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1 Agha Zuhaib Khan

Sociology
Year: 2000

TIME ALLOWED: 3 HOURS MAXIMUM MARKS:100

NOTE: Attempt FIVE questions in all, including Question No.8, Which is Compulsory. All
questions carry equal marks.

1. If heredity makes what an individual is (Bio-sociological view), then how and what do groups
contribute in socializing us to become interactive and useful members of society?

2. Keeping in view the contributions by Max Weber and Karl Marx elaborate the salient features
of the schools of sociological thought they present.

3. Define and differentiate social and cultural change. Discuss the impediments to change with
reference to the resistance to change in Pakistani society and culture.

4. Which one of the design(s) of social research is more preferred by sociologists and why?

5. Define social problem. Discuss the causes and consequences of smuggling specially the socio-
cultural dimensions of the problem.

6. Critically evaluate the:

(a) Feudal system in Pakistan

(b) Issues of urbanization in Pakistan.

7. Discuss the:

(a) Cultural implications of the small/nuclear family

(b) Social consequences of high population growth rate.

COMPULSORY QUESTION

8. Write the correct answer only in the Answer Book. Don’t reproduce the questions.

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2 Agha Zuhaib Khan

(1) Ethnocentrism means:

(a) Cultural domination of an ethnic group
(b) Ethnicity taken as the unit of analysis in Scientific explorations.
(c) Feeling of superiority of ones own group over others.
(d) The policy of political participation on ethnic grounds.
(e) None of these.

(2) "Significant Others" is the term coined by:

(a) Max Weber (b) Ferdinand Tonnies

(c) George H. Mead (d) C.H. Cooly (e) None of these.

(3) Who strongly believed in social DARWINISM particularly the "survival of the fittest"?

(a) Karl Marx (b) Spencer (c) Ibn-i-Khaldun

(d) George Hegel (e) None of these. -.

(4) Fact may be defined as:

(a) A commonly shared reality (b) What everyone knows as true (c) That speaks itself
(d) Verified and verifiable statement. (e) None of these.

(5) Research design is:

(a) The developing of techniques of data collection

(b) An overall outline of the procedures and operations that includes methods, techniques and
tools of the study.
(c) The decisions that a researcher makes/takes to verify the data.
(d) The way to participate in an ongoing research project.
(e) None of these.

(6) Social Mobility Means:

(a) Traveling of groups from one place to another.

(b) Participation in the cultural activities of modern age.
(c) Migration from rural to urban areas.
(d) Movement of people between positions on different levels.
(e) None of these.

(7) Diffusion is the process of change that stands for:

(a) Transmission of traits and trait complexes from one generation to the other.
(b) Combining of the existing elements to take a new form.

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3 Agha Zuhaib Khan

(c) Process of spread of the cultural traits, trait complexes and patterns in space.
(d) A process that eliminates the confusions leading to conflict.
(e) None of these.

(8). The concept alienation was first introduced by:

(a) Max Weber (b) Karl Marx (c) August Comte

(d) C.W. Mills (e) None of these.

(9) Cultural Lag refers to:

(a) A situation where, the Pace’ of change between symbolic and material culture is uneven.
(b) The state when symbolic culture does not change at all.
(c) The Phenomenon indicating lesser pace of change in symbolic culture compared to material
one.
(d) When people actively resist change. -
(e) None of these.

(10) By culture change we mean:

(a) The change in fashions like that of dress, ornaments, music etc.
(b) The system of political governance and economic organization do not remain the same.
(c) The latest technology is adopted like fax, Internet etc.
(d) Alternation in the actual ways of behaving of people as a result of change in ideals, ideas
and ideology.
(e) None of these.

(11) Vital statistics is about:

(a) Births and deaths

(b) Number of deaths per thousand
(c) In and out migration
(d) Fertility and mortality of economically active population.
(e) None of these.

(12) Social -Institution may be defined as:

(a) Constellation of folkways and mores around some important function or functions of
society.
(b) The People and the buildings at which they work.
(c) A Group of people living and working together for some cause.
(d) A God given way of doing.
(e) None of these.

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4 Agha Zuhaib Khan

(13) A Social. Problem is:

(a) Difficulty faced by people.

(b) Difficulty faced and realized by people.
(c) An issue that the’ experts realize to be discussed and resolved.
(d) Difficulty faced by the people who . realize that some could be removed ameliorated
through collective social action.
(e) None of these.

(14) Pull and push factors are basic themes of discussion! Analysis for:

(a) Social change

(b) Migration
(c) Cultural diffusion
(d) Social Mobility
(e) None of these

(15) Who thought that the moving force behind the new-capitalism stood Calvinism?

(a) Emile Durkheim

(b) Max Weber
(c) Spencer
(d) Karl Marx
(e) None of these

(16) who has written the book "LIVING ISALM"?

(a) Hamza Alvi. -. "

(b) A.H. Dani.
(c) Sabiha Hafeez. . -
(d) Akbar S. Ahmad.
(e) None of these.

(17) SAP stands for:

(a) Social Activity Programming.

(b) Social Action Planning.
(c) Sociological Association of Pakistan.
(d) Socio-archeological plan of Pakistan.
(e) None of these.

