. by means of B. due to C. in that D. in view of

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9. It was decided that the cost of the project would be ______ and so it was abandoned.
A. repressive B. pohibitive C. restrictive D.exclusive
10. I left the company by ______, not because I was forced to.
A. choice B. option C. selection D.preference
11. When will it _______ on you that I am right and you're wrong?
A. descend B. come C. dawn D. arise
12. Living by the ocean really ___ your ___. Once you’ve lived there, you never want to leave.
A. came in - heart B. get in- heart C. get in- blood D. came in- blood
13.Sam has always taken the ______that there is more to life than money.
A. outlook B. view C. belief D.opinion
14. 7. I wrote to them a fortnight ago but _____I haven’t had a reply
A. as yet B. these days C. so long D.just now
15. Wait a minute, there is an answer from the Federal Bureau with _____ to your previous inquiry.
A. consideration B. reflection C. attention D. regard
16. Tamara has set her _______ on becoming a ballet-dancer.
A. feet B. brain C. head D. heart
17.“I think we ought to see the rest of the exhibition as quickly as we can, _____ that it closes in half an
hour.”
A. granted B. assuming C. given D. knowing
18. Several passengers received minor injuries when the train unexpectedly came to a ______.
A. delay B. stand C. brake D. halt
19. I’m so ______ under with work at the moment – it’s awful!
A. snowed B. iced C. rained D. fogged
20. A good newspaper story must come right ______ and save the details for later.
A. to date B. to the good C. to the point D. to the bone
Your answers:
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
11. 12. 13. 14. 15.
16. 17. 18. 19. 20.

Part 2. Read the passage below which contains 10 mistakes. Identify the mistakes and write the
corrections in the corresponding numbered boxes.(10 points)
Example: success (Line 1) → succeed

It is very difficult to success in the music business; nine out of ten Line 1
bands that release a first record fail to produce the second. Surviving in the Line 2
music industry requires luck and patience, but most of all it requires and Line 3
intricate knowledge of how a record company is functioned. The process Line 4
begins when a presenter of a company’s Artist and Repertoire (A&R) Line 5
department visits bars and night clubs, scouting for young, talented bands. Line 6
After the representative identifies a promised band, he or she will work to Line 7
negotiate a contract with that band. The signature of this recording contract is Line 8
a slow process. A company will spend a long time to investigate the band Line 9
itself as well as current trends for popular music. During this period, it is Line 10
important that a band reciprocates with an investigation of its own, learning as Line 11
much as possible about the record company and making personnel Line 12
connections within the different departments that will handle their recordings. Line 13
Line 14

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Part 3. Complete each sentence with one suitable particle or preposition. Write your answer in the box
provided. (10 points)
1. He has fixation _________ becoming the best teacher in this area.
2. The teacher was deaf _________. Nick's explanation of why he hadn't done his homework
3. He lost his job _________ no fault of his own.
4. You must account _________ the manager for the money you used.
5. A lion has escaped and is ________ large in the city.
6. Danny wished his father could stay _______ good, but the man still had a few months of the military
service to do.
7. The workers were rather cynical after the meeting. Most of them were ________ no illusion that the
management would take their complaints seriously.
8. These students are picked horn no less than 50 applicants for the scholarship
9. Ordering other people in the family seems to run in his blood as he was a commander in the
army for ten years.
10. Buyers priced _____ New York City are heading for the burbs, driving up demand in places with
reputations for good schools and lively downtowns.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

Part 4. Write the correct form of the words given in the brackets. Write your answers in the spaces
provided below. (10 points)
The (1. CONCEIVE) ____________ of “rhetoric”, or effective public speaking, dates back thousands of
years. The underlying (2. ASSUME) ____________ behind rhetoric is that how you present an argument
can greatly influence whether people are persuaded by you or not. There is (3. DOUBT) ____________
plenty of evidence to support this idea – it’s practically (4. THINK) ____________, for example, for a
successful politician to be a poor communicator – but it is just a question of style winning over substance?
Certainly, it is often said of politicians that they talk complete (5. SENSE) ____________ but what they
say with such (6. CONVINCE) ____________ that we tend to believe them, at least when they’re in
opposition. On the other hand, (7. WISE) ____________ and knowledge are of little value if you can not
communicate them effectively to your peers or to the next generation. It is the combination of clear (8.
REASON) ____________, sound (9. JUDGE) ____________ and effective presentation and
communication skills that define true rhetoric. A true rhetorician should always come across as
knowledgeable, and never as (10. OPINION) ____________ or ignorant.
Your answers:
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

