Bacterial Diseases

Organism Disease
Staphylococcus aureus 1. Pyogenic infections
a. Localized skin infections
b. Staphylococcal pneumonia
c. Invasive conditions
2. Toxin-mediated disease
a. Staphylococcal food poisoning
b. Toxic shock syndrome [TSS]
c. Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome [SSSS]
Streptococcus pyogenes 1. Pharyngitis (sore throat, tonsillitis)
2. Scarlet fever
3. Skin & soft tissue infections
a. Impetigo ( pyodermal )
b. Cellulitis & erysipelas
4. Invasive streptococcal infections
a. Puerperal fever
b. Acute endocarditis
c. Necrotizing fasciitis
d. Toxic shock syndrome
Post-streptococcal sequale :
Acute rheumatic fever
Acute glomerulonephritis
Streptococcus agalactiae Neonatal sepsis
Serious infection in adults
Viridans streptococci Subacute bacterial endocarditis [SBE]
Streptococcus 1. Pneumonia, meningitis & otitis media ( 3 major disease )
pneumoniae 2. Sinusitis & conjunctivitis
3. Endocarditis & septic pericarditis
Enterococcus 1. Urinary tract infections
2. Intra-abdominal / pelvic wound infections
3. Bacteraemia
4. Endocarditis
5. Abscess, meningitis, peritonitis, osteomyelitis & wound infection
Neisseria gonorrhoeae 1. Gonorrhoea
2. Neonatal conjunctivitis
3. Vulvovaginitis
4. Pelvic inflammatory disease [PID]
5. Disseminated gonococcal infection [DGI] or gonococcaemia
Neisseria meningitidis Meningitis & meningococcaemia
Moraxella (Branhamella ) Respiratory tract infections including
catarrhalis a. Bronchitis
b. Pneumonia
c. Otitis media
d. Sinusitis
Organism Disease
Corynebacterium Diphtheria
diphtheriae
Listeria monocytogenes Neonatal meningitis
Food poisoning
Gardnerella vaginalis 1. Bacterial vaginosis [BV]
2. Preterm birth, premature rupture of membranes & chorioamnionitis
3. Postpartum or postabortal fever
4. Neonatal infections
Erysipelothrix Erysipeloid
rhusiopathiae [a skin infection that resembles erysipelas caused by streptococci]
Bacillus anthracis Anthrax
Bacillus cereus Food poisoning
a. Emetic form
b. Diarrhoeal form
Clostridium perfringens 1. Gas gangrene or clostridial myonecrosis
2. Anaerobic cellulitis
3. Food poisoning
Clostridium tetani Tetanus
Clostridium botulinum Food-borne botulism
Infant botulism
Clostridium difficile Pseudomembranous colitis
Antibiotic-associated diarrhoea
Bacteroides fragilis Intra-abdominal & soft tissue infections below the diaphragm
Infection of head & neck [occasionally]
Fusobacterium In association with spirochaetes  produce fusospirochaetal disease in
oral cavity
Propionibacterium acne Acne vulgaris
Mycobacterium Human tuberculosis
tuberculosis
M.avium complex [MAC]
M.avium,M.intracellulare Pulmonary disease,
lymphadenitis in children, and
disseminated infections in AIDS patients
M.kansasii Chronic lung disease resembling classical TB
M.ulcerans Ulcerating infections of the skin (Buruli ulcer)
M.fortuitum complex :
M.abscessus Chronic lung disease, post-traumatic wounds infections, abscesses,
disseminated cutaneous disease and nosocomial bacteraemia associated
with contaminated haemodialysis equipment
M.chelonae Disseminated nodular skin disease
Mycobacterium leprae Tuberculoid leprosy
Lepromatous leprosy

Organism Disease
Escherichia coli 1. Urinary tract infection [UTI]
2. Neonatal meningitis
 3. Pneumonia, sepsis, septicaemia and endotoxic shock
4. Diarrhoea
a. Enterotoxigenic E.coli [ETEC] :
Severe diarrhoea in infants and childrens
Traveler’s diarrhoea in adults
b. Enterohaemorrhagic E.coli [EHEC] :
Bloody diarrhoea / haemorrhagic colitis
Haemolytic uraemic syndrome [HUS]
c. Enteropathogenic E.coli [EPEC] :
Infantile diarrhoea
d. Enteroinvasive E.coli [EIEC] :
Disease identical to that caused by Shigella spp. but do not
produce shiga toxin
e. Enteroaggregative E.coli [EaggEC] :
Persistent diarrhoea in children
Klebsiella 1. Urinary tract infection
2. Pneumonia
3. Wound and bloodstream infections with focal lesions
4. Neonatal sepsis
Salmonella 1. Salmonella food poisoning
2. Typhoid and paratyphoid fevers
3. Septicaemia [or bacteraemia]
Shigella Bacillary dysentery
Proteus 1. Urinary tract infection
2. Wound infections and abscess formation
3. Respiratory infections : otitis media and pneumonia
4. Septicaemia and meningitis
Morganella morganii 1. Urinary tract infection
2. Wound infections
3. Diarrhoea
Providencia rettgeri 1. Urinary tract infection
2. Wound infection
3. Burn infection
Yersinia pestis 1. Bubonic plague
2. Septicaemia plague
3. Pneumonic plague
Vibrio cholerae Cholera
Vibrio parahaemoliticus Enteritis [manifest as watery diarrhoea or as a dysenteric syndrome]
Aeromonas hydrophila 1. Bacteraemia and septicaemia in immunocompromised patients
2. Wound infections [cellulitis, myonecrosis and ecthyma gangrenosum]
3. Gastroenteritis [ a watery diarrhoea and a dysenteric illness]

