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A Mixed Methods Phenomenological and Exploratory Study of Channeling
A Mixed Methods Phenomenological and Exploratory Study of Channeling
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Dean Radin
Institute of Noetic Sciences
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Wahbeh, H., Carpenter, L., & Radin, D. (2018). A mixed methods phenomenological and exploratory study of
Authors:
Loren Carpenter1
dissociated mental state with the intention of bringing forth an intelligent “entity” that speaks and acts through
their mind and body. During such states, the person acting as the channeler may or may not be consciously
aware of what they are saying or doing. This study was designed to contribute to the conceptual framework for
understanding the nature of channeling, as well as to further understand the phenomenological experiences of
such individuals. We invited five full-trance channelers to participate in a pilot study in Mt. Shasta, California,
between March 19 and March 22, 2017. Prior to the event, demographic measures, spirituality and religion
measures, experience with medication, and personality, dissociation and psychotic symptoms were collected via
questionnaires. The results showed that the channelers were similar to general population norms. As expected,
paranormal belief scores and reports of “anomalous information reception” experiences were high. During the
focus group meeting, a custom-built, multi-channel, random number generator (RNG) system located in the
same room as the group continuously recorded data for exploratory purposes. A modestly significant mean
difference between RNG data obtained during channeling versus no-channeling control periods was found (z =
2.250, p = 0.024, two-tail). This encourages additional research and development of physical detectors as
potential methods for objectively measuring environmental fluctuations associated with the act of channeling.
Such techniques may also provide a novel means of discriminating among different purported “beings” said to
arise during channeling sessions. Qualitative analysis of the channeled content revealed five common themes:
1) mechanisms of channeling; 2) the need to awaken humanity and methods by which to do so; 3) the nature of
reality; 4) descriptions of multi-dimensional beings and worlds; and 5) suggestions for advancing channeling
research.
Key words:
Channeling has been defined as: “The communication of information to or through a physically
embodied human being, from a source that is said to exist on some other level or dimension of reality than the
physical as we know it, and that is not from the normal mind (or self) of the channel” (Klimo, 1998, p. 2).
Numerous world cultures believe channeling provides genuine information, and channeling rituals in various
forms are regularly conducted in both religious and non-religious contexts (Crook, 1997; Hageman et al., 2009;
Kua, Sim, & Chee, 1986). Research suggests that channeling-related phenomena continue to be prevalent in
contemporary cultures (Haraldsson & Houtkooper, 1991). Full-trance channeling can be understood as a form
of channeling in which an individual willingly enters degrees of trance-like states of consciousness whereby the
channeler connects with sources of information that appear to exist outside of their ego-awareness. Full-trance
channelers use their bodies as “vehicles” for the purported disincarnate “being” to incorporate into and to
communicate directly via speaking or movement. The experience of full-trance channeling is in stark contrast to
those who describe themselves as living with multiple personalities sharing the same body (Ribary, Lajtai,
Demetrovics, & Maraz, 2017). Full-trance channelers are distinguished from mediums, who through
mediumship purportedly communicate with a deceased human or discarnate “being” without their bodies
“being” used as “vehicles.” Some traditions may refer to full-trance channelers also as mediums. In this work,
the term channeler will be used rather than medium. Religious groups such as the Spiritists in Brazil (Negro Jr,
Palladino-Negro, & Louzã, 2002) and Spiritualists in the United Kingdom (Roxburgh & Roe, 2011) engage in
full-trance channeling as part of their traditions and provide training programs on how to channel. While the
purported source and content of channeled information are variable, common sources and overarching themes
have been noted (Klimo, 1998). For example, purported sources include the “higher self,” gods and/or God, a
universal mind, collective unconscious, group beings, Jesus Christ, angels, devas/elementals, plants or animals,
extraterrestrials, deceased human beings, or earthbound spirits. Common content themes include “ageless
wisdom,” guidance and personal messages, descriptions of life in nonphysical realms, the past and/or future,
Research on channeling has not yet revealed whether channeling is a unique state of consciousness
(pathological or otherwise). A few preliminary studies evaluating psychopathology in mediums and channelers
have demonstrated that, in general, most do not have dissociative symptoms above clinical cut-offs in their daily
lives (Cohen, 1977; Negro Jr et al., 2002; Roxburgh & Roe, 2011). Neither has research revealed how
channeling could work even if one hypothesized that channelers were in fact relaying accurate information from
purported disincarnate “beings”. A limited amount of research using electroencephalography (EEG) has
attempted to assess if the channeled trance-state is similar to ordinary awareness, or if it appears to be a distinct
state of consciousness (Hughes & Melville, 1990). One systematic review evaluated full-trance channelers
before and during their channeling sessions and found increased levels of noradrenalin, muscle tone, heart rate,
and spectral power in alpha, beta, and theta EEG frequency bands (Bastos, Bastos, Goncalves, Osorio, &
Lucchetti, 2015). Another study examined EEG before, during, and after channeling in 10 experienced full-
trance channelers and 10 non-channeler controls, all recruited from the same Spiritist cultural community. The
study found that compared to the controls the channelers had greater beta EEG power in all phases of the
experiment, greater theta power on one electrode out of 22 while communicating, and greater alpha power on
one electrode during the post-communication phase. This result was not corrected for multiple electrodes and no
within-group differences were noted (Bastos et al., 2016). Thus, while reported changes noted in EEG measures
may be spurious, they are useful as preliminary efforts to study physiological differences between channeled
trance-state and non-channeled states. Studies of psychopathology and physiology contribute to our
understanding of channeling in general and to the unique nature of the channeling state specifically.
