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Science
Quarter 3 – Module 1:
Motion in One Dimension
Science – Grade 7
Quarter 3 – Module 1: Motion in One Dimension
First Edition, 2020

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Aris B. Juanillo, PhD
Faye Genevieve P. Pasamonte

Printed in the Philippines by ________________________

Department of Education – Division of Davao City

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E-mail Address: lrms.davaocity@deped.gov.ph
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Science
Quarter 3 – Module 1:
Motion in One Dimension
Introductory Message
For the facilitator:
As a facilitator, you are expected to orient the learners on how to
use this module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress
while allowing them to manage their own learning at home.
Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and assist the learners as
they do the tasks included in the module.

For the learner:

As a learner, you must learn to become responsible of your own
learning. Take time to read, understand, and perform the different
activities in the module.
As you go through the different activities of this module be
reminded of the following:
1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any
part of the module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the
exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer Let Us Try before moving on to the other
activities.
3. Read the instructions carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking
your answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are done.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this
module, do not hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always
bear in mind that you are not alone. We hope that through this material,
you will experience meaningful learning and gain deep understanding
of the relevant competencies. You can do it!

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 Let Us Learn

Greetings future physicists! For the third quarter, we are going to

venture into the Physics realm. Physics is the study of the world around us.
From the day we were born, we study things around us in an effort to
understand how they work and relate to each other. Learning how to catch or
throw a ball is an example of a physics undertaking.

In this field of study, we will try to make things that everyone has been
studying as clear as possible. We shall attempt to describe them through
simple rules and mathematics. For Mathematics, really, is the language of
Science.

The best approach to Physics is to relate everything you learn to things

you have already noticed in your everyday life. In this module, you will learn
the concepts of describing motion in terms of distance or displacement, and
speed or velocity. You shall learn their differences in describing motion of an
object in one dimension.

Specifically, you are expected to:

● Differentiate distance from displacement; and
● Differentiate speed from velocity.

Let Us Try!

Choose the best answer and write this on a separate paper.

1. Which of the following is the standard unit for speed?

A. km C. km/h
B. mile D. km/s

2. Which is an ideal reference point?

A. A non-moving object/landmark.
B. A flying colorful kite in the sky.
C. A dilapidated truck.
D. A red object.

3. What is the basic unit for measuring time?

A. hour C. month
B. second D. minute

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4. What do you call the change in position of an object?
A. force C. speed
B. motion D. velocity

5. Gary is sitting on a chair. He covers a distance with respect to which of the

following?
A. The object next to the chair where he was seated on.
B. The floor under the chair where he was seated on.
C. The house where he is in.
D. The sun.

Let Us Study

Read the situation, analyze the illustration below and answer the questions
that follow.
Distance, d (m) North

Distance, d (m) East

Questions:
1. What is the starting point of Benny? (Hint: it is not at 0m)
2. What is the total length, in meter(s) (m), did Benny cover in walking if
he walked from point A to B to C then to D?
3. If Benny’s friend, Logan, follows him but starts walking from point A
directly to point D, what is the total length, in meter(s) (m), will he
cover?

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 4. Who would have walked a longer distance, Benny or Logan? Explain
your answer.
Describing Motion
KINEMATICS is a sub-branch of Physics which deals with describing
the motion of objects using words, diagrams, numbers, graphs, and
equations. In this module, we will study such terms as scalars, vectors,
distance, displacement, speed, and velocity. These are the words we regularly
use to describe the motion of objects.
Fundamental Physical Quantities and Units of Measurement
Mathematics is the language of Science, particularly that of Physics.
Recall from your Math lessons in the second quarter where you discussed
measurement of physical quantities like length, mass, time, speed, et cetera.
You are now going to apply here what you have learned in Math.
The measurements of physical quantities are expressed in terms of
units, which are standardized values. For example, the length of a race, which
is a physical quantity, can be expressed in meters (for sprinters) or kilometers
(for long distance runners). Without standardized units, it would be extremely
difficult for scientists to express and compare measured values in a
meaningful way. (Texas Education Agency n.d.)
For the purpose of this module, we will only include length, time, and
mass in our discussion. Examine the table below where the three
fundamental physical quantities are listed along with their corresponding
units.
Physical Quantity Base Unit Unit
Quantity Symbol Name Symbol
Length, l
meter m
distance d
Mass m gram g
Time t second s, sec

Distance vs Displacement
A place or an object used to describe if something is in motion or not is
called a reference point. A good reference point gives you a precise
description of an object’s location or position.
A position may be described using information such as its length from
a reference point. However, there are two ways of expressing length of a
position depending on the needed information. The location may be described
in terms of the length of straight-line space between two positions which is
the displacement or the total length of a certain path between two positions
which is referred to as distance. (Albarico n.d.)

