Module 2: Activity No.

1
Exercises Problem on Thin – Walled Pressure Vessels

Name: de Guzman, Alvin Jr.

Student No. 20160145379

Problem No 1:

A storage tank (cylindrical) for air, 36 inches in diameter, is to withstand an internal

pressure of 200 psi with a design factor of 4 based on the ultimate point. The steel has a
strength equivalent to AISI C1020 annealed and the welded joints should have a relative
strength of 90%. Determine a suitable plate thickness. Compute the stress on the
longitudinal section and compare it with the stress on the diametral section.

𝑮𝒊𝒗𝒆𝒏:
𝑃 = 200 𝑘𝑠𝑖
𝐷 = 36 𝑖𝑛
𝜀 = 90%
𝐴𝐼𝑆𝐼 𝐶1020 𝑎𝑛𝑛𝑒𝑎𝑙𝑒𝑑

𝑺𝒐𝒍𝒖𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏:

𝐹𝑜𝑟 𝐶1020 𝑎𝑛𝑛𝑒𝑎𝑙𝑒𝑑

𝑠𝑢 = 57 𝑘𝑠𝑖

𝜎𝑡 = 𝜎𝑑
𝑠𝑢 𝑝𝐷
=
𝐹𝑆 2𝑡𝜀

𝑆𝑜𝑙𝑣𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑒 𝑡ℎ𝑖𝑐𝑘𝑛𝑒𝑠𝑠;

𝑠𝑢 𝑃𝐷
= 2𝑡𝜀
𝐹𝑆
57 (0.2 𝑘𝑠𝑖)(36 𝑖𝑛)
=
4 2(𝑡)(0.9)

𝒕 = 𝟎. 𝟐𝟖𝟏 𝒊𝒏

𝑆𝑡𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑠 𝑜𝑛 𝑙𝑜𝑛𝑔𝑖𝑡𝑢𝑑𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑙 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛:

𝑃𝐷
𝜎𝑡 = 2𝑡𝜀
(0.2 𝑘𝑠𝑖)(36 𝑖𝑛)
𝜎𝑡 = 2(0.281 𝑖𝑛)(0.9)

𝝈𝒕 = 𝟏𝟒 𝟐𝟑𝟒. 𝟖𝟖 𝒑𝒔𝒊
𝑆𝑡𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑠 𝑜𝑛 𝑑𝑖𝑎𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑙 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛:
𝑃𝐷
𝜎𝑡 = 4𝑡𝜀
(0.2 𝑘𝑠𝑖)(36 𝑖𝑛)
𝜎𝑡 = 4(0.281 𝑖𝑛)(0.9)

𝝈𝒕 = 𝟕 𝟏𝟏𝟕. 𝟒𝟒 𝒑𝒔𝒊

∴ 𝑆𝑡𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑠 𝑜𝑛 𝑑𝑖𝑎𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑙 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 < 𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑠 𝑜𝑛 𝑙𝑜𝑛𝑔𝑖𝑡𝑢𝑑𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑙 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛

Problem No 2:

A spherical tank stores air at 3000 psig. The tank is to have an inside diameter of 7 inches.
(a) What should be the wall thickness and weight of the tank if it is made of 302, ¼ hard
stainless steel with a design factor of 1.5 based on yield point and a joint efficiency of
90%? (b) Compute the wall thickness and weight if annealed titanium (B265, gr. 5) is
used? (c) What is the additional saving in weight if the titanium is hardened?
Use Table At 3 and 4 for Sy and density.

𝑮𝒊𝒗𝒆𝒏:
𝑷 = 𝟑𝟎𝟎𝟎 𝒑𝒔𝒊𝒈
𝐷 = 7 𝑖𝑛
1
302, 4 ℎ𝑎𝑟𝑑 𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑖𝑛𝑙𝑒𝑠𝑠 𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑒𝑙
𝑠𝑦 = 75 𝑘𝑠𝑖
𝐹𝑆 = 3
𝜀 = 0.9

𝑺𝒐𝒍𝒖𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏:

𝒂. )
𝑠𝑦
𝑡𝑑 = 𝐹𝑆
75 𝑘𝑠𝑖
𝑡𝑑 =
1.5
𝑡𝑑 = 50 𝑘𝑠𝑖

𝑆𝑜𝑙𝑣𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑡ℎ𝑖𝑐𝑘𝑛𝑒𝑠𝑠;