One approach for exploring channeling is to use phenomenological techniques to experiences that are
similar or different between channelers. The channeler’s first-person point of view in a non-channeling and/or
channeling state can provide information about their subjective state, and about how they believe channeling
works and the implications of the content. By documenting and comparing a range of channeling experiences,
allow for a more economical collection of information than individual interviews, but still allow for in-depth
Anecdotally, many channelers have reported unusual sensory or energetic sensations during channeling
sessions. Thus, another approach to studying channeling is to incorporate objective measures that may be
sensitive to subtle environmental effects associated with shifts in consciousness. In this regard, random number
generators (RNG) have been used to study intentional and attentional-related effects in many laboratory and
real-world experiments (Cardena, Palmer, & Marcusson-Clavertz, 2015; Nelson, 2015; Vargolis & Bancel,
2015). As a result, a custom-design RNG was included as an exploratory measure in this study to see if
subjective shifts in the environment could be detected as entropic changes in the RNG.
The overall goal of this project was to learn more about channeling and channelers in a group setting
with multiple channelers. The specific objectives were to 1) collect data on full-trance channelers’ subjective
experiences, 2) learn more about the channeling process in a group setting, and 3) collect exploratory RNG data
to see if there were any differences in data recorded during channeling versus no-channeling periods. Because
of the exploratory nature of this study, no formal hypotheses were formulated a priori.
Methods
Participants
Inclusion criteria included being at least 18 years old, a self-reported full-trance channeler, able to attend
the group sessions and being assessed to have normal levels of dissociative and psychotic symptoms.
Exclusions included physical health issues that might preclude attendance at the study.
The principal investigator (PI) contacted one full-trance channeler already known to her and one other
who was known through others at the Institute of Noetic Sciences. This latter channeler then referred another
full-trance channeler. Because the study was being conducted at a retreat center at Mt. Shasta, California, the PI
researched and found two full-trance channelers in that local area. These five channelers were selected for this
availability.
Participants signed an informed consent prior to the study, which explained the risks and benefits of
participation. Potential volunteers were able to verbally and via email ask questions to ensure they understood
the nature of the study and their role in it. There was also one conference call before the event to review the
procedures and answer any further questions. They reviewed and signed the informed consent via an online
platform. The study was approved by the Institute of Noetic Science Institutional Review Board. Participants
received lodging, meals and travel accommodations to attend the event, and a $100 gift card to compensate for
Materials
Survey
(surveymonkey.com). The survey collected information on demographics, spirituality and religious background,
and personality in order to understand the background and baseline characteristics of the participants.
Personality was measured with the Big Five Inventory-10 (BFI-10; Cronbach α range from .74-.89), a ten-item
scale with personality categories of extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, neuroticism, and openness.
Each item is rated on a 5-point Likert scale ranging from disagree strongly to agree strongly and items within
each category are averaged to derive category scores (Rammstedt & John, 2007).
To characterize the participant’s mental health status, we also collected information about current use of
psychoactive or psychiatric meditations, dissociative symptoms, and psychotic symptoms. These scales were
used to ensure participants did not have any mental health pathology that might preclude their participation.
Dissociative symptoms were evaluated using the Dissociation Experiences Scale Taxon (DES-T; Cronbach's α.
0.78) (N. G. Waller & Ross, 1997), which is an eight-item scale where respondents indicate how frequently they
experience each dissociative symptom in their daily life (e.g., 0%, 10%, ….100%). The DES-T score is the
has been used to identify pathological levels of dissociative symptoms (N. Waller, Putnam, & Carlson, 1996).
Psychotic symptoms were evaluated with the Community Assessment of Psychic Experiences-Positive Scale
(CAPE-P15; Cronbach's α = 0.79), a self-report instrument that measures current frequency of positive
psychotic-like experiences (Capra, Kavanagh, Hides, & Scott, 2013). Each item uses a 4-point Likert scale from
experiences (above 0), they were asked how distressed they were about the experience using a 4-point Likert
scale from 0 (“not distressed”) to 3 (“very distressed”). The total score is the average of the frequency and
intensity scores and ranges from 0 – 6, with higher scores reflecting greater psychotic symptoms. A score of
1.47 on the CAPE-P15 has been used as a clinical cut-off for ultra-high risk for psychosis (Bukenaite et al.,
2017).
