10 Department of Education

National Capital Region

SCHOOLS DIVISION OFFICE
MARIKINA CITY

MATHEMATICS
Quarter 2: Module 4
Union and Intersection of Events

Writers: Ronalyn S. Baloloy

Cover Illustrator: Joel J. Estudillo

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 What I Need to Know

Hello Grade 10 Learners! In this module, you will learn how to:

Illustrates events and union and intersection of events. (M10SP-IIIf-1)

You can say that you have understood the lessons in this module if you can already:
a) define events and union and intersection of events.
b) solve for the union and intersection of events
c) apply the concept of union and intersection of events

What I Know
Read the statements carefully then choose the letter that corresponds to the correct
answer.
1. Which of the following illustrations represents the intersection of events?
A. C.

B. D.

2. If X = { a, e, i, o, u } and Y = { a, b, c, d, e }, what is (𝑋 ∩ 𝑌) ?
A. { a, e } C. { a, b, c, d, e }
B. { i, o, u, b, c, d } D. { a, b, c, d, e, i, o, u }

3. If O is a set of whole numbers less than 7, N is a set of even numbers greater

than 2 but less than 10 and A is a set of factors of 8, then, what is (𝑂 ∩ 𝑁) ∪
(𝑁 ∩ 𝐴)?
A. { 4, 6 } C. { 1, 2, 4, 8 }
B. { 4, 6, 8 } D. { 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 }
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For 4 – 5. The Art Club of Kaagapay National High School categorized has three
categories. The Venn diagram is given below.

4. How many members are there in Art Club?

A. 10 C. 20
B. 15 D. 25
5. How many members can sing and act?
A. 7 C. 9
B. 8 D. 10

Lesson 1. UNION AND INTERSECTION OF EVENTS

What’s In

Using the Roster method, list down the elements being asked in each set. Note:
The roster method is defined as a way to show the elements of a set by listing
the elements inside of brackets.
Example: Primary colors = { red, yellow, blue }

__________________ 1. Even numbers between 2 to 10.

__________________ 2. Prime numbers less than 10.
__________________ 3. Factors of 16.
__________________ 4. Odd numbers greater 10 but less than 20.
__________________ 5. Composite numbers less than 15.

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 What’s New
Consider the situation and the tree diagram given below in answering the questions
that follow.
Aling Nena’s small eatery offers a student budget meal for lunch. A set of menu
consists of a rice, viand, and a drink. Tree diagram below shows the possible menu
combinations.

Viand Drink
Water
Chicken Adobo Juice drink
Water
Rice Chop Suey Juice drink
Water
Pork Barbecue Juice drink

1. Give the sample space of combination of rice, viand, and drink. How many
possible outcomes are there?
2. List the outcomes of selecting a lunch with juice drink.
3. How many outcomes are there for selecting any lunch with chicken adobo or
pork barbecue?
4. How many outcomes are there for selecting a lunch with chop suey and juice
drink?
5. How many outcomes are there for selecting a lunch with chop suey or pork
barbecue?

What is It

Event is a set of possible outcomes resulting from a particular experiment. It is a

subset of a sample space.
When you roll a die, getting a number 5 is an event. The action taken
which is “rolling a die” is the experiment and all the faces of a die is the
sample space.

An event can be simple or compound. Simple events are events with only one
outcome. “Getting a 5 in rolling a die is an example of a simple event. Compound
events are events which consist of two or more outcomes. Choosing an ace or a
diamond in a deck of cards is an example of compound events.
Union and Intersection of Events

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 The union of events A and B, denoted A ∪ B, is the collection of all outcomes that
are elements of one or the other of the sets A and B, or both of them. It corresponds
to combining descriptions of the two events using the word “or.”

The intersection of events A and B, denoted A ∩ B, is the collection of all outcomes

that are common in both sets A and B. It corresponds to combining descriptions of the
two events using the word “and.”

The complement of a set A contains everything that is not in the set A. It is notated
A’.

The intersection of two The shaded region

The union of two events A and events A and B is represents the complement
B is the totality of the shaded represented by the shaded of set A.
region. region.

Example 1:
A group of girls was asked if they have
Snapchat and Tiktok accounts.
The result is shown in the Venn diagram
at the right.