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5 Agha Zuhaib Khan

(18) An operational definition of a concept is:

(a) Classical definition.

(b) In the head definition.
(c) A primer of guidelines for the researcher regarding field operations.
(d) Abstracted and generalized version of reality.
(e) None of these.

(19) The concept of CULTURAL LAG was propounded by:

(a) Ibn-i-Khaldun.
(b) Max Weber.
(c) Merton.
(d) Ogburn & Nimkoff.
(e) None of these.

(20) Socially approved ways of behaving are called:

(a) Cultural- traits.

(b) Folkways.
(c) Social norms.
(d) Mores.
(e) None of these.

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1 Agha Zuhaib Khan

Sociology
Year: 2006

TIME ALLOWED: 3 HOURS MAXIMUM MARKS:100

NOTE: Attempt FIVE questions in all, including Question No.8, Which is Compulsory. All
questions carry equal marks.

Q.1. what is the role of C.W. Mills in the development of Frankfurt school of conflict theory? Where and
how he differs from his contemporaries? Discuss with evidence.

Q.2. What is a research design? What type of research design can used for studying the problems of
drug addiction/HIV/AIDS in Pakistani society? Discuss with examples.

Q.3. rural-Urban migration is causing labour-drain from rural communities. What problems this situation
is creating in the labour market of rural communities. As a subject scholor, what solutions do you
suggest to minimize these problems? Discuss with examples.

Q.4. there is a thesis that “the development programmes/ strategies to change the fate of poor farming
community in rural Pakistan are not based upon the evidence-based policy. Therefore, a failure in this
regard is being faced for the last several decades”. How do you support this thesis? Make an evidence-
based argument in the light of different evaluations/assessments made for rural development in
Pakistan.

Q.5. what role biradri/caste system is playing in decision making on political issues especially local
bodies elections in rural areas of Pakistan? How this biradri-based political organization influences the
community development process? Discuss in the light of issues/conflicts arising from the situation and
their impact on the individual, family and society.

Q.6. Define social institution. What is the significance of family, religion and education as institutions in
the process of socialization? Explain your answer with examples from Pakistan society.

Q.7. write short notes on the following:

a) Drug Abuse
b) Social Conflicts

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2 Agha Zuhaib Khan

COMPULSORY QUESTION

Egoistic, the special type of stucide presented by Emile Durkheim, springing from:
(a) Excessive irregulation (b) Excessive individualism
(c) over integration with group (d) None of these b.

To Simmel, a mean of maintaining or increasing integration within groups is:

(a) Co-operation (b) Competition
(c) Coercion (d) Conflict

Sociology is introduced as an academic discipline by:

(a) Ibn-e-Khaldun (b) Auguste Conte (c) George Simmel (d) Herbert Spencer

Society as a complex organization of parts that functiop. to fulfill the requiremem a..'1d promote the
needs of the whole, is a concept of:
(a) Structural Functionalism (b) Interaction School of thought
(c) Phenomology (d) None of these

The concepts of "Protestant" and "Bourgeoise" were presented by:

(a) Talcat parson (b) Karl Marx
(c) Max Weber (d) Emile Durkheim

In "The Division of Labor in Society", Emile Durkheim presented the idea of:
(a) Mechanical & organic solidarity (b) Social & psychologica! solidarity
(c) Physical & social solidarity (dJ Psychological & mechanica.: solidarIty
(e) None of these

A large kinship group whose members inhibit one geographical area and belieye the: are descendent
from a common anceStor is knO\\ll as:
(a) clan (b) Tribe
(d) class (e) None of these
(c) Kin group

The process by which cultural traits spread from one group or society to another is called:
(a) Folkways
(d) cultural diffusion
(b) counter culture
(e) None of these
( c) cultural complexes

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3 Agha Zuhaib Khan

The phenomena when educated and highly skilled people emigrate to a new country, their home
country loses, is referred as:
(a) Chain migration (b) Life-time migration (c) Brain Drain
(d) Mover (e) None of these

A social condition in which values are conflicting, weak or absent is called:

(a) Assimilation (b) Hawthrne effect (c) invasion
(d) Anomie (e.) None of these

The psychological stress caused when a person faces rapid cultura: change is called~
(a) Cultural shock (h) R~ ~ -c- n_"- ~.

(1) Any method of data collection that directly removes the researcher from research site
~: .
(a) Erosion measure (b) Accretion measure
(c) Unobtrusive measure (d) None ofthese c.

2. Commonly used measure of variability whose size indicates the dispersion of a

distribution is: .
(a) Standard deviation
(c) Standard score
(b) Co-efficient of variation
(d) Variance .

In sample selection a threat that occurs when individuals have been assigned to the experimental group
on the basis of their extreme score on dependent variable is referred.as:
(a) Experimental mortality (c) Maturation

Co-efficient of variation Variance .A.