The channelers’ level of belief in the paranormal was assessed with the paranormal belief subscale of the
New Age Orientation Survey, which consists of six items rated on a 6-point Likert scale from 1 (“strongly
disagree”), to 6 (“strongly agree”); this questionnaire produces a score from 6-36, with higher scores reflecting
Twenty-five “Anomalous information reception” (AIR) items were assessed using a scale developed by
the Institute of Noetic Sciences. AIR is our term for such experiences such as clairvoyance, telepathy, and
psychokinesis including channeling. This scale has a Cronbach’s α = 0.78, and items can be used individually or
as a total score. The total score is created by summing the endorsement binary variable (i.e. experienced item =
1, no experience = 0; 25 points max) with the frequency scores (Seldom -1; Sometimes – 2, Often – 3, Nearly
Always – 4; 4 points x 25 items = 100 points max) for each item. This results in a maximum possible score of
125; this score was then divided by 125 for ease of interpretation, providing a range from 0 to 1, with 1 being
We further asked if any of the participants’ AIR experiences occurred in the last 30 days, at what age
their experiences began, if they told anyone about them, if any family members had similar experiences, the
information.
Audio and video recordings were collected during all group sessions at Mt. Shasta and later transcribed.
Qualitative data analysis was conducted on the audio transcripts. Each transcript was read several times to gain
an overall sense of the data (Braun & Clarke, 2006). Using an inductive coding approach, descriptive codes
were created and included in a codebook that had the definition of each code and a brief description of when to
use it (Saldana, 2013). The codes were: Channeling (yes/no), Channeler designation (1-5), purported
disembodied Being (1-18), type of channeling (traditional, one channeler/one being); sequential, one being
moving from one channeler to another); simultaneous, more than one channeler channeling at the same time;
attempt at materialization, and content topics (e.g. nature of reality, how channeling works, awaken humanity,
etc). Each transcript excerpt was coded using the Dedoose web-based qualitative data analysis software for
managing, analyzing, and presenting qualitative and mixed method research data (Dedoose, 7.5.31,
quantum-based noise (we labeled it a Quantum Noise Generator, QNG) was placed in the southwest corner of
the room where the channeling occurred and recording began on March 19, 2017, before the start of any
channeling sessions. The QNG unit remained untouched for the duration of the event until March 22, 2017,
when it was powered off. The source of randomness in the QNG is similar to that used in commercial random
number generators, i.e., reverse-biased Zener diodes. Each diode was tested prior to use to gauge the four kinds
of random behavior that the devices can produce (Johnson noise, quantum tunneling, avalanche noise and shot
noise). Unlike most commercial RNGs, which turn random noise into bits (0s and 1s), the raw noise signal
SD card. That card also recorded the time stamp of the data (accurate to the second).
To analyze the QNG data, the signal produced by each channel was averaged to provide one sample per
minute for each of the 32 channels. Then each sample was coded according to activities occurring at that time.
For example, each sample was coded 1 when at least one individual was engaged in channeling, and 0 when
participants were seated in the same location in the living room, but no one was engaged in channeling. The
samples coded 0 acted as control data. These controls were not the same as non-channeling times when the
participants were moving about the house, out of the house, or sleeping. The temperature setting in the house
was set via a thermostat to be consistent at 70 degrees Fahrenheit. The house was heated with radiant floors and
thus there was no hot air blowing on the device. In addition, each sample was coded for the channeler engaged
in channeling at the time, and for the “being” speaking. Two measures were then generated for each sample: 1)
an autocorrelation metric, which measured temporal self-similarity within each noise signal, and then averaged
those values, per minute, over the 32 channels, i and 2) a mutual information measure, which measured the
degree of similarity amount the 32 QNG signals, per minute.ii Under the null hypothesis, neither of these
metrics should show any meaningful relationship with the events taking place in the room. The autocorrelation
and mutual information measures were not correlated with each other (over the entire recording period r = -
0.02, p = 0.47), and so they were combined into a single, composite QNG measure which metaphorically may
be thought of as a way to detect “disturbances in the force,” i.e., momentary distortions in the temporal and
spatial fabric of reality. iii This composite QNG measure was compared during control periods versus times
when the five channelers and principal investigator were sitting in the same locations and actively engaged in
channeling. To assess the probability of the mean difference between the experimental and control QNG
measures, a nonparametric circular-shift randomized permutation analysis was performed (Matlab 2018a,
MathWorks, Natick, MA). This entailed determining the mean difference in the QNG data between the two
conditions of interest, then randomly circular-shifting the original QNG array, calculating the same mean
difference using the shifted data, storing the resulting mean difference, then repeating this process 10,000 times.
randomly shifted mean differences. This technique was conservative because it made no assumptions about the
distribution of samples produced by the QNG. Additional comparisons were made and evaluated similarly
between data recorded during periods when different channeled “beings” were purportedly present, versus the
control data.
Procedure
The study took place in the town of Mt. Shasta, California between March 19 and March 22, 2017. All
study activities took place in a single-family rental house in a remote location to avoid interference from
neighbors, noises, etc. during the channeling sessions. There was one channeling session March 19, four
sessions March 20, three sessions March 21, and one session March 22.
