Linux Basics

January 7, 2021 10:28 PM

• Boot Process
○ PC firmware used for hardware initialization
 BIOS - Basic Input Output System - older systems
 UEFI - Unified Extensible Firmware Interface - New
 Functions
□ Check and initialize hardware
□ Find secondary disk with MBR and mount it
□ Run Bootloader (GRUB)
○ GRUB - Grand Unified Bootloader

• Linux Run Levels

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○ Setting run level from command line

 Older command - telinit <level>
 New command - systemctl
• Filesystem Hierarchy Standard
○ Current version FHS 3
○ Root Level Directories

 /bin vs /sbin - /bin files should be available in all sessions including single user modes.
/sbin files should be available only during full multi-user session mode. It includes files
related to networking and other thing to support multiuser session
 /dev - all physical and virtual devices
○ Pseudo files - virtual files
 Dynamically created when system boots

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