3. In sample selection a threat that occurs when individuals have been assigned to the experimental
group on the basis of their extreme score on dependent variable is referred.as:
(a) Experimental mortality (b) Regression artifact (c) Maturation (d) None of these

4. An overall scheme of scientific activities in which scientists engage in order to produce knowledge is a:
(a) Research process (b) Research model
(c) Research methodology (d) Research design

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4 Agha Zuhaib Khan
5. When there is an inherent causal link between dependent and independent variables, the relationship
is:
(a) Non-spurious
( c) significant relationship
(b) Spurious (d) None of these

6. Questions that are relevant to some respondents, may be irrelevant to others are known as:
(a) Double barreled questions (b) Leading questions
(c) Contingency questions (d) Matrix questions

7. Stratified sample falls under:

(a) Probability sampling design (b)Non probability sampling
(c) Multi-stage sample design (d) None of these

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1 Agha Zuhaib Khan

Sociology
Year: 2007

TIME ALLOWED: 3 HOURS MAXIMUM MARKS:100

NOTE: Attempt FIVE questions in all, including Question No.8, Which is Compulsory. All
questions carry equal marks.

Q.1. Individual is product of society and culture. Different methods of socialization lead to a variety of
building norms and values in the personality of individuals. Discuss:

(a) the relationsship of indiviual, society and culture.

(b) different methods of socialization
(c) the variation exemplified due to different methods of socialization in norms and values.

Q.2. What major contributions were made by Emile Durkhiem and Max Weber to the understanding of
society theoretically? How far the two theories can be taken relevant today?

Q.3.Aresearch design is a roadmap for investigation. Discuss the major decisions a researcher makes in
designing a study. While discussing decisions, identify a research problem with reference to which the
designinghas been envisaged.

Q.4. Discuss the class structure of Pakistani society with special rrefrence to:

(a) the influence of the class structure at the time of independence.

(b) the determinants of social mobility (c) the feudal system

Q.5. Political thinkers in Pakistan lament that man in the street is alienated. Do u agree to the statement
and if you agree give reasons. Discuss:

(A) nature of alienation

(b)Integration
(c) Integrative patterns in Pakistan

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2 Agha Zuhaib Khan

Q.6. Write a comprehensive note( with an outline) on any three of the following:

(a) Incentives and inhibitions to social and cultural change in Pakistan.

(b) Rural-Urban convergence and the future of cities in Pakistan
(c)The nature and genesis of social institutions with special refrence to political institutions.
(d) Demographic transitions identifying the stage in Pakistan.

Q.7. In the light of theoretical perspectives (Hegel, Marx, Coser,Mills) explain the true nature of conflict.
Discuss the various forms of pervasive conflict in Pakistan Society.

Q.8. Write only the correct answer in the Answer Book. Do not reproduce the question.

(1) Etnocentricism means:

(a) Evaluating other cultures with the Yardstick of your own values.
(b)Taking other nations as good as your own one but disowned
(c)No other society is like your's and your society or group is superior to
others.
(d) None of these.

(2) Social facts have thier independent existence and must be studied
likewise. Who remarked above when discussing scientific method:
(a)Ibn-i-Khaldun
(b)Emile Durkhiem
(c)Auguste Comte
(d) None of These

(3) An exploratory research design the major focus is on:

(a) Experimentation
(b) Hypothesetesting
(c) Profile development and description
(d) None of these

(4) Diffusion of innovations among cultures means:

(a) Traveling of traits and patterns in space/territory
(b) Transmission of trait complexes in time.
(c) Both(a) and (b)
(d) None of these

(5) Social institutions are ;

(a) God-given and cannot be changed

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3 Agha Zuhaib Khan
(b) Buildings and people who operate there
(c) Consultellation of folkways and moresaround some important functions(s) of society.
(d) None of these.

(6)A counter culture:

(a) Has to be against the existing cultural ethos/values
(b) May not be against the existing cultural ethos/values
(c) If different from the existing culture may never succeed to survive
(d) None of these.

(7) Family Laws Ordinance was passed for the first time in:
(a) 1961
(b) 1973
(c) 1985
(d) None of these.

(8) Demographic Transition exhibits:

(a) High birth rate and low death rate in its first phase
(b) high death rate and low birth rate in its first phase.
(c) High birth rate and high death rate in its first phase.
(d) None of these.

(9) As a conquence of rural urban migration:

(a) more and more urbanization is takling place successfully
(b) ruralization of urban areas is takling place
(c) ruralization of urban areas and ribbon growth seem to be the result
(d) None of these

(10) In a patriarchal family the major decision are taken by the:

(a)Old men and women
(b)The male or female head of the family
(c)The male head of the family who weilds all powers
(d)None of these.

(11) Sociologists believ that:

(a) biology being the major constraints does not allow any change in human nature hence socialization
does not change much of human individual
nature.
(b) Individaul is the product of social group within which he is socialized
(c)The-nature controversy has ended in favour of nurture and the
bio-sociologists have failed to promote thier thesis.
(d) None of these

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4 Agha Zuhaib Khan
(12)A double-barrelle question has the potential of having:
(a) Two acceptable responses/answers
(b)Two answers but incompatible with each other
(c) Both (a) and (b)
(d) None of these .

(13) Those who cannot compete have no right for higher learning and must be refused accordingly who
believed in the above thesis?
(a) Auguste comte
(b)Spencer
(c) Karl max
(d) None of these

(14) Whose theorizing social change is depicted/comes closer to Iqbal's verse:

"AA tujh ko bataon main taqdeer umam kia hai
shamsher w sanna awwal taoos w rabab aakhir"
(a) Karl- Marx
(b) Ibn-i-Khaldun
(c)George Hegel
(d) None of these.

