Professional Practices - 1

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Professional Practices in IT_ CSC110

CSC110
Professional Practices
Professional Practices in IT_

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CSC110
CSC110
Professional
CSC110
Practices in IT
By: Seemab Khan
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About Instructor
Ms. Seemab Khan
(MSCS from Hitec University Taxila
Cantt)
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Contact information:
• Email: seemabkhan1097@gmail.com
• Office Hours: --
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Course Information
Credit Hours: 3(3,0)
Objectives:
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 Introducing students to professional practices in IT
industry according to international standards.
 Developing student understanding about
historical, social, economic, ethical, and
professional issues related to the discipline of
computing.
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Continued….
• Identifying key sources for information
and opinion about professionalism and
ethics.
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• Enabling students to analyze, evaluate, and
assess ethical and professional computing
case studies.
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Course Outcomes
At the end of the course, the student should be able to;
• Understand the importance of computing in industry and
other professional domains.
• Importance of professional responsibilities and ethical
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issues.
• Professional practice and professionalism
• Importance of intellectual property and Cybercrimes.
• Understand how to write contracts and request for
proposals.
• How to organize a team for successful deployment of
software. 7
Course Outline
• Historical, social, and economic context of
Computing (software engineering,
• Computer Science, Information Technology)
• Definitions of Computing
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• Subject areas and professional activities
• Professional ethics
• Professional competency and life-long learning;
• Uses, misuses, and risks of software
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Course Outline
• Information security and privacy
• Business practices and the economics of
software
• Intellectual property and software law (cyber
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law)
• Ethics in business world
• Software related contracts and
documentations
• Structure of an IT organization
• Code of conduct for an IT professional as per 9
International standards
Suggested Material
• Recommended Text Books:
Professional Issues in Software Engineering, M.F. Bott
et al.
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• Reference Books:
1. Deborah G. Johnson, “Computer Ethics”, Pearson Education.
2. Ethics in Information Technology , Reynolds,G 5th
Edition(2014) , Cengage Course Technology.
3. A Gift of Fire, Socila , Legal and Ethical Issues for
Computing Technologie,s Baase, S. 4th edition, Pearson Inc.
4. Ethics for Information Age, Quinn M.J 5th Edition, Pearson
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Education
Marking Scheme
Components Passing Criteria
Class attendance 80%

Evaluation Policy
Assignments 07%
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Quizzes 08%
Mid term 25%
Project & Presentation 10%
Final 50%
Total 100%
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P.S:Can be changed accordingly

Things to Remember
• Class discipline
• Professionalism and Ethical Practice
• Class participation is encouraged
• Assignments must be submitted in time
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• Zero tolerance against Plagiarism
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Lets begin .....!

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What is Professionalism?
• In the working world, your professionalism
encompasses the way you carry yourself ,
your attitude and the ways you
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communicate with others. Being
professional can ensure a positive first
impression, successful interpersonal
relationships a long-lasting reputation
within your organization and industry.
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What is Professionalism? (cont’d…)
• Dedication, integrity and responsibility are

elements of professionalism that make a
person successful in his field. By taking
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ownership of their roles and duties,
professionals make names for themselves
and usually find promotions and better
opportunities.
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Characteristics of a Professional
• Honors commitment.
• Attentive, responsive and proactive
• Get to know the workplace culture
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• Keeps personal matters to a minimum
• Avoids negative side of office politics
• Improves his ethics and works on professional
growth
• Helps others to grow
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LECTURE 1: COMPUTING

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What is computing?

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Computing
• In this section, we will cover the following
topics;
• Computing and its applications
• Computing history
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• Computer software
• Computer users
• Five sub disciplines of Computing
• Traits of a Professional
• Applying Professionalism in real life 19
Continued…..
• Computing is any problem-oriented activity
requiring, benefiting from, or creating
algorithmic processes - e.g. through computers.
• "In a general way, we can define computing to
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mean any goal-oriented activity requiring,
benefiting from, or creating computers.
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Computing Includes
• Designing and building hardware and software
• Processing, structuring, and managing various
kinds of information
• Doing scientific studies using computers
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• Making computer systems behave intelligently
• Creating and using communications and
entertainment media
• Finding and gathering information relevant to
any particular purpose, and so on. 21
Computer
What is computer ??????