The first session was on March 19 was unplanned and spontaneous. As we were gathered in the living
room discussing how the study would unfold, one of the channelers shared that a “being” wanted to come
through her. Channeler #1 then began channeling and spoke for 6 minutes. The first planned session occurred
the next morning, March 20. It began with the PI leading the group in a guided meditation and then reading a
list of questions. Because of the exploratory nature of the study, there were no expectations or guidelines on
how the channeling would unfold. The questions were intended as seeds for discussion. Some example
questions were: Can we verify that the “beings” coming through are actually separate from the channel? How
does channeling works? Can the “beings” come through and converse in a language that is unknown to the
channeler? What is the structure of the quantum world? Does artificial intelligence have consciousness? How
can we be all one and not one? After this introduction, the channeling sessions began. The initiation of
channeled communication happened organically. The participants sat in a meditative state and one or more
stated that they had a “being” who wanted to communicate. After a “being” or “beings” departed another
channeler would express that they had a “being” who wanted to communicate, or the group would discuss
material that was presented or a break would be requested. Details on which channeler channeled which “being”
during each session is discussed later. Four planned channeling sessions occurred on March 20 from 10:15 am-
March 21 from 10:30 am to 1 pm; 2:20 pm to 4:40 pm 4:53 pm to 6:16 pm. On March 22, there was one session
Results
The five channelers were female, Caucasian, aged 59 ± 16 years (range 40-72), with 17 ± 3 years of
education, and currently living in the United States. One was a native of the Middle East and two were native
Germans. Four of the five channelers were not in relationship. Their annual household income varied ($0-
$24,999 – 2; $25,000-$49,999 – 1; $50,000-$74,999 – 1; $100,000 & up – 1). Three were raised Christian and
two were raised “spiritual but not religious,” and all of the channelers endorsed “spiritual but not religious” as
Their average “Big Five” personality scores were as follows: Extraversion - 2.6 ± 0.82; Agreeableness -
3.8 ± 1.4; Conscientiousness - 3.2 ± 0.6; Neuroticism - 2.1 ± 0.7; Openness - 3.7 ± 1.0. Their average
Dissociation Experience Score was 12.3 ± 8.9 and their average Psychotic Symptom Score was 0.37 ± 0.39.
Their paranormal belief score was 30.8 ± 3.2. Individual scores for these measures are listed in Table 1.
Table 1. Personality Traits, Dissociation Experience Score, Psychotic Symptoms and Paranormal Belief by
Channeler.
Channeler 1 2 3 4 5
Survey Data: Anomalous information reception (AIR) experiences collected prior to focus group
experiences. Four channelers endorsed having had lucid dreaming, informational dreams, animal
communications, aura reading, clairvoyance/remote viewing, clairaudience, clairtangency (or psychometry, the
experience of knowing information about a physical object by touching it that could not be known through the
traditional five senses), geomancy, and physical healing experiences. Three channelers reported out-of-body
experiences. Two channelers reported automatic writing and clairgustance (the experience of a taste in the
mouth without any physical known reason for that taste). Levitation was reported by one channel. The average
weighted AIR score (endorsement plus frequency) was 0.51 ± 0.16 (range 0.3-0.7; possible range 0-1).
Three channelers had AIR-type experiences in childhood (0-15 years of age), one in adulthood (25-45)
and one channeler did not respond. Three channelers reported that the experiences started gradually and two
expressed a mix of spontaneous occurrences and some training. The channelers reported various form of
training, ranging from “Ascended Masters” to taking Transcendental Meditation teacher training, Amorah Quan
Yin, Reiki, Pranic healing, and mediumship training in Brazil. All channelers said they initiated the channeled
communications and one said that the “beings” also initiated communication. All channelers said that the AIR
experiences did not happen when they did not want them to, that they give implied or explicit permission for the
communication to occur, and that they were able to tell when a communication was about to occur. Their
not trance-channeling, I begin to see and hear the being of light I'm communicating with. If I'm trance
-“I feel it in my head first then my whole body. I start breathing fast, I feel the presence of another in my
-“For vocal channels, not simple telepathic contact, I feel pressure in my heart chakra.”
-“During sessions and workshops, a sacred space is created first with songs and drums. Other times if
they want to speak with me, I feel their presence and they begin to speak.”
Three channelers reported that they are usually in control of the experience and two said they are always
in control. Regarding the state of the channelers’ state of consciousness during the experience, two reported
being fully-conscious, one described being in a medium trance, and two described a light-trance. All of the
channelers told others about their experiences and four had family members with similar experiences. The
impact of the experiences on the channelers lives was very positive 95 ± 8 (0-100, with 100 = very positive).
The channelers reported that they expressed the channeled information in the following ways (the number of
channelers who endorsed each expression type is listed after the item): spoke the message out loud to another
person, who wrote it down (5); recorded the message some way (e.g. audio, video, written) (4); help to heal
others through energy work or other means (4); created art, such as painting or music or took physical action,
such as dance or sports (2); invented things (1); or communicated the information with a pendulum or Tarot
cards (1).
When the channelers were asked to check all items that applied for who or what they believed to be the
source of their channeled information, they selected the following (the number of channelers who endorsed each
source is listed after the item): group beings (a coherent bundle of still-individual or once-individual purported
“beings” who communicated from a single integrated source), ascended masters, angels, and/or extra-terrestrials
(4); higher self and/or Jesus Christ (3); gods and/or God, a universal mind, devas, plants or animals, deceased
human beings (2); and the collective unconscious, elemental spirits, or earthbound spirits (1). When the
the following: ageless wisdom, guidance and personal messages, and descriptions of life in nonphysical realms
(5); scientific/technological material; the future and the past, health and healing (4); information from or about
deceased humans (2); and subject matter for artistic/ creative expression (1).
