Ybje 2 `n 274

274  
 

Wbkoe `n M`ltelts 

2.9 Kusdless & Fblbjefelt

Fblbjefelt ................................
.................................................
...................................
...........................
......... 7 
2.2 Mrebte ]trbtejdm Gdremtd`l blg Yobl n`r F&[ @perbtd`l ......................................
...................................... 7 
2.; Bgfdldster ]trbtejdm Yobl ................................................
..........................................................................
.................................
....... 5 
2.= Febsure Yern`rfblme
Yern`rfblme ................................................
.........................................................................
...................................
.......... 28 
2.7 @rjbldzbtd`lbo
@rjbldzbtd`lbo Mhbljes ..................................................
...........................................................................
...............................
...... =8  
2.5 M`ffuldmbtd`l
M`ffuldmbtd`l wdth ]tbceh`ogers
]tbceh`ogers ...................................
............................................................
...............................
...... 77 
Ydoobr 2 Fetrdms Bppelgdx  .................................................................................................... 78

;.9 Fblunbmturdlj
Fblunbmturdlj Yr`mess [eodbkdodty ..............................................
...........................................................
............. 59 

;.2 @perbtdlj Yr`megures

Yr`megures.......................
.................................................
............................................................. 59  
...................................
;.; Yr`mess Dfpr`vefelt
Dfpr`vefelt Wemhldques ......................
...............................................
............................................
................... 5> 
;.= Mhblje Fblbjefelt
Fblbjefelt .....................................................................
....................................................................................
............... >2 
;.7 Fbdltbdl Yr`messes...........................
Yr`messes....................................................
...................................................
....................................
.......... >5 
Ydoobr ; Fetrdms Bppelgdx  .................................................................................................... >8

=.9 ERUDYFELW
ERUDYFELW [EODBKDODWT.......
[EODBKDODWT........................
...................................
...................................
..............................
............. :9 
=.2 Geterfdle
Geterfdle Equdpfelt [eodbkdodty Expemtbtd`
Expemtbtd`ls
ls ...........................................
.................................................
...... :9 
=.; Evboubte Equdpfelt
Eq udpfelt [eodbkdodty
[eodbkdod ty Blg Dgeltdny Dfpr`vefelt
Dfpr`v efelt @pp`rtuldtdes ............
........ .... :7 
=.= Estbkodsh B ]trbtejdm Yobl W` Bssure [eodbkdodty @n Exdstdlj Equdpfelt ............... :> 
 
=.7 Estbkodsh B ]trbtejdm Yobl W` Bssure [eodbkdodty @n Lew Equdpfelt .................... :8
=.5 Austdny the M`sts `n ]eoemteg Yobls n`r Dfpoefeltbtd`l
Dfpoefeltbtd`l .....................................
..................................... :4
:4 
=.> Dfpoefelt ]eoemteg Yobls t` Bssure Equdpfelt [eodbkdodty................................
................................ 82 
=.: [evdew [eodbkdodty @n Equdpfelt Blg Bgaust [eodbkdodty ]trbtejy ..............
........................
.......... 8= 
Ydoobr = Fetrdms Bppelgdx  .................................................................................................... 85

7.9 Oebgershdp
Oebgershdp blg @rjbldzbtd`l
@rjbldzbtd`l ..................................
...................................................
.................................
................ 8:  
7.2 Geterfdle
Geterfdle @rjbldzbtd`lbo
@rjbldzbtd`lbo [equdrefelts
[equdrefelts .........................................................
......................................................... 8: 
7.; Blboyzdlj @rjbldzbtd`lbo Mbpbkdodty .................................
..........................................................
...............................
...... 4; 
7.= Geveo`p the @rjbldzb
@rjbldzbtd`l
td`l ]trumture
]trumture .....................................
..............................................................
...........................
.. 45 

Ybje ; `n 274

274  
 

7.7 Geveo`p Yers`lleo ...................................

............................................................
...................................................
.......................... 29= 
7.5 Oebg blg Fblbje Ye`poe................................................
..........................................................................
.............................
... 222 
Ydoobr 7 Fetrdms Bppelgdx  .................................................................................................. 228

5.9 Z`rc Fblbjefelt

Fblbjefelt.................................
..................................................
.................................. .............. 2;9 
...............................
5.2 Dgeltdny, ^bodgbte blg Bppr`ve Z`rc Dltbce ..................................................
.................................................. 2;9 
5.; Yrd`rdtdze
Yrd`rdtdze Z`rc ..................................................
...........................................................................
..........................................
................. 2;; 
5.= Yobl Z`rc ...........................................
.....................................................................
...................................................
.............................
.... 2;5 
5.7 ]mheguoe Z`rc ................................
.........................................................
...................................................
..................................
........ 2;4 
5.5 Exemute Z`rc .............................
.......................................................
...................................................
......................................
............. 2=; 
5.: Blboyze Z`rc blg N`oo`w-Up ..............................................
.......................................................................
......................... 2=> 
5.8 Febsure Z`rc Fblbjefelt Yern`rfblme ...........................
.....................................................
.......................... 2=4 
5.4 Yobl blg Exemute Yr`aemts...............................................
Yr`aemts.........................................................................
.............................
... 272 

5.29 Use Dln`rfbtd`l

Dln`rfbtd`l Wemhl`o`jdes
Wemhl`o`jdes ennemtdveoy ............................... ..................... 27= 
....................................................
5.22 Fblbje res`urmes
res`urmes blg fbterdbos ...................................
............................................................
.............................
.... 275 
Ydoobr 5 Fetrdms Bppelgdx  .................................................................................................. 278

Ybje = `n 274

274  
 

Fblbjefelt 
2.9 Kusdless & Fblbjefelt 
Wrblsobte kusdless j`bos dlt` fbdltelblme blg reodbkdodty j`bos thbt supp`rt bl

`rjbldzbtd`l—s kusdless j`bos. 

j`bos. 
2.2 Mrebte ]trbtejdm Gdremtd`l blg Yobl n`r F&[ @perbtd`l
Fbdltelblme blg reodbkdodty oebgers mrebte b vdsd`l blg b fdssd`l bs weoo bs b
strbtejdm pobl, t` judge dfpoefeltbtd`l `n bppr`prdbte fbdltelblme blg
reodbkdodty systefs blg pr`messes, dl `rger t` bmhdeve `rjbldzbtd`lbo kusdless
j`bos. Whe strbtejdm pobl pr`vdges b moebr purp`se (b gef`lstrbteg kusdless
leeg), gendleg j`bos blg, dl turl, kelendts t` the `rjbldzbtd`l. J`bos sh`uog ke
moebr, febsurbkoe blg estbkodsheg dl b t`p-g`wl (mbsmbgdlj) fbller.
Fbdltelblme blg reodbkdodty oebgers utdodze thedr cl`woegje `n dlgustry
kelmhfbrcs t` bssdst dl estbkodshdlj these j`bos, pr`vdge b febsurefelt
systef, blg geterfdle jbps dl thedr fbdltelblme blg reodbkdodty pr`messes. Dt ds

dfp`rtblt
`l n`rblg
the j`bos `perbtd`ls, fbdltelblme,
the febsures blg `therthef.
useg t` qubltdny dlv`oveg gds mdpodles
gdsmdpodles
Equbooy t` bjree
dfp`rtblt ds bl
ulgerstblgdlj `n every`le—s r`oe dl the strbtejdm pobl blg the resp`lsdkdodtdes
they hbve. [`utdle revdew blg gdsmussd`l `n pr`jress wdoo pr`vdge tebf
m`ffdtfelt blg boo`w n`r perd`gdm bgaustfelts t` the pobl thbt
th bt fby ke
requdreg.

2.2.2 M`lmepts
2.2.2  M`lmepts  
Ulgerstblg the `rjbldzbtd`l—s kusdless j`bos 
j`bos 
Ulgerstblg murrelt fbdltelblme blg reodbkdodty mbpbkdodtdes
Ulgerstblg ‟the jbp
jbp‖‖ ketweel murrelt
murrelt mbpbkdodtdes blg stbteg j`bos
Ulgerstblg rdsc blg muoture
Estbkodsh b vdsd`l, fdssd`l, blg strbtejdm pobl
Estbkodsh moebr blg febsurbkoe j`bos
]trbtejdm pobl blg j`bos leegs t` bodjl wdth blg supp`rt `verboo kusdless
j`bos
]trbtejdm pobl blg j`bos fust ke ulgerst``g blg supp`rteg ky `perbtd`ls,
fbdltelblme, blg `ther dlv`oveg stbceh`ogers

2.2.; W``os 
W``os 

2.2.;.2 [ep`rtdlj ]ystefs 

]ystefs 

Ybje 7 `n 274

274  
 

2.2.;.; ]trbtejdm Yoblldlj W``os 

W``os 
Kboblmeg ]m`rembrg
Cey Yern`rfblme Dlgdmbt`rs (CYD)
]Z@W blboysds (]treljths, Zebclesses, @pp`rtuldtdes, blg Whrebts)
[dsc blboysds
@EE (@verboo Equdpfelt Ennemtdveless)

2.2.;.= M`st M`lmepts

[@D (returl `l Dlvestfelt)
LY^ (Let Yreselt ^boue)

2.2.;.7 Kelmhfbrcdlj 
Kelmhfbrcdlj 

2.2.= Yr`messes 
Yr`messes 
Mrebte vdsd`l, fdssd`l, blg strbtejdm pobl t` supp`rt `rjbldzbtd`lbo kusdless
j`bos
Geveo`p b kusdless mbse n`r mhblje
Geveo`p mbsmbgdlj j`bos
Kelmhfbrcdlj
[eodbkdodty blg Fbdltelblme bssessfelts
Oebgdlj blg objjdlj CYDs
Jbp bssessfelt
Geveo`p r`oes blg resp`lsdkdodtdes

2.2.=.2 Gendldtd`ls
Fdssd`l
 ^dsd`l
]trbtejdm pobl

2.; Bgfdldster ]trbtejdm Yobl

W` `ktbdl the supp`rt blg res`urmes requdreg t` dfpoefelt the strbtejdm pobl, b
s`odg kusdless mbse sh`uog ke geveo`peg thbt spemdndes the kelendts dl ndlblmdbo
terfs blg `perbtd`lbo rdsc fdtdjbtd`l. Whe kusdless mbse sh`uog dlmouge bl
ulgerstblgdlj `n the mhbljes thbt wdoo ke requdreg
requd reg t` the `rjbldzbtd`l strumture,
pers`lleo, r`oes blg resp`lsdkdodtdes, t``os blg trbdldlj, blg prd`rdtdes.

Ybje 5 `n 274

274  
 

]upp`rt n`r the res`urme requdrefelts wdoo ke elhblmeg whel fblbjefelt

ulgerstblgs the vboue pr`vdgeg ky the pobl. Fbdltelblme blg reodbkdodty oebgers
sh`uog m`ffuldmbte thds vdsd`l t` th`se wdth b stbce dl the pr`mess t` jbrler
m`ffdtfelt t` dfpoefeltbtd`l blg exemutd`l `n the pobl. Whds requdres
mhbfpd`ls p`sdtd`leg t` oebg the enn`rt blg elodst supp`rt `n must`fers,
stbceh`ogers blg stbnn.

2.;.2 M`lmepts

2.;.2.2 Ulgerstblg the ^dsd`l, Fdssd`l, blg ]trbtejdm Yobl

2.;.2.2.2 ^dsd`l
 B vdsd`l stbtefelt gesmrdkes b nuture stbte `n b velture dl k`th sh`rt blg
o`lj terfs. Dltervbos `n tw` t` ndve t` tel yebrs bre m`ff`l. ^dsd`l
stbtefelts n`mus `l t`f`rr`w blg whbt the velture w`uog odce t` kem`fe.
Whe obljubje `ntel ds dl preselt telse bs dn the vdsd`l hbg keel bmhdeveg.
2.;.2.2.; Fdssd`l
2.;.2.2.;  Fdssd`l  
Whds ds the pobl n`r h`w y`u wdoo bmhdeve y`ur vdsd`l. T`ur fdssd`l ds b mboo
t` bmtd`l. ]`fe renerelme t` b kusdless f`geo w`uog ke bppr`prdbte. T`u
leeg l`t dlmouge every getbdo, whdmh w`uog `loy hblgmunn y`u obter.
L`letheoess, dt ds thr`ujh y`ur fdssd`l stbtefelt thbt pe`poe wdoo ke bkoe
t` ulgerstblg h`w they bre j`dlj t` shbre y`ur
y `ur vdsd`l wdth y`u.

2.;.2.2.= ]trbtejdm Yobl 
2.;.2.2.=  Yobl 
Whds ds b g`mufelt useg t` m`ffuldmbte wdth the `rjbldzbtd`l. T`u—oo leeg
t` dln`rf the tebf wdth the `rjbldzbtd`l—s j`bos, the bmtd`ls leegeg t`

bmhdeve
poblldljth`se j`bos blg boo the `ther mrdtdmbo eoefelts geveo`peg gurdlj the
exermdse.

]trbtejdm poblldlj ds bl `rjbldzbtd`lbo fblbjefelt bmtdvdty thbt ds useg t`

set prd`rdtdes, n`mus elerjy blg res`urmes, streljthel `perbtd`ls, elsure
thbt efpo`yees blg `ther stbceh`ogers bre w`rcdlj t`wbrg m`ff`l j`bos,
estbkodsh bjreefelt br`ulg dltelgeg `utm`fes/resuots, blg bssess blg
bgaust the `rjbldzbtd`l's gdremtd`l dl resp`lse t` b mhbljdlj elvdr`lfelt.
Dt ds b gdsmdpodleg enn`rt thbt pr`gumes nulgbfeltbo gemdsd`ls blg bmtd`ls
thbt shbpe blg judge whbt bl `rjbldzbtd`l ds, wh` dt serves, whbt dt g`es,
blg why dt g`es dt, wdth b n`mus `l the nuture. Ennemtdve strbtejdm poblldlj

Ybje > `n 274

274  
 

brtdmuobtes l`t `loy where bl `rjbldzbtd`l ds j`dlj blg the bmtd`ls leegeg
t` fbce pr`jress, kut bos` h`w dt wdoo cl`w dn dt ds summessnuo.

2.;.2.;.  Ulgerstblg the Kusdless Mbse blg Kelendts t` ]tbceh`ogers

Ze gendle b kusdless mbse bs b weoo-rebs`leg
weoo -rebs`leg brjufelt gesdjleg t` m`lvdlme
bl bugdelme `n the kelendts `n bl dlvestfelt, whdoe egumbtdlj thef bk`ut the
mhbljes, m`sts, blg rdscs thbt wdoo ke pbrt `n the enn`rt. Whe j`bo `n y`ur
kusdless mbse ds t` dln`rf cey stbceh`ogers bk`ut the dldtdbtdve blg m`lvdlme
thef t` supp`rt dt dl s`fe spemdndm wbys.

 B m`fpoete kusdless mbse ds b pbmcbje `n dln`rfbtd`l, blboysds, blg

rem`ffelgbtd`ls. Dt dlmouges b pobdl obljubje stbtefelt `n the pr`koef t`
ke s`oveg, wdth cey gbtb t` dooustrbte dts sdjldndmblme,
sdjld ndmblme, bs weoo bs dts severdty blg
m`fpoexdty. Dt bos` dgeltdndes must`fers blg `ther stbceh`ogers blg h`w they
bre bnnemteg ky the pr`koef. Whe mbse moebroy stbtes bssufptd`ls, estdfbtes,
blg `ther webclesses dl y`ur ulgeroydlj gbtb. Dt preselts the `ptd`ls
bvbdobkoe t` the gemdsd`l fbcer, m`fpbrdlj nebtures, m`sts blg kelendts, blg
stbceh`oger dfpbmts n`r ebmh `ptd`l. Whe mbse
mbs e m`lmouges wdth b rem`ffelgeg
m`urse `n bmtd`l blg b austdndmbtd`l thbt preselts dts streljths blg webclesses.

Whe kusdless mbse pbmcbje dlmouges b vbrdety `n preseltbtd`ls, k`th `rbo blg
wrdttel, wdth supp`rtdlj fegdb sumh bs hblg`uts, sodges, `r gef`lstrbtd`ls.
 T`ur kusdless mbse gdstdoos weecs `r f`lths `n w`rc. T`u leeg t` ke brfeg
wdth boo the gbtb, kut y`u wdoo bos` leeg t` preselt y`ur ndlgdljs blg
rem`ffelgbtd`ls dl b m`jelt, m`lvdlmdlj blg dlterestdlj wby. Whe kest
blboysds mbl ke eltdreoy fdsulgerst``g dn the preseltbtd`l ds gds`rjbldzeg,
`veroy temhldmbo, `r t`` fdreg dl getbdo. Gemdge whbt the cey p`dlts bre blg
kudog y`ur preseltbtd`l br`ulg thef. T`u mbl bowbys bgg getbdo dl resp`lse

t` questd`ls.
2.;.2.=  Dgeltdny Mhbfpd`l(s) t` Oebg Dfpoefeltbtd`l `n the
]trbtejdm Yobl
 B sdjldndmblt nbmt`r dl the summess `n pr`aemts ds the Mhbfpd`l.

 B mhbfpd`l ds bl dlgdvdgubo wh` dgeltdndes wdth b lew geveo`pfelt (whether

`r l`t he fbge dt) blg uses boo the webp`ls bt hds m`ffblg bjbdlst the
nulgeg resdstblme `n the `rjbldzbtd`l. He nulmtd`ls bs bl eltrepreleur wdthdl
the `rjbldzbtd`l. ]dlme he g`es l`t hbve `nndmdbo buth`rdty t` tbce ullemessbry
ull emessbry
rdscs, he puts hds a`k dl the `rjbldzbtd`l (blg `ntel hds stblgdlj) `l the odle.

Ybje : `n 274

274  
 

He hbs jrebt elerjy bs weoo bs the mbpbmdty t` dlvdte blg wdthstblg

gdsbppr`vbo.
Whe strbtejdm pobl leegs `wlershdp bt the exemutdve oeveo bs weoo bs bt the
stbnn oeveo. Dgeltdny mhbfpd`ls `n the strbtejdm pobl bt boo oeveos `n the
`rjbldzbtd`l blg hbve thef heop gendle whbt—s dl dt n`r the pe`poe they
dlnouelme. Dt ds dfp`rtblt t` dlmouge boo vertdmbos `n y`ur `rjbldzbtd`l dl thds
pr`mess. Fbrcetdlj, strbtejy, poblldlj, blg kusdless-geveo`pfelt tebfs
sh`uog boo hbve kuy-dl. Where bre `pp`rtuldtdes bmr`ss the `rjbldzbtd`l n`r
strbtejdm jr`wth. Fbce sure ebmh tebf ds bodjleg dl the j`bos blg g`dlj dts
pbrt t` exemute the pobl.

]trbtejdm Yobl blg J`bos fust ke Ulgerst``g

U lgerst``g blg
]upp`rteg ky @perbtd`ls, Fbdltelblme blg @ther Dlv`oveg
Gdsmdpodle
 Bs feltd`leg ken`re, everyk`gy fust ulgerstblg whbt the the pobl ds, the
j`bos, the dlstrufelts, blg h`w the n`oo`w up pr`mess ds t` ke g`le.

2.;.; W``os

2.;.;.2 [ep`rtdlj W``os

[ep`rtdlj t``os bre s`ntwbre bppodmbtd`ls thbt fbce gbtb extrbmteg dl b
query bmmessdkoe t` the user. N`r exbfpoe, b ‟gbshk`brg‖ ds b m`ff`l
rep`rtdlj t``o thbt fbces b vbrdety `n dln`rfbtd`l bvbdobkoe `l b sdljoe
smreel, dl the n`rf `n mhbrts, jrbphs, `rgereg odsts, etm.

W` g` y`ur a`k weoo, y`u leeg the rdjht dln`rfbtd`l bt the rdjht tdfe.
Uln`rtulbteoy, thbt dln`rfbtd`l odves dl bl ever-dlmrebsdlj brrby `n
gdsm`llemteg sprebgsheets, systefs, gbtbkbses, blg bppodmbtd`ls.

Whe t``o set fust dlmouge geveo`pfelt t``os, m`lndjurbtd`l blg

bgfdldstrbtd`l t``os, blg rep`rt vdewdlj t``os.

MFF] / EBF]
M`fputerdzeg Fbdltelblme Fblbjefelt ]ystef (MFF]) s`ntwbre fbces dt
ebsder n`r fbdltelblme fblbjers t` trbmc, fblbje blg rep`rt thedr bsset `r
equdpfelt fbdltelblme leegs. W` ketter ulgerstblg whbt b MFF] ds, we
wdoo krebc the terf g`wl dlt` dlgdvdgubo m`fp`lelts1

M`fputerdzeg1  M`fputerdzeg
 M`fputerdzeg reners t` the nbmt thbt wdth b MFF], y`ur
fbdltelblme gbtb ds st`reg `l b m`fputer.

Ybje 8 `n 274

274  
 

Fbdltelblme1  Fbdltelblme
 Fbdltelblme ds whbt users `n MFF] s`ntwbre g` every gby,
whether dt—s resp`lgdlj t` bl `l-gefblg
`l-gefblg w`rc `rger n`r b kr`cel wdlg`w
`r pern`rfdlj r`utdle dlspemtd`l `l b jelerbt`r. M`fputer s`ntwbre
mbll`t bmm`fpodsh the w`rc `n b scdooeg temhldmdbl. Zhbt dt mbl g`,
h`wever, ds elsure tbscs bre prd`rdtdzeg m`rremtoy blg thbt everythdlj ds dl
pobme (dlvelt`ry, obk`r) t` elsure summess. MFF] s`outd`ls jdve temhldmdbls
the nreeg`f t` n`mus oess `l pbperw`rc blg f`re `l hblgs-`l
fbdltelblme.

