Problem:

Give system of 2 bars which is subjected to

connections shown in figure. Bar BC tilts with
horizontal at angle alpha. q, a, alpha, M are
constants. Find reaction forces at A, B, C, D?

B 
A
M D
a 3a
C
1
Step 1: Choose bar AB as survey object in
equilibrium.

Step 2: Set action forces on survey body.

Replace distributed load by concentrated load
Q=4qa.

y NA Q=4qa YB
x
A B
XB
a a 2a 2
Step 2 (cont):
- Reaction forces acting on bar AB including:
N A , X B , YB
- Active forces acting on bar AB are remaining
forces, including:
Q

y NA Q=4qa YB
x
A B
XB
a a 2a 3
Step 2 (cont):

N A 
, X B , YB , Q  0

y NA Q=4qa YB
x
A B
XB
a a 2a 4
Step 3: Set up balance equations of force system
acting on survey body.

N A 
, X B , YB , Q  0

F kx  0   X B  0(1)

y NA Q=4qa YB
x
A B
XB
a a 2a 5
Step 3 (cont):

N A 
, X B , YB , Q  0

F ky  0   N A  YB  Q  0(2)

y NA Q=4qa YB
x
A B
XB
a a 2a 6
Step 3 (cont):

N A 
, X B , YB , Q  0

M B  0   N A .3a  Q.2a  0(3)

y NA Q=4qa YB
x
A B
XB
a a 2a 7
Step 4: Solve balance equations to find unknowns.

(1)  X B  0

y NA Q=4qa YB
x
A B
XB
a a 2a 8
Step 4 (cont):

2 8qa
(3)  N A  Q 
3 3

y NA Q=4qa YB
x
A B
XB
a a 2a 9
Step 4 (cont):
1 4qa
(2)  YB  Q  N A  Q 
3 3
If the quantity is calculated negative, then the
correct sense of that quantity is opposite to
supposed sense in the figure.

y NA Q=4qa YB
x
A B
XB
a a 2a 10
Step 1: Choose bar BC as survey object in
equilibrium.

y
XB' x
B
ND
YC
M
YB' D C
11
XC
Step 2: Set action forces acting on survey body.
- Reaction forces acting on bar BC including:
X 'B , YB' , X C , YC , N D
- Active forces acting on bar BC including:
M

y
XB' x
B
ND
YC
M
YB' D C
12
XC
Step 2 (cont):
X '
B
'
B 
, Y , X C , YC , N D , M  0
X  X B ; X  X B  0
'
B
'
B

4qa
Y  YB ; Y  YB 
'
B
'
B
3
y
XB' x
B
ND
YC
M
YB' D C
13
XC
Step 3: Set up balance equations of force system
acting on survey body.

 
X 'B , YB' , X C , YC , N D , M  0

F kx  0  X  X C  N D .sin   0(4)
'
B

y
XB' x
B
ND
YC
M
YB' D C
14
XC
Step 3 (cont):

X '
B
'
B 
, Y , X C , YC , N D , M  0

 ky
F  0   YB  YC  N D .cos   0(5)
'

y
XB' x
B
ND
YC
M
YB' D C
15
XC
Step 3 (cont):

X '
B
'
B 
, Y , X C , YC , N D , M  0
 C
M  0   X '
B .3a.tan   Y '
B .3a

a
ND .  M  0(6)
cos 
y
XB' x
B
ND
YC
M
YB' D C
16
XC
Step 4: Solve balance equations to find unknowns.

M 
(6)  N D    4qa  .cos 
 a 

y
XB' x
B
ND
YC
M
YB' D C
17
XC
Step 4 (cont):

4qa  M  2
(5)  YC     4qa  cos 
3  a 

y
XB' x
B
ND
YC
M
YB' D C
18
XC
Step 4 (cont):
M 
(4)  X C     4qa  .sin .cos 
 a 
If the quantity is calculated negative, then the
correct sense of that quantity is opposite to
supposed sense in the figure.
y
XB' x
B
ND
YC
M
YB' D C
19
XC
Method 2: Solidifying system of 2 bars AB and BC.
- Reaction forces acting on system of 2 solidified
bars including
N A , N D , X C , YC
- Active forces acting on system of solidifying
including: Q, M
NA 2a a
y
x
ND
B 
A YC
M D
a 3a
C
XC 20
Force system acting on system of solidified bars:
 Q, M, N A , N D , X C , YC  0
8qa
NA 
3