Purported “beings”. Twenty-one purported “beings” were channeled during the sessions, including
“beings” reportedly from the Deva kingdom, Archangels (Archangel Michael, Gabriel and one unnamed),
Ascended Masters (Heyahwatha, Kathumi, Maitreya, Mother Mary, Mary Magdelene, Vovó Anamalia,
Yeshua), extra-terrestrial “beings” representing seven different star systems (Telos, Pleiadean, Arcturus, Sirius,
Orion, Cygnus, Lyra), two group “beings” (Galactic Beings of Light and Guardians of the Divine Feminine),
and one Earthbound spirit. The sequence of channeling sessions is listed in Table 2.
Table 2.
5 Desiron - Orion
2 Activation
5 Desiron - Orion
3 channeler
3 Osiris - Cygnus
4 Assos – Telos
Types of channeling. A variety of channeling types were experienced. The most common was where one
person channeled one “being” and the other participants listened. There were also several instances where
multiple channelers (up to 4) channeled different purported “beings” simultaneously. In these cases, more than
one channeler expressed that they were going to begin channeling and would then do so simultaneously. The
purported incorporated “beings” would then have a conversation with each other and with the group. There
were two attempts at materialization of a higher dimensional “being”, and there were two instances where
multiple channelers channeled the same “being” sequentially. In the latter case, the “being” stated that they
were leaving the current channeler, ceased communication, and then continued the same conversation in a
different channeler. Following is an excerpt of the transcript of one such case. Channelers speaking are labeled
by number to preserve anonymity and the content has been shortened for economy of space. A full transcript is
5 Because I’m not getting it real strong that she [Omsara] wants to come through me. She wants
2 Sure.
[all talking]
2 Is that how it works? She goes to the next. I’ve never done that before.
be you, me, 3. But that doesn’t necessarily mean that’s the way it will really work.
2 channeling We greet you. Oh, this is a new vessel. Interesting. This one she wanted to go on a craft
but we wouldn't let her. We let her go to our place. Very interesting. Yes. This is new. Allow her for
some time to fully, fully let us come through. Dear ones, all of you are star beings. Yes. And we wish to
express something here. When we, and others, speak through different vessels we connect with different
aspects within each vessel. So many times the energies are changing. We wish to laugh right now so
much. We are so joyous. Any time we get a new opportunity to be here in this density it is so interesting
for us. We don't know how you do it. Yes, and for that you’re doing amazing. We just wish you – so
joyous – this little vessel is not big enough for our joy, for our love. […..] Dear ones, from where we are
coming from, joy, this is what we live on and what we express and expand upon, joy and love. And now
we are going to move on. It was a pleasure to meet this one for now.
3 Yes.
[Pause]
3 channeling This is Omsara. We would like 3 to guide the camera through the process of how many
of us enter the vessel for channeling. We are at the crown, concentrating the energy. And it is delivered
in packages through the crown. There are certain parts of the body that have a lower level of resistance.
[…]Packets of energy are delivered and reach those parts of the body first with lowest resistance. This
is why some channels experience that certain body parts are resonating first. Some may feel that one
half of the body is accepting the energy before other parts of the body, and then we do some work to
balance the other parts of the body. Basically, what we try to do is we squeeze out all the muck, it’s a
nice word, all the muck out of you. But humans do hold on to it and there’s no fault in this. If you would
we can merge the energies [...] We unify the packages, we expand, there is an energetic merge and the
reason we appear different with each different vessel, body, vehicle we are talking through is because
the electromagnetic spectrum – and by this mean we mean the broader electromagnetic spectrum which
is not fully known yet to you – how each of you is different. Some of knowledge that comes through study
of rays which you are familiar with. […] So, the frequency of your denser bodies is different. Each tissue
is different. So, we will appear different. It’s not just the emotional body that’s different, it’s the whole
physical, mental, emotional, but if you come through the body there is certainly a large degree that the
body makes the difference. [….] The body delivering the message plays a role too, you know. And you
felt so much joy coming through her. You feel the more explanatory energy coming through her because
this is what she’s comfortable with and this is what she wants to do. She [pointing to channeler 2] wants
to give, she [pointing to channeler 3] wants to have explanations, she wants us to give explanations. So,
for me it is easy to tune into that and to talk through her like that. And this is why she an excellent
channeler for scientific information. […] With that said, I would be happy to move on into your body
5 channeling Thank you. I wish to thank most especially 2. She captures who I am and what I want to
bring to the humanity. And 3 captures what I want to bring because it is a different frequency, a
different library of mind. And you are all one. And those work together to bring us a scientist with a
sense of humor. This is very joyous for me because I did want to appear and I did want to be
acknowledged by a group who understands. I would like, after I am finished speaking here, to move over
to that chair, and to have those of you who can see, see who I am. It will take me a moment to get
transitioned. And then to have you report to one another as was said by this wise one. You each see
differently. You each sense differently. You each feel differently. And everyone is valid. So when you put
them together and share, you know what you see? You see what is common. You begin to see the basis of
bringing them back to what? White light. So honor the fact and do not fear the fact that you see and
sense differently. But share and find the white light that you each contribute to. I would like to do that if
that is all right. You [pointing to channeler 1] and 5 can sit and feel sorry for yourselves together that
5 channeling This one and this one do not have effective etheric vision so they see nothing while the
rest of you are seeing what is going on. But they do, and will, hold space.