Fblbjefelt1   Fblbjdlj
Fblbjdlj fbdltelblme ds the f`st esseltdbo r`oe `n b MFF]
s`outd`l. Fbdltelblme fblbjefelt s`ntwbre ds gesdjleg t` jdve users
dffegdbte dlsdjht dlt` the stbte `n hds `r her fbdltelblme leegs wdth
m`fprehelsdve w`rc `rger smheguoes, bmmurbte dlvelt`ry n`rembsts, blg
dlstblt bmmess t` hulgregs `n dlvboubkoe rep`rts. MFF] s`outd`ls fbce
fbdltelblme fblbjefelt ebsder ky efp`werdlj fblbjers wdth
dln`rfbtd`l s` thbt they mbl fbce the f`st dln`rfeg gemdsd`ls p`ssdkoe.
]ystefs1  Gdnnerelt
 Gdnnerelt MFF] s`outd`ls `nner gdverse types `n systefs. Whe
kest MFF] systefs boo`w users t` bmm`fpodsh exdstdlj fbdltelblme
prbmtdmes f`re ennemtdveoy whdoe dltr`gumdlj tdfe-sbvdlj nebtures thbt oebg
t` m`st regumtd`ls blg nurther tdfe sbvdljs.

Elterprdse Bsset Fblbjefelt ]ystef (EBF]) ds the `ptdfbo odnemymoe

fblbjefelt `n the physdmbo bssets `n bl `rjbldzbtd`l. ]ukaemts m`vereg
dlmouge the gesdjl, m`lstrumtd`l, m`ffdssd`ldlj, `perbtd`ls, fbdltelblme
blg gem`ffdssd`ldlj `r repobmefelt `n   poblt, equdpfelt
poblt, equdpfelt blg nbmdodtdes. W`
ketter ulgerstblg whbt bl EBF] ds, we wdoo krebc the terf g`wl dlt`
dlgdvdgubo m`fp`lelts.
Elterprdse1  Elterprdse
 Elterprdse reners t` the sm`pe `n the bssets dl the `rjbldzbtd`l
gepbrtfelts, o`mbtd`ls, nbmdodtdes3 blg p`teltdbooy supp`rtdlj kusdless
nulmtd`ls, dlmougdlj Ndlblme & JO, Hufbl [es`urmes blg Ybyr`oo. ^brd`us
bssets bre fblbjeg ky f`gerl elterprdses bt preselt.
pr eselt. Bl ‟Elterprdse‖
`ntel reners t` f`re thbl `le poblt, `ntel b jr`up `n poblts, blg `ntel the
terf m`vers fuotdpoe `perbtd`ls wdthdl b sdljoe poblt.

 Bssets1  Whe
 Whe bssets fby ke ndxeg bssets odce kudogdljs, poblts, fbmhdlerdes `r
f`vdlj bssets odce vehdmoes, shdps, f`vdlj equdpfelt etm.

Ybje 4 `n 274

274  
 

Whe odnemymoe fblbjefelt `n the hdjh-vboue physdmbo bssets requdres

rejressdve poblldlj blg exemutd`l `n the w`rc.

Fblbjefelt1  Fbdltelblme
 Fbdltelblme Fblbjefelt s`outd`ls heops m`fpbldes odce
y`urs g` the n`oo`wdlj1
Gepo`y fbdltelblme res`urmes ennemtdveoy.
Fblbje fbdltelblme-reobteg, w`rc-`rger pr`messes enndmdeltoy.
]mheguoe fbdltelblme kbseg `l bsset m`lgdtd`l rbther thbl `l brkdtrbry
gbtes.

F`geo smelbrd`s t` geterfdle `ptdfuf preveltdve fbdltelblme.

Mrebte must`fdzeg rep`rts t` feet kusdless-spemdndm bsset fblbjefelt
leegs.

Elterprdse Bsset Fblbjefelt blg Fbdltelblme ]`outd`ls elbkoes m`fpbldes

t` dfpr`ve pern`rfblme vdsdkdodty ky blboyzdlj gbtb n`r cey trelgs blg
bl`fbodes, n`rembstdlj reodbkdodty dssues, blg fbcdlj n`rwbrg-o``cdlj
gemdsd`ls thbt geodver dfpr`veg k`tt`f-odle resuots.

Cey nulmtd`ls `n EBF s`ntwbre dlmouge the n`oo`wdlj.

Z`rc @rgers1   ]mheguodlj
]mheguodlj a`ks, bssdjldlj pers`lleo, reservdlj fbterdbos,
blg rem`rgdlj m`sts.

Yreveltdve Fbdltelblme1  Ceepdlj
 Ceepdlj trbmc `n preveltdve fbdltelblme
dlspemtd`ls blg a`ks, dlmougdlj step-ky-step dlstrumtd`ls `r mhemcodsts, odsts
`n fbterdbos requdreg, blg `ther pertdlelt getbdos.

 Bsset Fblbjefelt1 [em`rgdlj gbtb bk`ut equdpfelt blg pr`perty

dlmougdlj spemdndmbtd`ls, wbrrblty dln`rfbtd`l, servdme m`ltrbmts, spbre
pbrts, purmhbse gbte, blg expemteg odnetdfe.

Dlvelt`ry M`ltr`o1   Fblbjefelt
Fblbjefelt `n spbre pbrts, t``os, blg `ther fbterdbos
dlmougdlj the reservbtd`l `n fbterdbos.

Ybje 29
29 `n
 `n 274
274  
 

 Bgvblmeg [ep`rtdlj blg Blboytdms1 Mrebtdlj must`fdzeg rep`rts blg

blboyses thbt mbl ke useg t` n`rembst odceoy pr`koefs dl tdfe t` prevelt
thef. Ndlblmdbo Fblbjefelt blg [ep`rtdlj W``os dlmouge Yurmhbse
[equdsdtd`ls (Y[), Yurmhbse @rgers (Y@), blg Bppr`vbos n`r Expelgdtures
(BNE)
]m`rembrgs
 B pern`rfblme sm`rembrg ds b jrbphdmbo represeltbtd`l `n the pr`jress
pr`jress `ver
tdfe `n s`fe eltdty, sumh bs bl elterprdse, bl efpo`yee `r b kusdless uldt,
t`wbrg s`fe spemdndeg j`bo `r j`bos. Yern`rfblme sm`rembrgs bre wdgeoy
useg dl fbly dlgustrdes thr`ujh`ut k`th the pukodm blg prdvbte semt`rs.

]m`rembrgs mbl ke brrbljeg dlt` fbly vdsubo m`lndjurbtd`ls, kut f`st wdoo bt
oebst pobme j`bos bo`ljsdge b rulldlj tbooy `n murrelt t`tbos, t` pr`vdge bl bt-
b-joblme febsure `n pr`jress.

Wh`ujh the terf ‟sm`rembrg‖ ds `ntel useg syl`lyf`usoy wdth ‟gbshk`brg,‖

there ds bt oebst `le sdjldndmblt gdnnerelme1 ]m`rembrgs fust exhdkdt pr`jress
bjbdlst b j`bo, whdoe gbshk`brgs mbl sdfpoy gdspoby dlgdvdgubo pdemes `n gbtb
wdth`ut bly m`ltext.

2.;.;.;  M`ffuldmbtd`l Yobl Yobl 

Whe m`ffuldmbtd`l pobl serves bs b judge t` the m`ffuldmbtd`l blg
sp`ls`rshdp enn`rts thr`ujh`ut the gurbtd`l `n the pr`aemt. Dt ds b odvdlj blg
w`rcdlj g`mufelt blg ds upgbteg perd`gdmbooy bs bugdelme leegs mhblje. Dt
expobdls h`w t` m`lvey the rdjht fessbje nr`f the rdjht m`ffuldmbt`r t`
the rdjht bugdelme3 blg thr`ujh the rdjht mhblleo bt the rdjht tdfe. Dt
bggresses the sdx kbsdm eoefelts `n m`ffuldmbtd`ls1 m`ffuldmbt`r,
fessbje, m`ffuldmbtd`l mhblleo, neegkbmc femhbldsf, remedver/bugdelme,
blg tdfe nrbfe.

M`ffuldmbtd`l pobls sh`uog elm`fpbss `le tdfe blg repetdtd`us evelts t`

dln`rf blg upgbte cey bugdelmes blg stbceh`ogers `l vdsd`l, mbse n`r
mhblje, j`bos, pr`jrbfs, fetrdms, blg cey pers`lleo3 bo`lj wdth dln`rfbtd`l
`l where t` jet f`re dln`rfbtd`l bs weoo bs cey m`ltbmts n`r blswerdlj
questd`ls blg pr`vdgdlj `lj`dlj neegkbmc.

 B m`ffuldmbtd`l pobl dlmouges the n`oo`wdlj1

Ybje 22
22 `n
 `n 274
274  
 

Zh` ” Whe
Zh` ”  Whe tbrjet bugdelmes.
Zhbt ”
Zhbt ” Whe
 Whe cey fessbjes t` ke brtdmuobteg.
Zhel ”
Zhel  ” Whe
 Whe tdfdlj. Dt spemdndes the bppr`prdbte tdfe-`n-geodvery n`r ebmh
fessbje, dlmougdlj repebtdlj evelts `r upgbtes.
Zhy ” Whe
Zhy ”  Whe gesdreg `utm`fes.
H`w ”
H`w  ”Whe
Whe m`ffuldmbtd`l vehdmoe. Dt ds h`w the fessbje wdoo ke geodvereg.
Ky Zh`f ”
Zh`f ” Whe
 Whe selger. Whds ds the pers`l wh` wdoo geodver the dln`rfbtd`l
blg h`w he `r she ds mh`sel.

2.;.;.=  Yr`aemt Yoblldlj Feth`g`o`jy 

Feth`g`o`jy 
Yr`aemt fblbjefelt ds the gdsmdpodle `n dldtdbtdlj, poblldlj, exemutdlj,
m`ltr`oodlj, blg mo`sdlj the w`rc
the w`rc `n b b tebf
 tebf t` bmhdeve spemdndm j`bos blg
feet spemdndm summess mrdterdb. B   pr`aemt
pr`aemt ds b tefp`rbry elgebv`r gesdjleg t`
pr`gume b uldque pr`gumt, servdme `r resuot wdth b gendleg kejdlldlj blg elg
(usubooy tdfe-m`lstrbdleg blg `ntel m`lstrbdleg ky nulgdlj `r geodverbkoe)
`r geodverbkoe)  
ulgertbcel t` feet uldque j`bos blg `kaemtdves, typdmbooy t` krdlj bk`ut
kelendmdbo mhblje `r bggeg vboue.
Whe tefp`rbry lbture `n pr`aemts stblgs dl m`ltrbst wdth
wdth kusdless
 kusdless bs usubo
(`r `perbtd`ls), whdmh bre repetdtdve, perfblelt, `r sefd-perfblelt
nulmtd`lbo bmtdvdtdes t` pr`gume pr`gumts `r servdmes. Dl prbmtdme,
the fblbjefelt
the  fblbjefelt `n sumh gdstdlmt pr`gumtd`l bppr`bmhes requdres the
geveo`pfelt `n gdstdlmt temhldmbo scdoos blg fblbjefelt strbtejdes.

Whe prdfbry mhbooelje `n pr`aemt fblbjefelt ds t` bmhdeve boo the pr`aemt

j`bos wdthdl the jdvel m`lstrbdlts. Whds dln`rfbtd`l ds usubooy gesmrdkeg dl
pr`aemt g`mufeltbtd`l, mrebteg bt the kejdlldlj `n the geveo`pfelt
pr`mess. Whe prdfbry m`lstrbdlts bre sm`pe,
bre  sm`pe, tdfe,
 tdfe, qubodty
 qubodty blg kugjet. Whe
sem`lgbry mhbooelje ds t` `ptdfdze
t`  `ptdfdze the
the boo`mbtd`l
 boo`mbtd`l `n lemessbry dlputs blg
bppoy thef t` feet pre-gendleg `kaemtdves.

2.;.;.7  Fdoest`le
Fdoest`le  
Fdoest`les bre t``os useg dl pr`aemt
dl pr`aemt fblbjefelt t` fbrc spemdndm p`dlts
bo`lj b pr`aemt tdfeodle.
pr`aemt tdfeodle. Whese
 Whese p`dlts fby sdjlbo, bf`lj `ther blmh`rs,
sumh blmh`rs bs the n`oo`wdlj1 b pr`aemt stbrt blg elg gbte, b leeg n`r
exterlbo revdew, `r dlput blg kugjet mhemcs. Dl fbly dlstblmes, fdoest`les
g` l`t dfpbmt pr`aemt gurbtd`l.
pr`aemt gurbtd`l. Dlstebg,
 Dlstebg, they n`mus `l fba`r pr`jress p`dlts
thbt fust ke rebmheg t` bmhdeve summess.

Ybje 2;
2; `n
 `n 274
274  
 

 B j``g pr`aemt fblbjefelt pobl wdoo dlmouge tdfeodles thbt boo`w the
`rjbldzbtd`l t` moebroy see the tdfe dlvestfelt lemessbry t` dfpoefelt the
pobl blg pr`aemt.

2.;.= Yr`messes

2.;.=.2 Yreselt Kusdless Mbse t` ]tbceh`ogers

 Bggressdlj the dlgdvdgubo m`lmerls `n stbceh`ogers dl the r``f wdoo j` b o`lj
wby t`wbrg wdlldlj y`u boodes blg jbdldlj kuy-dl ky cey stbceh`ogers blg
n`rfbo blg dln`rfbo mhblje bjelts wdthdl the `rjbldzbtd`l. N`r exbfpoe, dn
the ndlblme pers`l nrets bk`ut ceepdlj expelses ulger m`ltr`o, gdsmuss
expelse lufkers3 dn s`fe`le ds dlteresteg dl jr`wth dl Bsdb, sh`w h`w y`ur
pr`aemt heops the m`fpbly jr`w dl the rejd`l.

[esebrmh pbst preseltbtd`ls blg `utm`fes t` fbce sure kbses bre m`vereg.
Dn `ther pr`aemts hbg questd`ls `r dssues, fbce sure y`u hbve blswers blg
bggress th`se dssues.
M`lsdger boo`wdlj gemdsd`l fbcers t` prevdew y`ur preseltbtd`l. Bsc n`r thedr
dlput dl bgvblme blg dlmouge thedr rem`ffelgbtd`ls dl the ndlbo
preseltbtd`l. Whbt dlmrebses thedr dlvestfelt dl y`ur summess. Oettdlj cey
stbceh`ogers see h`w y`u odsteleg t` thedr dlput blg dlmougeg thedr dgebs
dlmrebses thedr kuy-dl dlt` y`ur pr`p`sbo.

2.;.=.; M`ffuldmbte the Yobl t` Jbrler ‟Kuy-Dl‖  

N`r b pobl t` ke ennemtdve, dt fust ela`y nuoo supp`rt nr`f bl `rjbldzbtd`l—s
exemutdve oebgershdp. Bl dln`rfbtd`l semurdty `nndmer fust poby the r`oe `n b
sboesfbl, l`t `loy t` m`rp`rbte oebgershdp kut bos` t` rblc-blg-ndoe stbnn.
W`p-t`-k`tt`f `rjbldzbtd`lbo kuy-dl ds esseltdbo blg wdoo gdmtbte the
ennemtdveless `n the pobl blg dts bss`mdbteg p`odmdes blg pr`megures.

Whe leeg n`r exemutdve oeveo sp`ls`rshdp ds tw`n`og. Ndrst, t` bssure stbnn
kuy-dl, m`rp`rbte oebgershdp leegs t` vdsdkoy blg m`lsdsteltoy vbodgbte the
p`odmy blg pr`megures. Dn the exemutdve oeveo g`esl—t nuooy supp`rt the
pr`jrbf, there wdoo ke odttoe rebs`l n`r the rest `n the `rjbldzbtd`l t` g` s`.
]em`lg, dt ds lemessbry t` elsure thbt nulgdlj wdoo ke dl pobme t` supp`rt the
pr`jrbf. B sdjldndmblt dldtdbo dlvestfelt `n hufbl res`urmes, hbrgwbre, blg
s`ntwbre ds lemessbry n`r the m`rremt geveo`pfelt `n the pr`jrbf.

Ybje 2=
2= `n
 `n 274
274  
 

Dt ds vdtbo t` m`ffuldmbte wdth t`p exemutdves blg remedve thedr btteltd`l blg
supp`rt. Mhbljes blg f`vefelts bre bowbys dlv`oveg dl these pr`aemts blg
the supp`rt blg j``gwdoo `n boo `n the `rjbldzbtd`l
`rjbld zbtd`l dlmougdlj t`p fblbjefelt
ds lemessbry.

2.;.=.= Geterfdle Lemessbry @rjbldzbtd`lbo ]trumture blg ]tbnndlj

Whe `rjbldzbtd`l fby ke strumtureg dl gdverse wbys, bmm`rgdlj t` dts fbdl
`kaemtdves. M`fpbly strumture geterfdles h`w the kusdless wdoo `perbte blg
pern`rf. @rjbldzbtd`lbo strumture mbl boo`w n`r the boo`mbtd`l `n
resp`lsdkdodtdes n`r the m`fpbly—s
m`fpbly —s nulmtd`ls dl fblbjefelt blg pr`gumtd`l.
@perbtd`lbo stblgbrgs blg r`utdles fby ke geveo`peg kbseg up`l the
n`ulgbtd`l `n the `rjbldzbtd`lbo strumture. Gesdjldlj bl `rjbldzbtd`lbo
strumture heops t` geterfdle whdmh stbnn pbrtdmdpbte dl gemdsd`l fbcdlj,
whdmh mbl ke heopnuo dl shbpdlj the bmtd`ls `n the m`fpbly `r kusdless.

 Bl `rjbldzbtd`lbo strumture gendles h`w bmtdvdtdes sumh bs tbsc

bs tbsc boo`mbtd`l,
boo`mbtd`l,  
m``rgdlbtd`l blg supervdsd`l bre gdremteg t`wbrg the bmhdevefelt `n
`rjbldzbtd`lbo bdfs. @rjbldzbtd`ls leeg t` ke enndmdelt, noexdkoe, dll`vbtdve
blg mbrdlj t` bmhdeve b sustbdlbkoe m`fpetdtdve bgvbltbje. @rjbldzbtd`lbo
strumture mbl bos` nulmtd`l bs b vdewdlj jobss `r perspemtdve thr`ujh whdmh
dlgdvdgubos permedve thedr `rjbldzbtd`l blg dts elvdr`lfelt.

2.;.=.7 Geterfdle [`oes, [esp`lsdkdodtdes blg Expemtbtd`ls

Expemtbtd`ls  
Whe summess `n b tebf mbl ke dfpegeg ky b obmc o bmc `n mobrdty rejbrgdlj the
r`oes, resp`lsdkdodtdes, blg expemtbtd`ls `n the vbrd`us bjelmdes blg
dlgdvdgubos wh` m`fp`se dts fefkershdp. W` nuooy ulgerstblg the gdstdlmtd`l
ketweel b r`oe blg b resp`lsdkdodty, poebse ceep dl fdlg the n`oo`wdlj
gendldtd`ls1

[`oes bre the p`sdtd`ls tebf fefkers bssufe `r the pbrts thbt they poby
po by
dl bl `perbtd`l `r pr`mess. (N`r exbfpoe, b r`oe bl dlgdvdgubo fdjht
bssufe ds thbt `n nbmdodtbt`r, `r m`ffuldmbtd`ls odbds`l.) N`rfbo r`oes
esseltdbooy gesmrdke ‟wh`‖ ds resp`lsdkoe n`r ‟whbt.‖  
[esp`lsdkdodtdes bre the spemdndm tbscs `r gutdes thbt fefkers bre
expemteg t` m`fpoete bs b nulmtd`l `n thedr r`oes. Whey bre the spemdndm
bmtdvdtdes `r `kodjbtd`ls n`r whdmh they bre heog bmm`ultbkoe whel they
bssufe ‗ ‗`r
`r bre bssdjleg t` ‗
 ‗bb r`oe `l b pr`aemt `r tebf. (N`r exbfpoe,
the r`oe `n b tebf nbmdodtbt`r fdjht dlmouge resp`lsdkdodtdes bs n`oo`ws1 thbt
feetdlj bjelgbs renoemt neegkbmc blg dlput nr`f boo fefkers3 thbt the

Ybje 27
27 `n
 `n 274
274  
 

feetdljs stbrt blg elg `l tdfe3 blg thbt boo fefkers hbve `pp`rtuldtdes
t` m`ltrdkute t` gdsmussd`ls.)
Expemtbtd`ls bre pern`rfblme dlgdmbt`rs thbt evboubte h`w weoo the

resp`lsdkdodtdes
pe`poe bre heogbre kedlj pern`rfeg.
bmm`ultbkoe Whey pr`vdge bdlstblgbrg
n`r thedr resp`lsdkdodtdes ky whdmh
the `rjbldzbtd`l.

2.;.=.5 Geterfdle Lemessbry W``os blg Wrbdldlj

H`w sh`uog bl `rjbldzbtd`l kest geterfdle dts trbdldlj leegs0 Here bre
edjht dgebs t` m`lsdger1

Gendle y`ur leeg breb `r brebs. 

brebs.  @lme y`u hbve dgeltdndeg bl breb dl
whdmh y`ur `rjbldzbtd`l leegs t` trbdleg `r geveo`peg, gendle the leeg
breb wdth spemdndms. Mbl y`u vbodgbte thbt the leeg exdsts0 Zhbt m`uog
exmeooelme dl thds breb g` n`r y`ur `rjbldzbtd`l0 H`w wdoo exmeooelme
dfpbmt y`ur `rjbldzbtd`l—s `verboo cey pern`rfblme dlgdmbt`rs0
pern`rfblme  dlgdmbt`rs0

 Blboyze blg bssess y`ur murrelt stbte . Dl bggdtd`l t` trbgdtd`lbo blboysds,

use bl bssessfelt. T`u mbl ndlg bl bssessfelt t` febsure aust bk`ut
blythdlj, nr`f temhldmbo scdoos t` s`nt scdoos,
scd oos, nr`f oebgershdp m`fpetelmdes
t` bttdtuges, nr`f kehbvd`rbo telgelmdes t` tebfdlj scdoos, blg everythdlj
dl ketweel. O``c n`r dlstrufelts thbt bre resebrmh-kbmceg blg reodbkoy
febsure the spemdndm breb `r brebs y`u dgeltdny. B j``g bssessfelt
sh`uog pr`vdge m`fpbrbtdve l`rfs thbt y`u m`uog kelmhfbrc y`ur
`rjbldzbtd`l bjbdlst blg thel febsure bl dlgdvdgubo—s pr`jress n`oo`wdlj 
n`oo`wdlj  
trbdldlj.
Geveo`p y`ur pobl. 
pobl.  Ennemtdve trbdldlj blg geveo`pfelt sh`uog mhblje
kehbvd`rs blg pern`rfblme s` lever elter dlt` dt wdth`ut b pobl. Estbkodsh
j`bos blg `kaemtdves thbt gesmrdke where y`u wblt t` ke blg whel.
Geterfdle the res`urmes y`u wdoo leeg. Whdlc bk`ut whbt mbl j` wr`lj
gurdlj the exemutd`l `n y`ur pobl blg geveo`p m`ltdljelmy pobls. N`mus
`l febsurbkoe `utm`fes thbt resuot nr`f efpo`yees summessnuooy
bppoydlj whbt they oebrl.
Eljbje experts. Nbme dt1 Dn y`u borebgy hbg dl-h`use expertdse thel y`u
w`uog l`t hbve jbps dl pern`rfblme, cl`woegje blg kehbvd`rs! T`u
leeg the expertdse `n `utsdge res`urmes thbt hbve b pr`vel trbmc rem`rg
`n heopdlj modelts summeeg. Whe j``g `les wdoo heop y`u gesdjl y`ur pobl
blg they fby bos` rem`ffelg bssessfelts blg bl g t``os t` kelmhfbrc blg
febsure pr`jress. Whe kest `les wdoo heop y`u kem`fe seon-sunndmdelt.

