UNIT 1: A VISIT FROM A PEN PAL

[MỘT CHUYẾN THĂM CỦA NGƯỜI BẠN QUEN BIẾT QUA THƯ ]
I. Vocabulary:
-  foreign /ˈfɒrən/  (adj): thuộc về nước ngoài → foreigner /ˈfɒrənə(r)/  (n): người nước ngoài--- activity /æk
ˈtɪvəti/  (n): hoạt động
- correspond /ˌkɒrəˈspɒnd  (v): trao đổi thư từ
- at least /ət - liːst  (idiom): ít nhất
- modern /ˈmɒdn/  (adj): hiện đại ≠ ancient /ˈeɪnʃənt/  (adj): cổ xưa
- impress /ɪmˈpres/  (v): gây ấn tượng→ impression /ɪmˈpreʃn/  (n): sự ấn tượng → impressive /ɪmˈpresɪv/  (adj):
gây ấn tượng
- beauty /ˈbjuːti/  (n): vẻ đẹp→ beautiful /ˈbjuːtɪfl/(adj): đẹp→beautify /ˈbjuːtɪfaɪ/  (v): làm đẹp
- friendliness /ˈfrendlinəs/  (n): sự thân thiện
- mausoleum /ˌmɔːzəˈliːəm/(n)  (n): lăng mộ
- mosque /mɒsk/(n)  (n): nhà thờ Hồi giáo
- primary school /ˈpraɪməri skuːl/ (np): trường tiểu học ≠ secondary school /ˈsɛkəndəri skuːl/(np): trường trung học
- peace /piːs/  (n): hòa bình, sự thanh bình → peaceful /ˈpiːsfl/  (adj): thanh bình, yên tĩnh
- atmosphere /ˈætməsfɪə(r)/(n)  (n): bầu không khí
- pray /preɪ/  (v): cầu nguyện
- abroad /əˈbrɔːd/(adv)  (adj/ adv): (ở, đi) nước ngoài
- depend on /dɪˈpend/  = rely on /rɪˈlaɪ/ : tùy thuộc vào, dựa vào
- anyway /ˈeniweɪ/  (adv): dù sao đi nữa
- keep in touch   (ph.v): giữ liên lạc
- worship /ˈwɜːʃɪp/  (v): thờ phượng
- industry /ˈɪndəstri/  (n): ngành công nghiệp →industrial /ɪnˈdʌstriəl/  (adj): thuộc về công nghiệp
- association /əˌsəʊsiˈeɪʃn/  (n): hiệp hội
- Asian /ˈeɪʒn/  (adj): thuộc Châu Á
- divide into /dɪˈvaɪd/  (v): chia ra
- region /ˈriːdʒən/  (n): vùng, miền→ regional /ˈriːdʒənl/  (adj): thuộc vùng, miền
- comprise /kəmˈpraɪz/  (v): bao gồm
- tropical climate /ˈtrɒpɪkl ˈklaɪmət /  (n) ): khí hậu nhiệt đới
-  unit of currency /ˈjuːnɪt - əv-ˈkʌrənsi /  (np): đơn vị tiền tệ
- consist of /kənˈsɪst/  include /ɪnˈkluːd/ (v): bao gồm, gồm có
- population /ˌpɒpjuˈleɪʃn/  (n): dân số
- Islam /ˈɪzlɑːm/  (n): Hồi giáo
- official /əˈfɪʃl/  (adj): chính thức
- religion /rɪˈlɪdʒən/  (n): tôn giáo→ religious /rɪˈlɪdʒəs/  (a): thuộc về tôn giáo
- in addition /əˈdɪʃn/  (idiom): ngoài ra
- buddhism /ˈbʊdɪzəm/  (n): Phật giáo
- Hinduism /ˈhɪnduːɪzəm/  (n): Ấn giáo
- widely /ˈwaɪdli/  (adv): một cách rộng rãi
- educate /ˈedʒukeɪt/(v)  (v): giáo dục→ educational /ˌedʒuˈkeɪʃənl/  (adj): thuộc về giáo dục
- instruct /ɪnˈstrʌkt/  (v): hướng dẫn, chỉ dạy→ instruction /ɪnˈstrʌkʃn/ (n)  (n): việc giáo dục
→ instructor /ɪnˈstrʌktə(r)/  (n): người hướng dẫn
- compulsory /kəmˈpʌlsəri/  (adj): bắt buộc
- area /ˈeəriə/  (n): diện tích
- member country /ˈmembə(r) -ˈkʌntri/  (np): quốc gia thành viên
- farewell party /ˌfeəˈwel ˈpɑːti/  (np): tiệc chia tay
II. Grammar:
1. WISH + (that) clause
- Dùng để diễn tả ước muốn ở hiện tại.
S + wish + (that) + S + Ved/V2 (quá khứ đơn)
e.g.: I wish ( that) I had a good memory.
(Ước gì tôi có trí nhớ tốt.)
He wishes (that) he knew many languages.