Qualitative Data: Qualitative analysis of thematic content communicated during Mt Shasta sessions
Five major themes were found from the qualitative analysis of the channeled content. Example quotes
1) Mechanisms of channeling – “Each channel has their own general frequency and specific frequencies within
their body (emotional, physical (organs, tissues, etc.), mental. Then energy packets get merged into the
channels energy. This merging is why the same being in different channels appear different. It is a co-mingling
2) The need to awaken humanity and methods by which to do so – “For the earth to survive, for humanity to
continue, awakening needs to happen to all, one at a time, beloved. Your ability to channel all that you have
done is to awaken. It’s to awaken. To make clearly that something exists beyond this physical earth.”
3) The nature of reality – “There doesn’t get anything less than the elementals. Orishas and elementals are the
same thing. They are the base building block…The devas in the galaxy are the builders. They are the ones who
take orishas, or elementals, depending on your language, these are called into creation by specialized forms of
telepathically… even though it is not all telepathically, we have sound. We communicate but there is a
telepathic connection that we understand with less words…. And the transference of thought packets is what we
use at times, you see, so, the blocks of thought are easier transferred what you would call here in your
representation is the Internet. The Internet is the stepping stone to become where we are and other civilizations
5) Suggestions for advancing channeling research - ”[ Group channeling for public forums where participants
can have a direct experience.] If this is done right, if this done truly done right - given the way humanity is now,
no one will leave that experience without having some aspect of their firmly held beliefs challenged.”
Please see Supplemental Data for a detailed description of themes and relevant quotes. There were no
attempts made to verify the information communicated. The content is shared here for the benefit of future
studies that may attempt to collate or evaluate the content as veridical or useful.
The channeling data included 1,133 QNG samples (one sample per minute). Of that, some 658 samples
were recorded during channeling periods and 475 during control periods. The composite QNG measures were
statistically different between the channeling periods as compared to the control periods (z = 2.250, p = 0.024,
two-tailed) providing modest evidence that aspects of the electronic noise, possibly reflecting a kind of
Table 3.
(Sample)
Comparisons between each “being” period and the control data are shown in Table 4. “Being” periods 9, 14,
and 16 included multiple channelers channeling multiple “beings” at the same time, therefore, there are only 18
“being” sessions. Channeling periods for being 7 was statistically significant as compared to no-channeling
control periods after adjustment for multiple tests using False Discovery Rate p ≤ 0.05 out of the 18 tests
Table 4.
(Sample)
1 0.373 ± 0.005 (7) 0.162 ± 0.021 (7) 0.237 (7) 0.592 0.554b
2 0.388 ± 0.013 (52) 0.138 ± 0.053 (52) 0.997 (52) 1.896 0.058 b
3 0.396 ± 0.015 (52) 0.044 ± 0.02 (52) -0.122 (52) 0.370 0.712 b
4 0.381 ± 0.011 (28) 0.082 ± 0.019 (28) -0.739 (28) -0.372 0.710 b
5 0.386 ± 0.013 (27) 0.073 ± 0.036 (27) -0.499 (27) -0.122 0.903 b
6 0.381 ± 0.012 (44) 0.108 ± 0.014 (44) -0.145 (44) 0.287 0.774 b
7 0.387 ± 0.012 (35) 0.225 ± 0.015 (35) 2.728 (35) 3.431 0.0006 b
8 0.377 ± 0.013 (38) 0.096 ± 0.023 (38) -0.653 (38) -0.300 0.764 b
9 0.379 ± 0.016 (41) 0.11 ± 0.048 (41) -0.22 (41) 0.173 0.863 b
10 0.378 ± 0.009 (28) 0.135 ± 0.028 (28) 0.201 (28) 0.612 0.541 b
11 0.379 ± 0.01 (87) 0.115 ± 0.04 (87) -0.111 (87) 0.400 0.689 b
12 0.382 ± 0.011 (22) 0.196 ± 0.026 (22) 1.785 (22) 2.098 0.0359 b
14 0.379 ± 0.011 (49) 0.107 ± 0.028 (49) -0.237 (49) 0.175 0.861 b
15 0.375 ± 0.011 (23) 0.161 ± 0.033 (23) 0.548 (23) 0.940 0.347 b
16 0.375 ± 0.012 (39) 0.091 ± 0.024 (39) -0.796 (39) -0.471 0.638 b
17 0.402 ± 0.016 (11) 0.063 ± 0.014 (11) 1.173 (18) 1.485 0.138 b
18 0.398 ± 0.012 (18) 0.099 ± 0.02 (18) 0.237 (7) 0.592 0.554 b
Note: Mutual information and autocorrelation mean, standard deviations and number of samples. Composite
score mean and number of samples. Z-score and a two-tailed p-statistic for the comparison of the composite
Discussion
In summary, a study involving five full-trance female, Caucasian, channelers was conducted
over four days. Survey data collected prior to the study revealed that the channelers were healthy with no
channeling communications, gave implied or explicit permission for the channeling to take place, could tell
when the communication was to occur, had some level of control of the experience, and perceived channeling to
have a positive impact on their lives. The survey data also revealed various ages of channeling onset, training,
level of trance, expression, source and content of the information, and family history. During the nine sessions
of the focus group, 21 purported “beings” were channeled during the sessions in varying forms of channeling
(e.g. traditional, simultaneous, sequential) and a statistically different mean composite QNG measure was
obtained during the channeling sessions as compared to the control periods. The content themes expressed
during the channeling sessions were varied but mirrored previously reported channeled topics (Klimo, 1998).