Ybje 25
25 `n
 `n 274
274  
 

(L`te t` seon1 Kewbre `n th`se `rjbldzbtd`ls thbt wblt t` perpetubooy trbdl

y`u.)

Wrbdl y`ur oebgers ndrst . Bowbys trbdl y`ur oebgers ndrst. Oebgers sh`uog
f`geo the lew scdoos blg kehbvd`rs thefseoves. Whey fust cl`w the
trbdldlj weoo el`ujh t` bmmurbteoy `kserve pern`rfblme, redln`rme
trbdldlj blg m`bmh efpo`yees dl bppoydlj blg fbsterdlj the trbdldlj.
Ennemtdve oebgers smheguoe `kservbtd`l tdfe t` n`oo`w up trbdldlj. Whey
hbve the lemessbry t``os t` pr`vdge n`rfbo blg dln`rfbo neegkbmc t`
efpo`yees. Uloess fblbjefelt `kservbtd`l blg neegkbmc ds dlteltd`lbo,
whbt ds oebrleg wdoo l`t ke retbdleg blg the `rjbldzbtd`l wdoo hbve
h bve wbsteg
the `pp`rtuldty blg res`urmes spelt `l b trbdldlj pr`jrbf.
Wrbdl y`ur stbnn blg dlstdtutd`lbodze the trbdldlj . Whe f`st ennemtdve
trbdldlj pr`jrbfs bre th`se whdmh n`oo`w thds sbje bgvdme1 Lever g` n`r
the oebrler whbt the oebrler sh`uog g` n`r hdfseon. Whe oebrler wdoo `loy
fbster b scdoo `r kehbvd`r thr`ujh repebteg bppodmbtd`l. [epetdtd`l ds the
hebrt `n oebrldlj, s` whbt ds oebrleg gurdlj the trbdldlj fust ke
redln`rmeg dl the gbys, weecs, blg f`lths n`oo`wdlj the trbdldlj.
Mbtmh thef g`dlj dt rdjht . Oebgers sh`uog pobl `l mbtmhdlj thedr pe`poe
m`rremtoy bppoydlj the trbdldlj blg pr`vdge dffegdbte neegkbmc t`
elm`urbje m`ltdlueg use blg geveo`pfelt. Bl exmeooelt prbmtdme
n`oo`wdlj trbdldlj ds t` gegdmbte b p`rtd`l `n stbnn feetdljs n`r efpo`yee
gdsmussd`l blg scdoos redln`rmefelt. [em`jldze stbnners wh` hbve g`le
weoo bppoydlj whbt wbs oebrleg. Ndlbooy, refefker thbt pe`poe g`l—t
bowbys g` whbt y`u expemt kut they g` whbt y`u dlspemt.

2.;.=.> Geterfdle the Getbdoeg Dfpoefeltbtd`l Yobl 

Yobl 

Dl thds p`rtd`l
gebgodles, blg `n the y`ur
mhbrt kusdless pobl,dl
pr`jress y`u—oo mobrdnyj`bos
rebmhdlj `kaemtdves, bssdjl tbscs wdth
blg fdoest`les.
Judgeodles n`r the dfpoefeltbtd`l pobl dlmouge the n`oo`wdlj1

@kaemtdves 1 Whese sh`uog ke mrystbo moebr blg spemdndmbooy speooeg `ut. T`u
wdoo use thef bs b kudogdlj ko`mc n`r the rest `n the dfpoefeltbtd`l pobl.
Wbscs 1 Whds pbrt getbdos whbt fust ke bmm`fpodsheg t` bmhdeve y`ur
`kaemtdves. Dlmouge b tbsc fblbjer n`r ebmh step, s` thbt r`oes bre moebroy
gendleg blg there ds bmm`ultbkdodty. Bs y`u eluferbte tbscs blg
bssdjlfelts, these gesmrdptd`ls sh`uog ke pobdloy blg jelerbooy
stbteg3 g`l—t jet dlt` b step step-ky-
-ky- step, fdmr`fblbjeg
step, fdmr`fblbjeg expoblbtd`l
`n h`w the tbscs wdoo ke mbrrdeg `ut.

Ybje 2>
2> `n
 `n 274
274  
 

Efphbsdze the expemteg resuots bss`mdbteg wdth these tbscs.

Wdfe boo`mbtd`l 1 Ebmh tbsc sh`uog ke pbdreg wdth bl bppr`prdbte
tdfenrbfe n`r m`fpoetd`l. T`u sh`uog ke bjjressdve
bjjress dve kut rebs`lbkoe wdth
y`ur tdfe boo`mbtd`l t` elsure l`t aust m`fpoetd`l kut m`fpetelt w`rc.
N`r bssdstblme dl nrbfdlj thds tdfesmboe, use b pr`jrbf sumh bs Fdmr`s`nt
Yr`aemt, `r aust mrebte y`ur `wl Jbltt mhbrt.
 B Jbltt mhbrt ds b heopnuo t``o thbt sh`ws h`w o`lj dt w
wdoo
doo tbce t` m`fpoete
gdnnerelt tbscs blg dl whbt `rger the tbscs sh`uog
s h`uog ke ndldsheg.
Yr`jress 1 T`u `r b fefker `n y`ur fblbjefelt
y`ur fblbjefelt tebf leegs t` `versee
f`ldt`rdlj ebmh tbsc—s pr`jress blg the m`fpoetd`l permeltbje `n ebmh
`kaemtdve. Zhel geobys `mmur, try t` jet t` the r``t `n the pr`koef. Gdg
the pers`l resp`lsdkoe gr`p the kboo0 Gdg he `r she hbve t`` fbly
resp`lsdkdodtdes t` hblgoe0 Gdg b thdrg pbrty, sumh bs b suppoder `r the
kblc, nbdo t` h`og up dts elg `n b gebo0 Bgaust y`ur Jbltt mhbrt
bppr`prdbteoy t` bmm`ult n`r the geoby, blg fbce b l`te `n the prevd`us
gebgodle blg the rebs`l dt wbs fdsseg.
Whe f`re enndmdeltoy y`u stbrt dfpoefeltdlj y`ur kusdless pobl, the f`re
odceoy dt ds thbt y`u wdoo survdve thds dldtdbo perd`g.

2.;.=.: Geterfdle Bvbdobkoe [es`urmes 

[es`urmes 
Hbvdlj sunndmdelt supp`rt n`r y`ur enn`rts t` kem`fe summess wdoo fbce y`ur
pobl blg bmtdvdtdes f`re ennemtdve blg enndmdelt. Hbvdlj sunndmdelt res`urmes t`
mbrry `ut the mhbljes y`u wblt t` fbce ds equbooy dfp`rtblt.

Ken`re y`u stbrt poblldlj, y`u leeg t` o``c bt whbt y`u borebgy g` wdth
rejbrg blg whbt res`urmes y`u hbve bvbdobkoe. Whel y`u mbl nurther expblg
blg dfpr`ve y`ur murrelt enn`rts.

[es`urmes dlmouge the n`oo`wdlj1

Hufbl res`urmes 1 Ye`poe wh` bre borebgy dl the stbnn `r wh` y`u—oo leeg
l eeg
t` ndlg.

Ndlblmdbo res`urmes 1 Whese dlmouge dlm`fes blg bssdjlbtd`ls bs weoo bs

`ther spemdbo s`urmes t` ke geterfdleg ky the spemdbodst t` ndlg whbt bre
we o``cdlj.

Fbterdbos, dlstrufelts blg `thers 1 Whds dlmouges whbtever wdoo ke requdreg

t` bmhdeve the j`bos.

Ybje 2:
2: `n
 `n 274
274  
 

2.= Febsure Yern`rfblme

Febsurdlj the rdjht thdljs, the rdjht wby ds the cey t` bly summessnuo
fbdltelblme blg reodbkdodty pr`mess. Zdth b moebr fdssd`l, vdsd`l blg strbtejdm
pobl, y`u bre rebgy t` fbtmh these dgebs wdth oebgdlj
oebgdl j blg objjdlj cey
pern`rfblme dlgdmbt`rs (CYDs). Whese febsures wdoo heop y`u cl`w whel y`u
hbve bmhdeveg y`ur j`bos. Ebmh CYD sh`uog ke the resuot `n fuotdpoe gdfelsd`ls
thbt mhemc n`r qubltdty bs weoo bs the qubodty. Whds bppr`bmh wdoo fbjldny bly
bl y
fbldpuobtd`l `n gbtb blg elbkoe bmhdevefelt `n ebmh j`bo. Yr`vdgdlj wrdttel
gendldtd`ls `n r`oes blg resp`lsdkdodtdes, jettdlj every`le dl the `rjbldzbtd`l
dlv`oveg dl the pr`mess blg pr`vdgdlj j``g blg kbg neegkbmc weecoy wdoo
elsure m`ltdlu`us dfpr`vefelt.

2.=.2 M`lmepts 
M`lmepts 

2.=.2.2 [evdew the Fdssd`l, ^dsd`l blg ]trbtejdm Yobl 

Yobl  
Fdssd`l m`uog ke gendleg bs the rebs`l why y`u g` s`fethdlj. ^dsd`l m`uog
ke gendleg bs where bre y`u trydlj t` j`, `r where y`u w`uog odce t` see
pr`mess geveo`p `ver b perd`g `n tdfe. ^boues ceep boo the eoefelts t`jether
dl the `rjbldzbtd`l3 they m`uog ke gendleg bs h`w y`u j` bk`ut dt. Every
pers`l dl the pr`mess sh`uog ulgerstblg the bk`ve three eoefelts blg
dlmouge thef dl thedr bmtdvdtdes, dl `rger t` kudog b str`lj n`ulgbtd`l n`r the
estbkodshfelt `n the j`bos blg `kaemtdves thbt gendle the strbtejdm gdremtd`l.

Fdssd`l ds b stbtefelt bk`ut y`ur m`re purp`se, why the `rjbldzbtd`l exdsts.
Dt sh`uog ke stbteg dl the preselt telse.

 ^dsd`l ds the stbtefelt bk`ut the gesdreg stbje1 Zhere sh`uog we push0
Zhbt pr`mess wdoo bmhdeve b stbje0 ^dsd`l m`uog ke stbteg dl the nuture telse.

]trbtejdm Yobl ds the `rjbldzbtd`l pr`mess thbt gendles the gdremtd`l blg the
boo`mbtd`l `n res`urmes. Whe strbtejdm pobl fbces the gemdsd`l t` pursue the
strbtejy. B strbtejy gesmrdkes h`w the j`bos bre j`dlj t` ke bmhdeveg wdth
res`urmes.

2.=.2.;  Estbkodsh Zrdttel Expemtbtd`ls n`r Ebmh Yr`mess

N`r the `rjbldzbtd`l t` gdsp`se `n res`urmes bmm`rgdlj t` requdrefelts,
every pr`mess sh`uog hbve dts expemtbtd`ls gesmrdkeg dl wrdtdlj. Whds
feth`g`o`jy wdoo boo`w n`r b m`ltdlu`us m`ltr`o `n res`urme boo`mbtd`l blg
m`ltr`o `n the ndlbo pr`gumts.

Ybje 28
28 `n
 `n 274
274  
 

Dt m`uog estbkodsh the m`rremtdves dl the pr`per f`felt, bv`dgdlj bl `verno`w

dl the use `n res`urmes blg dgeltdnydlj requdrefelts wdth rejbrg t` qubodty,
qubltdty blg `pp`rtuldty.

]`fe buth`rs gendle steps dl the geveo`pfelt `n these wrdttel expemtbtd`ls.

Whey leeg t` ke moebr n`r everyk`gy blg dgeltdny where y`u leeg thef.
Everyk`gy leegs t` ke dlv`oveg, s` feetdljs bre lemessbry t` gdsmuss the
steps, ulgerstblg why they bre leegeg, blg t` fbce thef uldque. @lme
these phbses bre m`fpoete, wrdte thef moebroy dl b sdfpoe obljubje thbt
fbces thef uldversbo blg `ktbdl ndlbo bjreefelt.

2.=.2.=.  Geveo`p Oebgdlj Cey Yern`rfblme Dlgdmbt`rs

Oebgdlj dlgdmbt`rs bre `rdelteg t`wbrg dlput. Whey bre hbrg-t`-febsure
hbrg-t`-febsu re blg
ebsy-t`-dlnouelme. Bs bl exbfpoe `n b oebgdlj dlgdmbt`r, b pers`lbo j`bo n`r
fbly `n us m`uog ke t` o`se wedjht. W` bmhdeve thds j`bo, dt wdoo ke lemessbry
t` regume mbo`rdes tbcel blg t` kurl mbo`rdes. Whese tw` dlgdmbt`rs bre ebsy-
t`-dlnouelme kut gdnndmuot-t`-febsure. Oebgdlj dlgdmbt`rs bre `ntel reobteg t`
bmtdvdtdes ulgertbcel ky the w`rc tebf. Dl the exbfpoe bk`ve, exermdse blg
ebtdlj bre bmtdvdtdes.

Oebgdlj CYDs bre pr`mess `rdelteg. Ze mbl dgeltdny s`fe oebgdlj dlgdmbt`rs
bs n`oo`ws1 the permeltbje `n w`rc `rgers `ver the spemdndm tdfe3 `r the
permeltbje `n bvbdobkoe fbl-h`urs t` t`tbo bvbdobkoe fbl h`urs `ver the
spemdndm tdfe.

2.=.2.7.  Geveo`p Objjdlj Cey Yern`rfblme Dlgdmbt`rs 

Dlgdmbt`rs  
Objjdlj dlgdmbt`rs bre typdmbooy `rdelteg t`wbrg `utput. Whey bre ebsy-t`-
febsure kut hbrg-t`-dlnouelme. Usdlj the wedjht o`ss exbfpoe, stblgdlj `l
the smboe blg febsurdlj y`ur wedjht ds ebsy t` febsure. T`u dffegdbteoy
jet bl blswer. Kut wedjht o`ss ds l`t bl bmtdvdty.

Objjdlj CYD bre `rdelteg t` resuots. Ze mbl dgeltdny s`fe objjdlj dlgdmbt`rs
bs n`oo`ws1 Fbdltelblme M`st, Fbdltelblme M`st `ver W`tbo ]boes,
Fbdltelblme M`st `ver Uldt @utput, Febl Wdfe Ketweel Nbdoures (FWKN),
Nbdoure Nrequelmy, blg Ulsmheguoeg Fbdltelblme G`wltdfe.

Ybje 24
24 `n
 `n 274
274  
 

2.=.2.5 Geveo`p Rubodtbtdve Yern`rfblme Febsures

Rubodtbtdve febsures jbuje the bf`ult `n whbt ds hbppeldlj. Lufkers bre
kudogdlj ko`mcs `n bf`ults. Evel whel y`u—re turldlj bttdtuges dlt`
lufkers, y`u—re g`dlj dt t` jbuje bl bf`ult. Whbt temhldmbooy febls thbt
every febsure ds qubltdtbtdve.

2.=.2.>  Estbkodsh [eobteg CYDs thbt mbl ke useg bs Fuotdpoe

Gdfelsd`ls
 B Cey Yern`rfblme Dlgdmbt`r (CYD) ds b qubltdndbkoe febsurefelt n`r
jbujdlj kusdless summess. B CYD ds b m`ooemtd`l `n mbomuobtd`ls bss`mdbteg
wdth b jr`up `n febsures. Whese mbomuobtd`ls blg febsurefelts bre useg t`
evboubte kusdless summess. Wypdmbooy, the mbomuobtd`ls bre b m`fkdlbtd`l `n
Fuotdgdfelsd`lbo Expressd`ls (FGX) expressd`ls `r mbomuobteg fefkers.
CYDs dlmouge bggdtd`lbo gbtb blg dln`rfbtd`l bk`ut h`w modelt bppodmbtd`ls
sh`uog gdspoby the resuots `n the CYD's mbomuobtd`ls.

 B CYD fblbjes dln`rfbtd`l bk`ut b j`bo set blg the bmtubo n`rfuob `n the
pern`rfblme thbt ds rem`rgeg bs weoo bs febsurefelts sh`wdlj trelgs blg
the murrelt stbtus `n the pern`rfblme.

Whe bodjlfelt `n CYDs wdth the vdsd`l, fdssd`l, strbtejdes blg `kaemtdves `n
the `rjbldzbtd`l ds the cey t` rebodzdlj bl dfpbmt `l the k`tt`f odle. Whe
mhbooelje ds t` geveo`p CYDs thbt pr`vdge b h`odstdm blg kboblmeg vdew `n the
kusdless. Nbmeg wdth p`teltdbooy hulgregs (dn l`t th`usblgs) `n mblgdgbte
fetrdms, h`w g`es `le seoemt th`se thbt bre f`st febldljnuo0 @le bppr`bmh
ds t` thdlc `n dlgdvdgubo CYDs l`t aust bs b sdljuobr fetrdm kut bs b kboblmeg
fetrdm `n severbo gdfelsd`ls. Whese gdfelsd`ls dlmouge kusdless
perspemtdves (must`fer, ndlblmdbo, blg pr`mess blg geveo`pfelt),
febsurefelt nbfdodes (m`st, pr`gumtdvdty, blg qubodty) blg febsurefelt
mbtej`rdes (gdremt, bggdtdve, blg m`fp`sdte). Ky `verobydlj these vbrd`us
gdfelsd`ls, `le mbl mrebte b CYD nrbfew`rc thbt summdlmtoy mbptures the
f`st mrdtdmbo kusdless grdvers.

[`kert Cbpobl blg Gbvdg L`rt`l dltr`gumeg the kboblmeg sm`rembrg

feth`g`o`jy n`r pern`rfblme fblbjefelt dl the ebroy 2449s. ]dlme thel,
the m`lmeptubo nrbfew`rc `n the sm`rembrg feth`g`o`jy hbs keel
elthusdbstdmbooy efkrbmeg ky M`rp`rbte Bferdmb. Bs b pern`rfblme
fblbjefelt t``o, the kboblmeg sm`rembrg bssdsts fblbjefelt dl bodjldlj,
m`ffuldmbtdlj blg trbmcdlj pr`jress bjbdlst `lj`dlj kusdless strbtejdes,
`kaemtdves blg tbrjets. Whe kboblmeg sm`rembrg m`fkdles trbgdtd`lbo ndlblmdbo

Ybje ;9
;9 `n
 `n 274
274  
 

febsures wdth l`lndlblmdbo febsures t` febsure the heboth `n the m`fpbly

nr`f n`ur equbooy dfp`rtblt perspemtdves bs n`oo`ws1

Ndlblmdbo1  Dt
 Dt febsures the em`l`fdm dfpbmt `n bmtd`ls `l jr`wth,
pr`ndtbkdodty blg rdsc nr`f the shbreh`oger's perspemtdve (let dlm`fe, [@D,
[@B, blg mbsh no`w).

Must`fer1  dt
 dt febsures the bkdodty `n bl `rjbldzbtd`l t` pr`vdge qubodty
j``gs blg servdmes thbt feet must`fer expemtbtd`ls (must`fer reteltd`l,
pr`ndtbkdodty, sbtdsnbmtd`l, blg o`yboty).

Dlterlbo Kusdless Yr`messes1  Dt

 Dt febsures the dlterlbo kusdless pr`messes
thbt mrebte must`fer blg shbreh`oger sbtdsnbmtd`l (pr`aemt fblbjefelt,
W`tbo Rubodty Fblbjefelt (WRF), blg ]dx ]djfb).

Oebrldlj blg Jr`wth1  Dt

 Dt febsures the `rjbldzbtd`lbo elvdr`lfelt thbt
n`sters mhblje, dll`vbtd`l, dln`rfbtd`l shbrdlj blg jr`wth (stbnn f`rboe,
trbdldlj, blg cl`woegje shbrdlj).

 Both`ujh the n`mus `n ebmh perspemtdve ds gdstdlmtoy gdnnerelt, there ds b

m`ff`l threbg `n mbusbodty blg b uldversbo odlcbje ketweel the n`ur
perspemtdves. N`r exbfpoe, dn b m`fpbly dlvests dl oebrldlj blg jr`wth t`
dfpr`ve efpo`yee scdoos blg eoevbte f`rboe, thel th`se resuots wdoo ke
trblsobteg dlt` dfpr`veg dlterlbo kusdless pr`messes thr`ujh kest prbmtdmes
blg mhblje fblbjefelt pr`jrbfs sumh bs ]dx ]djfb blg WRF.
]uksequeltoy, these bmtdvdtdes wdoo resuot dl superd`r qubodty pr`gumts blg
servdmes n`r the must`fer, whdmh dl turl wdoo grdve dlmrebseg sboes blg bl
dfpr`veg ndlblmdbo k`tt`f odle.

 Bl`ther dfp`rtblt m`lsdgerbtd`l dl the geveo`pfelt `n CYDs ds the seoemtd`l

`n the bppr`prdbte febsurefelt nbfdoy. Whe bppr`prdbte CYDs wdoo mbpture
`perbtd`lbo pern`rfblme `ver tdfe blg thel ke reobteg t` dlterlbo kusdless
blg exterlbo dlgustry kelmhfbrcs. Both`ujh the n`oo`wdlj odst renoemts
m`ff`l febsurefelt nbfdodes, gdnnerelt dlgustrdes wdoo hbve thedr `wl
spemdndm kusdless grdvers blg reobteg febsures.

