UNIVERSITY OF SAN JOSE - RECOLETOS

CEBU CITY, CEBU 6000

PANTAWID PAMILYANG PILIPINO PROGRAM

In Partial Fulfillment
of the Requirements
in Agrarian Law

Presented to:
Atty. Ethelbert Oano

Presented by:
Jan Julia Jumagdao
Cristopher John Rosero
Melvynn Seno
Kyle Stoud Villoga
Maria Larrydelle Acebuche
Joseph Gepte
(TEAM BEN)
 4PS (PANTAWID PAMILYANG PILIPINO PROGRAM)
What is 4Ps?
The Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino
Program (4Ps) is a human development
measure of the national government that
provides conditional cash grants to the
poorest of the poor, to improve the health,
nutrition, and the education of children aged
0-18. It is patterned after the conditional cash
transfer (CCT) schemes in Latin American
and African countries, which have lifted
millions of people around the world from
poverty.
What is the history of 4Ps?
The Department of Social Welfare and
Development patterned the conditional cash
transfer system from developing countries
particular in Brazil and Mexico by John
Gerald B. Santiago. In 2007, the DSWD pre-
pilot tested in municipalities
of Sibagat and Esperanza in Agusan del Sur;
the municipalities of Lopez
Jaena and Bonifacio in Misamis Occidental,
the Caraga Region; and the cities
of Pasay and Caloocan in a 50 million pesos
budget.
It was renamed Pantawid Pamilyang
Pilipino Program (4Ps) by Santiago and
Samantha A. Vizconde on July 16, 2008 by
administrative order number 16, series of
2008 and set implementing guidelines. It is
the flagship poverty alleviation program of
the administration of former President Gloria
Macapagal-Aroyo. It aims to educate many
Filipino children starting from pre-school
education to secondary education by giving
them daily allowances as they go to their
Submitted by: Jan Julia Jumagdao, Melyvnn Seno,
Cristopher John Rosero, Joseph Gepte,
Maria Larrydelle Acebuche, Kyle Stoud Villoga
daily classes. Their parents benefit from the
program since their children learn a lot in
school and they are also given dietary
allowances for food of their children as their
children go to schools.
What are the objectives of the 4Ps?
The 4Ps has dual objectives as the
flagship poverty alleviation program of the
Aquino administration:
1. social assistance, giving monetary
support to extremely poor families to
respond to their immediate needs; and
2. social development, breaking the
intergenerational poverty cycle by
investing in the health and education
of poor children through programs
such as:
◦ health check-ups for pregnant
women and children aged 0 to
5;
◦ deworming of schoolchildren
aged 6 to 14;
◦ enrollment of children in
daycare, elementary, and
secondary schools; and
◦ family development sessions.
The 4Ps also helps the Philippine
government fulfill its commitment to the
Millennium Development Goals (MDGs)—
specifically in eradicating extreme poverty
and hunger, in achieving universal primary
education, in promoting gender equality, in
reducing child mortality, and in improving
maternal health care.
Page 2 of 8
 4PS (PANTAWID PAMILYANG PILIPINO PROGRAM)
What is the coverage of the 4Ps?
The 4Ps operates in all the 17 regions
in the Philippines, covering 79 provinces, 143
cities, and 1,484 municipalities. Beneficiaries
are selected through the National Household
Targeting System for Poverty Reduction
(NHTS-PR), which identifies who and where
the poor are in the country.
In general, the following criteria must
be satisfied to become eligible for the
program:
• Residents of the poorest
municipalities, based on 2003 Small
Area Estimates (SAE) of the National
Statistical Coordination Board
(NSCB)
• Households whose economic
condition is equal to or below the
provincial poverty threshold
• Households that have children 0-18
years old and/or have a pregnant
woman at the time of assessment
• Households that agree to meet
conditions specified in the program
What are the Cash Grants under 4Ps?
The 4Ps has two types of cash grants
that are given out to household-beneficiaries:
• health grant: P500 per household
every month, or a total of P6,000
every year
• education grant: P300 per child every
month for ten months, or a total of
P3,000 every year (a household may
register a maximum of three children
for the program)
Submitted by: Jan Julia Jumagdao, Melyvnn Seno,
Cristopher John Rosero, Joseph Gepte,
Maria Larrydelle Acebuche, Kyle Stoud Villoga
For a household with three children, a