(15) The lowest density of populationper square kilometer is found in:

(a) Sindh
(b) N.W.F.P
(c)Baluchistan
(c) None of these

(16) Alteration is the state of affairs in which:

(a) the society has no norms and if there are any nobody follows the
(b) the individual has no claim over the product that he has finished
(c) the worker is least emotionally related to the product that he develops, the co-workers and the work
emviorment.

(17) The rate of return for a mailed questionaire is usually:

(a) very high
(b) very low
(c) it can be both (a) and(b)
(d) None of these

(18) According to Emile Durkhiem the Mechanical Solidarity is based on:

(a) blood relations and neighbourhood
(b) division of labour and specialization

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5 Agha Zuhaib Khan
(c) The contribution individuals make to each other
(d) None of these

(19) Cultural Shock is caused by:

(a) Playing is different role and getting role strain
(b) finding values, norms and customs against ones cultural socialization
usually opposite to what one has been socilizad in and they turn out to
be dysfunctional.
(c) Both (a) and (b)
(d) None of these

(20) Standard deviation in statistics is the measure that indicates in essence the :
(a) Central tendency
(b) Spread of the sample means/values
(c) Both (a) and (b)
(d) None of

www.css2012.co.nr
SOCIOLOGY
FEDERAL PUBLIC SERVICE COMMISSION
COMPETITIVE EXAMINATION FOR Roll No.
RECRUITMENT TO POSTS IN BPS-17 UNDER
THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT, 2009
SOCIOLOGY

(PART-I) 30 MINUTES MAXIMUM MARKS:20

TIME ALLOWED:
(PART-II) 2 HOURS & 30 MINUTES MAXIMUM MARKS:80

NOTE: (i) First attempt PART-I (MCQ) on separate Answer Sheet which shall be taken back
after 30 minutes.
(ii) Overwriting/cutting of the options/answers will not be given credit.

PART – I (MCQ)
(COMPULSORY)
Q.1. Select the best option/answer and fill in the appropriate box on the Answer Sheet. (20)
(i) Ferdinand Tonnies used the term ________ to refer to societies dominated by impersonal
relationships, individual accomplishment and self-interests.
(a) Society (b) Gesellschaft
(c) Community (d) Gemeinschaft
(ii) When the researcher asks the respondent face to face questions, this method is called ________.
(a) Interview Schedule (b) Questionnaire
(c) Observation (d) Interview guide
(iii) ________ is the process by which people learn all patterns of social life.
(a) Interaction (b) Communication
(c) Socialization (d) Dissemination
(iv) According to _______ all societies across the world are stratified.
(a) Anthropologists (b) Sociologists
(c) Economists (d) Political Scientists
(v) Biological characteristics distinguishing male from female is called ________.
(a) Hetrosexuality (b) Gender
(c) Sex (d) Homosexuality
(vi) A family consisting of step relations is called ________.
(a) Plural family (b) Joint family
(c) Extended family (d) Compound family
(vii) Power that people consider legitimate is known as _________.
(a) Force (b) Right
(c) Authority (d) Privilege
(viii) Mugging, rape and burglary are examples of _________ crimes.
(a) Organized crimes (b) General crimes
(c) Street crimes (d) Modern crimes
(ix) A norm is always enforced by sanctions.
(a) True (b) False
(x) Society is the largest and most complex group that sociologists study.
(a) True (b) False
(xi) Endogamy is the marriage among certain relatives.
(a) True (b) False
(xii) Social structure of a society is the net work of ___________.
(a) Institutional Relations (b) Value System
(c) Traditions (d) Compliance to norms
(xiii) Polygamy means __________.
(a) Several Husbands (b) Several Wives
(c) Several Marriages (d) Single Marriage

Page 1 of 2
SOCIOLOGY
(xiv) Demography means _________.
(a) Male Population (b) Human Population
(c) Women Population (d) Adult Population
(xv) _________ is striving for equal treatment of women and men and for abolishing inequality.
(a) Feminism (b) Gender Studies
(c) Political Science (d) Law
(xvi) WID approach believes in:
(a) Gender mainstreaming (b) Gender Segregation
(c) Incorporating women in development activities (d) None of these
(xvii) Is Pakistan a signatory of CEDAW?
(a) Yes (b) No
(xviii) Human Rights pertain to caring for the rights of:
(a) Women (b) Men
(c) Minorities (d) All of these
(xix) Symbolic behavior of a person means __________.
(a) Meaningful behavior (b) Covert behavior
(c) Overt behavior (d) Significant behavior
(xx) Gerontology is the study of ___________.
(a) Human beings (b) Special groups
(c) Aged and Aging (d) All of these

PART – II

(i) PART-II is to be attempted on the separate Answer Book.