Ybje ;2
;2 `n
 `n 274
274  
 

Yr`gumtdvdty1  Whds
 Whds CYD nbfdoy febsures efpo`yee `utput (dl terfs `n uldts,
trblsbmtd`ls `r g`oobrs) blg uptdfe oeveos. CYDs mbl bos` ke seoemteg t`
sh`w efpo`yees use thedr tdfe. Exbfpoes bre sboes-t`-bssets rbtd`, g`oobr
revelue nr`f lew must`fers, blg vbrd`us CYDs reobteg t` the sboes
pdpeodle.

Rubodty1  Whese
 Whese CYDs febsure the bkdodty t` feet `r exmeeg the
requdrefelts blg expemtbtd`ls `n the must`fer. Exbfpoes bre must`fer
m`fpobdlts, permelt returls, blg genemts per fdood`l `pp`rtuldtdes (GYF@).

Yr`ndtbkdodty1  Whese
 Whese febsure the `verboo ennemtdveless `n the fblbjefelt
`rjbldzbtd`l dl jelerbtdlj pr`ndts. Exbfpoes dlmouge pr`ndt m`ltrdkutd`l ky
sejfelt `r must`fer, blg fbrjdl sprebgs.

Wdfeodless1  Febsures
 Febsures the p`dlt dl tdfe whel fblbjefelt blg efpo`yee
tbscs bre m`fpoeteg, bmm`rgdlj t` the gby, weec `r f`lth. Exbfpoes bre
`l-tdfe geodvery blg permelt `n obte `rgers.

Yr`mess Enndmdelmy1  Febsures
 Febsures h`w ennemtdveoy the fblbjefelt `rjbldzbtd`l
uses qubodty m`ltr`o, ]dx ]djfb blg kest prbmtdmes t` strebfodle `perbtd`lbo
pr`messes. Exbfpoes bre ydeog permeltbje, pr`mess uptdfe, blg mbpbmdty
utdodzbtd`l.

Mymoe Wdfe1  Febsures
 Febsures the gurbtd`l `n tdfe requdreg ky efpo`yees t`
m`fpoete tbscs dl h`urs, gbys `r f`lths. Exbfpoes bre pr`messdlj tdfe,
blg tdfe t` servdme must`fer.

[es`urme Utdodzbtd`l1  Febsures
 Febsures h`w ennemtdveoy the fblbjefelt
`rjbldzbtd`l oeverbjes exdstdlj kusdless res`urmes sumh bs bssets, krdmcs
blg f`rtbr blg dlvestfelts. Exbfpoes bre sboes per t`tbo bssets, sboes per
mhblleo, blg wdl rbte.

M`st ]bvdljs1  Febsures
 Febsures h`w summessnuooy the fblbjefelt `rjbldzbtd`l
bmhdeves em`l`fdes-`n-smboe blg sm`pe-`n-w`rc wdth dts pe`poe, stbnn blg
prbmtdmes t` m`ltr`o `perbtd`lbo blg `verhebg m`sts. Exbfpoes bre m`st per
uldt, dlvelt`ry turls, blg m`st `n j``gs.

Ybje ;;
;; `n
 `n 274
274  
 

Jr`wth1  Febsures
 Febsures the bkdodty `n the fblbjefelt `rjbldzbtd`l t` fbdltbdl
b m`fpetdtdve em`l`fdm p`sdtd`l dl the jr`wth `n the em`l`fy blg
dlgustry. Exbfpoes bre fbrcet shbre, must`fer bmqudsdtd`l blg reteltd`l,
blg bmm`ult peletrbtd`l.

Dll`vbtd`l1  Febsures
 Febsures the mbpbkdodty `n the `rjbldzbtd`l
`rj bldzbtd`l t` geveo`p lew
pr`gumts, pr`messes blg servdmes t` peletrbte lew fbrcets blg must`fer
sejfelts. Exbfpoes bre lew pbtelts, lew pr`gumt r`oo`uts, blg [&G
spelg).

Wemhl`o`jy1  Febsures
 Febsures h`w ennemtdveoy the DW `rjbldzbtd`l geveo`ps,
dfpoefelts blg fbdltbdls dln`rfbtd`l fblbjefelt dlnrbstrumture blg
bppodmbtd`ls. Exbfpoe CYDs bre DW mbpdtbo spelgdlj, M[F temhl`o`jdes
dfpoefelteg, blg Zek-elbkoeg bmmess).

Whe perspemtdves blg febsurefelt nbfdodes mbl l`w ke m`fkdleg t`

geveo`p b CYD pr`ndoe fbtrdx bs sh`wl dl Ndjure 2). Whds fbtrdx pr`vdges b
m`lstrumt n`r kboblmdlj the lufker blg types `n CYDs.
CYDs . N`r exbfpoe,
pern`rfblme fblbjefelt dfpoefeltbtd`ls typdmbooy nboo sh`rt `n kboblmdlj
ndlblmdbo blg l`l-ndlblmdbo CYDs. Whe pr`ndoe fbtrdx heops elsure b pr`per fdx
`n ndlblmdbo blg l`l-ndlblmdbo febsures.

2.=.2.:  Estbkodsh b J`bo n`r Ebmh Cey Yern`rfblme Dlgdmbt`r

 B cey pern`rfblme dlgdmbt`r (CYD) dlgdmbtes whether `r l`t y`u bre bmhdevdlj
`le `n y`ur strbtejdm j`bos. T`u leeg CYD tbrjets t` m`ffuldmbte the oeveo
`n pern`rfblme y`u bre trydlj t` bmhdeve. W` set the tbrjets, n`oo`w these
n`ur steps1

2. ]et b o`lj-terf tbrjet1 ]tbrt ky gendldlj y`ur o`lj-terf tbrjet ndrst. Whds
tbrjet (whdmh ds set n`r =-5 yebrs `ut) typdmbooy m`rresp`lgs wdth y`ur
strbtejdm pobl blg ds b cl`wl j`bo thr`ujh`ut y`ur m`fpbly. Whese o`lj-
terf tbrjets mbl ke1

Gerdveg nr`f y`ur `verboo fdssd`l.

[eobteg t` y`ur kelmhfbrcdlj.
Kbseg `l y`ur `wl hdst`rdmbo pern`rfblme.

;. Geterfdle oebgdlj blg objjdlj dlgdmbt`rs1 Objjdlj dlgdmbt`rs sh`w

whether `r l`t y`u bmm`fpodsheg y`ur j`bos. Oebgdlj dlgdmbt`rs
dl gdmbt`rs sh`w whbt
leegs t` ke g`le t` feet y`ur j`bos.

Ybje ;=
;= `n
 `n 274
274  
 

=. Oebgdlj blg objjdlj Dlgdmbt`rs fust ke odlceg t`jether.

7. Krebc thef g`wl dlt` bllubooy blg qubrteroy tbrjets.

2.=.2.8  Yr`vdge Zrdttel Gendldtd`ls `n [`oes [` oes blg [esp`lsdkdodtdes

 B r`oe mbl ke gendleg bs ‟b presmrdkeg `r expemteg kehbvd`r bss`mdbteg wdth
b pbrtdmuobr p`sdtd`l `r stbtus dl b jr`up `r `rjbldzbtd`l‖ blg b resp`lsdkdodty
bs ‟b guty `r `kodjbtd`l t` sbtdsnbmt`rdoy
sbtdsnb mt`rdoy pern`rf `r m`fpoete b tbsc (whdmh
(whd mh
mbl ke bssdjleg ky s`fe`le eose, `r mrebteg ky `le's `wl pr`fdse `r
mdrmufstblmes) thbt `le fust nuondoo.‖ Dl `rger t` dgeltdny boo `n the `kaemtdves,
j`bos blg tbrjets, `le fust ndrst m`fpoeteoy gendle blg geterfdle the
n`oo`wdlj.

 Bmtdvdtdes pern`rfeg `l b tdfesmboe kbsds.

Whe m`rremt use wdth`ut gevdbtd`l `n dlstrufelts blg t``os. Dl jelerbo, boo
bvbdobkoe res`urmes sh`uog ke dgeltdndeg.

Zh` wdoo bmt blg whel they wdoo ke dlv`oveg dl the pr`aemt. Whds requdres b
m`fpoete blboysds `n the tebf mbpbkdodtdes bs weoo bs prepbrbtd`l t` bssure
the m`rremt pern`rfblme `n ebmh pers`l n`r ebmh sdtubtd`l.

 Boo`mbte the res`urmes dl b tdfesmboe pr`jrbf t` bv`dg gevdbtd`ls. Boo the

res`urmes, pe`poe blg suppodes fdjht l`t ke bvbdobkoe dl the qubltdtdes
gesdreg s` dt ds lemessbry t` rul the m`rremt poblldlj `l res`urmes.
Cl`wdlj whel pers`lleo wdoo ke leegeg `l the sdte blg whbt dlstrufelts
wdoo ke leegeg dl hblg boo`ws y`u t` pursue fbxdfuf pern`rfblme gurdlj
the bmtd`l wdlg`w.

2.=.2.4  Geveo`p Wrbdldlj Fbterdbos

W` rebmh boo `ur j`bos dl the tdfe blg qubltdtdes expemteg blg poblleg, dt ds
lemessbry t` dlv`ove boo bmt`rs, tebf fefkers, m`ltrbmt`rs, spemdbodst,
bmm`ultblts, ndeog m`lsuotblts, `perbt`rs, fbdltelblme pe`poe bs weoo bs
hufbl res`urmes blg t`p fblbjefelt dl the wh`oe pr`aemt.

Dt ds dfp`rtblt t` expobdl dl getbdo ebmh `n the pr`aemt phbses, dlmougdlj whbt

ds expemteg blg whel nr`f boo pers`ls, blg whbt ds the expemtbtd`l `n thedr
pern`rfblme.

Ybje ;7
;7 `n
 `n 274
274  
 

W` bmm`fpodsh these mrdtdmbo tbscs blg bmhdeve the j`bos, dt ds lemessbry t`

stugy blg geveo`p the m`ffuldmbtd`l strumture blg bos` t` gesdjl blg
prepbre `n boo the dlstrufelts. M`ltelt spemdbodst, dn bvbdobkoe, m`uog gdbjrbf
blg pr`gume pr`aemt w`rck``cs. Whese spemdbodsts wdoo m`ooemt the dln`rfbtd`l
nr`f ebmh tebf fefker w`rcdlj dl the poblldlj pr`mess blg w`rc t`wbrg b
pr`gumt thbt sh`uog ke uldversbo blg ebsy-t`-ulgerstblg, mbrrydlj b moebr
fessbje t` every`le.

@lme the fbterdbo ds rebgy, prepbre b trbdldlj mboelgbr blg requdre

pbrtdmdpbtd`l nr`f every`le wh` ds dlv`oveg dl the bmtdvdty. Whe bssdstblme
wdoo l`t wbrrblty the resuots kut the tebfw`rc blg the p`wer `n the
dln`rfbtd`l wdoo f`tdvbte everyk`gy t` supp`rt the dlteltd`ls `n the m`fpbly
`r `rjbldzbtd`l. Yers`lleo bt every m`rp`rbte oeveos sh`uog ke trebteg wdth
the sbfe respemt dn y`u expemt the f`st `n thef.

2.=.2.29  Geveo`p Dlmeltdves n`r Ebmh Febsure

Kudogdlj bl ennemtdve dlmeltdve pobl requdres b m`fpbly t` bodjl
dltergepelgelt eoefelts wdthdl the kusdless dl b wby thbt m`ffuldmbtes b
moebr kehbvd`r stblgbrg t` dts efpo`yees. Whe dlmeltdve pobl fust hbve b
purp`se. Dt fust pr`aemt the p`teltdbo thbt mbl ke rebodzeg dn the purp`se ds
nuondooeg blg dt fust dgeltdny the pe`poe wh` bre bkoe t` ennemt th`se
`utm`fes.

Whds dltergepelgelt bodjlfelt ds heog t`jether ky n`rfdlj the rdjht

febsures blg fetrdms dl y`ur rewbrg strbtejdes. Wh`se dlgdmbt`rs sh`uog ke
febsurbkoe evel dn l`t ke gdremtoy renoemteg dl the ndlblmdbo stbtefelts. Whe
mh`sel febsures sh`uog heop trbmc pr`jress t`wbrgs strbtejdm `kaemtdves blg
renoemt dfpr`vefelts dl pr`gumtdvdty.

Whe r`oe `n dlgdmbt`rs ds t` dfpr`ve pern`rfblme blg dlnouelme kehbvd`r.

 Bo`lj wdth the m`ffuldmbtd`l pr`jrbf, dlgdmbt`rs heop n`mus `l resuots blg
elm`urbje `wlershdp muoture.

2.=.2.22  [evdew Febsure Ennemtdveless

Neegkbmc preselteg dl b tdfeoy blg ennemtdve fbller ds b mrdtdmbo m`fp`lelt
`n b summessnuo pern`rfblme fblbjefelt pr`jrbf. ]umh mbl ke dlmougeg
whel settdlj pern`rfblme j`bos. Neegkbmc `l pr`jress t`wbrgs j`bos wdoo
dfpr`ve pern`rfblme. Efpo`yees leeg t` cl`w dl b tdfeoy fbller h`w they
bre g`dlj, whbt ds w`rcdlj blg whbt ds l`t.

Ybje ;5
;5 `n
 `n 274
274  
 

Zhel1  Dt
 Dt ds lemessbry t` dln`rf dl b tdfeoy fbller. Dn bl dfpr`vefelt
leegs t` ke fbge dl thedr pern`rfblme, the s``ler they ndlg `ut bk`ut dt
the s``ler they mbl m`rremt the pr`koef. Dn efpo`yees hbve rebmheg `r
exmeegeg b j`bo, the s``ler they remedve p`sdtdve neegkbmc, the f`re
rewbrgdlj dt ds t` thef.

Gdremt1   Neegkbmc
Neegkbmc w`rcs kest whel dt reobtes t` b spemdndm j`bo.

H`w1  Neegkbmc
 Neegkbmc sh`uog heop dfpr`ve pern`rfblme. Ye`poe resp`lg ketter
t` p`sdtdve dln`rfbtd`l s` express neegkbmc dl b p`sdtdve fbller. Whbt
g`es febl thbt ‟fbcdlj up‖ the fessbje. Dn s`fe`le `r s`fethdlj leegs
t` ke gdsputeg, mhbooeljeg, mbooeg dlt` questd`l `r `therwdse nbmeg `r
m`lnr`lteg, g` l`t hesdtbte t` g` s`. H`wever, the bmtd`ls fust ke bodjleg
bodjl eg
wdth b m`ff`l j`bo thbt hbs keel bjreeg up`l.

2.=.; W``os 
W``os 

2.=.;.2 CYDs 
CYDs bre the cey kusdless stbtdstdms. Whey febsure b m`fpbly—s pern`rfblme
dl mrdtdmbo brebs. Whey sh`w pr`jress (`r obmc `n pr`jress) t`wbrg rebodzdlj
`rjbldzbtd`l `kaemtdves `r strbtejdm pobls. Whey f`ldt`r bmtdvdtdes, whdmh, dn
dfpr`peroy `r p``roy pern`rfeg, m`uog mbuse severe o`sses, resuot dl b systef
nbdoure `r ydeog b genemtdve ndlbo pr`gumt.

F`st j`bos bre bmhdeveg l`t aust thr`ujh the enn`rts `n

` n b sdljoe pers`l kut
rbther ky fuotdpoe pe`poe dl b vbrdety `n gepbrtfelts bmr`ss bl `rjbldzbtd`l.
Yern`rfblme fblbjefelt experts bjree thbt mbsmbgdlj blg bodjldlj j`bos
bmr`ss fuotdpoe `wlers mrebtes b "shbreg bmm`ultbkdodty" thbt ds vdtbo t` b
m`fpbly's summess. Whe m`fpbly thel uses dts Cey Yern`rfblme Dlgdmbt`rs
bs the n`ulgbtd`l t` blboyze blg trbmc pern`rfblme blg kbse cey strbtejdm
gemdsd`ls rejbrgdlj stbnndlj blg res`urmes.

Whe bmhdevefelt `n `ur `kaemtdves ds febsureg usdlj qubodtbtdve

bssessfelts blg thr`ujh the f`ldt`rdlj `n qubltdtbtdve dlgdmbt`rs. W`
pr`vdge b nuoo blg r`ulgeg vdew `n `ur kusdless, we use l`l-ndlblmdbo bs weoo
bs ndlblmdbo febsures. L`l-ndlblmdbo febsures bre `ntel oebgdlj dlgdmbt`rs `n
nuture ndlblmdbo pern`rfblme. Dfpr`vefelts dl these febsures kudog `ur
m`fpetdtdve bgvbltbje.

Ybje ;>
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274  
 

 Both`ujh boo `ur l`l-ndlblmdbo febsures bre dfp`rtblt, s`fe bre f`re
sdjldndmblt thbl `thers. Whese sdjldndmblt febsures bre gesdjlbteg bs Cey
Yern`rfblme Dlgdmbt`rs (CYDs).

Dn we mbl fbce b odst `n CYDs thel dt wdoo ke n`ulg thbt f`st gepelg `l the
j`bos, the bmtdvdtdes, blg the tebf. Whe aulmtd`l `n these three eoefelts
gendle where t` febsure blg whbt t` febsure t` bmhdeve the j`bos.

N`r exbfpoe, fbdltelblme w`rc leegs t` supp`rt the kusdless bdfs blg
`perbtdlj strbtejy. @lme the odlc ketweel kusdless j`bos blg the
fbdltelblme bmtdvdtdes thbt bre leegeg t` bmhdeve thef ds fbge moebr thel
every`le mbl see the kelendts thbt fbdltelblme krdljs t` the kusdless.
Dlterodlceg, mbsmbgdlj `kaemtdves m`llemt the kusdless t`jether nr`f t`p t`
k`tt`f, blg CYDs febsure blg mhemc dn they bre kedlj bmhdeveg.

2.=.;.;  MFF]
2.=.;.;
 B M`fputerdzeg Fbdltelblme Fblbjefelt ]ystef (MFF]) ds m`fputer
s`ntwbre gesdjleg t` sdfpodny fbdltelblme fblbjefelt. Ze—oo krebc the
terf ky ebmh `n dts m`fp`lelts bs n`oo`ws1

M`fputerdzeg1   Fbdltelblme
Fbdltelblme gbtb wbs hdst`rdmbooy rem`rgeg wdth b pelmdo
blg pbper. Kembuse `n thds, fbdltelblme wbs obrjeoy rebmtdve rbther thbl
pr`bmtdve. Whbt ds, fbdltelblme wbs pern`rfeg `loy whel s`fethdlj welt
wr`lj. Yreveltdve fbdltelblme wbs oess m`ff`l kembuse dt wbs
ulrebodstdm t` trbmc whdmh bssets leegeg r`utdle fbdltelblme whel boo y`ur
bsset—s fbdltelblme rem`rgs were cept dl b ndodlj mbkdlet. 
mbkdlet.   M`fputerdzeg
reners t` the nbmt thbt wdth b MFF], y`ur fbdltelblme gbtb ds st`reg `l b
m`fputer. Zhel `rjbldzbtd`ls kejbl t` fdjrbte nr`f pbper blg pelmdo t`
thedr m`fputers, suggeloy, `rjbldzbtd`ls m`uog trbmc w`rc `rgers, qudmcoy
jelerbte bmmurbte rep`rts, blg ebsdoy dgeltdny bssets thbt requdre
preveltdve fbdltelblme. Whese mhbljes oeg t` extelgeg bsset odnespbls
blg dfpr`veg `rjbldzbtd`l. Uotdfbteoy m`fputerdzbtd`l regumeg m`sts blg
dlmrebseg pr`ndts.

Fbdltelblme1   Whds
Whds ds whbt dt ds supp`seg t` g`le every gby. Whe systef
dgeb elsures tbscs bre prd`rdtdzeg m`rremtoy blg thbt the dlvelt`ry
dlvel t`ry blg obk`r
everythdlj eose ds dl pobme t` elsure summess. MFF] s`outd`ls jdve
temhldmdbls the nreeg`f t` n`mus oess `l pbperw`rc blg f`re `l hblgs-`l
fbdltelblme.

Ybje ;:
;: `n
 `n 274
274  
 

Fblbjefelt1  Fbdltelblme
 Fbdltelblme fblbjefelt s`ntwbre jdves users dffegdbte
dlsdjht dlt` the stbte `n hds `r her fbdltelblme leegs. Dt g`es s` wdth
m`fprehelsdve w`rc-`rger smheguoes, bmmurbte dlvelt`ry n`rembsts, blg
dlstblt bmmess t` hulgregs `n dlvboubkoe rep`rts.

]ystef1  Whe
 Whe kest MFF] systef ds `le thbt boo`ws users t` bmm`fpodsh the
exdstdlj fbdltelblme prbmtdmes f`re ennemtdveoy whdoe dltr`gumdlj tdfe-
sbvdlj nebtures thbt oebg t` b regumtd`l `n m`sts blg tdfe sbvdljs.

 Bly `rjbldzbtd`l thbt fust pern`rf fbdltelblme `l equdpfelt, bssets blg

pr`perty mbl use b MFF] pbmcbje. ]`fe MFF] pr`gumts n`mus `l dlgustry
semt`rs sumh bs the fbdltelblme `n vehdmoe noeets `r hebothmbre nbmdodtdes.
@ther pr`gumts bdf t` ke jelerbooy bppodeg.

MFF] pbmcbjes mbl pr`gume stbtus rep`rts blg g`mufelts thbt jdve getbdos
`r suffbrdes `n fbdltelblme bmtdvdtdes. Whe f`re s`phdstdmbteg the pbmcbje,
the f`re blboytdm mbpbkdodtdes bre bvbdobkoe.

MFF] pbmcbjes mbl ke wek-kbseg, febldlj they bre h`steg ky the

m`fpbly seoodlj the pr`gumt `l bl `utsdge server3 `r they mbl ke OBL kbseg,
febldlj thbt the m`fpbly kuydlj the s`ntwbre h`sts
h`s ts the pr`gumt `l dts `wl
server.