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Computer software
• Computer software or just "software", is a
collection of computer programs and
related data that provides the instructions
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for telling a computer what to do and how
to do it.
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Continued….
• Software is a set of programs, procedures,
algorithms and its documentation
concerned with the operation of a data
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processing system.
• Direct mode (commands)
• Indirect mode(statements)
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System software
• System software, is computer software
designed to operate and control the
computer hardware and to provide a
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platform for running application software.
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Application Software
• Application software, a computer software
designed to help the user
• to perform specific tasks.
• Apps may be bundled with the computer and its
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system software, or may be published separately.
Some users are satisfied with the bundled apps
and need never install one.
• Application software applies the power of a
particular computing platform or system software
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to a particular purpose.
Computer Network
• A computer network is a collection of hardware
components and computers interconnected by
communication channels that allow sharing of
resources and information.
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• Networks may be classified according to a wide
variety of characteristics such as the medium
used to transport the data, communications
protocol used, scale, topology, and organizational
scope.
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Types of Computer Networks
•LAN
•MAN
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•WAN
•What is topology ????

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Database (DB)
• A database is shared collection of logically
related data in a systematic manner, that is
stored to meet the requirements of different
users of an organization, that can easily be
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accessed, managed, and updated.
• Types:
• Relational database
• NoSQL database
• Object Oriented database 29
Operating System (OS)
• A program that acts as an intermediary between a
user of a computer and the computer hardware
• Operating system goals:
• Execute user programs and make solving user
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problems easier
• Make the computer system convenient to use
• Use the computer hardware in an efficient
manner
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User
• A user is an agent, either a human agent (end-
user) or software agent, who uses a computer/
application/ software, platform or network
service.
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• User is granted certain accesses and specified
rights
• User can be a:
• Developer (programmer)
• Application User
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• Enterprises
Developer
• A developer, computer programmer, or
coder is a person who writes computer
software.
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• The term computer programmer can
refer to a specialist in one area of compute
programming or to a generalist who writes
code for many kinds of software.
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Application User
• The term end-user refers to the ultimate
operator of a piece of software, but it is
also a concept in software engineering,
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referring to an idea of that group of end-
users of computers.
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Enterprises
• An Enterprise( company or organization) using
computing services from another computing
organization.
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• Example:
• Companies using amazon services.
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Why Computer Programming?
• Computer programming in general is the
process of writing, testing, debugging, and
maintaining the source code and
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documentation of computer programs.
• The purpose of programming is to invoke

the desired behavior (customization) from
the machine.
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Continued….
• The process of writing high quality source
code requires knowledge of both the
application's domain and the computer
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science domain.
• The highest-quality software is thus
developed by a team of various domain
experts, each person a specialist in some
area of development.
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Considerations while programming
• Customer’s behavior
• Maximum utilization of Machine
• Must know CS and application domains
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Five sub-disciplines of the
Computing
• Computer Engineering
• Software Engineering
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• Computer Science
• Information Systems
• Information Technology 38
RECAP!

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Computer Engineering (CE)
• It integrates several fields of electrical
engineering and computer science
• Computer engineers usually have training
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in
• Electronic engineering
• Software design
• Hardware-software integration
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(cont’d…)
• Computer engineers are involved in many
hardware and software aspects of
computing:
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• Designing of individual microprocessors,
personal computers, and supercomputers,
to circuit design.
• Working and integration of computer
systems
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Software Engineering (SE):
• Software engineering (SE) is the
application of a systematic, disciplined,
measurable approach to the design,
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development, operation, and maintenance
of software, and the study of these
approaches; that is, the application of
engineering to software.
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Computer Science (CS):
• Computer science or computing science is the
scientific and practical approach to computation
and its applications.
• A computer scientist specializes in the theory of
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computation and the design of computational
systems.
• Its subfields can be divided into practical
techniques for its implementation and application
in computer systems and purely theoretical areas.
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(cont’d…)
• Focus on the challenges in
implementing computations such as:
• Programming complex systems
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• Human computer interaction (HCI)
• Designing efficient OS
• Developing APIs
• And so on … 45
Software Engineering vs. Computer Science
In software engineering you get