NA 2a a
y
x
ND
B 
A YC
M D
a 3a
C
XC 21
Write balance equations for force system acting on
system of 2 solidified bars:
 Q, M, N A 
, N D , X C , YC  0

F kx  0   N D .sin   X C  0  4  '

NA 2a a
y
x
ND
B 
A YC
M D
a 3a
C
XC 22
Write balance equations (cont):

 Q, M, N A 
, N D , X C , YC  0

 ky
F  0   Q  N A  N D .cos   YC  0  
5 '

NA 2a a
y
x
ND
B 
A YC
M D
a 3a
C
XC 23
 Write balance equations (cont): :
 Q, M, N A 
, N D , X C , YC  0

 M C  0  Q.5a  M  N A .6a  N D . cos   0  6 

a '

NA 2a a
y
x
ND
B 
A YC
M D
a 3a
C
XC 24
Solve balance equations:
M 
 
6  N D    4qa  .cos 
'

 a 
M 
 
4  X C     4qa  .sin .cos 
'

 a 

NA 2a a
y
x
ND
B 
A YC
M D
a 3a
C
XC 25
Solve balance equations (cont):

4qa  M  2
(5 )  YC 
'
   4qa  cos 
3  a 

NA 2a a
y
x
ND
B 
A YC
M D
a 3a
C
XC 26
Problem:
Rectangle homogeneous door OABC, weight P, is
kept in equilibrium at horizontal position by
sphere bearing O, journal bearing C, cable DB.
Give OA=a. Find reaction forces at O, C and
tension in cable DB?
D

O
°
C
45

y
60°
A 27
x B
Step 1: Choose door OABC as survey object in
equilibrium.

ZO ZC
Y T C
O O Tz y
E Txy XC
XO Tx
A
x Ty B 28
Step 2: Put action forces on survey object.
- Reaction forces acting on plate OABC:
X O , YO , ZO , X C , ZC , T
- Active forces acting on plate OABC including: P

ZO ZC
Y T C
O O Tz y
E Txy XC
XO Tx
A
x Ty B 29
Step 2 (cont) :
Decompose T  Txy  Tz  Tx  Ty  Tz
Tx  T.cos 45o.cos 60o  T 2 / 4
Ty  T.cos 45o.sin 60o  T 6 / 4
Tz  T.sin 45o  T 2 / 2
D

ZO ZC
T C
O YO Tz y
E Txy XC
XO Tx
A
x Ty B 30
Step 2 (cont) :

 P, X O 
, YO , ZO , X C , ZC , T  0

ZO ZC
Y T C
O O Tz y
E Txy XC
XO Tx
A
x Ty B 31
Step 3: Establish balance equations for force system
acting on survey object.
 
P, X O , YO , ZO , X C , ZC , T  0
2
 Fkx  0  XO  XC  T 4  0(1)
D

ZO ZC
Y T C
O O Tz y
E Txy XC
XO Tx
A
x Ty B 32
Step 3 (cont) :
 P, X O 
, YO , ZO , X C , ZC , T  0
6
 Fky  0  YO  T 4  0(2)

ZO ZC
Y T C
O O Tz y
E Txy XC
XO Tx
A
x Ty B 33
Step 3 (cont) :
 P, X O 
, YO , ZO , X C , ZC , T  0
2
 Fkz  0  P  ZO  ZC  T 2  0(3)

ZO ZC
Y T C
O O Tz y
E Txy XC
XO Tx
A
x Ty B 34
Step 3 (cont) :
 P, X O 
, YO , ZO , X C , ZC , T  0
a 3 2
 M x  0  P. 2  ZC .a 3  T 2 .a 3  0(4)

ZO ZC
Y T C
O O Tz y
E Txy XC
XO Tx
A
x Ty B 35
Step 3 (cont) :
 P, X O 
, YO , ZO , X C , ZC , T  0
a 2
 M y  0  P. 2  T 2 .a  0(5)

ZO ZC
Y T C
O O Tz y
E Txy XC
XO Tx
A
x Ty B 36
Step 3 (cont) :
 P, X O 
, YO , ZO , X C , ZC , T  0

M z  0  X C .a 3  0(6)

