Cambridge International AS Level Chemistry Answers to end-of-chapter questions

Answers to EOCQs
Chapter 9 part a

Number of molecules
part d
1 a more particles per cm3 / particles closer
together;[1]
so more frequent collisions [1]
3
b more particles per cm / particles closer higher temperature
part f
together / more frequent collisions [1] part e
part c
c more surface area exposed to reaction; [1] 0
0 Ea(cat) Ea
therefore more frequent collisions [1] Energy
d The higher the temperature, the greater the a x-axis = energy [1]
average kinetic energy of the particles. [1] y-axis = number of molecules [1]
This leads to more frequent collisions. [1] graph line rises from (0, 0) to peak [1]
More of the reactant particles possess the tails off but doesn’t reach x-axis[1]
activation energy. [1]
b The minimum energy [1]
The frequency of successful / effective
for a collision to be effective. [1]
collisions increases. [1]
Total = 9 c Ea shown as vertical line; [1]
area under graph to the right of Ea line is
2 When sketching graphs like these, it is shaded[1]
important to attend to all the details, as d labelled vertical line to the left of the original
follows: Ea line [1]
■■ Part a: the line starts at the origin, it rises
e area under graph to the right of Ea(cat) line is
to a curved peak then descends towards
shaded[1]
the bottom axis, but doesn’t touch it or
cut it. The line is not symmetrical. The f Graph line starts at (0, 0), has lower slope and
label on the left-hand axis is ‘number of peak than original line so its peak is moved to
molecules’ or ‘number of molecules with the right; [1]
energy E’, not ‘number of molecules with tails off above original line. [1]
Total = 12
energy Ea’.
■■ Part c: the Boltzmann distribution is most part c:
3 activation
relevant for a slow reaction, i.e. one with energies
part a:
a high value of Ea, so put your Ea well over without catalyst

to the right. part b:

with catalyst
■■ Part f: your second curve should also N2(g) + 3H2(g)
Enthalpy

start at the origin. It should rise at a more

shallow angle to the original curve. Its
peak should be lower and to the right of 2NH3(g)
the peak of the original curve. It should
cross the original curve then stay above Reaction pathway
the original curve as it descends.
a reactant line and product line linked by ‘up
and over’ curve with product line lower than
reactant line [1]
b as part a, but height of ‘up and over’ curve is
lower[1]

Cambridge International AS and A Level Chemistry © Cambridge University Press 2014

 Cambridge International AS Level Chemistry Answers to end-of-chapter questions

c Activation energy shown as vertical distance

from reactant line to top of curve. [1]
Total = 3

4 It may help with this question to draw an

energy profile diagram first.
a 2NH3(g) → N2(g) + 3H2(g)[3]
[1 mark for correct formulae; 1 mark for
balancing; 1 mark for state symbols]
b Ea = +335 – 92 = +243 kJ mol–1[3]
[1 mark for use of these quantities; 1 mark for
subtracting 92 from 335; 1 mark for correct
answer with units]
c It will lower the activation energy. [1]
Total = 7

Cambridge International AS and A Level Chemistry © Cambridge University Press 2014