a second language for three of the channelers. Similar to global trends regarding religious affiliations, the
channelers reported that they grew up either Christian or as “spiritual but not religious,” but currently all
affiliated with the designation, “spiritual but not religious” (Pew Research Center, 2015). The channelers’
personality, dissociation and psychotic symptoms were comparable to healthy general population norms. Only
one participant was on a psychotropic medication, an antidepressant. Their personality values were similar to
other general healthy adults (Rammstedt, 2007). All Dissociation Experience Scores and Psychotic Symptom
Scores were less commonly used clinical cutoff for pathological dissociation (N. Waller et al., 1996) and
As expected, the channelers degree of paranormal belief was high. All five channelers endorsed multiple
AIR experiences on the pre-focus group survey. Clearly, the participants’ subjective AIR experiences are not
limited to full-trance channeling. The majority of the channelers first experienced AIR as children. One
participant had their first experience as an early adult and one did not answer the question. For most, the
experiences started gradually although the experiences started spontaneously for some who then received
training to further their experiences. The trainings were quite diverse. One of the participants was a
Transcendental Meditation teacher for 20 years in addition to mediumship training in Brazil, while another had
no formal training although during channeling sessions the purported “beings” would prescribe exercises and
All of the channelers said they initiated the communication and could anticipate when the transmission
was about to occur. The subjective experience of communication onset was diverse, such as sensing an energy
or presence or emotion (typically love) or physical sensations (going numb, pressure in the heart, breathing
fast). All channelers noted that they gave implicit (such as getting quiet and relaxing to allow the connection) or
explicit permission for the communication to occur, are always or usually in control of the experience, and that
it never happened when they did not want it to. They also expressed that the impact of these experiences on
their lives were very positive. These responses relevant to permission and control, along with the normal
pathological condition. Similar findings have been noted in Spiritist channelers in Brazil (Negro Jr et al., 2002).
Interestingly, the level of conscious awareness during the channeling experience ranged from fully conscious to
medium trance. While full-trance channelers are historically assumed to be in a deep trance for the purported
being to make use of their body for direct communication, at least in this group, achieving deep trance was not
necessary. All five channelers had some level of professional channeling activities.
The most common content themes endorsed in the pre-focus group survey closely reflected the content
themes during the focus groups: ageless wisdom, guidance and personal messages, and descriptions of life in
nonphysical realms. Similarly, the source of channeled information endorsed in the pre-focus group survey were
also reflected in the purported “beings” channeled during the focus group. Despite there being only five
channelers, there was a diversity in the number and type of “beings” communicating. This was different than
other recognized channelers who are known for channeling primarily one being (e.g. Esther Hicks – Abraham;
JZ Knight – Ramtha, Jane Roberts – Seth). The purported “beings” directly communicated through the
channelers body and thus, there was no need for “translation” as might occur with a medium who was relaying
information from a purported deceased human during a mediumship session or mental mediumship. The
channelers described their experience as stepping aside to allow the “being” to use their body to communicate
and are observing as the communication ensues. Additional research is needed to further examine this
experience.
A novel feature of this exploratory study was the use of a custom-designed random number generator
system to evaluate correlations between electronic noise and periods of channeling versus non-channeling.
Analysis of the resulting data showed interesting differences between the two conditions, implying – in a
metaphorical way – that the channeling process may have been associated with distortions in spacetime. The
non-channeling condition controlled for location and number of people in the room, temperature, and activity
level. These exploratory findings warrant further research into the use of random number generators and similar
“beings”.