Let,
A = girls who have Snapchat accounts B = girls who have Tiktok accounts

(𝐴 ∪ 𝐵) are the girls who have Snapchat or Tiktok accounts or both

(𝐴 ∪ 𝐵) = { Ana, Leah, Joan, Cris, Jen, Mary, Nice}

(𝐴 ∩ 𝐵) are the girls who have both Snapchat and Tiktok accounts.
(𝐴 ∩ 𝐵) = { Cris, Jen }

(𝐴 ∪ 𝐵)′ are the girls who don’t have Snapchat or Tiktok accounts.
(𝐴 ∪ 𝐵)′ = {Sarah, Joy}

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Example 2:
Teacher Anne asked her Grade 7 students about their favorite fruits and found out
that 38 of them likes mango, 36 likes banana and 39 likes strawberry, 21 likes mango
and banana, 20 likes mango and strawberry, 18 likes banana and strawberry and 9
likes all of the three fruits but 2 of them does not like any of it.
a. How many students like banana or mango?
b. How many students like banana and strawberry but do not like mango?
Solution:
1. Create a Venn diagram from a given situation.
2. Analyze what event is being asked in the
problem.
a. The first question is asking for the union of
banana and mango ( Banana ∪ Mango )
6 + 9 + 9 + 12 + 6 + 11 = 53
Therefore, there are 53 students who like banana or mango.

b. The second question is asking for the intersection of those who like
banana and strawberry without those who like mango.
( 𝐵 ∩ 𝑆) − (𝐵 ∩ 𝑆 ∩ 𝑀) =
18 − 9 =9
Therefore, there are 9 students who like banana and strawberry but do not
like mango.

What’s More
Read and analyze the given situation and answer the questions that follow.
Mrs. Cruz conducted a survey to find out what gadgets her students will use for their
online class. The result is shown below through a Venn diagram.

1. How many students were surveyed?

2. How many students do not have cellphone?
3. How many has cellphone or laptop?
4. How many has cellphone and tablet?
5. How many has all the three gadgets?

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For no. 6 – 10.
Let A = { students who have cellphone }
B = { students who have laptop }, and
C = { students who have tablet }

6. What is (𝐴 ∪ 𝐵) ?
7. What is (𝐴 ∩ 𝐶) ?
8. What is (𝐵 ∪ 𝐶) ?
9. What is (𝐴 ∩ 𝐵)′ ?
10. What is (𝐴 ∪ 𝐵 ∪ 𝐶)?

What I Have Learned

Match Column A with the correct answer in Column B.

Column A Column B
1. It is a set of possible outcomes resulting from an a. union of events
experiment.
b. event
2. Event with only one outcome.
3. An event with two or more outcomes. c. intersection of events
4. It is the collection of all outcomes that are elements of d. simple event
both sets A and B.
5. It is the collection of all outcomes that are elements of e. complement of event
one or the other of the sets A and B or of both. f. compound event

What I Can Do

Survey 10 people inside your house and/or your friends in messenger. Asked them if
they like Moira Dela Torre, Skusta Clee or KZ Tandingan. Use the table below to list
the responses.
Respondents Moira Dela Torre Skusta Clee KZ Tandingan
Ex. Rowena ✔ ✔
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
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Create a Venn diagram to represent the information that you gathered then answer
the following questions.
1.How many likes the three of them?
2.How many does not like any of them?
3.What is ( 𝑀𝑜𝑖𝑟𝑎 ∩ 𝑆𝑘𝑢𝑠𝑡𝑎 ) ?
4. What is ( 𝐾𝑍 ∪ 𝑆𝑘𝑢𝑠𝑡𝑎 ) ?
5. What is ( ( 𝑀𝑜𝑖𝑟𝑎 ∪ 𝐾𝑍 ) ∩ 𝑆𝑘𝑢𝑠𝑡𝑎)?

Rubrics for grading Venn diagram:

Points Description
10 points Complete data was gathered and accurately presented by a Venn
diagram.
7 points Complete data was gathered. Some data are incorrectly placed in a
Venn diagram.
5 points Incomplete data was gathered. Some data are placed in a Venn
diagram incorrectly.
3 points Incomplete data was gathered, and most of the date are placed
incorrectly on the Venn diagram.
No point No output

Assessment
Read each item carefully then choose the letter that corresponds to the correct
answer.