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 In the illustration given in Let Us Study, the total distance covered by
Benny when he walked from points A to D is 22 m. How far is point D from
his starting point A? That length is Benny’s displacement. Comparatively,
when Logan walked a straight path of 10 m from point A to point D, this length
is both his total distance and also his displacement, since he walked from the
starting point A to the endpoint D. Since displacement includes direction,
therefore Logan walked 10 m East.

Scalars and Vectors

The distance that we have discussed earlier is an example of a scalar
and displacement is a vector. What are scalars and vectors?
A scalar quantity is a quantity that can be completely described by a
magnitude only; that is simply a numerical value and a unit. All fundamental
quantities are scalar like length, mass and time to mention a few. Distance
and speed are also scalar quantities. (Valdoz, Abistado and Mariano 2013)
Vectors give a more specific information compared to scalars. For
example, in scalar, you may be running at a speed of 1 meter per second
whether you go east or beyond the Earth. In vectors, you do not only describe
how fast you are going but also where you are going.
We also deal with scalars in daily life. When you are riding a car, your
father will always monitor the speedometer to maintain the speed limit. As for
vectors, we also hear or read about them in news updates. For example,
Philippines is visited at an average of 20 typhoons every year. With that
frequency, imagine if the weather report is incomplete, you are only given how
fast is the moving wind or just the direction of the movement of the wind.
Preparation for the incoming calamity will be affected, people do not know
what to do.

Speed vs Velocity
Speed and velocity both measure an object’s rate of motion. The only
difference is that speed is scalar, and velocity is vector.
If an object is moving, we normally quantify it at the rate at which it
moves. This is called speed. (Gutierrez, Hagad and dela Cruz 2005). To
compute the speed of a moving object, divide the distance covered by the
object by the amount of time it takes to travel that distance. This relationship
is expressed as follows:
𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒
𝑠𝑝𝑒𝑒𝑑 =
𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑒

𝑑
𝑠=
𝑡

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 Units: 𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑠⁄ 𝑚
𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑑 = ⁄𝑠

𝑘𝑖𝑙𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑠⁄ 𝑘𝑚⁄
ℎ𝑜𝑢𝑟 = ℎ

Sample Problem 1: Let us find the speed of a car that travels 150 kilometers
in 3 hours.

Given: (What are known facts stated in the problem)

𝑑 = 150 𝑘𝑚
𝑡 = 3ℎ

Unknown: (What is asked in the problem)

s=?
Formula: (Mathematical expression to be used to solve the problem )
𝑑
𝑠=
𝑡

Solution: (Steps or mathematical expressions to follow to arrive at the correct

answer)
150 𝑘𝑚
𝑠=
3ℎ

𝑠 = 50 𝑘𝑚 ∕ ℎ

Sample Problem 2: Jeff is traveling for 2 hours now. If he covers 80 km,

what is his average speed?

Given: Solution:
80 𝑘𝑚
𝑑 = 80𝑘𝑚 𝑠= 2ℎ
𝑡 =2ℎ

𝑠 = 40 𝑘𝑚⁄ℎ

Unknown:
s=?
Formula:
𝑑
𝑠= 𝑡

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 Velocity is similar to speed except that it not only tells how fast or
how slow the motion is, it also indicates the direction. Velocity is calculated
as, (Ferriols and Faraon 2007)

𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑐𝑒𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡
𝑣𝑒𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑖𝑡𝑦 =
𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑒

𝑑
𝑣=
𝑡

As you go further up your studies in Physics, you will see this symbol, 𝒗⃗ , for
velocity with an arrow above it to denote that it is a vector quantity. For now, we
will just do without the arrow above the v.

Sample Problem 1: What is the velocity of an ambulance that travels 450 m

North in 25 seconds?