(ii) Attempt ONLY FOUR questions from PART-II. All questions carry EQUAL marks.
NOTE:
(iii) Extra attempt of any question or any part of the attempted question will not be
considered.
Q.2. Discuss the major contributions of Max Weber in understanding the society theoretically. (20)

Q.3. Define the term Social Research and explain the important steps of conducting Social Research. (20)

Q.4. Discuss migration as a Social Phenomenon. (20)

Q.5. Define the term “Social Change”. How it occurs in a traditional society? Discuss it in detail. (20)

Q.6. Karl Marx “Theory of Labor” discuss it in detail. (20)

Q.7. Define the term “Social Problem”. Discuss smuggling as a social problem in a society. (20)

Q.8. Define the term “Community” and discuss the important characteristics of a rural and urban
community. (20)
********************

Page 2 of 2
SOCIOLOGY
FEDERAL PUBLIC SERVICE COMMISSION
COMPETITIVE EXAMINATION FOR Roll Number
RECRUITMENT TO POSTS IN BPS-17 UNDER
THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT, 2010
SOCIOLOGY

(PART-I) 30 MINUTES MAXIMUM MARKS:20

TIME ALLOWED:
(PART-II) 2 HOURS & 30 MINUTES MAXIMUM MARKS:80

NOTE: (i) First attempt PART-I (MCQ) on separate Answer Sheet which shall be taken back
after 30 minutes.
(ii) Overwriting/cutting of the options/answers will not be given credit.

PART – I (MCQ)
(COMPULSORY)
Q.1. Select the best option/answer and fill in the appropriate box on the Answer Sheet. (20)
(i) When the researcher asks the respondent face to face question, this method is called ________.
(a) Interview schedule (b) Questionnaire (c) Observation
(d) Interview guide (e) None of these

(ii) Power that people consider legitimate is known as ____________.

(a) Force (b) Right (c) Authority
(d) Privilege (e) None of these

(iii) Social structure of a society is the net work of ____________.

(a) Institutional Relations (b) Values System (c) Traditions
(d) compliance to norms (e) None of these
(iv) WID approach believes in:
(a) Gender mainstreaming (b) Gender Segregation
(c) Incorporating women in development activities (d) None of these
(v) Gerontology is the study of _____________:
(a) Human beings (b) Special groups
(c) Aged and Aging (d) All of these
(vi) The most pervasive of the social processes are:
(a) Cooperation (b) Overt conflict
(c) Competition (d) None of these
(vii) Abstract sentiments are:
(a) Closer to the centre of the self than moral rules (b) Provide a focus for allegiance
(c) Are compellers of action (d) None of these
(viii) The creative potential of personality is accounted for by:
(a) Stimulus-response psychology (b) Drive psychology
(c) Trait psychology (d) None of these
(ix) The country with better record for gathering population statistics than any other is:
(a) Japan (b) Sweden
(c) USA (d) None of these
(x) The exception to the typical application of endogamy is:
(a) Tribe (b) Kinship
(c) Race (d) None of these
(xi) Stratified Samples fall under:
(a) Probability sampling design (b) Non-probability sampling design
(c) Multi stage sampling design (d) None of these
(xii) Egoistic, the special type of suicide presented by Emile Durkkim springing from:
(a) Excessive regulation (b) Excessive individualism
(c) Over migration with group (d) None of these
Page 1 of 2
SOCIOLOGY
(xiii) A close connection between religion and economic forces was presented by:
(a) Max Weber (b) Karl Max (c) Emile Durkkim
(d) C. Wright Mill (e) None of these
(xiv) A large kinship group whose members inhabit one geographic area and believe they are
descendent from a common area is known as:
(a) Clan (b) Tribe (c) Kin group
(d) Class (e) None of these
(xv) A social condition in which values are conflicting, weak or absent is:
(a) Assimilation (b) Hawthorne effect
(c) invasion (d) Anomie
(xvi) In theoretical field social research aims at:
(a) finding problems of human being (b) identifying delinquent behaviour
(c) reducing social conflicts (d) None of these
(xvii) Survey means:
(a) Overlooking (b) Organizing social data
(c) Observation (d) None of these
(xviii) Independent variables are:
(a) Experimental Groups (b) Study of social investigation
(c) Study of social life (d) None of these
(xix) Qualitative Data Means:
(a) Expressed in number (b) Expressed in words
(c) Both of these (d) None of these
(xx) A Likert scale emphasizes:
(a) Reproducibility (b) Uni-dimensionality (c) None of these

PART – II

(i) PART-II is to be attempted on the separate Answer Book.

(ii) Attempt ONLY FOUR questions from PART-II. All questions carry EQUAL marks.
NOTE:
(iii) Extra attempt of any question or any part of the attempted question will not be
considered.
Q.2. Discuss critically the theories of social action and bureaucracy presented by Max Weber. How the
theory of bureaucracy is relevant to situation in Pakistan? Discuss with logic and evidence. (20)

Q.3. What is internal validity that influences social science research design? What are different threats to
internal validity? Discuss with examples. (20)

Q.4. What is role of Biradaris/castes in political system of Pakistan? Support your argument with data and
evidence from previous general election results of Pakistan Society. (20)

Q.5. Discuss the role of media in social and cultural change in Pakistan. What type of social planning/
policy is needed to direct this change in the context of our own social and cultural values. Discuss
with examples. (20)

Q.6. Urbanization in Pakistan is increasing day by day. How do you look into the future of major cities in
Pakistan? Discuss in the light of terror and security situation in these cities. (20)