2.=.;.= Kusdless Dlteoodjelme ]`ntwbre

2.=.;.= 
Kusdless dlteoodjelme (KD) ds b temhl`o`jy-grdvel pr`mess n`r blboyzdlj
gbtb blg preseltdlj bmtd`lbkoe dln`rfbtd`l t` heop m`rp`rbte exemutdves,
kusdless fblbjers blg `ther elg users fbce f`re dln`rfeg kusdless
gemdsd`ls.

 B wdge vbrdety `n t``os, bppodmbtd`ls blg feth`g`o`jdes elbkoe `rjbldzbtd`ls

t` m`ooemt gbtb nr`f dlterlbo systefs blg exterlbo s`urmes3 prepbre the gbtb
n`r blboysds blg geveo`p blg rul querdes bjbdlst the gbtb3 blg mrebte
rep`rts, gbshk`brgs blg gbtb vdsubodzbtd`ls t` fbce the blboytdmbo resuots
bvbdobkoe t` m`rp`rbte gemdsd`l fbcers bs weoo bs `perbtd`lbo w`rcers.

KD s`ntwbre `nners fbdltelblme blg repbdr pr`nessd`lbos the n`oo`wdlj

kelendts1
 Bmmeoerbte blg dfpr`ve gemdsd`l fbcdlj. 
fbcdlj. 
@ptdfdze dlterlbo kusdless pr`messes. 
pr`messes. 
Dlmrebse `perbtd`lbo enndmdelmy. 
enndmdelmy. 

Ybje ;8
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274  
 

Grdve lew revelues. 

revelues. 
Jbdl m`fpetdtdve bgvbltbjes `ver kusdless rdvbos. 
rdvbos. 
Heop m`fpbldes dgeltdny fbrcet trelgs blg sp`t kusdless pr`koefs thbt
leeg t` ke bggresseg. 
bggresseg. 

KD s`ntwbre m`fprdses b set `n strbtejdes, pr`messes, bppodmbtd`ls,

pr`messes,  bppodmbtd`ls, gbtb,
 gbtb,  
temhl`o`jdes blg temhldmbo brmhdtemtures. Elterprdses use these nebtures t`
supp`rt the m`ooemtd`l, gbtb
m`ooemtd`l, gbtb blboysds,
blboysds, preseltbtd`l
 preseltbtd`l blg gdssefdlbtd`l
`n   kusdless
kusdless dln`rfbtd`l.
dln`rfbtd`l. Whe
 Whe s`ntwbre pr`vdges hdst`rdmbo, murrelt blg
pregdmtdve vdews `n   kusdless
kusdless `perbtd`ls.
`perbtd`ls.  

M`ff`l nulmtd`ls dlmouge the n`oo`wdlj1

[ep`rtdlj
@lodle blboytdmbo pr`messdlj
Gbtb blg text fdldlj
M`fpoex evelt pr`messdlj
Kusdless pern`rfblme fblbjefelt
Kelmhfbrcdlj
Yregdmtdve Blboytdms blg fbly `thers

KD s`ntwbre mbl hblgoe m`pd`us bf`ults `n strumtureg blg s`fetdfes

ulstrumtureg gbtb, whdmh heops dgeltdny, geveo`p blg `therwdse mrebte lew
strbtejdm kusdless
strbtejdm  kusdless `pp`rtuldtdes.
`pp`rtuldtdes. KD
 KD s`ntwbre bdfs t` boo`w n`r the ebsy
dlterpretbtd`l `n these kdj
these kdj gbtb.
gbtb. Dgeltdnydlj
 Dgeltdnydlj lew `pp`rtuldtdes blg
dfpoefeltdlj bl ennemtdve strbtejy kbseg `l dlsdjhts mbl
pr`vdge kusdlesses
pr`vdge  kusdlesses wdth b m`fpetdtdve fbrcet bgvbltbje blg o`lj-terf
stbkdodty.

2.=.;.7  ]m`rembrgs
2.=.;.7 ]m`rembrgs  
Whe Kboblmeg ]m`rembrg (K]M) ds b strbtejdm
b  strbtejdm poblldlj blg
fblbjefelt systef thbt `rjbldzbtd`ls use t` bmm`fpodsh the n`oo`wdlj1
M`ffuldmbte whbt they bre trydlj t` bmm`fpodsh
 Bodjl gby-t`-gby w`rc wdth strbtejy
Yrd`rdtdze pr`aemts, pr`gumts, blg servdmes
Febsure blg f`ldt`r pr`jress t`wbrgs strbtejdm tbrjets

Whe KD systef m`llemts the g`ts ketweel kdj pdmture strbtejy eoefelts blg
`perbtd`lbo eoefelts. Kdj pdmture eoefelts dlmouge fdssd`l (`ur purp`se),
vdsd`l (whbt we bspdre n`r), m`re vboues (whbt we keodeve dl) blg strbtejdm
n`mus brebs (thefes, resuots blg/`r j`bos). Whe f`re `perbtd`lbo eoefelts

Ybje ;4
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 `n 274
274  
 

dlmouge `kaemtdves (m`ltdlu`us dfpr`vefelt bmtdvdtdes), febsures (`r cey

(`r  cey
pern`rfblme dlgdmbt`rs, `r CYDs, whdmh
CYDs, whdmh trbmc strbtejdm pern`rfblme), tbrjets
(`ur gesdreg oeveo `n pern`rfblme), blg dldtdbtdves (pr`aemts thbt heop y`u
rebmh y`ur tbrjets).

Whe Kboblmeg ]m`rembrg sujjests thbt we vdew the `rjbldzbtd`l nr`f n`ur
perspemtdves blg geveo`p `kaemtdves, febsures (CYDs), tbrjets, blg dldtdbtdves
(bmtd`ls) reobtdve t` ebmh `n these n`ur p`dlts `n vdew.

Ndlblmdbo1  Whe
 Whe ndlblmdbo perspemtdve ds `ntel mbooeg stewbrgshdp `r `ther
f`re bppr`prdbte lbfes dl the pukodm semt`r. Dts vdew ds t`wbrgs
`rjbldzbtd`lbo ndlblmdbo pern`rfblme blg the use `n ndlblmdbo res`urmes.

Must`fer/]tbceh`oger1  Whds
 Whds perspemtdve `l `rjbldzbtd`lbo pern`rfblme ds
nr`f the p`dlts `n vdew `n the must`fer `r `ther cey stbceh`ogers wh`f
the `rjbldzbtd`l serves.

Dlterlbo Yr`mess1  @rjbldzbtd`lbo
 @rjbldzbtd`lbo pern`rfblme mbl bos` ke vdeweg thr`ujh
the oelses `n qubodty blg enndmdelmy bs they reobte t` `ur pr`gumt blg
servdmes bs weoo bs `ther cey pr`messes wdthdl the kusdless.

@rjbldzbtd`lbo mbpbmdty (`rdjdlbooy mbooeg oebrldlj blg jr`wth)1 Ndlbooy,

`rjbldzbtd`lbo pern`rfblme mbl ke vdeweg thr`ujh the oelses `n hufbl
mbpdtbo, dlnrbstrumture, temhl`o`jy, muoture blg `ther mbpbmdtdes thbt bre cey
t` krebcthr`ujh pern`rfblme.

2.=.;.5 Bugdts 
Bugdts 
 Bl bugdt ds b systefbtdm evdgelme jbtherdlj pr`mess. L`l-ndlblmdbo bugdts `n
systefs blg pr`messes dlv`ove perd`gdm verdndmbtd`ls t` verdny thbt b
g`mufelteg Rubodty Heboth ]bnety blg Elvdr`lfeltbo (RH]E) fblbjefelt
systef `r dlgustrdbo pr`mess ds kedlj ennemtdveoy dfpoefelteg. Bugdts heop
vbodgbte m`fpodblme wdth rejuobt`ry requdrefelts blg dlgustry stblgbrgs.
Whey mbl bos` ke useg bs bl dln`rfbtd`l t``o t` grdve ketter kusdless
gemdsd`ls.

 Bl bugdt ds b systefbtdm blg dlgepelgelt exbfdlbtd`l `n k``cs, bmm`ults,

stbtut`ry rem`rgs, g`mufelts blg v`umhers `n bl `rjbldzbtd`l t` bsmertbdl
h`w nbr the ndlblmdbo stbtefelts bs weoo bs l`l-ndlblmdbo gdsmo`sures preselt
b true blg nbdr vdew `n the m`lmerl. Dt bos` bttefpts
b ttefpts t` elsure thbt the k``cs
`n bmm`ults bre pr`peroy fbdltbdleg ky the m`lmerl bs requdreg ky obw.

Ybje =9
=9 `n
 `n 274
274  
 

 Bly sukaemt fbtter fby ke bugdteg. Bugdts pr`vdge thdrg-pbrty

thdrg-pbrty bssurblme t`
vbrd`us stbceh`ogers
vbrd`us  stbceh`ogers thbt the sukaemt fbtter ds nree
nr`f fbterdbo
nr`f  fbterdbo fdsstbtefelt. Whe terf ds f`st nrequeltoy bppodeg t` bugdts `n
the ndlblmdbo dln`rfbtd`l reobtdlj t` b oejbo
b oejbo pers`l.
pers`l. @ther
 @ther brebs whdmh bre
m`ff`loy bugdteg dlmouge semretbrdbo & m`fpodblme bugdt, dlterlbo m`ltr`os,
qubodty fblbjefelt, pr`aemt fblbjefelt, wbter fblbjefelt, blg elerjy
m`lservbtd`l.

Nr`f bl bugdt, stbceh`ogers fby ennemtdveoy evboubte blg dfpr`ve the

ennemtdveless `n rdsc fblbjefelt, m`ltr`o, blg the j`verlblme pr`mess `ver
the sukaemt fbtter. 

2.=.;.>  M`ffuldmbtd`ls Yobl

M`ffuldmbtd`l ds the pr`mess `n trblsfdttdlj dgebs blg dln`rfbtd`l. N`r bl
`rjbldzbtd`l, thbt febls m`lveydlj the true lbture `n y`ur `rjbldzbtd`l, the
dssues dt gebos wdth, blg dts bmm`fpodshfelts dl the m`ffuldty.

M`ffuldmbtd`l mbl tbce fbly n`rfs, dlmougdlj the n`oo`wdlj.

Z`rg `n f`uth
Lews st`rdes dl k`th prdlt blg kr`bgmbst fegdb
Yress reoebses blg press m`lnerelmes
Y`sters, kr`mhures, blg noders
@utrebmh blg preseltbtd`ls t` `ther heboth blg m`ffuldty servdme
pr`vdgers blg t` m`ffuldty jr`ups blg `rjbldzbtd`ls
]pemdbo evelts blg `pel h`uses heog ky the `rjbldzbtd`l

W` m`ffuldmbte ennemtdveoy, dt heops t` pobl whbt y`u wblt nr`f y`ur

m`ffuldmbtd`l, blg whbt y`u leeg t` g` t` jet dt.
Dl geveo`pdlj b m`ffuldmbtd`l pobl, m`lsdger blswerdlj these dtefs.

Zhy g` y`u wblt t` m`ffuldmbte (purp`se)0

Zh` ds y`ur bugdelme0
Zhbt g` y`u wblt t` m`ffuldmbte (fessbje)0
Zhbt m`ffuldmbtd`l mhblleos wdoo y`u use0
H`w wdoo y`u gdstrdkute y`ur fessbje0

Ybje =2
=2 `n
 `n 274
274  
 

Whe blswers t` these questd`ls m`lstdtute y`ur bmtd`l pobl, thbt ds, whbt y`u
leeg t` g` t` m`ffuldmbte summessnuooy wdth y`ur bugdelme. Whe refbdlger
`n y`ur m`ffuldmbtd`l pobl, dlv`oves tw` f`re steps.

Dfpoefelt1  Gesdjl
 Gesdjl y`ur fessbje blg gdstrdkute dt t` y`ur dltelgeg
bugdelme.

Evboubte1   [evdew
[evdew y`ur enn`rts, blg bgaust y`ur pobl bmm`rgdljoy.

2.;.=.: Dlmeltdves
2.;.=.: 
 Bl dlmeltdve f`tdvbtes
dlmeltdve f`tdvbtes bl dlgdvdgubo t` pern`rf bl bmtd`l. Dt ds l`t lemessbry
t` pr`vdge dlmeltdves n`r whbt `le ds supp`seg t` g` `r n`r whbt `le ds
m`ltrbmteg t` g`. L`letheoess dt wdoo ke heopnuo t` f`tdvbte the tebf t` f`ve
t` bl boterlbtdve `r bl upgbteg pr`mess dl the stbrtup phbse. @le m`uog
estbkodsh rem`jldtd`l `n the dlgdmbteg j`bos. @le m`uog rewbrg fdoest`les
wdth respemt t` spemdndm CYD thbt hbve keel estbkodsheg t` febsure the
pr`aemt geveo`pfelt.

 B new w`rgs `n rem`jldtd`l m`uog heop bmhdeve the

the gesdreg resuots. Dt ds
lemessbry t` g` b m`fpoete stugy t` bv`dg `ver-gdfelsd`ldlj the j`bos dl
sumh b fbller thbt the dlmeltdve kem`fes b m`ulterfebsure dlstebg `n bl
dlmeltdve. Gendle the oeveos, qubltdtdes, bf`ults `r bly `ther cdlg `n
febsure thbt pe`poe m`uog f`letbrdze thefseoves t` pern`rf thedr bmtdvdtdes.
@nner the `ptd`l t` remedve s`fethdlj eose nr`f whbt bre they g`dlj every
gby. Dlmeltdves bdf t` pr`vdge vboue n`r f`ley blg m`ltrdkute t`
`rjbldzbtd`lbo summess.

2.=.= Yr`messes 
Yr`messes 

2.=.=.2 Wrbdl ]tbceh`ogers `l Gendldtd`ls, Expemtbtd`ls blg J`bos

Cey Yern`rfblme Dlgdmbt`rs gendle the nbmt`rs thbt the dlstdtutd`l leegs t`
kelmhfbrc blg f`ldt`r. Bssessfelt temhldques pr`vdge the femhbldsf n`r
febsurdlj blg evboubtdlj the gendleg nbmt`rs t` evboubte pr`jress `r dfpbmt.
CYDs spemdny whbt ds febsureg blg bssessfelt temhldques getbdo h`w blg
whel dt wdoo ke febsureg. CYD ds b febsure thbt gendles blg evboubte the
summess `n bl `rjbldzbtd`l.

Wypdmbooy, dt ds expresseg dl terfs `n fbcdlj pr`jress t`wbrgs dts o`lj-terf

`rjbldzbtd`lbo j`bos. B CYD dlm`rp`rbtes dln`rfbtd`l `l the s`urmes,

Ybje =;
=; `n
 `n 274
274  
 

mbomuobtd`ls blg gendldtd`ls n`r ebmh febsure blg dt sets `ut the tdfetbkoe
n`r sukfdssd`l `n f`lthoy gbtb.

 Bnter the gendldtd`l, blboysds blg pobl mrebtd`l ds g`le, b trbdldlj systef
leegs t` ke estbkodsheg. Wrbdldlj leegs t` rebmh every tebf-fefker, thbt
ds, every m`lstdtuelt `n the pr`jrbf stbceh`ogers. Whe dgeb ds t` m`rremt
gdstrdkute `r gdvuoje the dln`rfbtd`l ceepdlj dl fdlg the n`oo`wdlj bspemts.

Gendldtd`ls1  Boo
 Boo the lew blg exdstdlj m`fp`lelts, eoefelts, bmr`lyfs, blg
bly `ther l`felmobture `r v`mbkuobry sh`uog ke m`ffuldmbteg.

Expemtbtd`ls1  Every`le
 Every`le fust ke dlstrumteg `l whbt the m`fpbly wblts
nr`f thef dl terfs `n bl bssessfelt pern`rfblme.

J`bos1  Bs
 Bs the pr`jrbf ds gendleg blg rendleg, everyk`gy fust ulgerstblg
whbt the m`fpbly ds o``cdlj n`r. Everyk`gy leegs t` ke dl odle wdth the
rhythf leegeg t` bmhdeve the bdfs `n the m`fpbly. Wh`se j`bos wdoo
gepelg `l whbt every`le dl the m`fpbly blg t`p fblbjefelt bjree thbt
they bre wdoodlj t` m`lquer.

Fblbjefelt fust ke m`lvdlmeg thbt the lemessbry tdfe blg res`urmes bre
bvbdobkoe t` bmhdeve thds dfp`rtblt bmtdvdty blg thbt the bmtdvdty wdoo ke
p`sdtdveoy renoemteg dl `ur w`rc dn pern`rfeg pr`peroy.

2.=.=.;  Wrbmc Yern`rfblme

@le bppr`bmh ds t` ceep b l`tek``c `r gdbry blg tbce l`tes boo gby bk`ut
bssdjlfelts remedveg, j`bos set, judgeodles pr`vdgeg bs weoo bs dlterfegdbte
blg ndlbo gebgodles estbkodsheg, tbscs t` m`fpoete blg m`lmrete bmtd`ls
tbcel. [ejbrgoess `n the cdlg `n rejdstry, dt fust ke useg t` mbpture cey
m`fp`lelts sumh bs the n`oo`wdlj.

Expemtbtd`ls1  Whds
 Whds m`fp`lelt dlmouges bly j`bos blg requdrefelts speooeg
`ut3 dlstrumtd`ls jdvel, blg bssdjleg t`-g` odsts. Bos` dlmouges bre stblgbrg
`perbtdlj pr`megures, ruoes `r judgeodles revdeweg, gebgodles set blg
tdfeodles estbkodsheg.

M`lmrete Bmtd`ls1  Whds
 Whds m`fp`lelt ds b rem`rg `n y`ur bmtubo w`rc. Dt
dlmouges ebmh t`-g` dtef thbt ds m`fpoeteg, ebmh j`bo thbt ds bmhdeveg,
ebmh requdrefelt thbt ds nuondooeg, blg ebmh gebgodle thbt ds fet.

Ybje ==
== `n
 `n 274
274  
 

Febsurefelts1  Whds
 Whds m`fp`lelt sh`ws trbmcs h`w m`lmrete bmtd`ls fbtmh
up bjbdlst the expemtbtd`ls. Hbve requdrefelts keel fet `r exmeegeg0
Zhbt dlstrumtd`ls, stblgbrg `perbtdlj pr`megures blg ruoes were n`oo`weg0
Zere j`bos fet `l tdfe0

 Boo the rem`rgeg gbtes m`lstdtute b kbsds

kbsds n`r the m`lstrumtd`l `n perd`gdmbo
rep`rt. Whe pern`rfblme blboysds dltr`gumeg mbl ke useg t` mhemc dn mhbljes
were dltr`gumeg blg whbt m`rremtdve bmtd`ls were tbcel t` returl the j`bo
pbth. Whds a`urlbo wdoo ke b s`urme `n usenuo dln`rfbtd`l n`r evboubtdlj m`st,
evboubtdlj the pe`poe blg g`dlj whbt fblbjefelt ds supp`seg t` g`1
 Bgfdldstrbte the `perbtd`l.

2.=.=.= Yerd`gdmbooy Yreselt [esuots t` Oebgershdp

Fbcdlj preseltbtd`ls t` M-sudte exemutdves mbl ke b lerve-wrbmcdlj
pr`p`sdtd`l n`r evel sebs`leg oebgers. W`p exemutdves brel—t shy bk`ut
b k`ut
sh`wdlj thedr dfpbtdelme wdth rep`rts thbt g`l—t qudmcoy bggress thedr cey
m`lmerls `r thbt nbdo t` grbw b m`llemtd`l ketweel w`rcn`rme gbtb,
`perbtd`lbo sdtubtd`l `r ndlblmdbo resuots.

W` ke usenuo t` oebgershdp, y`ur exemutdve preseltbtd`ls sh`uog hbve these

mhbrbmterdstdms.

Ceep dt sdfpoe, tdjht blg sh`rt. N`mus `l the fetrdms thbt fbtter f`st t`
y`ur exemutdves.

Dt ds kest t` sh`w aust b new sodges wdth y`ur cey fessbjes `r fetrdms.

Dn y`u hbve keel jdvel 25 fdlutes t` preselt, thbt febls l` f`re thbl
25 fdlutes, whdmh usubooy febls b fbxdfuf `n sevel sodges.

Whe ndrst seltelmes dl the preseltbtd`l stbte why we bre here blg whbt
gemdsd`l wdoo uotdfbteoy ke leegeg nr`f exemutdve-oeveo fblbjefelt.

Exemutdves wblt m`ltext. Ds b mertbdl fetrdm j``g `r kbg reobtdve t` the

dlgustry.

Where bre severbo dfp`rtblt m`lsdgerbtd`ls t` ceep dl fdlg whel preseltdlj

t` seld`r exemutdves. Whey mbl ke dfpbtdelt kembuse thedr smheguoes bre abf-
pbmceg blg they
blg they hbve t` fbce o`ts `n hdjh-stbces gemdsd`ls,
gemdsd`ls, `ntel
 `ntel wdth odttoe
tdfe t` wedjh `ptd`ls. Whe m`lsdgerbtd`ls bre1

Ybje =7
=7 `n
 `n 274
274  
 

]uffbrdze up nr`lt1  T`u
 T`u sh`uog oebg wdth the dln`rfbtd`l y`ur bugdelme
rebooy mbres bk`ut1 hdjh-oeveo ndlgdljs, m`lmousd`ls, rem`ffelgbtd`ls, b
mboo t` bmtd`l. ]tbte th`se p`dlts moebroy blg summdlmtoy rdjht bt the stbrt,
blg thel f`ve `l t` supp`rtdlj gbtb, suktoetdes, blg fbterdbo thbt—s
perdpherbooy reoevblt.
]et expemtbtd`ls 1 Oet the bugdelme cl`w y`u—oo spelg the ndrst new fdlutes
preseltdlj y`ur suffbry blg the rest `n the tdfe wdoo ke reserveg n`r
gdsmussd`l.

Mrebte suffbry sodges1  Zhel

 Zhel fbcdlj y`ur sodge gemc, pobme b krden
`vervdew `n cey p`dlts bt the nr`lt. Whe rest `n y`ur sodges sh`uog serve bs
bl bppelgdx. N`oo`w the 29 permelt ruoe.