Given: Solution:
450𝑚
𝑑 = 450 𝑚 𝑣 = 25𝑠 𝑁𝑜𝑟𝑡ℎ
𝑡 = 25𝑆
𝑣 = 18 𝑚⁄𝑠 𝑁𝑜𝑟𝑡ℎ

Unknown:
v=?

Formula:
𝑑
𝑣=
𝑡

Sample Problem 2: A car is initially at rest. It travels 208 km heading east.

What is its velocity after 4 hours?

Given: Solution:
208 𝑘𝑚
𝑑 = 208 𝑘𝑚 𝑣= , 𝐸𝑎𝑠𝑡
4ℎ
𝑡 = 4ℎ
𝑣 = 52 𝑘𝑚/ℎ, 𝐸𝑎𝑠𝑡
Unknown:
v=?

Formula:
𝑑
𝑣=𝑡

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 Let Us Practice

Activity 1: Long or Short Way?

Direction: Study the illustration below.

A car is traveling from point A to point F.

Distance, d (m) North

Distance, d (m) East

Questions:

1. What is the total distance traveled by the car if it starts at point A going
to point B then C, D, E and ends at point F?
2. What is its displacement?
3. How do distance and displacement differ in this situation?

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 Let Us Practice More

Activity 2: Describe me!

A physics teacher walks around the four corners of the classroom. He

walks 4 meters North, 8 meters East, 4 meters South, and finally 8 meters
West. His motion is illustrated in the figure below. The entire motion lasted
for 25 seconds.

Figure 1: Motion of physics teacher around the room

Questions:

1. What is the distance covered by the physics teacher at the end of 25

seconds? How about his displacement?
2. What is the speed of the physics teacher after 25 seconds? How about
his velocity?

End of activity notes

Distance and displacement are both used to indicate length of two points.
Distance is a scalar quantity that refers to the actual path covered by an object
while displacement is a vector quantity that refers to the shortest path covered by
an object.

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 Let Us Remember

Reference Point is a place, or an object used to find or describe in

order to determine if something is in motion or not.
Scalar quantity is a quantity that can be completely described by a
magnitude only, that is simply a numerical value and a unit.
Vector quantity is a quantity that is expressed in both magnitude
and a direction.
Distance is a scalar quantity that refers to the total length of a
certain path between two positions.
Displacement is a vector quantity that refers to the length of a
straight-line space between two positions.
Speed is distance divided by time,
𝑑
𝑠=
𝑡

Velocity is displacement divided by time

𝑑
𝑣=
𝑡

Let Us Assess

Read the questions carefully. Choose the best answer and write it on a separate sheet
of paper.

1. Which of the following illustrates the difference between speed and velocity?
A. Velocity is when an object goes backwards.
B. Velocity is speed with direction.
C. Velocity is greater than speed.
D. Velocity is less than speed.

2. What should be considered in determining the speed of an object?

A. The mass and the volume of an object.
B. The shape of the object and how far it moves.
C. The weight of an object and the time it took to move.
D. The distance covered and the time it took the object to move.

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3. Which of the following is true for the displacement of an object?
A. It is always equal to the distance the object moved between its initial and
final positions.
B. It is both the straight-line distance the object moved as well as the
direction of its motion.
C. It is the straight-line distance the object moved between its initial and
final positions.
D. It is the direction the object moved between its initial and final positions.

4. While on a vacation, Carrie traveled a total of 250 km. It took her 5 hours to
reach her destination. What was her average speed?
A. 50 km/h C. 0.02 km/h
B. 40 km/h D. 0.75 km/h

5. Lisa walked 8 m East, 4 m South, 8 m

West and 4 m North. If it took her 24
seconds to complete the entire travel.
What is her velocity after 24 seconds?

A. 1 m/s North C. 0 m/s

B. 1 m/s D. 0 m/s South

6. Jimin finished the 500-meter run in 50 seconds. What was his speed?
A. 10 m/s C. 0.10 m/s
B. 40 m/s D. 10 m/s

7. What is the object’s location or place?

A. motion C. distance
B. position D. direction

8. Which of the following describes the change in object’s position with respect
to its reference point?
A. motion C. distance
B. position D. direction

9. Which of the following describes the measure of the distance travelled by an

object over time?
A. velocity C. distance
B. speed D. displacement

10. What do moving objects change when they alter their speed and direction?
A. velocity C. distance
B. range D. displacement

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11. What measures an object’s speed and direction?
A. velocity C. distance
B. speed D. displacement

12. What quantities do you need to have in order to compute for speed of a moving
object?
A. The amount of space an object covers and the amount of distance it
travels.
B. The distance an object travels and the time it takes to cover that distance.
C. The time it takes an object to arrive to its destination
D. The distance the object covers.