Q.7. How do you perceive the future of family institution/system in Pakistan? Discuss with examples
especially keeping in view marriage, elderly and youth problems in the families. (20)

Q.8. Write short notes on the following: (20)

(a) Poverty in Pakistan (b) Drug abuse in Pakistan

********************

Page 2 of 2
 FEDERAL PUBLIC SERVICE COMMISSION
COMPETITIVE EXAMINATION FOR Roll Number
RECRUITMENT TO POSTS IN BS-17
UNDER THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT, 2011

SOCIOLOGY

TIME ALLOWED: (PART-I MCQs) 30 MINUTES MAXIMUM MARKS: 20

THREE HOURS (PART-II) 2 HOURS & 30 MINUTES MAXIMUM MARKS: 80
NOTE: (i) First attempt PART-I (MCQs) on separate Answer Sheet which shall be taken back after 30
minutes.
(ii) Overwriting/cutting of the options/answers will not be given credit.

(PART-I MCQs) (COMPULSORY)

Q.1. Select the best option/answer and fill in the appropriate box on the Answer Sheet. (1 x 20=20)

(i) Who said “Man is a social animal?”

(a) Aristotle (b) Plato (c) Sir Thomas More (d) Emile Durkheim
(ii) Who called sociology “Social Physics?”
(a) Anguste Comte (b) Wilfred Pareto (c) Herbert Spencer (d) Max Weber
(iii) Bourgeois type of society was introduced by:
(a) Hegel (b) Karl Marx (c) Aristotle (d) Plato
(iv) When cultural traits spread from one society to another, the process is called :
(a) Assimilation (b) Diffusion (c) Pluralism (d) Evolution
(v) An ascribed status is one that is:
(a) Awarded by society (b) Gained from talent
(c) Endowed at birth (d) Based on competition
(vi) Ethnocentrism means:
(a) Superiority of ones own culture (b) Inferiority of ones own culture
(c) Both of these (d) None of these
(vii) A system in which one husband is married to many women is called:
(a) Monogamy (b) Polygamy (c) Polyandry (d) Polygyny
(viii) Levirate means:
(a) Marriage of a man with the widow of his deceased brother
(b) Marriage of a man with the sister of his deceased wife (c) None of these
(ix) Joint family may be preferred because it has:
(a) Greater financial security (b) Division of labour
(c) Workable as a cooperative organization (d) All of these
(x) Which of the following is not a major feature of Capitalism?
(a) Private Property (b) Competition (c) Profit incentive (d) Equitable distribution of income

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SOCIOLOGY
(xi) Movement from rural to urban area is called:
(a) Migration (b) Urbanization (c) Social movement (d) Social mobility
(xii) Religion is a unified system of beliefs and practices relative to sacred things. This definition has been
given by:
(a) Hegel (b) Durkheim (c) Karl Marx (d) Ginsberg
(xiii) Rapid growth of Urbanization is due to advancement in:
(a) Modernization (b) Westernization (c) Technology (d) Transport
(xiv) Whose statement is this “Where there is life there is a society.”
(a) Auguste Comte (b) Herbert Spencer (c) Durkheim (d) Maclver & Page
(xv) Who developed the “Organic Theory of Society?”
(a) Herbert Spencer (b) Henry Maine (c) Thomas Hobbes (d) Maclver
(xvi) What does culture usually reflect in Modern society?
(a) Group Culture (b) National Culture (c) Geographical Culture (d) Religious Culture
(xvii) Customs are powerful in regulating the conduct of people in:
(a) Simple Societies (b) Urban Societies (c) Industrialized Societies (d) All of these
(xviii) Which one of these is not an essential element of Community?
(a) Locality (b) Community sentiment (c) Common way of life (d) Individual Interest
(xix) Norms in society indicate:
(a) Normal standard of social behaviour (b) Ethical ideals of society
(c) Tendency of human beings to move up
(d) Standardized generalization about normal expected mode of behaviour
(xx) Which one of the following is not a healthy social process?
(a) Competition (b) Co-operation (c) Integration (d) None of these
PART-II
NOTE:(i) PART-II is to be attempted on separate Answer Book.
(ii) Attempt ONLY FOUR questions from PART-II. All questions carry EQUAL marks.
(iii) Extra attempt of any question or any part of the attempted question will not be
considered.

Q.2. Define the term “Social Change” and discuss the process of social change in group behaviour. (20)
Q.3. Define the term “Social Problem” and discuss the causes of drug abuse in Pakistan. (20)
Q.4. Discuss in detail “Urbanization as a Process.” (20)
Q.5. Write a note in detail on “Evolutionary Theory” given by Ibn-i-Khaldun. (20)
Q.6. Discuss in detail “Theory of Labour” given by Karl Marx. (20)
Q.7. Define the term “Social Research” and discuss the procedure “How to conduct a Research?” (20)
Q.8. Discuss the status of elderly people in Pakistani society. (20)
*********

Page 2 of 2
 FEDERAL PUBLIC SERVICE COMMISSION
COMPETITIVE EXAMINATION FOR Roll Number
RECRUITMENT TO POSTS IN BS-17
UNDER THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT, 2012
SOCIOLOGY
TIME ALLOWED: (PART-I MCQs) 30 MINUTES MAXIMUM MARKS: 20
THREE HOURS (PART-II) 2 HOURS & 30 MINUTES MAXIMUM MARKS: 80
NOTE: (i) Candidate must write Q.No. in the Answer Book in accordance with Q.No. in the Q.Paper.
(ii) Attempt ONLY FOUR questions from PART-II. All questions carry EQUAL marks.
(iii) Extra attempt of any question or any part of the attempted question will not be considered.