ZO ZC
Y T C
O O Tz y
E Txy XC
XO Tx
A
x Ty B 37
Step 4: Solve balance equations to find unknowns.
(6)  X C  0
P 2
(5)  T 
2

ZO ZC
Y T C
O O Tz y
E Txy XC
XO Tx
A
x Ty B 38
Step 4 (cont) :
T 2 P
(1)  X O  
4 4
T 6 P 3
(2)  YO  
2 4

ZO ZC
Y T C
O O Tz y
E Txy XC
XO Tx
A
x Ty B 39
Step 4 (cont) :
P T 2
(4)  ZC   0
2 2
T 2 P
(3)  ZO  P  ZC  
2 2

ZO ZC
Y T C
O O Tz y
E Txy XC
XO Tx
A
x Ty B 40
Problem:
Horizontal homogeneous beam OC, weight P=1000N,
length 2m, is subjected to action of couple  Q, Q'  in
plane xOy, Q=100N, arm EF=0.2m. Beam connects to
wall by ball-and-socket joint O and 2 cables AB, CD.
Give OB=0.5m. Find reaction forces at O and tensions in
cables?
D

Q' E

30°
30° C
O
y
A BF
Q
41
x
Step 1: Choose beam OC as survey object in
equilibrium.
Step 2: Set action forces on survey object.
Couple by Q and Q’ is M=Q.EF=20Nm
counterclockwise in plane xOy.

ZO T1
M
O YO C
y
A B
T2
42
x XO
P
Step 2 (cont):
- Reaction forces acting on beam OC inlcuding:
X O , YO , ZO , T1 , T2
- Active forces acting on beam OC are remaining
forces including: P, M

ZO T1
M
O YO C
y
A B
T2
43
x XO
P
Step 2 (cont):
Decompose T1  T1y  T1z
T1y  T1.cos 30 ;T1z  T1.sin 30
o o

T2  T2x  T2y
T2x  T2 .sin 30o ;T2y  T2 .cos 30o

ZO T1
M
O YO C
y
A B
T2
44
x XO
P
Step 2 (cont):

 P, M, X O , YO , ZO , T1 , T2  0 

ZO T1
M
O YO C
y
A B
T2
45
x XO
P
Step 3: Establish balance equations for force system
acting on survey object.
P, M, X O , YO , ZO , T1 , T2  0 
 kx
F  0   X O  T2 .sin 30 o
 0(1)

ZO T1
M
O YO C
y
A B
T2
46
x XO
P
Step 3 (cont):

 P, M, X O , YO , ZO , T1 , T2  0 
 ky
F  0   YO  T1 .cos 30 o
 T2 .cos 30 o
 0(2)

ZO T1
M
O YO C
y
A B
T2
47
x XO
P
Step 3 (cont):

 P, M, X O , YO , ZO , T1 , T2  0 
 kz
F  0   P  Z O  T1 .sin 30 o
 0(3)

ZO T1
M
O YO C
y
A B
T2
48
x XO
P
Step 3 (cont):

 P, M, X
, YO , ZO , T1 , T2  0
O 
OC
 x
M  0   P.
2
 T1 .sin 30 o
.OC  0(4)

ZO T1
M
O YO C
y
A B
T2
49
x XO
P
Step 3 (cont):

 P, M, X O , YO , ZO , T1 , T2  0 
M y  0  thoaman(5)

ZO T1
M
O YO C
y
A B
T2
50
x XO
P
Step 3 (cont):

 P, M, X O , YO , ZO , T1 , T2  0 
 z
M  0   M  T2 .sin 30 o
.OB  0(6)

ZO T1
M
O YO C
y
A B
T2
51
x XO
P
Step 4: Solve balance equations to find unknowns.