C. READING (60 points)

Part 1. Read the following passage and decide which answer (A, B, C, or D) best fits each gap. Write
your answers in corresponding numbered boxes. (15 points)
WITHOUT TV
The most radical thing we have ever done is not have a TV in our house. Since 99.1 per cent of
American (1)…… cannot make this claim, it may be (2)…… some interest to know why. Certainly, our
(3)…… of television has created (4)…… curiosity, puzzlement and anger (5)…… the people we know,
and I suspect even more of these (6) …… behind our backs. "If the Wetherellsget (7)……. without a TV,
why can't we?"
We did have a television during the first days of our marriage. I remember the dizzy way the
(8)…… flickered across the screen. A few days later, after I (9)…… my senses, we took the set to our local
dump, (10)…… hands in satisfaction ad have been without one ever since .

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1. A. household B. housewives C. holdalls D. housework
2. A. at B. for C. of D. in
3. A. shortage B. lack C. need D. absence
4. A. large B. big C. high D. great
5. A. within B. between C. among D. inside
6. A. belief B. emotions C. opinions D. thoughts
7. A. over B. on C. by D. away
8. A. images B. drawings C. icons D. movies
9. A. re-established B. recovered C. overcame D. got
10. A. waved B. tightened C. moved D. shook
Your answers
1. …………… 2. …………… 3. …………… 4. …………… 5. ……………
6. …………… 7. ………… 8. …………… 9. …………… 10. …………

Part 2. Read the following text and fill in the blank with ONE suitable word. Write your answers in
corresponding numbered boxes. (15 points)
Overland transport in the United States was still extremely primitive in 1790. Roads were few and
short, usually extending from inland communities to the nearest river town or seaport. (1) _______ all
interstate commerce was carried out by sailing ships that served the bays and harbors of the seaboard. Yet,
in 1790 the nation was on the threshold of a new era of road development. (2) _______ to finance road
construction, states (3) _______ for help to private companies, organized by merchants and land
speculators who had a personal interest in improved communications (4) _______ the interior. The pioneer
in this move was the state of Pennsylvania, which chartered a company in 1792 to construct a turnpike, a
road for the use of (5) _______ a toll, or payment, is collected, from Philadelphia to Lancaster. The
legislature (6) _______ the company the authority to erect tollgates at (7) _______ along the road where
payment would be collected, though it carefully regulated the rates. (The states had unquestioned authority
to regulate private business in this period.)
The company built a gravel road (8) _______ two years, and the success of the Lancaster Pike encouraged
imitation. Northern states generally relied on private companies to (9) _______ their toll roads, but Virginia
constructed a network at public expense. (10) _______ was the road building fever that by 1810 New York
alone had some 1,500 miles of turnpikes extending from the Atlantic to Lake Erie.
Your answers:
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

Part 3. Read the following passage and circle the best answer to each of the following questions. Write
your answers in corresponding numbered boxes.
The Alaska pipeline starts at the frozen edge of the Arctic Ocean. It stretches southward across the largest
and northernmost state in the United States, ending at a remote ice-free seaport village nearly 800 miles
from where it begins. It is massive in size and extremely complicated to operate.
The steel pipe crosses windswept plains and endless miles of delicate tundra that tops the frozen ground. It
weaves through crooked canyons, climbs sheer mountains, plunges over rocky crags, makes its way
through thick forests, and passes over or under hundreds of rivers and streams. The pipe is 4 feet in
diameter, and up to 2 million barrels (or 84 million gallons) of crude oil can be pumped through it daily.
Resting on H-shaped steel racks called "bents," long sections of the pipeline follow a zigzag course high
above the frozen earth. Other long sections drop out of sight beneath spongy or rocky ground and return to
the surface later on. The pattern of the pipeline's up-and-down route is determined by the often harsh
demands of the arctic and subarctic climate, the tortuous lay of the land, and the varied compositions of
soil, rock, or permafrost (permanently frozen ground). A little more than half of the pipeline is elevated

14
above the ground. The remainder is buried anywhere from 3 to 12 feet, depending largely upon the type of
terrain and the properties of the soil.
One of the largest in the world, the pipeline cost approximately $8 billion and is by far the biggest and most
expensive construction project ever undertaken by private industry. In fact, no single business could raise
that much money, so eight major oil companies formed a consortium in order to share the costs. Each
company controlled oil rights to particular shares of land in the oil fields and paid into the pipeline-
construction fund according to the size of its holdings. Today, despite enormous problems of climate,
supply shortages, equipment breakdowns, labor disagreements, treacherous terrain, a certain amount of
mismanagement, and even theft, the Alaska pipeline has been completed and is operating.