(Anh ấy ước gì anh ấy biết nhiều ngôn ngữ.)

* Lưu ý: Động từ "to be" có một dạng duy nhất là WERE.
e.g.: He wishes (that) he were a president.
(Anh ấy ước gì anh ấy là tổng thống.)
2. IF ONLY + clause
Mệnh đề theo sau “IF ONLY” có cấu trúc giống như “WISH”.
e.g.: If only he were at our meeting now.
(Ước gì bây giờ anh ấy có mặt ở buổi họp của chúng tôi.)
3. WOULD RATHER + (that) clause
- Được dùng diễn tả điều gì ưa thích hơn.

- Mệnh đề theo sau “would rather” có cấu trúc giống như mệnh đề sau “wish”.

e. g.: I’d rather (that) you took the course in English.

(Tôi thích bạn theo học khóa tiếng Anh hơn.) 
III.EXERCISES:
I. Rewrite sentences, using "I wish..........."
1. I don't know many English words.→I wish ..............................................................................
2. My friend can not stay with me longer.→I wish ....................................................................
3. I don't have time to go around the city.→I wish............................................................
4. We don't have a computer therefore we cannot get access to the Internet.→I wish .............
5. I can not go to the car show at the city show ground→I wish.....................................
II. Rewrite sentences, using the provided word keep meaning as that of the root one.
1. Thousands of people have to build that castle for him for years.→That castle ........................
2. She has never read this book before.→It is ................................................
3. He failed in the examination last year.→He did not .......................................
4. I haven't eaten this kind of food before.→This is the first .....................................
5. His parents made him study for his exam.→He was made ...................................
6. I don't really want to go to the museum.→I'd rather.................................................
7. The fire has destroyed many houses.→Many houses ...........................................
8. May I borrow your pen?→Would you mind ....................................................?
9. I started work for the company a year ago.→I've .........................................................
10. She didn't say a word as she left the room.→She left ..............................................
III. Give the correct word formation
1- We like their _____________(friendly). 2- The ________ between Vietnam and China is good. (friend)
3- They seem to be ________. We dislike them. (friend) 4- There will be a _________ in this street. (meet)
5- We saw _____ girls there. (beauty). 6- Can you give me some ______ the next flights to Florida? ( inform ) .
IV. Rewrite sentences, using "I wish..........."
1. She doesn't send me her recent photos.→I wish ............................................................
2. My friend doesn't have money to repair his bicycle.→I wish..........................................
3. My students don't speak English fluently.→I wish..........................................................
4. It won't be fine tomorrow.→I wish...............................................................................
5. My brother can not speak French.→I wish...........................................................................
V. Rewrite sentences, using the provided word keep meaning as that of the root one
1. Knowing English is very useful.→It ...................................................................
2. It started to snow at 5 o'clock.→It ..........................................................................
3. Nam is taller than Hung.→Hung .................................................................
4. When did you go to bed last night?→What ...........................................................?
5. What time does Nam have to leave?→Do you know .....................................?
6. To do morning exercises is good.→It...............................................................
7. This book is very boring and so is that one.→This book is as...................................
8. Will it be necessary for me to sleep under a net?→Shall I have to ...............................?
9. I last read a book on September 20th.→I haven't .............................................
10.An began to be interested in healthy eating 3 years ago.→An has been................................

KEY:

I. Rewrite sentences, using "I wish..........."

1 - I wish I knew many English words.
2 - I wish my friend could stay with me longer.
3 - I wish I had time to go around the city.
4 - I wish I had a computer therefore we could get access to the Internet.
5 - I wish I could go to the car show at the city ground.
II. Rewrite sentences, using the provided word keep meaning as that of the root one.
1 - That castle has to be built by thousands of people for him for years.
2 - It is the first time she has read this book.
3 - He did not pass the examination last year.
4 - This is the first time I have ever eaten this kind of food.
5 - He was made to study for his exam by his exams.
6 - I'd rather not go to the museum.
7 - Many houses have been destroyed by the fire.
8 - Would you mind if I borrowed your pen?
9 - I've worked for the company for a year.
10 - She left the room without saying a word.
III. Give the correct word formation
1 - friendliness; 2 - friendship; 3 - unfriendly;
4 - meeting; 5 - beautiful; 6 - information;
IV. Rewrite sentences, using "I wish..........."
1 - I wish she sent me her recent photos.
2 - I wish my friend had money to repair his bicycle.
3 - I wish my students spoke English fluently.
4 - I wish it would be fine tomorrow.
5 - I wish my brother could speak French.
V. Rewrite sentences, using the provided word keep meaning as that of the root one
1 - It is very useful to know English.
2 - It has snowed since 5 o'clock.
3 - Hung is not as tall as Nam.
4 - What time did you go to bed last night?
5 - Do you know what time Nam has to leave.
6 - It is good to do morning exercise.
7 - This book is as boring as that one.
8 - Shall I have to sleep under a net
9 - I haven't read a book on September 20th.
10 - An has been interested in healthy eating for 3 years.