(6)  T2  4M  80N
(4)  T1  P  1000N

ZO T1
M
O YO C
y
A B
T2
52
x XO
P
Step 4 (cont):
(1)  X O  T2 .sin 30o  40N
(2)  YO  T1.cos 30o  T2 .cos 30o  540 3N
(3)  ZO  P  T1.sin 30  500N
o

ZO T1
M
O YO C
y
A B
T2
53
x XO
P
Problem:
Pillar AB, weight P=5000N, is
in equilibrium vertically as
z
in figure. Bar portion CD q B
parallel to x axis. Give
q=30N/cm. Force F=1000N
C
parallel to y axis. Give E
AE=EB=2BC=CD=120cm. D
Determine reaction forces at
ball-and-socket joint A and
A 60°
forces in bars EK, EH?
K H
45° y
x
54
Step 1: Choose pillar ABCD as survey object.
Step 2: Set action forces on survey object.
Replace triangular distributed load by concentrated
load Q=q.CD/2=1800N far from D 80cm.

z
Q B
3
D/
2 C C
E
D
P
ZA
SEK SEH
A
K XA YA H
y 55
x
Step 2 (cont):
- Reaction forces acting on pillar ABCD including:
X A , YA , ZA ,SEH ,SEK

z
Q B
3
D/
2 C C
E
D
P
ZA
SEK SEH
A
K XA YA H
y 56
x
Step 2 (cont):
- Active forces acting on pillar ABCD including:
P, Q, F

z
Q B
3
D/
2 C C
E
D
P
ZA
SEK SEH
A
K XA YA H
y 57
x
Step 2 (cont):

X A , YA , ZA ,SEH ,SEK , P, Q, F  0 
z
Q B
3
D/
2 C C
E
D
P
ZA
SEK SEH
A
K XA YA H
y 58
x
Step 3: Establish balance equations.

X A , YA , ZA ,SEH ,SEK , P, Q, F  0 
 kx
F  0   X A  SEK .cos 45 o
 0(1)

z
Q B
3
D/
2 C C
E
D
P
ZA
SEK SEH
A
K XA YA H
y 59
x
Step 3 (cont):

X A , YA , ZA ,SEH ,SEK , P, Q, F  0 
 ky
F  0   YA  SEH .cos 60 o
 F  0(2)

z
Q B
3
D/
2 C C
E
D
P
ZA
SEK SEH
A
K XA YA H
y 60
x
Step 3 (cont):

X A , YA , ZA ,SEH ,SEK , P, Q, F  0 
 kz
F  0   Z A  SEH .cos 30 o
 S EK .cos 45 o
 P  Q  0(3)

z
Q B
3
D/
2 C C
E
D
P
ZA
SEK SEH
A
K XA YA H
y 61
x
Step 3 (cont):

X A , YA , ZA ,SEH ,SEK , P, Q, F  0 
 x
M  0  SEH .cos 60 o
.AE  F.AB  0(4)

z
Q B
3
D/
2 C C
E
D
P
ZA
SEK SEH
A
K XA YA H
y 62
x
Step 3 (cont):

X A , YA , ZA ,SEH ,SEK , P, Q, F  0 
1
 M y  0  SEK .cos 45 .AE  Q. 3 CD  0(5)
o

z
Q B
3
D/
2 C C
E
D
P
ZA
SEK SEH
A
K XA YA H
y 63
x
Step 3 (cont):

X A , YA , ZA ,SEH ,SEK , P, Q, F  0 
M z  0  thoaman

z
Q B
3
D/
2 C C
E
D
P
ZA
SEK SEH
A
K XA YA H
y 64
x
Step 4: Solve balance equations to find unknowns.
F.AB
(4)  SEH  o
 4000N
AE.cos 60
(2)  YA  F  SEH .cos 60o  1000N

z
Q B
3
D/
2 C C
E
D
P
ZA
SEK SEH
A
K XA YA H
y 65
x
Step 4 (cont):
Q.CD / 3
(5)  SEK  o
 600 2N
AE.cos 45
(1)  X A  SEK .cos 45o  600N

z
Q B
3
D/
2 C C
E
D
P
ZA
SEK SEH
A
K XA YA H
y 66
x
Step 4 (cont):

(3)  ZA  P  Q  SEH .cos 30  SEK .cos 45  9664.1N

o o

z
Q B
3
D/
2 C C
E
D
P
ZA
SEK SEH
A
K XA YA H
y 67
x
Problem:
Due to an unequal distribution of fuel in the wing tanks, the
centers of gravity for the airplane fuselage A and wings B and
C are located as shown. If these components have weights
WA = 45 000 lb, WB = 8000 lb, and WC = 6000 lb, determine
the normal reactions of the wheels D, E , and F on the
ground?

68
Answer:
Choose the airplane as survey object.

69
70
71
Solve the equations:

72