Jdve thef whbt they bsceg n`r1   Whds tdfe-presseg jr`up `n seld`r
fblbjers dlvdteg y`u t` spebc kembuse they neot y`u m`uog suppoy b
fdssdlj pdeme `n dln`rfbtd`l. ]`, blswer thbt spemdndm request gdremtoy blg
qudmcoy.

[ehebrse1   Ken`re
Ken`re preseltdlj, rul y`ur tboc blg y`ur sodges ky b m`ooebjue
wh` wdoo serve bs bl h`lest m`bmh. Wry t` ndlg s`fe`le wh`—s hbg summess
jettdlj dgebs bg`pteg bt the exemutdve oeveo. Bsc n`r p`dlteg neegkbmc.

Whds ds l`t b o`t `n w`rc kut dt ds b lemessbry blg selsdkoe bgvdme `l h`w t`
m`lvey dln`rfbtd`l t` m`fpbly oebgers.

2.=.=.7 [evdse Yobl Yerd`gdmbooy

Zhel b pobl ds jelerbteg blg estbkodsheg dt ds lemessbry t` upgbte dt
perd`gdmbooy. T`u wdoo leeg t` revdew the ndeog rep`rts, the CYD dln`rfbtd`l
blg, dl jelerbo, the neegkbmc remedveg nr`f the ndeog bmt`rs wh` hblgoe the
pr`mess gby ky gby.

Whe obtest versd`l `n the pobl leegs t` ke reoebseg where there bre mhbljes
blg dfpr`vefelts. Yerd`gdm reoebse `n b lew pobl boo`ws lew resuots t` ke
retrdeveg whdoe bos` ref`vdlj bly `kstbmoes nr`f the pbth bs dgeltdndeg nr`f
gbdoy pern`rfblme.

Ybje =5
=5 `n
 `n 274
274  
 

@lme the pobl ds rebgy `r b revdseg versd`l reoebseg, b m`ffuldmbtd`l pobl ds

dfp`rtblt t` boo`w bmmess t` every`le. Bmmess t` the upgbteg dln`rfbtd`l
sh`uog ke bvbdobkoe wdth`ut o`sses `r gevdbtd`ls gue t` n`oo`wdlj `utgbteg
pr`megures `r `perbtd`ls thbt hbve keel gdsmbrgeg `r repobmeg.

2.=.=.5 M`ffuldmbte Yobl

Whe gdstrdkutd`l `n the resp`lsdkdodtdes blg `pp`rtuldtdes fust ke estbkodsheg
wdth`ut exmeptd`ls. Whe m`ffuldmbtd`ls pobl fust gendle the n`oo`wdlj.

Zh`1   Zh`
Zh` fust pern`rf `r dlgdmbte bl bmtdvdty `r dlstrumtd`l t` bmm`fpodsh
ebmh `n the phbses dlv`oveg dl the pr`aemt dl renerelme0

Zhbt1  Whds
 Whds stbtefelt gendles dl getbdo whbt fust
fus t ke exemuteg. Whe getbdos
`l the spemdndmbtd`l w`uog l`t m`lstdtute b odfdt t` the dgebs,
dfpr`vefelts, `r `ther expemtbtd`ls. Whds stbtefelt m`uog m`lstdtute b
wbrrblty `n whbt ds expemteg dl whdmh mbse thbt wbrrblty fust ke
dlgdmbteg.

Zhel1   Whe
Whe `pp`rtuldty t` tbce b febsurefelt, fbce b gemdsd`l `r
pern`rf s`fe `ther bmtd`l ds usubooy geterfdlblt t` rebmhdlj the j`bos.
Whese `pp`rtuldtdes fust ke dlgdmbteg dl the pobl blg dgeltdndeg. Dl thds
fbller, everyk`gy dl the m`rp`rbte m`ffuldty m`uog dgeltdny `pp`rtuldty
blg m`uog m`bmh, supp`rt `r judge the bmtdvdty.

Zhere1  Whe
 Whe pobme blg mdrmufstblme bss`mdbteg wdth whel the bmtd`l fust
ke tbcel ds bos` dfp`rtblt t` l`te s` everyk`gy blg everythdlj fust
n`oo`w dt.

H`w1  Dl
 Dl b syfph`ly, boo the l`tes blg mh`rgs fust s`ulg dl tdfe, blg boo
the dlstrufelts fust ke tuleg blg pern`rfeg pr`peroy t` bv`dg gdst`rtd`l.
Dl `ur mbse, thds blbo`jy m`uog represelt gevdbtd`ls dl m`sts `r o`ss `n
dlterest. ]`, sdfdobr t` m`lgumtdlj b syfph`ly, dt ds dfp`rtblt t` gendle
whbt ds expemteg nr`f everyk`gy, whbt dlstrufelts they requdre, blg the
dltelsdty `n the bmtd`l expemteg.

2.=.=.>  Febsure Yern`rfblme Zeecoy

 Bs we feltd`leg dl prevd`us p`dlts, m`ltdlu`us evboubtd`l `n the pr`mess
pern`rfblme ds lemessbry. Eoemtr`ldm gevdmes blg gbtb m`ooemtd`l systefs wdoo
ke heopnuo t` geveo`p b wby t` retrdeve dln`rfbtd`l nr`f fbly gevdmes blg
use b m`fputer t` pr`gume b rep`rt `l b weecoy kbsds.

Ybje =>
=> `n
 `n 274
274  
 

Whese m`uog ke b krden perd`g dn the pr`mess ds so`w, kut the dln`rfbtd`l
fblbjefelt systefs t`gby m`uog hblgoe sh`rt perd`gs blg weecoy rep`rtdlj
g`es l`t preselt bly pr`koef. Ke sure t` hbve b rep`rt `r rep`rts bvbdobkoe
t` boo tebf fefkers, `r t` b spemdndm jr`up wdth the dln`rfbtd`l `n the
bmtdvdtdes they pern`rfeg.

2.=.=.:  Yr`vdge Zeecoy Neegkbmc

@lme the dln`rfbtd`l ds dl hblg dt ds p`ssdkoe t` jdve neegkbmc t` boo the tebf
fefkers. K`th p`sdtdve blg lejbtdve neegkbmc ds lemessbry t` m`ffuldmbte.

N`oo`wdlj the n`rfuobs n`r lejbtdve neegkbmc, `le sh`uog spemdndmbooy

feltd`l th`se thbt m`uog ke bnnemtdlj the a`k, blg rul thr`ujh b getbdoeg
blboysds t` geterfdle the mbuse `n the nbuots `r sh`rtm`fdljs. Bv`dg pukodm
blboysds blg augjfelt `n the pers`l `r pers`ls wh` bre bnnemtdlj the
pern`rfblme. Whe pukodm bppr`bmh ds cl`wl t` hbve
h bve m`lsequelmes `l
kehbvd`r blg m`uog mrebte bl bgversbry n`r the pr`aemt.

Dl mbse `n j``g lews, rep`rt dt blg dgeltdny cey pers`l `r pers`ls thbt
heopeg bmhdeve the resuot. Bos` m`ffelg bly tebf wdth `utstblgdlj
pern`rfblme thbt wdoo boo`ws the m`fpbly t` bmhdeve mertbdl `kaemtdves. Dn dt
ds m`lsdgereg dl the dlmeltdves blg rem`jldtd`l pobl, use thds weecoy f`felt
t` jdve thef the dlmeltdves. Whds prbmtdme wdoo mbpdtbodze `l dlmeltdves blg
hbve bl `verboo kelendmdbo ennemt `l the pr`aemt.

2.=.=.8  M`ffuldmbte Exefpobry Yern`rfblme

 Bl exmeooelt dlstrufelt `n pr`f`td`l t` heop bmhdeve the j`bos
j`bos ds t` pukodmdze
th`se dfp`rtblt geveo`pfelts blg `utstblgdlj pern`rfblme `n b tebf
fefker `r jr`up `n tebf fefkers.

N`r pukodmdty, use boo the fegdb bvbdobkoe wdthdl the pr`jrbf `r dl the
kr`bger m`rp`rbtd`l t` oet the pe`poe ke rem`jldzeg ky `thers. Boo`w thef t`
ke nebtureg dl m`fputer gbshk`brgs boo br`ulg the m`rp`rbtd`l. Zrdte bl
brtdmoe n`r perd`gdmbo lewsoetters `r fbjbzdle pukodsheg ky the `rjbldzbtd`l.
`rjbl dzbtd`l.
Zrdte b oetter `n rem`jldtd`l, `r jdve bl bwbrg `n s`fethdlj fbterdbo `r
fetboodm thbt hbs keel dlmougeg dl the rem`jldtd`l pr`jrbf `n the
m`rp`rbtd`l.

Ybje =:
=: `n
 `n 274
274  
 

Whds m`uog l`t ke n`r everyk`gy kut dt ds b jo`kbo bmhdevefelt blg wdth
reoevblt resuots n`r the m`rp`rbtd`l. Dt ds lemessbry t` rem`jldze bttdtuges blg
pern`rfblme thbt bre `ver-blg-bk`ve the expemteg kehbvd`r. Dt ds dfp`rtblt
thbt the rem`jldtd`l ds supp`rteg ky rebo resuots.

2.7 @rjbldzbtd`lbo Mhbljes

 Bl `rjbldzbtd`l—s resdstblme t` mhblje leegs t` ke m`ultereg ky
m`ultereg ky oebgershdp t`
dlnouelme blg sustbdl the mhblje. Mhbljes dlmouge the wby thbt fbdltelblme ds
dgeltdndeg, poblleg, exemuteg, trbmceg blg blboyzeg. Geveo`pdlj b mhblje
fblbjefelt pobl ds dfp`rtblt kembuse dt bnnemts the pe`poe wh` g` the w`rc.
Ye`poe hbve b gdnnerelt bkdodty t` mhblje gepelgdlj `l the dfpoefeltbtd`l blg
thedr r`oe bs weoo bs thedr gdverse kbmcjr`ulgs blg pers`lbodty. H`w ebmh
pr`jresses thr`ujh the mhblje pr`mess leegs t` ke cept dl fdlg whel
geveo`pdlj b mhblje fblbjefelt pobl.

2.7.2 M`lmepts
@rjbldzbtd`lbo mhblje ds m`fpoex blg `ntel fdsulgerst``g. Dt mbl edther
pr`peo the fbdltelblme, reodbkdodty `r bsset fblbjefelt pr`jrbf n`rwbrg `r
prevelt dt nr`f kedlj summessnuo. W` elsure the `rjbldzbtd`l pr`jresses
thr`ujh the mhblje murve summessnuooy, b mhblje fblbjefelt pobl ds
requdreg.  
requdreg.

Whe mhblje murve gesmrdkes the n`ur stbjes `n mhblje1 sh`mc3 geldbo, bljer
blg nebr3 bmmeptblme, blg m`ffdtfelt. F`st pe`poe j` thr`ujh these n`ur
stbjes bs they bgaust t` the mhblje. B mhblje pobl dgeltdndes the requdrefelts
blg `lj`dlj bmtdvdtdes requdreg t` bssdst the `rjbldzbtd`l blg dts pe`poe
thr`ujh the murve. Where bre f`geos t` bssdst wdth the mhblje fblbjefelt
pobl blg bmtdvdtdes n`r the `rjbldzbtd`l3 these typdmbooy efkrbme the fdssd`l,
vdsd`l blg strbtejdm pobl `n the `rjbldzbtd`l bs weoo bs murrelt blg nuture
kusdless pr`messes blg r`oes blg resp`lsdkdodtdes. 
resp`lsdkdodtdes.  

Whe mhblje fblbjefelt pobl wdoo bggress, the expemteg mhbljes, oebgers,
blg sp`ls`rs, stbceh`ogers, j`bos blg `kaemtdve `n the mhblje blg b tbmtdmbo
pobl t` dfpoefelt the mhblje whdmh fby dlmouge m`ffuldmbtd`l, trbdldlj, re-
`rjbldzbtd`l, etm. ]ummess dl `rjbldzbtd`lbo mhblje mbl ke bttrdkuteg t` the
w`rcbkdodty `n the mhblje fblbjefelt pobl blg bmtdvdtdes. Mhblje
fblbjefelt g`es l`t hbve t` ke g`le pernemtoy kut b odttoe w`rc j`es b o`lj
wby.

Ybje =8
=8 `n
 `n 274
274  
 

2.7.2.2  [evdew blg Ulgerstblg the Fdssd`l, ^dsd`l blg ]trbtejdm

Yobl
 Bs gesmrdkeg bk`ve (dl ]emtd`l 2.9 `l Kusdless Fblbjefelt) the
`rjbldzbtd`l leegs t` ulgerstblg murrelt blg nuture stbtes ken`re mhblje
mbl `mmur. Ken`re poblldlj n`r `rjbldzbtd`lbo mhblje, the fdssd`l, vdsd`l blg
strbtejdm pobl fust ke revdeweg blg ulgerst``g. 
ulgerst``g.  

2.7.2.;  Geveo`p Nuture Kusdless Yr`mess G`mufeltbtd`l

Whe nuture stbte `n the `rjbldzbtd`l fust ke estbkodsheg n`r the stbnn t`
ulgerstblg the pr`p`seg mhbljes blg h`w sumh mhbljes wdoo bnnemt thef.
Whds nuture stbte dlmouges lew kusdless pr`messes blg `rjbldzbtd`lbo
strumtures bs weoo bs lew r`oes blg resp`lsdkdodtdes. Ebmh `n the pr`messes,
strumtures, blg r`oes sh`uog dlmouge wrdttel expemtbtd`ls, kelendts, blg
pr`p`seg pern`rfblme febsures.

2.7.2.=  Estbkodsh Oebgershdp blg ]p`ls`rs

Mhblje fust ke oeg nr`f the t`p. @rjbldzbtd`lbo mhblje wdoo `loy ke
summessnuo whel nuooy supp`rteg bt the hdjhest oeveos `n the `rjbldzbtd`l. Whe
oebgershdp fby m`fe nr`f b poblt fblbjer dn d n the mhblje `loy bnnemts b
sdljoe sdte, `r b ME@ dn the mhblje bnnemts the eltdre `rjbldzbtd`l. ]p`ls`rs
fust ke estbkodsheg t` pr`vdge supp`rt t` the dlgdvdgubos fblbjdlj blg
dfpoefeltdlj the mhblje.

2.7.2.7  Geterfdle ]tbceh`ogers

@rjbldzbtd`lbo mhblje bnnemts bof`st every`le dl the `rjbldzbtd`l dl `le
wby `r bl`ther. Wheren`re, dt ds vdtbo t` ulgerstblg the dfpbmt `n the mhblje
`l ebmh stbceh`oger, h`w the stbceh`oger wdoo rebmt t` thbt mhblje, blg h`w
h `w
t` bssdst thbt stbceh`oger bo`lj the mhblje murve.

2.7.2.5  Geveo`p b Mhblje Fblbjefelt Yobl

Whe mhblje fblbjefelt pobl wdoo pr`vdge the strbtejdm blg tbmtdmbo bmtdvdtdes
t` bssdst the `rjbldzbtd`l thr`ujh the mhblje blg summessnuooy rebodze the
nuture stbte. Whe mhblje fblbjefelt pobl wdoo dlmouge the dlputs nr`f the
`rjbldzbtd`lbo strbtejy, stbceh`ogers, blg `kaemtdves t` geterfdle the
spemdndm bmtdvdtdes blg fdoest`les `n the `rjbldzbtd`lbo mhblje.

Ybje =4
=4 `n
 `n 274
274  
 

2.7.; W``os
2.7.;  W``os  
Fbly t``os wdoo ke dlv`oveg dl the `rjbldzbtd`lbo mhblje bmtdvdtdes. Ebmh t``os
wdoo ke m`lsdstelt wdth boo `ther t``os, rejbrgoess `n the mhblje fblbjefelt
f`geo.

2.7.;.2  Mhblje F`geo

 B mhblje f`geo ds b t``o thbt wdoo pr`vdge judgblme `l h`w `rjbldzbtd`lbo
mhblje sh`uog ke prepbreg, dfpoefelteg, blg sustbdleg. Ebmh f`geo
dlmouges b set `n t``os blg vbrd`us bppr`bmhes t` bssdst the stbnn thr`ujh the
mhblje murve. Fuotdpoe f`geos bre bvbdobkoe, blg ebmh hbs dts `wl
bgvbltbjes blg gdsbgvbltbjes. ]`fe `n the f`st m`ff`l bre f`geos ky
Yr`smd, BGCB[, C`tter, Oewdl, blg Kemchbrg blg Hbrrds.

2.7.;.;  Mhblje Yobl

Whe mhblje pobl pr`vdges the expemtbtd`ls, bmtdvdtdes, blg res`urmes t`
dfpoefelt the mhblje. Whe mhblje pobl wdoo typdmbooy dlmouge the n`oo`wdlj.

Whe rebs`ls n`r the mhblje3

Wype blg sm`pe `n mhblje3
]tbceh`oger blboysds, supp`rt blg fblbjefelt bmtdvdtdes3
Mhblje fblbjefelt tebf3
Oebgershdp blg sp`ls`r supp`rt3
 B m`ffuldmbtd`l pobl3
 B feth`g t` trbmc the bg`ptd`l `n
`n the mhblje3 blg
H`w kbrrders t` bg`ptd`l wdoo ke bggresseg.

2.7.;.=  Yern`rfblme @kaemtdves

Yern`rfblme `kaemtdves (CYDs) bre lemessbry t` ulgerstblg the bg`ptd`l `n
the `rjbldzbtd`lbo mhblje blg the supp`rt `n dlgdvdgubos blg kusdless uldts
dl the mhblje. Yern`rfblme `kaemtdves sh`uog ke wrdttel bmm`rgdlj t` the
]FB[W nrbfew`rc. Bos`, whel seoemtdlj the pern`rfblme `kaemtdves, the
`kaemtdves sh`uog ke kboblmeg t` elsure dlbgvertelt kehbvd`r ds l`t trdjjereg
ky n`musdlj `l b sdljoe `kaemtdve. Bos` the pern`rfblme `kaemtdves sh`uog ke
b fdx `n oebgdlj blg objjdlj dlgdmbt`rs t` elsure the `rjbldzbtd`l mhblje ds
`mmurrdlj bs poblleg.

Ybje 79
79 `n
 `n 274
274  
 

2.7.;.7  ]m`rembrgs
]m`rembrgs vdsubooy gdspoby the pern`rfblme `kaemtdves n`r bl `rjbldzbtd`l.
Whe pern`rfblme `kaemtdves bre usubooy gdspobyeg t` renoemt n`ur cey brebs `n
kusdless1 Ndlblmdbo, Must`fer, Dlterlbo Kusdless Yr`mess, blg Oebrldlj &
Jr`wth. B sm`rembrg thbt dlmouges these n`ur brebs ds cl`wl bs b kboblmeg
sm`rembrg.

2.7.;.5   Bugdts
 Bugdts bre systefbtdm blg dlgepelgelt exbfdlbtd`l `n b pr`mess, rem`rg,
g`mufelts, etm. Bl bugdt ds useg t` ulgerstblg h`w weoo the seoemteg
mhblje fblbjefelt f`geo hbs keel n`oo`weg blg h`w weoo the mhblje hbs
keel bg`pteg. Whds t``o boo`ws `rjbldzbtd`ls t` oebrl nr`f the mhblje
fblbjefelt pr`mess blg dfpr`ve dt n`r nuture mhbljes.

2.7.;.>  ]tbceh`ogers Blboysds

]tbceh`oger Blboysds ds b t``o useg t` dgeltdny the stbceh`ogers `n the
mhblje, thedr murrelt p`sdtd`l `l the mhblje blg whbt fust
fus t ke g`le t`
krdlj the stbceh`ogers bo`lj wdth the mhblje. Whds t``o elsures thbt the
stbceh`ogers g` l`t kem`fe ko`mcers `n the mhblje.

2.7.;.:  Dlmeltdves
Dlmeltdves bre wbys t` f`tdvbte pe`poe t` bg`pt the mhblje. Dlmeltdves mbl
m`fe dl fbly n`rfs, sumh bs f`letbry, rem`jldtd`l, meoekrbtd`ls, etm.
Wypdmbooy, dlmeltdves bre useg t` rewbrg th`se wh` bmhdeveg b spemdndm
fdoest`le `r pern`rfblme `kaemtdve reobteg t` the mhblje.

2.7.;.8  M`ffuldmbtd`l Yobl

M`ffuldmbtd`l pobls bre t``os thbt dgeltdny whbt dln`rfbtd`l fust ke
m`ffuldmbteg, t` wh`f, whel dt fust ke m`ffuldmbteg blg h`w dt wdoo ke
m`ffuldmbteg. B m`ffuldmbtd`l pobl pobys b mrdtdmbo r`oe dl the kudogdlj
bwbreless blg gesdre dl the stbceh`ogers3 blg dl krdljdlj the fba`rdty `n the
stbnn thr`ujh the mhblje murve. Nurther dln`rfbtd`l `l m`ffuldmbtd`l mbl
ke n`ulg bk`ve dl ]emtd`l 2.5 `l M`ffuldmbte wdth ]tbceh`ogers.

2.7.;.4   ^dsd`l blg ]trbtejy

Whe ^dsd`l l`t `loy gendles y`ur `rjbldzbtd`l's purp`se (thbt ds, the purp`se
`n the mhblje) kut bos` n`muses `l dts j`bos blg bspdrbtd`ls. Whese
stbtefelts bre gesdjleg t` ke upodntdlj blg dlspdrdlj, t` mrebte bwbreless
blg gesdre n`r the mhblje.

Ybje 72
72 `n
 `n 274
274  
 

2.7.= Yr`messes
2.7.=  Yr`messes  
Where bre fbly mhblje f`geos bvbdobkoe, kut they boo n`oo`w the sbfe pr`mess
wdth the sbfe steps. Odsteg keo`w bre the cey bmtdvdtdes blg jelerdm pr`messes
n`r mhblje fblbjefelt.

2.7.=.2  Mrebte Urjelmy

N`r the ebroy bg`pters t` efkrbme the mhblje blg krdlj the fba`rdty bo`lj
the mhblje murve, there leegs t` ke bl urjelt leeg n`r mhblje. Whds urjelt
leeg n`r mhblje mbl m`fe nr`f dlterlbo `r exterlbo threbts t` the
`rjbldzbtd`l `r dlterlbo `r exterlbo `pp`rtuldtdes t` ke mbpdtbodzeg `l.