13. Which of the following words DOES NOT describe the object’s direction when
in motion?
A. right C. north
B. east D. body

14. A bus travelled along Carlos P. Garcia highway for half an hour at 15 km.
What quantity can you calculate from the given quantities in the problem?
A. speed C. position
B. mass D. velocity

15. A man circles an oval field once. What is his distance and displacement
travelled?
A. Both the distance and displacement of a man is zero.
B. The distance of a man is zero while the displacement is the circumference
of the oval field.
C. The distance of a man is the circumference of the oval field while
displacement is zero.
D. Both the distance and displacement of a man is equal to the
circumference of the oval field.

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 Let Us Enhance

Activity 3: How fast…where did it go?

Direction: Read the sample weather bulletin.

Weather Bulletin: Tropical Cyclone Typhoon Rolly (GONI)

Sunday, 1 November, 2020 at 4:00 PM (DOST PAG-ASA 2020)
Location of Center 50 km South Southwest of Tayabas, Quezon
Coordinates 13.6⁰ N, 121.4⁰ E
Strength of the Winds Maximum sustained winds of 165 km/h near
the center and gustiness of up to 230 km/h.
Movement Moving westward at 25 km/h
Forecast positions (24 hours) Afternoon of November 2: 300 km
West of Iba, Zambales
15.1⁰ N, 117.2⁰ E
(48 hours) Afternoon of November 3: 665 km
West of Iba, Zambales
Outside PAR (15⁰ N, 113.8⁰ E)
(72 hours) Afternoon of November 4: 935 km
West of Central Luzon
Outside PAR (14.7⁰ N, 111.6⁰ E)

Questions:
1. What is the speed of the typhoon winds?
2. What is the velocity of the typhoon?
3. How does speed differ from velocity?
4. How important is knowing the velocity in determining the weather
forecast for the next hours?

Let Us Reflect

Why do you think one of the most important road signs a driver must
be aware of is the speed limit? Speed limit was implemented on roads and
highways to reduce the risks made by drivers when they create their own
speeds. It ensures the safety of the passenger, and most importantly, the
public in general to untoward accidents and collision of cars. In addition to
that, it also reduces emission on pollutants and particulate matter (PM) from
diesel vehicles. Driving in a lower speed reduces also fuel consumption.
Imagine our roads and highways populated with undisciplined drivers
who drives in their own speed, what would happen?

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 13
Activity 3
Activity 2
Activity 1
Let Us Assess. Let Us Assess Let Us Assess Let Us Try
11. 6. 1. 1. C
12. 7. 2. 2. A
3. B
13. 8. 3. 4. B
14. 9. 5. D
4.
15. 10. 5.
Answer Key
 References

Albarico, Joni M, Avasar, Ruel G., Delos Santos, Maria Leonora, Lim,
Bernadette F., Pangalilinan, Mary Ann I. n.d. Integrated Science. Lipa
City, Batangas 4217: United Eferza Academic Publications, Co.
DOST PAG-ASA. 2020. Severe Weather Bulletin #17. Weather Bulletin,
Quezon City: Facebook.
Ferriols, Josefina Ma. Pavico, and Genevieve Darvin Faraon. 2007.
Integrated Science. Quezon City: Phoenix Publishing House, Inc.
Gutierrez, Joseph Villasana, Hilda Ropelos Hagad, and Susana Barzabal
dela Cruz. 2005. Integrated Science. Quezon City: Phoenix Publishing
House, Inc.
Joni M. Albarico, et al. n.d. Integrated Science. Lipa City, Batangas 4217:
United Eferza Academic Publications, Co.
Valdoz, Meliza P., Jonna M. Abistado, and Jan Jason M. Mariano. 2013.
Science Links. Sampaloc,Manila: Rex Book Store, Inc.
For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education – Davao City Division

E. Quirino Avenue, Davao City

Telephone: (082) 227 4762

Email Address: lrms.davaocity@deped.gov.ph