1. The passage primarily discusses the pipeline's…

A. operating cost B. employees C. consumers D. construction
2. The word "it" in line 3 refers to….
A. pipeline B. ocean C. state D. village
3. According to the passage, 84 million gallons of oil can travel through the pipeline each…
A. day B. week C. month D. year
4. The phrase "Resting on" in line 10 is closest in meaning to….
A. consisting of B. supported by C. passing under D. protected with
5. The author mentions all of the following as important in determining the pipeline's route EXCEPT the…
A. climate B. lay of the land itself
C. local vegetation D. kind of soil and rock
6. The word "undertaken" in line 19 is closest in meaning to…
A. removed B. selected C. transported D. attempted
7. How many companies shared the costs of constructing the pipeline?
A. three B. four C. eight D. twelve
8. The word "particular" in line 22 is closest in meaning to…
A. peculiar B. specific C. exceptional D. equal
9. Which of the following determined what percentage of the construction costs each member of the
consortium would pay?
A. How much oil field land each company owned
B. How long each company had owned land in the oil fields
C. How many people worked for each company
D. How many oil wells were located on the company's land
10. Where in the passage does the author provide a term for an earth covering that always remains frozen?
A. Line 2 B. Line 10 C. Line 15 D. Line 23

Part 4. Read the following text and do the tasks that follow.
Light Pollution is a threat to Wildlife, Safety and the Starry Sky
A After hours of driving south in the pitch-black darkness of the Nevada desert, a dome of hazy gold
suddenly appears on the horizon. Soon, a road sign confirms the obvious: Las Vegas 30 miles. Looking
skyward, you notice that the Big Dipper is harder to find than it was an hour ago.

B Light pollution—the artificial light that illuminates more than its intended target area—has become a
problem of increasing concern across the country over the past 15 years. In the suburbs, where over-lit
shopping mall parking lots are the norm, only 200 of the Milky Way’s 2,500 stars are visible on a clear
night. Even fewer can be seen from large cities. In almost every town, big and small, street lights beam just
as much light up and out as they do down, illuminating much more than just the street. Almost 50 percent
of the light emanating from street lamps misses its intended target, and billboards, shopping centres, private
homes and skyscrapers are similarly over-illuminated.

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C America has become so bright that in a satellite image of the United States at night, the outline of the
country is visible from its lights alone. The major cities are all there, in bright clusters: New York, Boston,
Miami, Houston, Los Angeles, Seattle, Chicago, and, of course, Las Vegas. Mark Adams, superintendent
of the McDonald Observatory in west Texas, says that the very fact that city lights are visible from on high
is proof of their wastefulness. “When you’re up in an airplane, all that light you see on the ground from the
city is wasted. It’s going up into the night sky. That’s why you can see it.”

D But don’t we need all those lights to ensure our safety? The answer from light engineers, light pollution
control advocates and astronomers is an emphatic “no.” Elizabeth Alvarez of the International Dark Sky
Association (IDA), a non-profit organization in Tucson, Arizona, says that overly bright security lights can
actually force neighbours to close the shutters, which means that if any criminal activity does occur on the
street, no one will see it. And the old assumption that bright lights deter crime appears to have been a false
one: A new Department of Justice report concludes that there is no documented correlation between the
level of lighting and the level of crime in an area. And contrary to popular belief, more crimes occur in
broad daylight than at night.

E For drivers, light can actually create a safety hazard. Glaring lights can temporarily blind drivers,
increasing the likelihood of an accident. To help prevent such accidents, some cities and states prohibit the
use of lights that impair night-time vision. For instance, New Hampshire law forbids the use of “any light
along a highway so positioned as to blind or dazzle the vision of travellers on the adjacent highway.”

F Badly designed lighting can pose a threat to wildlife as well as people. Newly hatched turtles in Florida
move toward beach lights instead of the more muted silver shimmer of the ocean. Migrating birds,
confused by lights on skyscrapers, broadcast towers and lighthouses, are injured, sometimes fatally, after
colliding with high, lighted structures. And light pollution harms air quality as well: Because most of the
country’s power plants are still powered by fossil fuels, more light means more air pollution.