2.7.=.;  Wrbdl `l J`bos

Whe stbceh`ogers leeg t` nuooy ulgerstblg the mhblje. Whey leeg t` see
h`w dt wdoo bnnemt thedr r`oe `r nulmtd`l blg ulgerstblg
ul gerstblg the j`bos bss`mdbteg
the mhblje. Zdth`ut thds judgdlj gdremtd`l, the st stbceh`ogers
bceh`ogers wdoo w`rry bk`ut
the mhblje blg l`t rebgdoy bg`pt `r supp`rt the mhblje.

2.7.=.=  Mrebte the ^dsd`l

Whe sp`ls`r, stbceh`ogers blg mhblje fblbjer leeg t` mrebte b m`fpeoodlj
vdsd`l t` ennemtdveoy m`ffuldmbte the leeg n`r the mhblje. Whds vdsd`l wdoo
pr`vdge the stbnn wdth mobrdty `l why the mhblje ds leegeg. Dt wdoo l`t `loy
mrebte bwbreless `n the mhblje kut bos` wdoo n`mus the tebf `l the elg j`bo.

2.7.=.7  M`ffuldmbte the ^dsd`l

M`ffuldmbtdlj the vdsd`l fust ke g`le nrequeltoy bmr`ss fuotdpoe fegdb.
Whe m`ffuldmbtd`l pobl wdoo presmrdke exbmtoy whbt ds requdreg, kut the
mhblje blg leeg n`r dt sh`uog ke m`ffuldmbteg `ntel ky boo oeveos `n the
`rjbldzbtd`l.

2.7.=.5  [ef`ve @kstbmoes

@kstbmoes wdoo brdse qudmcoy bt boo oeveos `n the `rjbldzbtd`l. Webf fefkers,
tebf oebgers, blg fblbjers fust ke efp`wereg t` w`rc thr`ujh blg bl g
ref`ve the `kstbmoes preveltdlj the mhblje. Dn the o`mbo tebf ds ulbkoe t`
res`ove the sdtubtd`l thel fblbjers blg seld`r oebgers fust ke prepbreg t`
step dl blg ref`ve the `kstbmoe qudmcoy. Dn the `kstbmoes odljer t`` o`lj thel
the mhblje ds bt rdsc `n stboodlj blg nbdodlj.

Ybje 7;
7; `n
 `n 274
274  
 

2.7.=.> Mrebte ]h`rt-terf Zdls 

2.7.=.> 
Hbvdlj stbnn bg`pt the mhblje blg f`ve bo`lj the mhblje murve qudmcoy
requdres b selse `n bmm`fpodshfelt blg summess.
s ummess. W` ceep stbnn f`tdvbteg
blg n`museg, use b serdes `n sh`rt-terf
s h`rt-terf j`bos thbt oebg up t` the `verboo
j`bos `n the mhblje. @lme the tebf bmhdeves the sh`rt-terf j`bos, meoekrbte.
[ewbrg blg rem`jldze the tebf n`r thedr summess. Every`le wblts t` ke `l b
wdlldlj tebf, s` mrebte wdlldlj tebfs t` krdlj f`re pe`poe bo`lj the
mhblje murve.

2.7.=.:  Efkeg the Mhblje

 Bs the mhblje pr`jresses, there wdoo ke oess n`mus `l dt. W` sustbdl the
mhblje bnter the dldtdbo exmdtefelt blg obulmh, efkeg the lew wbys `n
w`rcdlj dlt` the
the gbdoy r`utdles `
`nn the stbnn. Dfpoefelt r`utdle mhemcs blg
kboblmes, rewrdte the exdstdlj pr`messes blg pr`megures t` dlm`rp`rbte the
mhbljes. Whe lew kehbvd`rs hbve t` ke efkeggeg dlt` the stbnn—s gbdoy
r`utdles. @therwdse the mhblje fby j` kbmcwbrgs blg nbdo.

2.7.=.8  M`lgumt Bugdts `n the Yr`mess

 B wby t` elsure the mhbljes hbve keel efkeggeg ds t` r`utdleoy bugdt blg
mhemc thbt the lew pr`messes bre kedlj n`oo`weg. Whds bugdt mbl ke
m`lgumteg r`utdleoy ky the tebf oebger blg odle fblbjer bs pbrt `n thedr
stblgbrg w`rc (whdmh heops t` efkeg the mhblje). Bos`,
Bos `, bugdts mbl ke
m`lgumteg ky `ther fefkers `n the tebf t` elsure m`fpodblme wdth the
pr`mess. Whese bugdts sh`uog l`t ke puldtdve. [bther they mbl bmt bs bl
`pp`rtuldty t` dgeltdny jbps dl the mhblje fblbjefelt pr`mess3 blg they
mbl dfpr`ve the m`bmhdlj blg trbdldlj pr`mess.

2.7.=.4  M`ffuldmbte [esuots t` Oebgershdp Yerd`gdmbooy

W` fbdltbdl nuoo supp`rt t` see the mhblje thr`ujh t` nuoo bg`ptd`l, the
seld`r oebgershdp tebf fust ke cept dl the o``p. [ejuobr m`ffuldmbtd`l
fust dlmouge bmtubo versus poblleg `kaemtdves, whbt kbrrders leeg t` ke
`verm`fe, blg pobls t` mo`se the jbps ketweel bmtubo blg poblleg
po blleg
`kaemtdves.

2.7.=.29  [edln`rme J``g Kehbvd`rs

]dfdobr t` the step ‟Mrebte sh`rt terf wdls,‖  the
 the j`bo here ds t` redln`rme the
j``g kehbvd`rs thr`ujh dlmeltdves blg rem`jldtd`l.

Ybje 7=
7= `n
 `n 274
274  
 

2.7.=.22  Wrbmc Yern`rfblme

Whe pern`rfblme `kaemtdves fust ke trbmceg, revdeweg r`utdleoy blg ke
reoevblt t` the `rjbldzbtd`l `kaemtdves. Bly jbps nr`f bmtubo t` poblleg
fust ke bggresseg blg bmtd`ls put dlt` pobme t` mo`se the jbps.

2.7.=.2;  [evdse Yobl Yerd`gdmbooy

L` mhblje ds truoy ever m`fpoete. @lme the mhblje ds efkeggeg, the
pr`messes fust ke mhemceg t` elsure the mhblje m`ltdlues. Bly jbps
ketweel bmtubo blg expemteg resuots sh`uog ke revdeweg, blg b pobl fust
fus t ke
dfpoefelteg t` mo`se th`se jbps. Whds bmtdvdty fby ke kudot dlt` the r`utdle
poblldlj bmtdvdtdes `n the `rjbldzbtd`l.

2.5 M`ffuldmbtd`l wdth ]tbceh`ogers

Fbdltelblme blg [eodbkdodty oebgers sh`uog ke mbpbkoe `n mrebtdlj blg exemutdlj
b m`fprehelsdve m`ffuldmbtd`l pobl t` bmhdeve `rjbldzbtd`lbo kusdless j`bos.
Whe pobl dlmouges bppr`prdbte m`ffuldmbtd`l wdth boo stbceh`ogers blg
rem`jldzes the bugdelmes n`r the vbrd`us dltelgeg fessbjes. W` elsure the
eljbjefelt `n the stbceh`ogers, bl ennemtdve m`ffuldmbtd`l pobl pr`vdges
feth`gs `n shbrdlj dln`rfbtd`l, remedvdlj neegkbmc
n eegkbmc blg pr`vdgdlj dlput t`
gemdsd`l-fbcdlj pr`messes. Fuotdpoe m`ffuldmbtd`l bppr`bmhes blg feth`gs
sh`uog ke useg blg the bgvbltbjes blg odfdtbtd`ls `n ebmh sh`uog ke
ulgerst``g.

2.5.2 M`lmepts
Zhy m`ffuldmbte0 
m`ffuldmbte0 ]dfpoy put, m`ffuldmbtd`l ds expressd`l. Ze ebmh hbve b
uldque wby `n thdlcdlj helme bos` b uldque wby `n permedvdlj thdljs. Dl the
ndeog `n fbdltelblme blg reodbkdodty, dt ds dfp`rtblt t` m`ffuldmbte dlputs blg
experdelme bs weoo bs dlgdvdgubo dgebs thbt m`uog heop s`ove mrumdbo rebo-w`rog
pr`koefs.  
pr`koefs.
M`ffuldmbtd`l pr`messes dlmouge h`w g` pe`poe selg blg remedve
m`ffuldmbtd`ls blg h`w m`ffuldmbtd`ls bre bnnemteg ky l`dse, elvdr`lfelt,
ndoterdlj, blg experdelme.

Ye`poe m`ffuldmbte thr`ujh gdnnerelt fegdufs sumh bs spebcdlj, wrdtdlj,

vdsubo sdjls etm. N`mus ds the cey eoefelt dl bly s`urme `n m`ffuldmbtd`l3
`therwdse dt ds m`lsdgereg l`dse. Zhel we tboc, n`mus `l the m`ffuldmbt`r `r
the spebcer—s v`dme3 `therwdse thds v`dme m`uog ke o`st dl the l`dse
l`ds e nr`f the
elvdr`lfelt, sumh bs trbnndm, `ther v`dmes, fusdm etm.

Ybje 77
77 `n
 `n 274
274  
 

Dl the ndeog `n F & [, m`ffuldmbte ennemtdveoy s` the sukaemt ds ulgerst``g

m`fpoeteoy blg l` m`lnusd`l refbdls. Dlennemtdve m`ffuldmbtd`l `r
fdsm`ffuldmbtd`l oebgs t` ullemessbry `r nutdoe bmtdvdtdes thbt bgg t` the
expelse `n the `rjbldzbtd`l. N`r exbfpoe. b supervds`r ds gdremteg t` repobme
f`t`r X o`mbteg dl breb Q. Up`l brrdvdlj bt the pobme, he ndlgs tw` dgeltdmbo
f`t`rs o`mbteg dl the breb wdth l` tbjjdlj. Zhbt wdoo he g`0 Where ds b 59
permelt pr`kbkdodty thbt he wdoo repobme the pr`peroy nulmtd`ldlj f`t`r whdmh
w`uog l`t `loy bgg t` the expelse `n the `rjbldzbtd`l kut w`uog bos` put the
pr`mess bt rdsc.

]umh exbfpoes mbl ke n`ulg dl severbo `rjbldzbtd`ls, pr`vdlj thbt ennemtdve

m`ffuldmbtd`l ds lemessbry n`r bl enndmdelt F & [ pr`jrbf.  

2.5.2.2 M`ffuldmbtd`l W``os 

W``os 
M`ffuldmbtd`l mbl ke g`le wdth the n`oo`wdlj t``os. H`wever, the kest
febls w`uog ke b m`fkdlbtd`l `n vdsubo, wrdttel, blg bugd`. Ebmh `n these
hbs pr`s blg m`ls.

N`r vdsubo m`ffuldmbtd`ls, pr`s dlmouge the n`oo`wdlj.

Ennemtdve dl geodverdlj
Oess tdfe m`lsufdlj thbl wrdttel gdremtd`ls
M`lmdse blg spbme sbvdlj

N`r vdsubo m`ffuldmbtd`ls, m`ls dlmouge the n`oo`wdlj.

Odfdteg spbme
Where fby ke b pr`koef `n stblgbrgdzbtd`l bmr`ss fuotdpoe gdsmdpodles
M`st m`lsufdlj

N`r wrdttel m`ffuldmbtd`ls, pr`s dlmouge the n`oo`wdlj.

Enndmdelt wby `n expobdldlj
[ebgdoy bvbdobkoe dln`rfbtd`l dl mbse s`fe`le n`rjets
Wrbmebkoe t` the s`urme blg the bmtubo w`rgs m`ffuldmbteg

N`r wrdttel m`ffuldmbtd`ls, m`ls dlmouge the n`oo`wdlj.

Wdfe m`lsufdlj enn`rt requdreg t` rebg
Ullemessbry getbdodlj ds bos` `le `n the grbwkbmcs `n wrdttel
m`ffuldmbtd`l
Obmc `n nbme t` nbme dlternbme s` thbt the rebger w`l—t cl`w ennemtdveoy
whdmh p`dlt ds efphbsdzeg

Ybje 75
75 `n
 `n 274
274  
 

N`r bugd` `r `rbo m`ffuldmbtd`ls, pr`s dlmouge the n`oo`wdlj.

]dfpoe blg Rudmc
Rudmc resp`lse

N`r bugd` `r `rbo m`ffuldmbtd`ls, m`ls dlmouge the n`oo`wdlj.

Ebsdoy n`rjettbkoe
Kunner mbl mbuse fdsm`ffuldmbtd`l
[eobtdveoy hbrger t` ulgerstblg thbl pdmt`rdbo vdews
Mbl ke ebsdoy mhbljeg

2.5.2.; M`ffuldmbtd`l Yobl Yobl  

Evel th`ujh thds K`gy `n Cl`woegje ds tbrjeteg t`wbrgs F&[,
m`ffuldmbtd`l ds uldversbo dl bppodes t` boo gdsmdpodles blg evel `ur gbdoy odne.
@le mbll`t stress el`ujh the dfp`rtblme `n pr`per m`ffuldmbtd`l.

 Bl ennemtdve m`ffuldmbtd`l pobl m`ltbdls three eoefelts1 ]elger, [emedver

blg Fessbje. Ceep dl fdlg ds thbt bly fessbje sh`uog m`ltbdl el`ujh
getbdo s` the remedver dlterprets the fessbje bmm`rgdlj t` the sbtdsnbmtd`l `n
selger. H`wever, dt sh`uog l`t ke `veroy getbdoeg wdth the resuot thbt the
remedver spelgs exmessdve tdfe ulgerstblgdlj dt.

2.5.; W``os

2.5.;.2 ^dsubo
 ^dsubo m`ffuldmbtd`l dlv`oves the use `n pdmt`rdbos blg syfk`os t`
m`ffuldmbte. B m`ff`l exbfpoe w`uog ke the use `n no`wmhbrts,
stblgbrgdzeg sdjls etm. Bl`ther feth`g ds the use `n vdge`s blg `ther gdjdtbo
fegdb t` m`ffuldmbte wdth the remedver.

2.5.;.; Zrdttel
Zrdttel m`ffuldmbtd`l ds ky nbr `le `n the f`st m`ff`l febls `n
m`ffuldmbtdlj. Dt ds gesmrdptdve dl lbture blg dlv`oves
dlv `oves the use `n wrdttel
w`rgs. M`ff`l exbfpoes dlmouge efbdos, k``cs, fef`s etm. Whese bre
expoblbt`ry dl lbture blg pr`vdge b febls `n trbmebkdodty.

2.5.;.= ^erkbo blg Bugd` 

Bugd`  
Whe ebsdest t` use blg f`st nrequeltoy useg m`ffuldmbtd`ls bre verkbo.
Whey dlv`oves the use `n w`rgs bs b febl `n shbrdlj th`ujhts, dgebs, blg
jelerbo spebcdlj. M`ff`l exbfpoes w`uog ke nbme-t`-nbme m`lversbtd`l bs
weoo bs ph`le m`lversbtd`ls.

Ybje 7>
7> `n
 `n 274
274  
 

2.5.;.7 Hykrdg 
Hykrdg 
 B fdxture `n bk`ve-feltd`leg t``os `n m`ffuldmbtd`l ds mbooeg hykrdg. ]umh
mbl ke useg t` `ktbdl the kelendts `n boo the t``os blg m`ffuldmbte f`st
ennemtdveoy.

2.5.= Yr`messes
Dgeltdny stbceh`ogers
Dgeltdny fessbje n`r stbceh`ogers
Dgeltdny supp`rt n`r fessbje
Dgeltdny feth`gs t` rebmh stbceh`ogers ennemtdveoy
Yern`rf m`ffuldmbtd`ls
Evboubte ennemtdveless

@le `n the f`st dfp`rtblt tbscs n`r bly`le dl the F&[ ds t` dgeltdny cey
pers`lleo wh` mbl bnnemt `r bre bnnemteg ky thedr bmtdvdtdes. Whese
stbceh`ogers hbve t` ke sbtdsndeg `r bt oebst cept weoo dln`rfeg `n the bmtd`ls
thbt mbl bnnemt thef. Whey dlmouge pers`lleo nr`f `perbtd`ls, fbdltelblme,
fbdltel blme,
sbnety etm. blg usubooy dlv`ove seld`r-t`-fdggoe fblbjefelt bs they bre f`st
odceoy t` edther mbuse gdsruptd`l `r supp`rt y`ur bmtd`ls.

@lme the stbceh`ogers bre dgeltdndeg, they sh`uog ke pr`vdgeg wdth b m`lmdse
fessbje thbt ds ebsdoy ulgerstblgbkoe. Whe fessbje sh`uog m`ltbdl el`ujh
o`jdm blg getbdo s` there ds l` mhblme `n fdsulgerstblgdlj.

Fef`s blg dlterlbo efbdos bre bl ennemtdve febls `n m`ffuldmbtd`l. @lme

the efbdo `r fef` hbs keel rebg, dt fby ke b j``g dgeb t` n`oo`w up ky
ph`le `r dl-pers`l t` m`lndrf thbt the fessbje hbs keel remedveg blg
ulgerst``g moebroy. Whe ennemtdveless `n b m`ffuldmbtd`l mbl ke febsureg
febsu reg ky
h`w fbly tdfes the fessbje wbs geodvereg, whbt the resp`lse wbs t` the
fessbje blg whbt bmtd`ls were tbcel `l dt.

Ybje 7:
7: `n
 `n 274
274  
 

Ydoobr 2 Fetrdms Bppelgdx

W` bmmess blg g`wlo`bg the ]F[Y Kest Yrbmtdmes > th Egdtd`l, poebse j` t`
www.sfrp.`rj.  
www.sfrp.`rj.

Fetrdm 2.2 [btd` `n [epobmefelt Bsset ^boue ([B^) t` Mrbnt-Zbje Hebgm`ult

Fetrdm 2.= Fbdltelblme Uldt M`st
Fetrdm 2.7 ]t`mceg Fbdltelblme, [epbdr Blg @perbtdlj Fbterdbos (Fr`)
Dlvelt`ry ^boue Bs B Yermelt @n [epobmefelt Bsset ^boue ([bv)
Fetrdm 2.5 W`tbo Fbdltelblme M`st Bs B Yermelt @n [epobmefelt Bsset ^boue
([bv)

Ybje 78
78 `n
 `n 274
274  
 

F&[ K`gy `n Cl`woegje

@vervdew `n ;.9 Fblunbmturdlj Yr`mess

[eodbkdodty

Ybje 74
74 `n
 `n 274
274  
 

;.9 Fblunbmturdlj Yr`mess [eodbkdod

[eodbkdodty
ty 
;.2 @perbtdlj Yr`megures
Whds sukaemt breb reobtes fbdltelblme blg reodbkdodty bmtdvdtdes t` the
fblunbmturdlj `r pr`gumtd`l pr`mess `n the `rjbldzbtd`l, t` elsure thbt
fbdltelblme blg reodbkdodty bmtdvdtdes dfpr`ve the fblunbmturdlj `r pr`gumtd`l
pr`mess.

Whds sukaemt requdres bl ulgerstblgdlj `n bppodmbkoe pr`messes1 g`mufelt

pr`mess no`w, pr`mess pbrbfeters, qubodty spemdndmbtd`ls, pr`mess rdsc blg
`perbtdlj pr`megures.

 B m`fpoete ulgerstblgdlj `n pr`messes thbt dlnouelme the pern`rfblme blg

sbnety bmr`ss boo gdsmdpodles blg bt boo oeveos `n the `rjbldzbtd`l mbl pr`vdge
trefelg`us kelendt. Whe bkdodty t` rebmt bppr`prdbteoy t` mhbljdlj m`lgdtd`ls dl
the pr`mess boo`ws n`r rebo-tdfe pr`mess m`ltr`o blg `ptdfdzbtd`l.
`ptdfdzbtd`l . Whds bkdodty t`
rebmt t` mhblje bppodes l`t `loy t` `le—s gdremt nulmtd`l kut bos` t` dts ennemts
`l the t`tbo pr`mess.

Yr`mess ulgerstblgdlj dlmouges h`w t` stbrt up, `perbte, shut g`wl, blboyze
blg tr`ukoesh``t3 blg dt bos` dlmouges feth`gs n`r m`ffuldmbtdlj blg
g`mufeltdlj m`ltdlu`us dfpr`vefelt bmtdvdtdes dl `perbtd`ls, fbdltelblme,
qubodty blg sbnety. Moebroy gendleg the stblgbrg `perbtdlj pr`megures blg no`w
gdbjrbfs `n pr`messes bre heopnuo t``os dl m`ffuldmbtdlj blg g`mufeltdlj the
gesdreg pr`mess pern`rfblme.

;.2.2 M`lmepts

;.2.2.2 Yobl blg Evboubte the Yr`mess

Zhel geveo`pdlj `r revdsdlj b lew pr`mess, mbre sh`uog ke tbcel t` geveo`p
b odst `n thdljs thbt m`uog j` wr`lj. Zhel evboubtdlj b murrelt pr`mess,
blboysds `n the pr`mess ds odfdteg t` the murrelt m`lgdtd`l, dldtdbo gesdjl
bttrdkutes, blg nobws.

Yerd`gdm evboubtd`l `n boo pr`messes ds b kest prbmtdme. ]everbo nbmt`rs mbl

mhblje the ennemtdveless `n b pr`mess `ver tdfe.

Ybje 59
59 `n
 `n 274
274  
 

Ebmh pr`mess evboubtd`l fust dlmouge permeptd`ls (nbv`rbkoe blg

ulnbv`rbkoe) blg dltervdews nr`f ebmh gepbrtfelt `r jr`up thbt supp`rts
su pp`rts `r
dlterbmts wdth the pr`mess. Whe permeptd`ls v`dmeg vdb the dltervdews p`dlt t`
gendmdelmdes dl the pr`mess. G`mufeltdlj pr`mess gendmdelmdes wdoo elsure b
moebr ulgerstblgdlj `n `pp`rtuldtdes n`r dfpr`vefelt.

 B g`mufelteg rdsc dgeltdndmbtd`l pr`megure sh`uog ke geveo`peg blg

dfpoefelteg blg thel useg t` bssess pr`mess-reobteg rdsc. Dl turl, thds
pr`megure wdoo oebg t` the geveo`pfelt `n lemessbry m`ltr`o febsures blg
f`gdndmbtd`l `n the pr`mess wdth rdsc fdtdjbtd`l febsures.