PART-II

Q.2. Define culture invasion? Explain in detail the role of technological innovation and mass media (20)
in the revolution of rising expectations and the disruption of traditional society of Pakistan.

Q.3. Explain in detail the analysis of social conflict in capitalist society shown by the prominent (20)
sociologist and economist Karl Marx.

Q.4. Discuss in detail the accelerating and decelerating factors of social change. How culture (20)
ethnocentrism promotes social change and maintains social order.

Q.5. Define ethnomethodology. Explain in detail Garfinkel views regarding ethnomethodology. (20)
How he used ethnomethodology in the field of sociological research and inquiry?

Q.6. Define suicide and its type. Explain in detail the theory of anomy presented by (20)
Emile-Durkheim. In what way the theory would be helpful in the solution of current
involvement of Pakistani youth in suicidal attempts.

Q.7. Define urban sprawling. Explain in detail the socioeconomic impacts of peripheral areas on (20)
crime rate of urban society of Pakistan.

Q.8. Write short notes on any TWO of the following: (2 x 10=20)

(i) Culture diffusion and schools of thoughts on culture diffusion.
(ii) Role of mosques in the integration of Pakistani society.
(iii) Changing family pattern, its causes and consequences.
(iv) The role of government and non-government organisation in poverty
alleviation of Pakistan.
*********
Page 2 of 2
 FEDERAL PUBLIC SERVICE COMMISSION
COMPETITIVE EXAMINATION FOR Roll Number
RECRUITMENT TO POSTS IN BS-17
UNDER THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT, 2013
SOCIOLOGY

TIME ALLOWED: (PART-I MCQs) 30 MINUTES MAXIMUM MARKS: 20

THREE HOURS (PART-II) 2 HOURS & 30 MINUTES MAXIMUM MARKS: 80
NOTE: (i) First attempt PART-I (MCQs) on separate OMR Answer Sheet which shall be taken back
after 30 minutes.
(ii) Overwriting/cutting of the options/answers will not be given credit.

PART-I ((MCQs) (COMPULSORY)

Q.1. (i) Select the best option/answer and fill in the appropriate Circle on the OMR Answer Sheet. (20x1=20)
(ii) Answers given anywhere, other than OMR Answer Sheet, shall not be considered.

1. Socialization is:
(a) Instinctive process (b) Personal social learning
(c) Building up of norms and values in the personality by groups (d) None of these
2. Who can be taken as early pure sociologist among the social thinkers?
(a) August comte (b) Ibn-e-Khaldun (c) Durkheim (d) None of these
3. Ascribed social status of a person is determined by:
(a) Biological inheritance (b) What he achieves (c) Contacts abroad (d) None of these
4. In Cultural Lag the part that moves slowly is called:
(a) Material culture (b) Symbolic culture (c) Sub-culture (d) None of these
5. The spread of cultural traits and patterns in space is called:
(a) Assimilation (b) Acculturation (c) Diffusion (d) None of these
6. A Stimulus-Response Condition between two persons is called:
(a) Exchange (b) Dialogue (c) Interaction (d) None of these
7. Polandry is a form of marriage in which:
(a) Many women marry one man (b) Many men are husbands of one woman
(c) One man marries a woman (d) None of these
8. A verified and verifiable proposition is called:
(a) Hypothesis (b) Design (c) Fact (d) None of these
9. Urbanism is:
(a) A process of migration (b) An attitude (c) Equal to urbanization (d) None of these
10. An operational definition of a concept is:
(a) Mediating variable (b) Guideline for the researcher in the field
(c) A formal or lexiographic (d) None of these
11. Culture is:
(a) What has been given to us by our fore fathers (b) Man-made part of environment
(c) Music, drama, dance etc. (d) None of these
12. Innovation is:
(a) Invention (b) Discovery (c) Both (a) and (b) (d) None of these
13. Emphasis in quantitative data is on:
(a) Validity (b) Reliability (c) Formal procedures (d) None of these
14. A sample is:
(a) A process of selecting items. (b) A smaller part representing the universe.
(c) Giving a few examples from population. (d) None of these
15. When two or more persons interact with each other, they form:
(a) Community (b) Group (c) Society (d) None of these
Page 1 of 2
SOCIOLOGY
16. A social caste is always:
(a) Exogamous and open (b) Endogamous and closed (c) Both (a) and (b) (d) None of these
17. A cricket match is an example:
(a) Truce (b) Accomodation (c) Competition (d) None of these
18. A socially expected and approved behaviour is called:
(a) Folkway (b) Social norm (c) More (d) None of these
19. A push factor in migration means:
(a) People attracted by urban facilities (b) People forced by circumstances leaving
(c) Both (a) and (b) (d) None of these
20. An Interview Guide is:
(a) The person who guides the interview.
(b) A booklet that explains the dynamics of an interview.
(c) The list of topics to be covered in an interview.
(d) None of these

PART-II

NOTE: (i) Part-II is to be attempted on the separate Answer Book.

