Created by: Prof Natalia Cartín R Language B

TYPES PURPOSE STRUCTURE

ADVERTISEMENT Persuade the audience to • Thesis driven or problem
(semi-informal) make a purchase, all driven
about few short seconds • Subtitles
• Short conclusion
Opening: events
• Narrative driven blog Events chronologically
Main paragraphs: parts of
story (description-
explanation-reflection)
Closing: final thoughts and
reflection
BLOG ENTRY
(formal)

• Thesis driven blog Ideas and opinion Opening: Main idea/ thesis
statement
Main paragraphs: PEE
Closing: final thoughts and
reflection

BROCHURE/ FLYER/ • Opening/headline/title

LEAFLET/ • Inform • Sub headings
PAMPHLET • Persuade • Body text (short paragraphs)
• Give instructions • Close (audience need to
(semi informal) know what to do after
reading the information,
contacts)
• Without specific structure
DIARY ENTRY • Describe what you did
(informal) or feel SUGGESTION
• Paragraphing

• Replying • Greeting
• Make a request • Explain the situation like
MAIL/LETTER • Ask for in a letter
(semi formal or information • Attaching files
formal) • Offer help • Ending: sincerely/ regards
Depends on the • Give information
situation • Complaint
• Apologize
Created by: Prof Natalia Cartín R Language B

• Thesis driven essay Promp: question

Introduction and thesis
Supporting paragraphs
(paragraphing is extremely
relevant)
ESSAY • Organized thoughts Closing
(semi formal or about a topic.
formal)

• Personal essay Title

Introduction with opening
remark or observation
Supporting paragraphs:
narrative sequence of topic
Closing: Final thoughts
• Introduction: stablish
rapport with the interviwee /
introduce the interviewee.
• Body: questions. First talk
INTERVIEW • Person to person with the person about the
(formal) discussion present, then about the past
or future.
• Conclusion: ask question
about feelings, perceptions
and future plans.

• Date
• Salutation
• Body: context, what is the
event about, body should
INVITATION • Invite someone to include the date of the
(formal/ semi an event or event, address.
informal, activity • Closing
depending on the • Event information and
situation) email or telephone to
confirm or ask
information.
Created by: Prof Natalia Cartín R Language B

• Message as tittle
• Date
MESSAGE/ NOTE • Conveying • Time
(INFORMAL) information in • Addressee (dear mom)
short, simple and • Body
clear manner. • Addresser (the person
who wrote the message)
• Headline: Catchy
• Byline: By
• Standfirst: introduces the
text, different fond.
• Lead paragraph: Why
should the reader care
about this information.
NEWS REPORT • Depends on (why, where, when, how
(very formal) situation and so on.)
• Explanatory paragraphs:
facts and analysis
• Background: What
happened before the
events outlined in the
report
• Closing

➢ LETTER TO THE ➢ Give your opinion ➢ Opening: identify what you

EDITOR/OPINION want to discuss from the
COLUMN article
➢ Middle paragraph: defend
your idea, PEE/ what will
happen without solution.
PERSONAL ➢ Closing paragraph:
RESPONSE summarize your point of
(formal) view

➢ Apply for a job ➢ Opening: identify yourself/

position you will apply / how
➢ LETTER OF you found the vacancy
➢ Middle paragraphs: Give the
APPLICATION
reasons why you are interested
in the job/ State your relevant
qualification and personal
qualities/ states your
experience and skills you
Created by: Prof Natalia Cartín R Language B

developed / inform the reader

that you have included your CV
and add inf which could be
helpful.
➢ Closing: Give your availability
for interview, thank them for
their consideration, restate and
close the letter

PERSONAL
RESPONSE
(formal) ➢ Opening: the hope of finding
➢ Complaint a solution to your problem.
Introduce yourself and give
➢ COMPLAINT LETTER your reason for writing.
➢ Middle paragraphs:
sequence of events that/
what action do you want?
➢ Closing: action you will take
if you do not receive
satisfaction. What action
you want the addressee to
take to resolve the problem.

• Date
• Greeting (dear…)
PERSONAL • Congratulation letter • Congratulation • Brief introduction
RESPONSE • Body (be careful with
(semi informal) • Thanks letter • Say thank you paragraphing)
• A closing
• Invitation letter • Invitation • Your name

• Why the specific career?

PERSONAL • Apply to a high • Work experience
STATEMENT/COVER school • Extracurricular experience
LETTER • Your attitude in the career

• Salutation
• Introduction
POSTCARD/CARD • Writing or mailing • Body
(Informal) without a envelop • Conclusion
• Closing salutation
• Address
Created by: Prof Natalia Cartín R Language B

• Introduction: concise
• To persuade introduction to your Project,
someone to do mention the aim of the
Project, the problem to be
something in a
adressed and why is it
professional important? Use statisticts.
context
• Main body: objective=
PROPOSAL what will you do, for whom?
(formal) How much? And when?
Identify short term and long
term objectives (time) /
Methods: the plan of action
, how the objective Will be
achieved, the stages to
make the plan succeed. /
Benefits of the proposal /
Potential obstacles
• Conclusion: emphazise the
benefits

• Tittle and subtittle

• Introduction: Define the
problem.
• Body: Present the
OFFICIAL REPORT • Presentation of information: define,
(too formal) facts and findings categorize, compare,
prioritize. / Analyze the
information.
• Your conclusions

A report should start with a

statement of a problem and end
with a conclusion about what
action to take.¨

SPEECH • Persuade • Introduction

(formal) • Body
• Closing
Created by: Prof Natalia Cartín R Language B

Newsworthy: when?
REVIEW • Give your opinion Hook: catch audience
(formal) in a constructive attention
way to inform Thesis
other people Interpretation (analysis)
Summary
Credits
Humor as conclusion

Title: it explains what you

are writting about and
why the reader should
read the document.
Introduction: include the
SET OF topic you will discuss and the
INSTRUCTIONS • Describe a set of context: ingredients or
(direct buy politly) procedures equipment
Main body: map to follow
and explains the each step.
Conclusion: what the
readers should do when they
finish making or building the
product.

SOCIAL MEDIA Tips:

POSTING/ ONLINE • Post to engage • Write to your audience
FORUM with the audience • Keep it short and
(Formal, semi instructive
informal depending • Power words use
of the situation.) (appeals)
• Be visual
• Add a call to action (it
could be the conclusion.)
Created by: Prof Natalia Cartín R Language B

• Depends on • Title or headline: catch

situation it could the reader attention and
be persuade or persuade them to read
inform the article.
• Byline: by
• Lead or introduction:
Magazine article catch the audience
(FORMAL) attention /thesis
statement.
• Main body: paragraphs
should link with your
angle and prove your
point of view.
• Closing: unexpected
peace of information

ASPECTS SHOULD BE CLEAR BEFORE WRITING/ IF IT IS NOT CLEAR YOU CANNOT

NOT BEGIN YOUR PAPER 1
❖ SITUATION
❖ POINTS YOU NEED TO DEVELOP
❖ PURPOSE
❖ AUDIENCE
❖ TEXT TYPE
❖ STYLE

CREATE AN OUTLINE TO ORGANIZE YOUR IDEAS