to learn the over all process of
building , designing and
maintenance of a software .
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In computer science you get into
a specialized field of CS such
as Artificial Intelligence,
Machine Learning , Information
security, Data analysis etc. 46
Computer Information System(s)
• CIS is a field studying computers and algorithmic
processes, including their principles, their
software and hardware designs, their
applications, and their impact on society while IS
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emphasizes functionality over design such as
• Management Information System (MIS)
• Automatic Identification System (AIS)
• Decision Support System (DSS) etc
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Information System (IS):
• "Information systems" is the study of
complementary networks of hardware and
software that people and organizations use to
collect, filter, process, create, and distribute data.
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• The study bridges business and computer science
using the theoretical foundations of information
and computation to study various business
models and related algorithmic processes within
a computer science discipline.
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Information Technology (IT)
• Information technology (IT) is the application of
computers and telecommunications equipment to
store, retrieve, transmit and manipulate data,
often in the context of a business or other
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enterprise.
• The term is commonly used as a alternative word
for computers and computer networks, but it also
involves other information distribution
technologies such as television and telephones.
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(cont’d…)
• Several industries are associated with information
technology, such as computer hardware,
software, electronics, semiconductors, internet
and telecom equipment, e-commerce and
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computer services.
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System Administrator
• Systems administrator, is a person employed to
maintain and operate a computer system or
network.
• They have a wide range of responsibilities which
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varies according to the type of organization they
are working in.
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Role of System Administrator

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Role of System Administrator
System administrator performs following roles:
• Installation of the system
• Technical Support Maintenance (Servers and
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other Computer resources)
• Planning for and responding to service outages
and other problems.
• Management for systems-related projects
• Supervising or training computer operators
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Traits of a professional
Being a professional
means that there are
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certain traits which
are expected from
an individual .
• We will go through Each of them one by one.

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Traits of a professional (cont’d…)
• Seriousness
• Must be serious about his job.
• Take on tasks with dedication
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• Wanting to do better
• Exhibit a never-ending quest to improve their
performance.
• Stay updated with latest trends and
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technologies.
• Communication Skills
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• Dealing with the Unexpected

• Stuff happens, things change, and the
true professional rises to the occasion.
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• Enthusiasm
• Attitude is everything.
• Those who exhibit enthusiasm for
what they do and greet each day with a
positive attitude. 58
• Taking the Initiative
• Takes the initiative to get things done
• Owns the organization
• Takes on challenges
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• Helpfulness
• Understand that real success in the workplace requires
teamwork
• Always ready to:
• Lend a hand
• Make a suggestion
• Offer a compliment when it’s deserved
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• Focused
• Stay focused on the task at hand and the goal ahead
• Navigate through obstacles or setbacks but never lose
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sight of where they headed
• Keeps Calm
• Level headed and calm
• Cheerful demeanor-even under stressful situations
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• Leadership
• True Professionals aren’t faint of heart
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• Analyze the situation and willing to take new paths and
try new solutions. That’s why they call it
LEADERSHIP! 61
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Applying Professionalism in
Real Life 62
Scenario #1
• You are a software engineer at a company where
management routinely encourages you and your
colleagues to use pirated software.
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• How would you respond in a way that is legal,
moral, and ethical?
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Scenario #2
• You are the owner of a software engineering
company. Your employees (engineers) want you
to let them do pro bono work for a local non-
profit organization on company time.
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moral, and ethical?
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Scenario #3
• You are the owner of a software engineering
company. Your employees (engineers) want you
to pay for them to attend training.
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moral, and ethical?
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Professional Practices in IT_ CSC110

Professional Practices in IT_

Class attendance 80%

Project & Presentation 10%

P.S:Can be changed accordingly

Professional Practices in IT_

• Dedication, integrity and responsibility are

Professional Practices in IT_

Professional Practices in IT_

What is computer ??????

Professional Practices in IT_

•What is topology ????

• The purpose of programming is to invoke

Professional Practices in IT_

In software engineering you get

Professional Practices in IT_

• We will go through Each of them one by one.

• Dealing with the Unexpected

• True Professionals aren’t faint of heart

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