household may receive P1,400 every month,
or a total of P15,000 every year for five years,
from the two types of cash grants given to
them.
These cash grants are distributed to
the household-beneficiaries through the Land
Bank of the Philippines or, if not feasible,
through alternate payment schemes such as
Globe G-Cash remittance and rural bank
transactions.
Who are eligible for cash grants?
Classified as poor or near-poor
Have members who are aged 0-18 years old
or have members who are pregnant at the
time of registration
Willing to comply with the conditions set in
the oath of commitment and mutually-
agreed household intervention plan
Who created 4Ps?
Vizconde on July 16, 2008 by
administrative order number 16, series of
2008 and set implementing guidelines. It is
the flagship poverty alleviation program of
the administration of former President Gloria
Macapagal-Aroyo.
When was 4Ps started?
The 4Ps began as a pilot program of
the Department of Social Welfare and
Development (DSWD) in 2007 (Fernandez
and Olfindo, 2011) and was launched as a
full-scale cash transfer program in February
2008, covering 330 000 beneficiaries in Set 1.
Page 3 of 8
 4PS (PANTAWID PAMILYANG PILIPINO PROGRAM)
What are the benefits of 4Ps
beneficiaries?
The 4Ps also helps the Philippine
government fulfill its commitment to the
Millennium Development Goals (MDGs)—
specifically in eradicating extreme poverty
a n d h u n g e r, i n a c h i e v i n g u n i v e r s a l
primary education, in promoting gender
equality, in reducing child mortality, and in
improving maternal health care.
Who is qualified for 4Ps?
A regular revalidation of beneficiaries
will be done every three years.
Eligible beneficiaries are farmers,
fisherfolks, homeless families, indigenous
peoples, those in the informal sector, those in
geographically isolated areas and those in
areas with no electricity.
What are the conditions for
entitlement of cash grant?
•All qualified household-beneficiaries
shall comply with all of the following
conditions as a requirement for continued
program eligibility:
(a) Pregnant women must avail of pre-
natal services, give birth in a health facility
attended by a skilled health professional, and
receive post-partum care and post-natal care
for her newborn;
(b) Children zero (0) to five (5) years
old must receive regular preventive health
and nutrition services including check-ups
and vaccinations;
Submitted by: Jan Julia Jumagdao, Melyvnn Seno,
Cristopher John Rosero, Joseph Gepte,
Maria Larrydelle Acebuche, Kyle Stoud Villoga
(c) Children one (1) to fourteen (14)
years old must avail of deworming pills at
least twice a year;
(d) Children three (3) to four (4) years
old must attend day care or pre-school classes
at least eighty-five percent (85%) of them
time;
(e) Children five (5) to eighteen (18)
years old must attend elementary or
secondary classes at least eighty-five percent
(85%) of their time; and
(f) At least one (1) responsible person
must attend family development sessions
conducted by the DSWD, at least once a
month.
When shall a beneficiary exists 4Ps?
The last monitored child in the house turns
19 years old
The last monitored child in the household
finishes high school
The household is no longer poor, based on
the latest assessment thru the adopted
standardized targetting system
The household voluntarily waives its
membership
The household commits offenses wherein
the sanction is delisting
What if a household fails to comply
with the conditions?
A household that fails to comply with
the conditions will be warned. Non-
compliance and multiple warning will result
Page 4 of 8
 4PS (PANTAWID PAMILYANG PILIPINO PROGRAM)
to termination of the grants and removal from
the program.
The responsible person of a reported
qualified household-beneficiary who fails to
comply with conditions set forth in Section 11
of this Act shall at first be notified in writing
and the payment of cash grants will
immediately be terminated. After four (4)
months of noncompliance, the household-
beneficiary shall be subject to case
management process of DSWD.
How do the household beneficiaries
access the grants?
To provide them with direct and
secure access to the cash, the DSWD works
with Accredited Government Depository
Banks, or contracts the services of rural
banks, thrift banks, cooperative banks, and
institutions engaged in money remittances
