BENEDICT POSMA THEOPHILUS

PURITANISM

American Studies 2022

 PRESENTATION
TOPICS

I. Puritanism
WHAT WE'LL II. Who were the Puritans?
III. Catholicism
IV. The Protestant
DISCUSS Reformation
V. Luther, Calvin, and
Zwingli
VI. Church of England and
Puritanism in England
Fairhill Chapter

puritanism

a religious reformation movement that began in England in the

late 1500s. Its initial goal was removing any remaining links to
Catholicism within the Church of England after its separation
from the Catholic Church. To do this, Puritans sought to change
the structure and ceremonies of the church.
PURITANS

WHO WERE THEY?

The Puritans were members of a

religious reform movement known
as Puritanism that arose within the
Church of England in the late 16th
century. They believed the Church
of England was too similar to the
Roman Catholic Church and
should eliminate ceremonies and
practices not rooted in the Bible.
THE PURITANS
BELIEFS
Total depravity
Unconditional election
Limited atonement
Irresistible Grace
Perseverance of the Saints
CATHOLICISM

Roman Catholicism is a Christian church that has been the

decisive spiritual force in the history of Western civilization.
Along with Eastern Orthodoxy and Protestantism, it is one of
the three major branches of Christianity.
CATHOLICISM

ROOTS

The Roman Catholic Church traces

its history to Jesus Christ and the
Apostles. Over the course of
centuries it developed a highly
sophisticated theology and an
elaborate organizational structure
headed by the papacy, the oldest
continuing absolute monarchy in
the world.
 SEVERAL HISTORICAL FACTORS, WHICH VARY IN IMPORTANCE
DEPENDING ON THE TIME, HELP TO ACCOUNT FOR THE EMERGENCE
OF ROMAN CATHOLICISM. THE TWO FACTORS THAT ARE OFTEN
REGARDED AS MOST DECISIVE—AT ANY RATE BY THE CHAMPIONS
OF THE PRIMACY OF ROME IN THE CHURCH—ARE THE PRIMACY OF
ST. PETER AMONG THE TWELVE APOSTLES OF CHRIST AND THE
IDENTIFICATION OF PETER WITH THE CHURCH OF ROME.
And so I say to you, you are Peter, and upon this rock I will
build my church, and the gates of the netherworld shall not
prevail against it.
I will give you the keys to the kingdom of heaven. Whatever
you bind on earth shall be bound in heaven; and whatever you
loose on earth shall be loosed in heaven.

(Matthew 16:18–19)

 The Protestant Reformation was the religious revolution that took

place in the Western church in the 16th century. Its greatest
leaders undoubtedly were Martin Luther and John Calvin. Having
THE PROTESTANT far-reaching political, economic, and social effects, the
REFORMATION Reformation became the basis for the founding of Protestantism,
one of the three major branches of Christianity.

Political Reasons
Over the centuries the church, particularly in
the office of the papacy, had become deeply
involved in the political life of western Europe.
The resulting intrigues and political
manipulations, combined with the church’s
increasing power and wealth, contributed to
the bankrupting of the church as a spiritual
force. Abuses such as the sale of indulgences
(or spiritual privileges) by the clergy and other
charges of corruption undermined the church’s
spiritual authority
Anticlericalism
Opposition to religious authority, typically in
social or political matters. Historical anti-
clericalism has mainly been opposed to the
influence of Roman Catholicism. Anti-
clericalism is related to secularism, which
seeks to separate the church from public and
political life.

LEADING FIGURES
of the Protestant Reformation

John Calvin Martin Luther Ulrich Zwingli

Calvinism Lutheranism Zwinglianism

Finchworth College August 2020

The Protestant Reformation

Martin Luther

Martin Luther OSA was a German priest,

theologian, author and hymnwriter. A
former Augustinian friar, he is best known
as the seminal figure in the Protestant
Reformation and as the namesake of
Lutheranism. Luther was ordained to the
priesthood in 1507.
 SOLA FIDE
Humans are saved by their
faith, not the good deeds they
performed in life.

SOLA SCRIPTURA
The Bible is the only authority.

Lutheranism
SOLA GRATIA
Good things happen to
humans because God is kind,
not because they deserve it.
John Calvin was a French theologian,
pastor, and reformer in Geneva during the
Protestant Reformation. He was a principal
figure in the development of the system of
Christian theology later called Calvinism,
including its doctrines of predestination
and of God's absolute sovereignty in the
salvation of the human soul from death and
eternal damnation.

John
Calvin
WHAT IS IT?
As a theological system Calvinism presents a comprehensive
view of how human life should be properly ordered,
personally, socially, ecclesially and politically, according to
the sovereign will of God. Among the important elements of
Calvinism are the following: the authority and sufficiency of Calvinism
Scripture for one to know God and one's duties to God and
one's neighbour; the equal authority of both Old and New
Testaments, the true interpretation of which is assured by
the internal testimony of the Holy Spirit; the doctrines of God
as triune and as creator and sustainer of all things, of Christ
the Mediator, whose atonement for sin satisfies the divine
justice, and of justification by faith issuing in an ethic that
aims to transform every aspect of life.
 ULRICH ZWINGLI

Huldrych Zwingli or Ulrich Zwingli was a leader of the Reformation in

Switzerland, born during a time of emerging Swiss patriotism and increasing
criticism of the Swiss mercenary system. He attended the University of Vienna
and the University of Basel, a scholarly center of Renaissance humanism.
ZWINGLIANISM

What is it?
Zwinglianism is the Reformed confession based on

the Second Helvetic Confession promulgated by

Zwingli's successor Heinrich Bullinger in the 1560s.

Zwingli's views on baptism were largely a response to

Anabaptism, a movement which attacked the

practice of infant baptism.

Church of Puritanism in England

England
WHAT IS THE CHURCH
OF ENGLAND?
The Church of England is the established national
Christian church in England and the mother church of the
international Anglican Communion.

HOW DID WHAT DOES

IT START? IT BELIEVE?

In the 5th century Ever since the 16th century

after the arrival of St. Augustine the Church of England generally
in Britain and the coversion of the holds on to the tenets of
Anglo-Saxons. Reformation.
 Puritanism in
England
Began in the late 16th and
17th centuries andsought to
“purify” the Church of
England of remnants of the
Roman Catholic “popery”
that the Puritans claimed
had been retained after the
religious settlement
reached early in the reign
of Queen Elizabeth I.
thank you
for
listening
any questions?