Organism Disease
Campylobacter Campylobacteriosis :
a. Campylobacter enteritis
Campylobacter diarrhoea [can be mild to severe, watery or bloody]
 b. Extraintestinal infections
Such as reactive arthritis, bacteraemia, meningitis, pneumonia,
abortion and acute cholecystitis
c. Guillain-Barre syndrome
Helicobacter pylori 1. Peptic ulcer
2. Chronic gastritis
[duodenal/gastric ulcers, mucosal atrophy, gastric carcinoma/gastric
lymphoma may follow chronic gastritis]
Pseudomonas aeruginosa Community acquired infections :
a. Folliculitis
b. External ear infections in swimmers, diabetics & the elderly
c. Eye infections
d. Osteomyelitis in children & in intravenous-drug users
e. Endocarditis in intravenous-drug users
Nosocomial infections :
a. Respiratory infections especially in intubated patient in ICU
b. Urinary tract infections
c. Wound infections and septicaemia
d. Meningitis following lumbar puncture
e. Chronic lung infection in cystic fibrosis
Acinetobacter May cause :
a. Pneumonia
b. Urinary tract infection
c. Meningitis
d. Skin and wound infection
Haemophilus influenzae Bacterial meningitis & epiglottitis in children less than 5 years of age
type b Pericarditis, pneumonia, septic arthritis, osteomyelitis & facial cellulitis in
the same age of group
Non typable H.influenzae Pneumonia and bacteraemia in adults & old children
Otitis media & sinusitis
Haemophilus ducreyi Chancroid
Haemophilus aegyptius Acute mucopurulent conjunctivitis
Brazillian purpuric fever
Bordetella pertussis Whooping cough ( pertussis )
Brucella Brucellosis [undulant fever/malta fever]
Legionella Legionnaire’s disease and pontiac fever
Treponema pallidum Syphilis [chancre]
Borrelia
B. recurrentis Louse-borne [epidemic ] relapsing fever
B. duttoni and B. Hermsii Tick-borne [endemic] relapsing fever
Lyme disease
Leptospira Leptospirosis [Weil’s disease] infectious jaundice

Organism Disease
Mycoplasma pneumonia 1. Atypical pneumonia
2. Bronchopneumonia
3. Acute pharyngitis
4. Anemia
5. Septic arthritis
Genital mycoplasmas 1. Nongonococcal urethritis in men
M. hominis 2. Neonatal sepsis in prematures
M. genitalium 3. Acute pyelonephritis, pelvic inflammatory disease [PID], and
Ureaplasma urealyticum postabortal/postpartum fever
4. Septic arthritis
Chlamydia trachomatis Non-sexually transmitted diseases :
1. Ocular infections
a. Trachoma
b. Inclusion conjunctivitis
2. Neonanatal pneumonia
Genital tract infections :
1. Nongonococcal [NGC] urethritis, cervicitis, salpingitis, proctitis and
epididymitis
2. Lymphogranuloma venereum [LGV]
Chlamydophila Atypical pneumonia
pneumoniae Associated with atherosclerosis & heart disease, adult asthma and
Alzheimer’s disease
Chlamydophila psittaci Psittacosis [atypical pneumonia]
Coxiella burnetii Q [Query] fever
Rickettsia prowazekii Louse-borne typhus/ Epidemic typhus (worldwide)
Rickettsia prowazekii Brill-Zinsser disease (worldwide)
Rickettsia typhi Murine [endemic] typhus (worldwide)
Rickettsia rickettsii Rocky mountain spotted fever (western hemisphere)
Rickettsia akari Rickettsialpox (USA)
Rickettsia conorii Boutonneuse fever (Afrika, Middle East, Southern Europe)
Orientia tsutsugamushi Scrub typhus (Japan, Eastern Asia, Australia)
Actinomyces israelli Actinomycosis
Nocardia astroides Nocardiosis :
a. Pulmonary nocardiosis
b. Brain abscess
c. Cutaneous nocardiosis
Malassezia furfur Pityriasis versicolor
Microsporum,Trichophyto Dermatophytes
n
Epidermophyton
Aspergillus fumigatus Aspergillosis
Pneumocystis carinii Pneumocystis
Candida albicans Candidiasis
Cryptococcus neoformans Cryptococcosis
Actinomadura madurae Actinomycotic mycetoma
Nocardia brasiliensis
Streptomyces somaliensis
Madurella mycetomatis Eumycotic mycetoma
Madurella grisea
Allescheria boydii