The purpose of this study was not to test the veracity of the purported “beings” or “their”
communications. Rather, the content generated by the channelers was simply reported as part of the
phenomenology of channeling experiences. However, in regards to content about how channeling works, efforts
can be made to attempt to verify some of the information that was communicated during the sessions. For
example, the purported channeled “beings” expressed that there is a genetic component required to being able to
channel and/or experience anomalous information reception. Four of the five channelers stated that they had
family members with similar experiences and AIR experiences are anecdotally known to run in families. There
have also been some case studies examining heredity of such experiences (Cohn, 1999). In an attempt to further
evaluate if there is a genetic component, the Institute of Noetic Sciences is currently conducting a case-control
study evaluating genetic difference between high functioning psychics and controls. A few studies have begun
to evaluate the veracity, information source and physiology of mental channelers. Positive preliminary results
have been noted from mental channelers (rather than trance channelers) in providing accurate information about
deceased humans (Delorme et al., 2013) and discerning between photographs of deceased or living humans
(Delorme, Pierce, Michel, & Radin, 2016). Other researchers have demonstrated the veracity of information
obtained about deceased humans by mental channelers (Beischel, Boccuzzi, Biuso, & Rock, 2015; Beischel &
While we may not be able to test the veracity of all the channeled content, we can investigate the
cognitive and physiological processes involved when people access information that is not available to them
through conventional means. Some studies have demonstrated differences in EEG during channeling activities
compared to control conditions lending preliminary evidence that channeling states are not only
phenomenologically but also physiologically distinct. EEG data were collected on channelers during a mental
mediumistic communication task. When a mental channeler was obtaining accurate information about a
deceased human, increased frontal theta EEG power was observed (Delorme et al., 2013). In a similar
or living human. Visual processing as indexed by the early visual activity in the parieto-occipital right cortex
differed between correct versus incorrect responses to images of deceased individuals (Delorme et al., 2016).
Few studies have evaluated trance channelers as opposed to mental channelers as mentioned in the introduction
(Bastos et al., 2015; Bastos et al., 2016). Future trance channeling studies could also include robust
physiological measurements (EEG, electrocardiography, respiration etc.) during channeling and non-channeling
conditions in multiple channelers along with phenomenological to observe any physiological changes during
various channeling scenarios. In-laboratory studies such as these may help elucidate how the perceived state of
In conclusion, this phenomenological and exploratory study found that channeling for our participants
was a non-pathological, consensual, and integrative process with positive impact on their lives. Unique to this
paper was the objective QNG data demonstrating differences between the channeling and no-channeling
conditions as well as the documentation of group channeling and multiple channelers channeled the same being
sequentially.
Acknowledgements
We would like to thank the Institute of Noetic Sciences, the Ray Benton Foundation and the Federico and Elvia
Faggin Foundation for their support of this work. We would also like to thank Fraser Fontane for his help with
the project.
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traditional five senses. There are a range and that frequency range is something that
type of channel and type of -Frequency of the channel and the frequency of the
information that can be received and message will resonate with that frequency structure
1) The person’s willingness to - Each channel has their own general frequency
receive and experience information, and specific frequencies within their body
awareness/maturity, 3) the person’s Then energy packets get merged into the channels
frequency and energy structure (that energy. This merging is why the same being in
spoken, etc.
channeling.
body)].
Awakening -We are all one and using direct -All of creation is oneness. There is no separation.
Humanity experience rather than “proof” to We all are you. And you are all us.
understand this. Teachers for -The oneness is like the electromagnetic spectrum.
millennia have been giving Is it not one? Yet, each frequency is unique and
messages of love, peace and separate but also part of a greater whole that is
experience then they do not need -[With direct experience,].. you do not need proof.
proof. You are it. You feel it. You know it. You know God
-Waking each person to their order the whole of each being to wake up from the
consciousness’ existence beyond the inside out, not the proof from the outside in.
experienced beyond Earth (i.e. there - We wish to give you this update that critical mass
has.
-Integrating the masculine and well. No matter how private you think your thought
feminine within each person. is, it goes into that network. And the more love that
achieve.
Nature of Creation of the universe - There doesn’t get anything less than the
design is.
humanity and physical life. Angels are beings who have not taken
see these and other multi- terrestrials or off-Earth allies are beings who are
dimensional beings in the future. actively and usually covertly supporting humanity
to awaken.]
Higher dimensional worlds the star ships, the physical star ships that we can
see. That was a very big step for more and more to
No space or time or 3D physical ones who have reached the highest levels of love
In the same way the first people in the 50s saw the
knowledge.
Sirian, Arcturius)].
Future Research Group channeling in research -[Model to increase energy and allow for cross-
Group channeling for public forums - If this is done right, if this done truly done right -
where participants can have a direct given the way humanity is now, no one will leave
further faster.
Notes: Text in italics are verbatim quotes from channeling sessions. Text within [] are summarized and
paraphrased concepts.
i
Data from each of the 32 QNG channels was recorded at 1 KH and evaluated in one-minute chunks. The first step in the
autocorrelation analysis was to determine the mean autocorrelation for lags ranging from 1 to 10 milliseconds, per minute, per
channel. Then the resulting mean autocorrelations were averaged across the 32 QNG channels to produce a single, minute by minute
measure of autocorrelation. This metric reflects a form of short-term “temporal coherence” in that under ordinary conditions one
would expect each sample generated by the QNGs to be temporally independent, in which case the average autocorrelation should be
null.
ii
The mutual information analysis involved calculating all possible pairs of correlations from the data generated by each of the 32
QNG channels, per minute, then averaging those correlations. This formed a single, minute by minute, measure of mutual information.
This metric reflects a form of “spatial coherence” in that under ordinary conditions, with no external influences, the data from the
QNGs should show no dependencies among the 32 channels.
iii
After creating the minute-by-minute autocorrelation and mutual information measures, each array was normalized into standard
normal deviates (z scores), and then the two measures were combined, minute by minute, as a Stouffer Z, i.e., each minute of the
normalized autocorrelation and mutual information data were summed and then divided by the square root of 2.