1. It is a set of possible outcomes resulting from a particular experiment.

A. Combination C. Permutation
B. Event D. Probability
2. Which of the events is an example of intersection of events?
A. Picking 5 or a number divisible by 3
B. Choosing an even number and a number divisible by 4
C. Obtaining 2 from rolling a die
D. Selecting red marble or a blue marble
3. If A is a set of prime numbers less than 10, B is set of even numbers less
than 8, and C is a set of factors of 12 , what is (𝐴 ∪ 𝐵) ∩ 𝐶 ?
A. { 1, 2, 3, 5, 7 } C. { 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 12 }
B. { 2, 4, 6 } D. { 2, 3, 4, 6 }
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 4. Which of the following illustration represents the union of events?
A. C.

B. D.

5. What statement does the shaded region

represents?
A. (𝐴 ∪ 𝐵) C. (𝐴 ∪ 𝐵)′
B. (𝐴 ∩ 𝐵) D. (𝐴 ∩ 𝐵)′

6. If A = { 3, 6, 9, 12 , 15 } and B = { 1, 3 , 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15 } , what is (𝐴 ∪ 𝐵)?

A. { 3, 9 , 15 } C. { 1, 3 , 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15 }
B. { 3, 6, 9, 12 , 15 } D. { 1, 3, 5, 6, 7, 9, 11, 12 , 13 , 15 }

7. If X is a set of factors of 5, Y is a set of prime numbers less than 10 and is Z

the set of even numbers less than 9, then what is (𝑋 ∪ 𝑍) ∩ 𝑌 ?
A. { 1, 5 } C. { 2, 4, 6, 8 }
B. { 2, 5 } D. { 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13 }

For numbers 8 -10. Refer to the given figure at the right.

In a school cafeteria, 200 students were randomly
selected and asked about their favorite drinks.
8. How many likes chocolate and fruit juice?
A. 33 C. 70
B. 103 D. 177
9. What percentage of the participants has three drinks as favorites?
A. 35.0 % C. 42. 5 %
B. 51. 5 % D. 46. 0 %

10. How many likes gulaman and fruit juice but does not like chocolate drink?
A. 92 C. 49
B. 70 D. 22

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 Additional Activities

Complete the details on the given Venn diagram and answer the questions that follow.

The Grade 10 – Masisipag students of KNHS joined different clubs, 25 joined Math
Club, 16 joined Science Club and 22 joined Filipino Club, 8 joined Math and Science,
6 joined Filipino and Science, 5 joined Math and Filipino, and 12 students did not join
any of these clubs.

How many students joined

at least one of the clubs?

How many joined Math

only?

How many joined Science

and Math but not Filipino?

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 References
Callanta, Melvin M. et.al.(2015). Mathematics- Grade 10 Learner’s Module. Rex
Bookstore Store, Inc. p. 328-333
Barroza,Juan Carlos C. et.al.(2017).Realistic Math 10. Sibs Publishing House,
Inc. pp. 260 -262
Antonio, Janice F. et.al.(2015).Math Connections in the Digital Age 10. Sibs
Publishing House, Inc. pp 285 -288
(https://saylordotorg.github.io/text_introductory-statistics/s07-02-complements-
intersections-and-.html)
(https://courses.lumenlearning.com/math4libarts/chapter/union-intersection-and-
complement/)
https://www.mathsisfun.com/sets/venn-diagrams.html

Answer Key

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 Development Team of the Module

Writer: Ronalyn S. Baloloy (CISSL)

Editors: Imelda B. Olvida, Principal (MHHS)
John Anthony P. Santos (SNNHS)
Melody F. Grimaldo (NHS)
Rosemarie P. Ortega (PHS)
Dona G. Aquino (KNHS)
Tiburcio A. Aplacador (FHS)
Wilfredo M. Junio (MNHS)
Internal Reviewer: Dominador J. Villafria (Education Program Supervisor-Mathematics)
Cover Illustrator: Joel J. Estudillo (SNNHS)
Layout Artist: Ferdinand B. Villegas (PHS)
Management Team:
Sheryll T. Gayola
Assistant Schools Division Superintendent
OIC, Office of the Schools Division Superintendent

Elisa O. Cerveza
Chief, CID
OIC, Office of the Assistant Schools Division Superintendent

Dominador J. Villafria
Education Program Supervisor-Mathematics

Ivy Coney A. Gamatero

Education Program Supervisor– LRMS

For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Schools Division Office- Marikina City

Email Address: sdo.marikina@deped.gov.ph

191 Shoe Ave., Sta. Elena, Marikina City, 1800, Philippines

Telefax: (02) 682-2472 / 682-3989

City of Good Character

DISCIPLINE • GOOD TASTE • EXCELLENCE