Study of Genetically modified

crops

Presented by:-
15. Tanisha madhavi
39. Pearl serrao
41. Sejal singh
44. Sakshi thasal
54. Bhavika bhapodra
Introduction to Genetically modified
crops:-
● Genetically modified crops (GM crops) are crops
which have had their DNA altered in a way that does
not occur naturally.
● Produced by introducing a gene from an unrelated
organism , also known as foreign gene or transgene
(ie.transferred gene) by suitable genetic engineering
techniques
● Transgene on expression give new character which is
absent in the population of species
● Genetically modified crop techniques
are used for the production of crops
like corn , maize watermelon, papaya
capsicum etc .
● Genetically modified crops can be
exploited in Agriculture,
horticulture,Medicine floriculture etc
How Genetic modification of
crops work:-
● First DNA extraction is done
● Then gene is inserted into a vector with a
selectable antibiotic resistance marker gene
● Then vector is copied in bacteria
● Load the vector coated particles onto the teflon
bullet
● Load the bullet into the gene gun
● Shooting the gene gun releases the particles at
high velocity penetrating the plant cell
● The vector enters the cells . The genes are
incorporated into the plant genome
● The cells are placed on a selective antibiotic
media . Only cells that have incorporated the
vector will grow
● These cells are transferred to medium containing
plant growth factors.
 Techniques of genetically modified crops:-

1. Chemically stimulated DNA uptake by

plant protoplast
2. Electroporation
3. Shot gun Method
4. Indirect gene transfer technique
5. Agrobacterium mediated gene transfer
technique
Advantages and Disadvantages of genetically
modified crops:-
Advantage:-
1. Improves production
2. Reduces the use of pesticides
3. Reduced input burden
4. Longer shelf life
5. Affordability Longer shelf life

6. Fortification
7. Disease resistance
Disadvantages:-
1. Disrupt the natural process
2. Increases the cost of cultivation
3. Endanger environment
4. Health risk
5. Ineffective overtime
6. Cross contamination
7. Antibiotics resistance
Conclusion:-
● It is a fact that Genetically modified crops are more productive and
cost effective. However they are not solution to world hungry.
● From an economic point of view , It is the manufacturing
industries the one that benefit from these crops
● It can be claimed that the production of Gm crops will increase in
the next few years,which will enlarge the economic and social
differences among the people as the world is ruled by capitalism
and not by concept of justice and equality
Bibliography:-
● https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetica
lly_modified_crops
● https://royalsociety.org/topics-policy/proj
ects/gm-plants/what-is-gm-and-how-is-it-
done/
● https://www.slideshare.net/mobile/sajige
orge64/genetically-modified-crops-17508
7408
Thank you!