G So what can be done? Tucson, Arizona is taking back the night. The city has one of the best lighting
ordinances in the country, and, not coincidentally, the highest concentration of observatories in the world.
Kitt Peak National Optical Astronomy Observatory has 24 telescopes aimed skyward around the city’s
perimeter, and its cadre of astronomers needs a dark sky to work with.

H. For a while, that darkness was threatened. “We were totally losing the night sky,” Jim Singleton of
Tucson’s Lighting Committee told Tulsa, Oklahoma’s KOTV last March. Now, after retrofitting inefficient
mercury lighting with low-sodium lights that block light from “trespassing” into unwanted areas like
bedroom windows, and by doing away with some unnecessary lights altogether, the city is softly glowing
rather than brightly beaming. The same thing is happening in a handful of other states, including Texas,
which just passed a light pollution bill last summer. “Astronomers can get what they need at the same time
that citizens get what they need: safety, security and good visibility at night,” says McDonald
Observatory’s Mark Adams, who provided testimony at the hearings for the bill.

I. And in the long run, everyone benefits from reduced energy costs. Wasted energy from inefficient
lighting costs us between $1 and $2 billion a year, according to IDA. The city of San Diego, which
installed new, high-efficiency street lights after passing a light pollution law in 1985, now saves about $3
million a year in energy costs.

J. Legislation isn’t the only answer to light pollution problems. Brian Greer, Central Ohio representative
for the Ohio Light Pollution Advisory Council, says that education is just as important, if not more so.
“There are some special situations where regulation is the only fix,” he says. “But the vast majority of bad
lighting is simply the result of not knowing any better.” Simple actions like replacing old bulbs and fixtures
with more efficient and better-designed ones can make a big difference in preserving the night sky.
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*The Big Dipper: a group of seven bright stars visible in the Northern Hemisphere.
Questions 1-5
The first six paragraphs of Reading Passage are lettered A-F.
Choose the most suitable headings for paragraphs A-F from the list of headings below.
NB There are more headings than paragraphs, so you will not use them all.
List of Headings
i Why lights are needed
ii Lighting discourages law breakers
iii The environmental dangers
iv People at risk from bright lights
v Illuminating space
vi A problem lights do not solve
vii Seen from above
viii More light than is necessary
ix Approaching the city

Example) Paragraph A ix
1. Paragraph B ..........................
2. Paragraph C ..........................
3. Paragraph D ..........................
4. Paragraph E ..........................
5. Paragraph F.............................

Questions 6-10. Complete each of the following statements with words taken from the passage.
Write ONE or TWO WORDS for each answer.
6. According to a recent study, well-lit streets do not ............... or make neighbourhoods safer to live in.
7. Inefficient lighting increases .................... because most electricity is produced from coal, gas or oil.
8. Efficient lights .................... from going into areas where it is not needed.
9. In dealing with light pollution .................... is at least as important as passing new laws.
10. In the future, people will .................... reduced energy cost.
6. ....................... 7. ....................... 8. ........................ 9. ........................ 10. ......................

D. WRITING (40 points)

Part 1. Rewrite each sentence using the word in brackets so that the meaning stays the same. You must
use between TWO and SIX words, including the word given.
1.The police arrived as the thieves were committing the crime. (RED-HANDED)
The police………………………………………………………………………
2. The Member of Parliament did everything he could to exploit the situation. (ADVANTAGE)
The Member of Parliament did everything......................................... the situation.
3. George demands that the project should be finished now. INSISTENT
George ……………………………………………………………. the project.
4.I really don't know what you're talking about. (FAINTEST)
I don't ……………………………………………….. what you're talking about.
5. There is nothing strange about this. (OUT)
There ………………………………………………………………. about this.
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 Part 2. Finish each of the following sentences in such a way that it means exactly the same as the
sentence printed before it.
1. In the end we had to walk to the railway station.
We ended..........................................................................................
2. It was not until five years had elapsed that the whole truth about the murder came out.
Not for another……………………………………………..............
3. He was really jealous when he saw his brother’s new car. GREEN
He was green…………………………………………………………………….
4. My impression of him was that he was a very capable person
He struck …………………………………………………………..
5. You’re so lazy, you don’t deserve to pass your exams next month.
You are so lazy so it will serve ……………………………………

Part 3. Writing a paragraph

“Chidren should be required to help with household tasks as soon as they are able to do so.” Do you
agree with this statement? Write a paragraph of 180-200 words to state your viewpoint.

-------------- THE END ----------------

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