duly accredited by Bangko Sentral ng
Pilipinas.
How should the 4Ps Act be
implemented?
The Philippine Institute for
Development Studies evaluates every three
years the veracity of the beneficiary list, and
tracks the effectiveness of the program.
In addition, the implementation of 4Ps is kept
in check by three major systems:
Beneficiary Update System
Compliance Verification System
Grievance Redress System
Is Pantawid Pamilya a “dole-out”
program?
Pantawid Pamilya is NOT a “dole-
out” program in the sense that it does not
hand- out cash only for the sake of helping
beneficiaries. From the word itself, the
Submitted by: Jan Julia Jumagdao, Melyvnn Seno,
Cristopher John Rosero, Joseph Gepte,
Maria Larrydelle Acebuche, Kyle Stoud Villoga
transfer of cash is CONDITIONAL—which
means beneficiaries must comply with
program conditions related to increasing
human capital in order to continue receiving
CCT grants.
The CCT grants serve specific
objectives of keeping the children healthy and
in school. A compliance verification system is
in place and co-implemented with schools
and health centers nationwide to monitor if
the children are indeed attending school and
taking up the necessary preventive health
services.
What is Pantawid Pamilya’s impact on
poverty reduction?
In this case, it is more strategic to
ensure that children of poor families graduate
from high school first so that they have better
chances of enjoying better quality of life than
their parents’ generation.
One of the major factors in this
improvement of poverty reduction is the
increased budget in government’s social
development programs, which significantly
augmented the income of the poorest
households… The regularity of the cash
transfer sustained for three years for many
CCT beneficiaries has accorded them some
resiliency to weather certain shocks. The
program also induced more economic activity
in the poor barangays given the presence of a
cash economy. These conditions may have
also encouraged a number of them to
diversify their livelihood sources.
How does Pantawid Pamilya reduce
poverty?
The main pathway is through the
accumulation of human capital which is long
Page 5 of 8
 4PS (PANTAWID PAMILYANG PILIPINO PROGRAM)
term. 4Ps intends to break the
intergenerational transfer of poverty, helping
poor families escape the poverty trap of being
poor because they have no decent jobs or
undereducated and sickly;
• Through investment in the education and
health of the children of poor families today,
we hope to see the next generation to be
comprised of more children who have at least
graduated from high school and have kept
themselves healthy so that they become
productive citizens who have greater chances
of getting decent paying jobs than their
parents.
• The other pathway is short-term- 4Ps
augments the income of the transitory poor
whose income level could already have
returned to above the poverty threshold
because of the continuous receipt of grants.
Does giving CCT grants make the poor
lazy and discouraged to find work?
development, gender sensitivity, disaster
No, the two 4Ps impact evaluations
have shown that there are more working adult
members of CCT households compared to
non-beneficiaries, and that more of them are
looking for additional work. This is consistent
with international evidence in other CCT
programs that giving cash transfers does not
reduce labor force participation of the poor.
We should be conscious of the
possible prejudice in thinking that the poor
are poor because they are lazy to find and do
actual work. Mostly, the poor are not able to
go school (only 10% of 4Ps adult members
are high school graduates), that is why their
level of productivity is low and they could not
get good-paying, long-term jobs.
Submitted by: Jan Julia Jumagdao, Melyvnn Seno,
Cristopher John Rosero, Joseph Gepte,
Maria Larrydelle Acebuche, Kyle Stoud Villoga
What is the purpose of the Family
Development Sessions?
The Family Development Sessions
(FDS) intends to strengthen the capacities of
the 4Ps families, particularly the parents/
grantees, to become more responsive to the
health and education needs of the family and
their children. It also enables the households
to become socially aware, involved, and
participative in community development
activities.
The FDS is the venue where
beneficiaries gain enhancement and
acquisition of new skills on –