𝑷𝑫
𝝈 = 𝟒𝒕𝜺

𝑊ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒 𝑡𝑑 = 50 𝑘𝑠𝑖

(3 𝑘𝑠𝑖)(7 𝑖𝑛)
50 𝑘𝑠𝑖 = 4(𝑡)(0.9)

𝒕 = 𝟎. 𝟏𝟏𝟔𝟕 𝒊𝒏

𝑆𝑜𝑙𝑣𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑤𝑒𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡 𝑢𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛;

𝐷𝑜 = 𝐷𝑖 + 2𝑡
𝐷𝑜 = 7 𝑖𝑛 + 2(0.1167 𝑖𝑛)
𝐷𝑜 = 72334 𝑖𝑛

𝑊 = 𝑝𝑔𝑉
𝑙𝑏 𝜋
𝑊 = 0.286 [ (7.23343 − 73 )𝑖𝑛]
𝑖𝑛3 6

𝑾 = 𝟓. 𝟑𝟏𝟏 𝒍𝒃
𝒃. )

𝑎𝑛𝑛𝑒𝑎𝑙𝑒𝑑 𝑡𝑖𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑢𝑚 𝐵265, 𝑔𝑟. 5

𝑆𝑦 = 130 𝑘𝑠𝑖
𝐹𝑆 = 1.5

𝑈𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛;

𝑆𝑦
𝑡𝑑 = 𝐹𝑆
130𝑘𝑠𝑖
𝑡𝑑 = 1.5
𝑡𝑑 = 86.67 𝑘𝑠𝑖

𝑆𝑜𝑙𝑣𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑡ℎ𝑖𝑐𝑘ness;

𝑝𝐷
𝜎=
4𝑡𝜀
𝑡𝑑 = 86.67 𝑘𝑠𝑖
(3 𝑘𝑠𝑖)(7 𝑖𝑛)
86.67 𝑘𝑠𝑖 =
4(𝑡)(0.90)

𝒕 = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟔𝟕𝟑 𝒊𝒏

𝑆𝑜𝑙𝑣𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑤𝑒𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡 𝑢𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑔;

𝐷𝑜 = 𝐷𝑖 + 2𝑡
𝐷𝑜 = 7 + 2(0.0673 𝑖𝑛)
𝐷𝑜 = 7.1346 𝑖𝑛

𝑊 = 𝑝𝑔𝑉
𝑙𝑏 𝜋
𝑊 = 0.16 [ (7.13463 − 73 )𝑖𝑛3 ]
𝑖𝑛3 6

𝑾 = 𝟏. 𝟔𝟖𝟗𝒍𝒃
 𝒄. )

ℎ𝑎𝑟𝑑𝑒𝑛𝑒𝑑 𝑡𝑖𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑢𝑚 𝐵265, 𝑔𝑟. 5

𝑆𝑦 = 158 𝑘𝑠𝑖
𝐹𝑆 = 1.5

𝑈𝑠𝑒 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛;

𝑆𝑦
𝑡𝑑 = 𝐹𝑆
158𝑘𝑠𝑖
𝑡𝑑 = 1.5
𝑡𝑑 = 105.33 𝑘𝑠𝑖

𝑆𝑜𝑙𝑣𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑡ℎ𝑖𝑐𝑘𝑛𝑒𝑠𝑠;

𝑝𝐷
𝜎=
4𝑡𝜀
𝑡𝑑 = 105.33 𝑘𝑠𝑖
(3 𝑘𝑠𝑖)(7 𝑖𝑛)
105.33 𝑘𝑠𝑖 =
4(𝑡)(0.90)

𝒕 = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟓𝟓𝟒 𝒊𝒏

𝑆𝑜𝑙𝑣𝑒 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑤𝑒𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡 𝑢𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑔;

𝐷𝑜 = 𝐷𝑖 + 2𝑡
𝐷𝑜 = 7 + 2(0.0554 𝑖𝑛)
𝐷𝑜 = 7.1108 𝑖𝑛

𝑊 = 𝑝𝑔𝑉
𝑙𝑏 𝜋
𝑊 = 0.16 [ (7.11083 − 73 )𝑖𝑛3 ]
𝑖𝑛3 6

𝑾 = 𝟏. 𝟑𝟖𝟔 𝒍𝒃

(1.689 − 1.386)𝑙𝑏
𝑆𝑎𝑣𝑖𝑛𝑔𝑠 𝑖𝑛 𝑤𝑒𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡 = (100%)
1.689 𝑙𝑏

𝑺𝒂𝒗𝒊𝒏𝒈𝒔 𝒊𝒏 𝒘𝒆𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕 = 𝟏𝟕. 𝟗𝟒%