Independent University Bangladesh

Assignment Cover Page

Computer Science & Engineering

Course name and code: CISL101

Submitted to:

Dr. Hasina Mamtaz

Submitted By,

Pair-13

Student Name Student ID

MD Mahedi Hasan 2030005
Amena Akhter Orni 2021975
 Environmental Pollution
Environmental Pollution Is Global
Disaster

Intoduction
The environment is the surrounding of an organism. The environment in which an
organism lives is made up of various components like air, water, land, etc. These
components are found in fixed proportions to create a harmonious balance in the
environment for the organism to live in. Any kind of undesirable and unwanted
change in the proportions of these components can be termed as pollution. This
issue is increasing with every passing year. It is an issue that creates economic,
physical, and social troubles. The environmental problem that is worsening with
each day needs to be addressed so that its harmful effects on humans as well as
the planet can be discarded.

Causes of Environmental Pollution

With the rise of the industries and the migration of people from villages to cities in
search of employment, there has been a regular increase in the problem of
proper housing and unhygienic living conditions. These reasons have given rise
to factors that cause pollution.

Environmental pollution is of five basic types namely, Air, Water, Soil, and Noise
pollution.

Air Pollution
Air pollution is a major issue in today’s world. The smoke pouring out of factory
chimneys and automobiles pollute the air that we breathe in. Gases like carbon
dioxide, carbon monoxide, and sulphur dioxide are emitted with this smoke which
mixes with air and causes great harm to the human body, flora, and fauna. The
dry-farm waste, dry grass, leaves, and coal used as domestic fuels in our villages
also produce harmful gases. Acid rain occurs due to an excess of sulphur dioxide
in the air.

The Main Sources of Air Pollution are as Follows: 

 Automobile pollution 
 Industrial air pollution 
 Burning garbage 
 Brick kilns 
  Indoor air pollution 
 Decomposed animals and plants 
 Radioactive elements

Water Pollution
Water pollution is one of the most serious environmental issues. The waste
products from the growing industries and sewage water are not treated properly
before disposing of the wastewater into the rivers and other water bodies, thus
leading to water pollution. Agricultural processes with excess fertilizers and
pesticides also pollute the water bodies.
The Main Sources of Water Pollution as Follows: 

 Marine commerce. 
 Industrial effluents joining seas and oceans. 
 Dumping of radioactive substances into seawater. 
 Sewage is disposed of into the sea by rivers. 
 Offshore oil rigs. 
 Recreational activities. 
 Agricultural pollutants are disposed of into the water bodies.
Soil or Land Pollution
Soil pollution or land pollution results from the deposition of solid waste,
accumulation of biodegradable material, deposition of chemicals with poisonous
chemical compositions, etc on the open land. Waste materials such as plastics,
polythene, and bottles, cause land pollution and render the soil infertile.
Moreover, the dumping of dead bodies of animals adds to this issue. Soil
pollution causes several diseases in man and animals like Cholera, Dysentery,
Typhoid, etc.

The Main Causes of Soil Pollution are as Follows: 

 Industrial waste 
 Urban commercial and domestic waste 
 Chemical fertilizers 
 Biomedical waste 
 Pesticides
Noise Pollution
With an increasing population, urbanization, and industrialization, noise pollution
is becoming a serious form of pollution affecting human life, health, and comfort
in daily life. Horns of vehicles, loudspeakers, music systems, and industrial
activities contribute to noise pollution. 

The Main Sources of Noise Pollution as Follows: 

 The machines in the factories and industries produce whistling sounds,
crushing noise, and thundering sounds. 
 Loudspeakers, horns of vehicles. 
 Blasting of rocks and earth, drilling tube wells, ventilation fans, and heavy
earth-moving machinery at construction sites.
Ocean Pollution
There is many reasons that causes of ocean pollution. one of the possible
causes of ocean pollution is sewage, Toxic chemicals from industries or large-
scale oil spill and all of the may cause alot of problems, such as the death of sea
animals, sea animals can stumble on plastic or mistake them and kill them slowly
over a long period of time, often involving animals that are victims of plastic
debris, turtles, dolphins, fish, sharks, crabs, seabirds and crocodiles.
How Pollution Harms Health and Environment

The lives of people and other creatures are affected by environmental pollution,
both directly and indirectly. For centuries, these living organisms have coexisted
with humans on the planet.
. 
Furthermore, approximately 80% of land-based pollutants such as chemical,
industrial, and agricultural waste wind up in water bodies. 
Furthermore, because these water basins eventually link to the sea, they
contaminate the sea's biodiversity indirectly. 

1. Food Reaction

Crops and agricultural produce become poisonous as a result of contaminated

soil and water. These crops are laced with chemical components from the start of
their lives until harvest when they reach a mass level. Due to this, tainted food
has an impact on our health and organs. 
2. Climate Change Impact 
Climate change is also a source of pollution in the environment. It also has an
impact on the ecosystem's physical and biological components. 
Ozone depletion, greenhouse gas emissions, and global warming are all
examples of environmental pollution. Because these water basins eventually link
to the sea, they contaminate the sea's biodiversity indirectly. Furthermore, their
consequences may be fatal for future generations. The unpredictably cold and
hot climate impacts the earth’s natural system. 
Furthermore, earthquakes, starvation, smog, carbon particles, shallow rain or
snow, thunderstorms, volcanic eruptions, and avalanches are all caused by
climate change, caused entirely by environmental pollution.

 
How to Minimise Environmental Pollution? 

To minimise this issue, some preventive measures need to be taken. .  

Recycle
Paper, plastics, glass, and electronic items can be processed into new products
while using fewer natural resources and lesser energy.
To prevent and control air pollution, better-designed equipment, and smokeless
fuels should be used in homes and industries. More and more trees should be
planted to balance the ecosystem and control greenhouse effects.
Noise pollution can be minimised by better design and proper maintenance of
vehicles. Encourage organic farming as this process involves the use of
biological materials and avoiding synthetic substances to maintain soil fertility
and ecological balance.
Several measures can be adopted to control water pollution. Some of them are
water consumption and usage that can be minimized by altering the techniques
involved. Water should be reused with treatment.
The melting icebergs in Antarctica resulted in rising sea levels due to the world's
environmental pollution, which had become a serious problem due to global
warming, which had become a significant concern. Different countries around the
world are responding to these calamities in the most effective way possible.
Different countries around the world are responding to these calamities in the
most effective way possible. More public awareness campaigns are being
established to educate people about the hazards of pollution and the importance
of protecting our environment. Greener lifestyles are becoming more popular; for
example, energy-efficient lighting, new climate-friendly autos, and the usage of
wind and solar power are just a few examples.

Conclusion
It is the responsibility of every individual to save our planet from these
environmental contamination agents. If preventive measures are not taken then
our future generation will have to face major repercussions. The government is
also taking steps to create public awareness. Every individual should be involved
in helping to reduce and control pollution.

Reference
1. https://storymaps.arcgis.com/stories/
55732716ae40404bacf4ed9ba5e35383
2. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pollution#Environment
3. https://www.epa.gov/pm-pollution/health-and-environmental-effects-
particulate-matter-pm