• Parental roles and responsibilities
towards strengthened marital relationships,
shared parenting, family development, and
promotion of positive values;
• Advocate active citizenship, spiritual
resiliency, financial literacy, entrepreneurial
skills and volunteerism; and
• Community organization where
community members become active
participants as decision makers for
community programs; and organizers of
Parent Groups as an evolved venue of FDS
that provide peer support and cooperation.
What is Pantawid Pamilya’s impact on
education?
4Ps keeps more children in school
especially those in age cohorts at risk of
dropping out.
4Ps children display more grit or
determination in terms of school-related
activities like asking for help when lesson
Page 6 of 8
 4PS (PANTAWID PAMILYANG PILIPINO PROGRAM)
was difficult, striving to get higher grades,
and finishing school work before playing or
resting.
What is Pantawid Pamilya’s impact on
health?
Impact on Family Planning and
Reproductive Health: 4Ps raises awareness
and trial use of modern family planning
methods among program beneficiaries.
Impact on Maternal Health: 4Ps increases
the availment of prenatal care services and
skilled birth attendance
Impact on Child Health: 4Ps increases
access to child health care services
• Regular weight monitoring among children
0-2 years old is higher among beneficiaries
• Regular weight monitoring among 2 -5
years old is significantly higher among
beneficiaries
• Higher intake of Vitamin A within 6 months
among beneficiaries
• Positive impact on receiving deworming
pills at least twice for school-aged 4Ps
children
• Higher likelihood of being fed with
vegetables
Does Pantawid Pamilya encourage the
poor to conceive more children?
Pantawid does not encourage poor
households to conceive more children based
on the results of impact evaluation that says
Submitted by: Jan Julia Jumagdao, Melyvnn Seno,
Cristopher John Rosero, Joseph Gepte,
Maria Larrydelle Acebuche, Kyle Stoud Villoga
the average family size of both beneficiaries
and non-beneficiaries is 7 members. This is
consistent with findings from impact
evaluation of other countries’ CCT programs
that show the continuous receipt of cash
transfers does not induce higher fertility rate.
Why not just give livelihood projects
instead of cash grants?
As provided in RA 11310, qualified-
household beneficiaries are prioritized to
avail the modalities of interventions from the
Sustainable Livelihood Program (SLP) or
other similar programs offered by other
government agencies or accredited private
institutions.
DSWD through SLP has already
provided employment facilitation or
livelihood grants to some 1.897 million (Dec.
2019) 4Ps beneficiaries.
Livelihood projects do not increase
the human capital of the children, which is the
main thrust of 4Ps. That is why the program
conditions revolve around enabling children
of poor families to get more years of
education and get all the basic preventive
health services.
Even if all members of the program
receive livelihood assistance, it is not
guaranteed that it will get them out of
poverty. Operating a business or livelihood
regardless of size entails a lot of financial
risks. Poor entrepreneurs are at a greater
disadvantage in dealing with risk of business
loss because they do not have much capital or
savings in the first place.
How does the 4Ps monitor its
beneficiaries considering the criticism
and skepticism?
Page 7 of 8
 4PS (PANTAWID PAMILYANG PILIPINO PROGRAM)

The DSWD regional office has been

conducting Case Management trainings per
province as preparation for the case recording
of every household beneficiary of the
program.

The Municipal Link (ML) of the

Pantawid Pamilya shall be the case manager
of every household beneficiary in the area.
Through a case folder that contains the
Household Assessment Form, Geographic
Information System, Social Welfare Indicator
(SWI) profile and other progress notes, the
ML shall be able assess and provide proper
intervention to the family with the help of the
Municipal Social Welfare and Development
Officer.
The case management will help the program
in identifying problems on why a beneficiary
cannot comply with program conditions, and
also, in facilitating other interventions.

Submitted by: Jan Julia Jumagdao, Melyvnn Seno,

Cristopher John Rosero, Joseph Gepte,
Maria Larrydelle Acebuche, Kyle Stoud Villoga Page 8 of 8