(ii) Candidate must write Q. No. in the Answer Book in accordance with Q. No. in the Q. Paper.
(iii) Attempt ONLY FOUR questions from PART-II. ALL questions carry EQUAL marks.
(iv) Extra attempt of any question or any part of the attempted question will not be considered.

Q.2. Heredity versus group influence has given birth to controversy in explaining (20)
socialization process. Where do you locate yourself in the theoretical debate?

Q.3. Is Max Weber more relevant than Durkheim in today’s globalizing world? Discuss (20)
with reference to their theoretical contributions.

Q.4. What is hypothesis? Develop a hypothesis and identify: (20)

(a) independent variable(s), (b) dependent variable(s) and
(c) mediating variable (if any).

Q.5. Define and differentiate between caste and class. Discuss the dynamics of classes in (20)
the existing feudal system.

Q.6. Discuss as to how the process of social and cultural change in Pakistan can be (20)
accelerated? Your answer must include theoretically relevant factors in the rate of
change.

Q.7. Discuss the nature and genesis of institutions alongwith the change taking place in (20)
Pakistani family.

Q.8. Write Comprehensive notes on any TWO of the following: (10 each) (20)
(i) Marxist influence on sociological theory
(ii) Determinates of social mobility
(iii) Institutionalized evasions
(iv) Social Planning

*************

Page 2 of 2
 FEDERAL PUBLIC SERVICE COMMISSION Roll Number
COMPETITIVE EXAMINATION FOR
RECRUITMENT TO POSTS IN BS-17
UNDER THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT, 2014
SOCIOLOGY
(PART-I MCQs) 30 MINUTES MAXIMUM MARKS:
TIME ALLOWED: 20
THREE HOURS (PART-II) 2 HOURS & 30 MINUTES MAXIMUM MARKS:
80
NOTE:(i) Part-II is to be attempted on the separate Answer Book.
(ii) Attempt ONLY FOUR questions from PART-II. ALL questions carry EQUAL marks.
(iii) Candidate must write Q. No. in the Answer Book in accordance with Q. No. in the Q. Paper.
(iv) No Page/Space be left blank between the answers. All the blank pages of Answer Book must
be crossed.
(v) Extra attempt of any question or any part of the attempted question will not be considered.

PART-II
Q. No. 2. Discuss attribution theories with special reference to media portrayals of social issues. (20)
Explain the role of dispositional traits and situational factors for individual actions or
decision taking.
Q. No. 3. What is mind construction and explain if it can be a planned activity? Discuss the role (20)
of education policy towards the formation of social mind and also show its importance
in a separate paragraph.
Q. No. 4. What is a social organization? Discuss how precepts about caste and social classes (20)
influence smooth running of society.
Q. No. 5. Discuss the burgeoning role of social media in Pakistan. Explain the importance of (20)
regulating the mainstream electronic media towards the achievement of national goals.
Illustrate your answer with examples from Pakistan.
Q. No. 6. What is trained incapacity? Write two examples about two institutions in Pakistan (20)
where trained incapacity is promoted and where empowerment is encouraged.
Q. No. 7. Define the concepts of perception and reality. Discuss how perceptions of people are (20)
manoeuvred to influence public opinion. Explain your answer with an example from
Pakistan.
Q. No. 8. Write short NOTES on the following: (10 each) (20)
(a) Education as a factor of development
(b) Security as a social construct.

*************
 FEDERAL PUBLIC SERVICE COMMISSION
Roll Number
COMPETITIVE EXAMINATION FOR
RECRUITMENT TO POSTS IN BS-17
UNDER THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT, 2015
SOCIOLOGY

TIME ALLOWED: THREE HOURS PART-I (MCQS) MAXIMUM MARKS = 20

PART-I(MCQS): MAXIMUM 30 MINUTES PART-II MAXIMUM MARKS = 80
NOTE: (i) Part-II is to be attempted on the separate Answer Book.
(ii) Attempt ONLY FOUR questions from PART-II. ALL questions carry EQUAL marks.
(iii) All the parts (if any) of each Question must be attempted at one place instead of at different
places.
(iv) Candidate must write Q. No. in the Answer Book in accordance with Q. No. in the Q.Paper.
(v) No Page/Space be left blank between the answers. All the blank pages of Answer Book must
be crossed.
(vi) Extra attempt of any question or any part of the attempted question will not be considered.

PART-II
Q. No. 2. Discuss the major contributions of Max Weber in understanding the society (20)
theoretically.

Q. No. 3. Discuss Migration as a Social Phenomenon. (20)

Q. No. 4. Discuss in detail the Karl Marx’s “Theory of Labor”. (20)

Q. No. 5. Define the term “Community” and discuss its important characteristics. (20)

Q. No. 6. Define the term “Social Change” and discuss it as a Social Process. (20)

Q. No. 7. Define the term “Social Problem” and discuss Crime as a Social Problem? (20)

Q. No. 8. Write a note in detail on “Evolutionary Theory” given by Ibn-i-Khaldun. (20)

*************