;.2.2.; Bg`pt b Yr`mess F`ldt`rdlj Yrbmtdme

[ejbrgoess `n whdmh pr`mess-f`ldt`rdlj pr`jrbf ds bg`pteg, the kest wby t`
elsure dts summess ds t` eodmdt pbrtdmdpbtd`l nr`f ebmh gepbrtfelt `r jr`up
dlv`oveg dl `r bnnemteg ky dts exemutd`l. Dn pr`mess-f`ldt`rdlj pr`jrbfs bre
borebgy dl pobme thel evboubte the ennemtdveless `n th`se pr`jrbfs. Dn the
pr`jrbfs bre l`t feetdlj `rjbldzbtd`lbo j`bos `r `kaemtdves, fbce
bgaustfelts t` dfpr`ve.

Hdst`rdmbo pr`mess dln`rfbtd`l, dlmougdlj summesses blg nbdoures sh`uog ke

tbcel dlt` bmm`ult dl the geveo`pfelt `n b fblunbmturdlj
fblu nbmturdlj pr`mess. Yr`mess
seoemtd`l blg geveo`pfelt requdres mbrenuo m`lsdgerbtd`l. Bv`dg geveo`pdlj
pr`messes thbt wdoo requdre dffegdbte `r nrequelt mhbljes. M`lstbltoy
mhbljdlj pr`messes ds getrdfeltbo t` the `verboo summess `n the pr`jrbf.

;.2.2.= Fbdltbdl M`lsdstelt Gbtb M`ooemtd`l

M`lsdsteltoy bmmurbte blg tdfeoy gbtb m`ooemtd`l ds the f`st gdnndmuot mhbooelje
nbmdlj reodbkdodty pr`jrbfs. Dlm`rremt `r fdssdlj gbtb mbl mbuse p``r gemdsd`l
fbcdlj thbt oebgs t` errblt pr`jrbf gdremtd`l. Gbtb m`ooemtd`l fust ke kbseg
`l g`mufelteg gbtb stblgbrgs. Whese gbtb stblgbrgs sh`uog n`oo`w dlgustry
stblgbrgs where bppodmbkoe dl `rger elbkoe kelmhfbrcdlj bmr`ss dlgustry.
 Bmmurbmy sh`uog ke efphbsdzeg `ver qubltdty. Gbtb m`ltr`o sh`uog ke
dljrbdleg dl the muoture bt nbmdodtdes wdth bly cdlg `n reodbkdodty pr`jrbf blg dt
sh`uog ke supp`rteg bt boo oeveos `n bl `rjbldzbtd`l. Gbtb bmmurbmy sh`uog
lever ke the resp`lsdkdodty `n `le pers`l. Every`le thbt dlterbmts wdth the
pr`mess sh`uog pr`vdge moebr, m`fpoete, blg bmmurbte gbtb dl the pr`per
n`rfbt.

Ybje 52
52 `n
 `n 274
274  
 

;.2.2.7 Gbtb Blboysds

 Blboysds `n the m`ooemteg gbtb ds lemessbry t` fbdltbdl ennemtdve pr`messes.
[bw gbtb m`ooemtd`l ds `n l` use wdth`ut blboysds t` gdsm`ver `pp`rtuldtdes n`r
dfpr`vefelt. ]everbo feth`gs n`r blboyzdlj gbtb bre bvbdobkoe dl the
dlgustrdbo sphere. Geterfdle whdmh feth`g `n gbtb blboysds w`uog kest
pr`f`te the `rjbldzbtd`lbo j`bos.

;.2.; W``os

;.2.;.2 Yr`mess No`w Mhbrt

Fumh mbl ke bmm`fpodsheg ky b ‟Yr`mess No`w Mhbrt,‖ sdfpoy gendleg bs b
vdsubo represeltbtd`l `n the steps dl b pr`mess. ]yl`lyfs bre ‟Yr`mess
Fbppdlj‖ blg ‟No`w Gdbjrbfs.‖  

Whe m`lstrumtd`l `n b pr`mess no`w mhbrt sh`uog ke `le `n the ndrst bmtdvdtdes
`n pr`mess dfpr`vefelt. Yr`mess no`w mhbrtdlj `nners severbo kelendts n`r the
`rjbldzbtd`l. Dt heops elg-users ulgerstblg the pr`mess. Dt heops dgeltdny
wbste dl the `perbtd`l bs weoo bs k`ttoelemcs. ]dlme pr`mess no`w mhbrtdlj ds
b jr`up enn`rt, dt pr`f`tes tebfw`rc blg m`ffuldmbtd`l whdoe ceepdlj
m`ltrdkut`rs `l the sbfe pbje.

M`lstrumtdlj b pr`mess no`w mhbrt kbseg up`l the steps `n b pr`mess ds bl

ebsy blg enndmdelt wby t` ulgerstblg the pr`mess. Whe mhbrt sh`uog ke useg
ebroy `l dl bly pr`mess dfpr`vefelt bmtdvdty. Kelendts bre dgeltdnydlj wbsteg
steps blg hdjhodjhtdlj k`ttoelemcs. Dt bos` hbs uses n`r trbdldlj. Zhel
m`lstrumtdlj pr`mess no`w mhbrts boo gepbrtfelts bnnemteg ky the pr`mess
sh`uog m`ltrdkute t` elsure boo steps bre m`vereg bmmurbteoy.

;.2.;.; ]tbtdstdmbo Yr`mess M`ltr`o (]YM)

]tbtdstdmbo Yr`mess M`ltr`o (]YM) ds useg prdfbrdoy bs b qubodty m`ltr`o t``o.
]YM uses stbtdstdmbo feth`gs t` ulgerstblg pr`mess pbrbfeters. ]`ntwbre
pr`jrbfs pr`vdge ennemtdve pr`mess gbtb-p`dlt febsurdlj blg f`ldt`rdlj bs
weoo bs gbtb dlterpretbtd`l blg, uotdfbteoy, pr`mess m`ltr`o. B pr`mess thbt ds
dl m`ltr`o wdoo ydeog the jrebtest kelendt ky eodfdlbtdlj err`rs, fdldfdzdlj
wbste, blg dlmrebsdlj thr`ujhput blg pregdmteg m`lsdstelmy `n the pr`mess.

Ybje 5;
5; `n
 `n 274
274  
 

;.2.;.= Ulgerstblgdlj Yr`mess Ybrbfeters (^brdbkoes)

 B pr`mess vbrdbkoe sh`uog ke febsureg blg f`ldt`reg m`lstbltoy t`
geterfdle dn the pr`mess ds `perbtdlj wdthdl the m`ltr`o kblg gendleg ky the
@EF. Yr`mess vbrdbkoes mbl ke tefperbture, pressure, no`w, pH, gelsdty,
turkdgdty, mhefdmbo m`fp`sdtd`l, blg s` `l. Yr`messes bre `ptdfdzeg ky
`perbtdlj pr`mess vbrdbkoes bt b set-p`dlt blg rejuobtdlj the pr`per
nulmtd`ldlj `n pr`mess eoefelts blg `perbtd`ls.

Yr`mess pbrbfeters  bre
 bre bl esseltdbo pbrt `n pr`mess fblbjefelt, blg
extrefeoy dfp`rtblt dl m`ltr`oodlj b pr`mess. Wheren`re, pr`mess pbrbfeters
leeg t` ke m`ltdlu`usoy blg bmmurbteoy febsureg blg f`ldt`reg thr`ujh`ut
b pr`mess rul.

Yr`mess pbrbfeters fbdltbdl the pr`mess enndmdelmy blg fby ke m`ltr`ooeg

wdth b heop `n temhl`o`jdmbo sels`rs f`ulteg bt mrdtdmbo brebs `n b pr`mess,
bo`lj wdth dfpoefeltbtd`l `n spemdbo feth`gs blg equdpfelt t` bgaust
thef.

Dn b pbrbfeter gevdbtes nr`f dts set-p`dlt (j`es key`lg the bmmeptbkoe oeveo
`n vbrdblme), the r``t mbuse mbl ke gue t` bl but`fbteg pr`mess m`ltr`ooer
nbdoure `r p`ssdkoy bl equdpfelt nbdoure. W` rest`re the pr`mess t` b
m`ltr`ooeg stbte, `perbt`r dlterveltd`l ds rem`ffelgeg. Whe `perbt`r sh`uog
evboubte the pr`mess, geterfdle whbt mbuseg the pr`mess t` gevdbte `utsdge
`n the m`ltr`o kblg. He sh`uog thel thel tbce bppr`prdbte bmtd`l t` `verrdge
nbdoeg but`fbteg m`ltr`os blg stbkdodze the pr`mess t` prevelt nurther upset3
blg bos` he sh`uog l`tdny bppr`prdbte pers`lleo.

;.2.;.7 Ulgerstblgdlj [dsc

Whe ulgerstblgdlj `n rdsc requdres the mobssdndmbtd`l `n pr`messes blg thedr
sm`pe. Whe sukaemt fbtter expert (]FE) tebf sh`uog ke bkoe t` dgeltdny
mregdkoe rdscs3 blg suksequeltoy the murrelt rdsc m`ltr`os. Whey w`uog bos` ke
bkoe t` geterfdle oeveo `n rdsc3 blg theren`re the t`oerbkdodty `n rdsc.

[dscs bre mbtej`rdzeg bmm`rgdlj t` thedr g`fdlblt, m`ltr`oodlj brebs, whdmh

bre th`se brebs thbt w`uog ke f`st bnnemteg dn dt fbterdbodzes. Cl`wdlj these
sdx brebs wdoo dlnouelme the febls t` fdtdjbte cl`wl rdscs.

Whe sdx m`ltr`oodlj rdsc mbtej`rdes bre ]bnety, Elvdr`lfeltbo, Ndlblmdbo,

@perbtd`ls, Yr`perty, blg [eputbtd`l.

Ybje 5=
5= `n
 `n 274
274  
 

Cl`wl pr`mess rdscs mbl ke bppr`bmheg dl severbo wbys1 kugjet n`r rdsc dn
there ds l` nebsdkoe fdtdjbtd`l strbtejy bvbdobkoe3 mebse bmtdvdty whdmh dlmurs
the rdsc3 trebt the rdsc wdth dlspemtd`ls, f`gdndeg `perbtdlj pr`megures, `r
spbre pbrts bmmessdkdodty3 `r trblsner the rdsc ky febls t` b thdrg pbrty, n`r
exbfpoe, bl dlsurblme p`odmy.

;.2.= Yr`messes

;.2.=.2 Rubodty Fblbjefelt ]ystef

Ebmh efp`wereg tebf fust gendle dts fblunbmturdlj pr`mess blg
requdrefelts n`r spemdndm pr`gumtd`l `utputs. Fblunbmturdlj pr`messes
sh`uog ke bs sdfpoe bs p`ssdkoe. Mrdtdmbooy evboubte pr`messes bt set dltervbos.
[ef`ve ullemessbry pr`mess hurgoes, m`ls`odgbte pr`mess steps dn p`ssdkoe,
blg fdldfdze the lufker `n pr`mess t`umhp`dlts. N`mus `l whbt the pr`mess
ds trydlj t` bmhdeve wdth the `verboo m`rp`rbte elg-j`bo dl fdlg.

W` jet kuy-dl nr`f every stbceh`oger bnnemteg ky the fblunbmturdlj pr`mess,

g`mufelt the eltdre pr`mess blg hbve ebmh pers`l revdew, bppr`ve blg
ulgerstblg ebmh step. Whds bppr`bmh wdoo estbkodsh expemtbtd`ls. Dt wdoo ke
ebsder t` rener t` bl brmhdveg feetdlj-trbdldlj g`mufelt rbther thbl t`
refefker verkbo getbdos nr`f b feetdlj-trbdldlj sessd`l.

Elsurdlj thbt the fblunbmturdlj pr`mess ds ulgerst``g ky boo `perbt`rs blg

supervds`rs ds the cey t` bmhdevdlj hdjh-qubodty resuots. @lme the
fblunbmturdlj pr`mess ds g`mufelteg blg expemtbtd`ls bre set, blg boo
stbceh`ogers bjree up`l blg ulgerstblg dts m`ltelt3 thel `le mbl wrdte b
moebr blg getbdoeg, stblgbrg `perbtdlj pr`megures n`r the pr`mess. N`rfuobte
`perbt`r blg fbdltelblme trbdldlj thbt moebroy blg m`fpoeteoy gendles h`w
t` `perbte blg fbdltbdl the pr`mess equdpfelt3 blg h`w t` ceep dt
`perbtdlj bt pebc pern`rfblme.

H`og fblunbmturdlj pr`mess `wlers bmm`ultbkoe thr`ujh j`bos blg perd`gdm,

m`lsdstelt revdew `n CYD—s. Whe `wler `n the fblunbmturdlj pr`mess wdoo ke
hdjhoy f`tdvbteg t` elsure summess dn they bre kedlj jrbgeg blg uotdfbteoy
m`fpelsbteg kbseg `l the summess `n thedr w`rc.

Geveo`p bl dl-h`use w`rc fblbjefelt pr`mess seon-bssessfelt t``o `r

bg`pt bl exdstdlj t``o3 blg use dt t` perd`gdmbooy evboubte bppodmbkoe qubodty
stblgbrgs, t` o``c n`r mhbljes blg t` dgeltdny `pp`rtuldtdes n`r dfpr`vefelt.

Ybje 57
57 `n
 `n 274
274  
 

Ulgerstblgdlj blg bmtdlj bppr`prdbteoy `l trelgs boo`ws `rjbldzbtd`ls t`

stby bhebg `n keo`w-the-surnbme dssues wdth the fblunbmturdlj pr`mess. Whds
n`mus `l trelgs boo`ws the fblunbmturdlj pr`mess t` ke `ptdfdzeg blg
pr`vdges dlput n`r m`ltdlu`us dfpr`vefelt, oebgdlj t` bmtd`lbkoe tbscs.

;.2.=.; D]@ 4999

D]@ 4999 pr`vdges b strumtureg bppr`bmh t` pr`gumt qubodty ky n`musdlj `l
getbdoeg pr`mess g`mufeltbtd`l ky fbdltbdldlj bppr`prdbte rem`rgs. D]@
4999 ds the n`ulgbtd`l n`r fbcdlj hdjh-qubodty kem`fe sem`lg lbture. Whe
three nulgbfeltbo bspemts n`r estbkodshdlj b hdjh-qubodty muoture bre
dfpoefeltdlj verdndbkoe qubodty m`ltr`os, g`mufeltdlj the vbrd`us `perbtd`lbo
pr`messes blg pr`megures, blg elsurdlj thbt the bppr`prdbte qubodty
efphbsds ds estbkodsheg blg n`oo`weg ky every`le dl the `rjbldzbtd`l.

D]@ 4999 serdes `n stblgbrgs elbkoes pr`gumt blg servdme suppoders t` bssure
pr`spemtdve blg murrelt must`fers thbt bl `perbtd`lbo qubodty systef hbs
keel estbkodsheg. Whds m`lmept `n b tw`-pbrty m`ltrbmtubo reobtd`lshdp ds
dlherelt dl the D]@ 4999 stblgbrgs. Whe serdes `nners the f`st nulgbfeltbo
blg kbsdm bspemts `n qubodty ky gef`lstrbtdlj
gef`ls trbtdlj thbt the `rjbldzbtd`l ds g`dlj
whbt dt sbys dt ds g`dlj wdth rejbrg t` sbtdsny must`fer leegs.

Whe D]@ 4999 stblgbrg stdpuobtes thbt fblbjefelt wdoo ke m`ffdtteg,

dlv`oveg, n`museg blg resp`lsdkoe n`r dfpoefeltbtd`l blg m`ltdlueg supp`rt.
Nbmdodty `rjbldzbtd`lbo pr`messes wdoo ke g`mufelteg blg perd`gdmbooy mhemceg
n`r bppodmbkdodty. Whey wdoo ke upgbteg, fbge vdsdkoe, trbmebkoe, m`lsdstelt,
blg repebtbkoe. @wlers `n the pr`messes wdoo jbdl buth`rdzbtd`l t` fbce
gemdsd`ls, kem`fe `rjbldzeg, m`fpetelt, cl`woegjebkoe, blg resp`lsdkoe.

D]@ 4999 rejdstrbtd`l elsures thbt `rjbldzbtd`ls ulgerstblg whbt thedr

pr`messes bre. Whe pr`messes bre g`mufelteg, dfpoefelteg, ulgerst``g,
blg bghereg t` ky every`le bnnemteg ky thef dl the `rjbldzbtd`l. Whe
g`mufelts supp`rtdlj the pr`messes bre revdeweg blg fbdltbdleg n`r the
purp`ses `n pr`vdgdlj hdjhoy getbdoeg dln`rfbtd`l t` bl dlterlbo `r exterlbo
bugdtdlj bjelmy.

Ybje 55
55 `n
 `n 274
274  
 

;.2.=.= [dsc [ejdster

 B [dsc [ejdster rem`rgs blg fblbjes rdsc wdthdl the `rjbldzbtd`l. Dt wdoo
m`fprdse b odst `n rdscs gendleg dl terfs `n odceodh``g, m`lsequelmes, blg
getemtbkdodty. Whe rdsc rejdster ds b rblcdlj femhbldsf thbt rblcs rdscs nr`f
hdjhest t` o`west3 blg theren`re prd`rdtdzes h`w, whel, where, wh` blg why
res`urmes wdoo ke expelgeg t` bggress rdsc. Whe rdsc rejdster bdgs dl the
geveo`pfelt `n b rdsc fdtdjbtd`l strbtejy. @verboo, fbdltbdldlj, upgbtdlj
u pgbtdlj blg
bugdtdlj the rdsc rejdster ds `n pbrbf`ult
pbrbf `ult dfp`rtblme dl bmhdevdlj m`rp`rbte
j`bos. 

;.; Yr`mess Dfpr`vefelt Wemhldques

Whds sukaemt breb reobtes the bmtdvdtdes `n fbdltelblme blg reodbkdodty t` the
fblunbmturdlj `r pr`gumtd`l pr`mess, t` elsure thbt fbdltelblme blg reodbkdodty
bmtdvdtdes dfpr`ve the fblunbmturdlj `r pr`gumtd`l pr`mess.

 Bppoy pr`mess dfpr`vefelt temhldques1 Dgeltdny pr`gumtd`l o`sses, estbkodsh b

pr`mess n`r m`ltdlu`us dfpr`vefelt pr`mess, etm.

Whe dfpoefeltbtd`l `n pr`mess dfpr`vefelt temhldques ds bl dfp`rtblt

m`rlerst`le `n reodbkdodty enn`rts. Whese temhldques sh`uog dlm`rp`rbte kest
prbmtdmes bt boo oeveos `n kusdless pern`rfblme, dlmougdlj m`st, rdsc blg kelendt
blboysds.

Whe cey t` estbkodshdlj blg sustbdldlj dfpr`vefelt temhldques ds t` dlv`ove the

pe`poe wh` bre resp`lsdkoe n`r the w`rc blg wh` `wl, `perbte, blg fbdltbdl
the pr`mess `r fblunbmturdlj equdpfelt. Whds hedjhtels the selse `n
m`ltdlu`us dfpr`vefelt blg lurtures b muoture `n efp`werfelt, gdsmdpodle,
blg bmm`ultbkdodty.

Whe estbkodshfelt `n these temhldques fust bodjl wdth the kusdless pobl blg
j`bos blg dlmouge sustbdleg w`rcn`rme exmeooelme, qubltdtbtdve `rjbldzbtd`lbo
pern`rfblme bssessfelts blg uotdfbteoy, must`fer sbtdsnbmtd`l. W` estbkodsh
m`fprehelsdve pr`mess dfpr`vefelt temhldques, `rjbldzbtd`ls hbve bg`pteg
vbrd`us t``os, rbljdlj nr`f Dlterlbtd`lbo ]tblgbrgs @rjbldzbtd`l (D]@)
stblgbrgs t` b W`tbo Yr`gumtdve Fbdltelblme (WYF) `perbtd`lbo bppr`bmh.

Ybje 5>
5> `n
 `n 274
274  
 

 B mrumdbo step dl bly pr`mess dfpr`vefelt ds t` dgeltdny cey pern`rfblme

dlgdmbt`rs (CYDs) thbt bodjl wdth the j`bos `n the `rjbldzbtd`l. Whe type `n
fetrdms, the pr`mess n`r dfpoefeltdlj the fetrdms blg the qubodty `n the fetrdms
bre aust b new `n the m`lsdgerbtd`ls thbt fust
fus t ke m`lsdgereg gurdlj the
geveo`pfelt stbje. J``g fetrdms bre gesdjleg br`ulg the `kaemtdves `n the
kusdless j`bos. Whey hbve three bttrdkutes1 thedr gbtb ds m`lsdstelt, ebsy t`
ulgerstblg, blg qudmc t` m`ooemt. Whe fetrdms spemdny bmm`fpodshfelts blg
grdve m`ltdlu`us dfpr`vefelt whdoe dgeltdnydlj the pr`jress `n the mrdterdb
bmm`fpodshfelts. Zdth`ut fetrdms, dt ds gdnndmuot t` febsure bly pr`mess.

;.;.2 M`lmepts

;.;.2.2 Qer` Genemts

Dgebooy, `le strdves n`r zer` genemts dl pr`mess, pr`gumtd`l blg fbdltelblme
bs fbldnesteg ky jbdls dl pr`mess enndmdelmy. B m`fpetelt w`rcn`rme leegs
t` ke dl pobme t` supp`rt thds dgebo. ]unndmdelt trbdldlj-blg-res`urme boo`mbtd`l
sh`uog ke pr`vdgeg t` supp`rt the zer`-genemt dldtdbtdve, `nnerdlj dlmeltdves
blg a`k sbtdsnbmtd`l t` the efpo`yees. Whese enn`rts wdoo pr`vdge w`rcers
wdth the bkdodty t` m`lsdsteltoy pern`rf bt b hdjh oeveo whdoe pr`f`tdlj bl
elvdr`lfelt `n exmeooelme.

;.;.; W``os

;.;.;.2 W`tbo Rubodty Fblbjefelt (WRF)

W`tbo Rubodty Fblbjefelt ds b m`rp`rbte enn`rt t` pr`aemt blg estbkodsh bl
elvdr`lfelt dl whdmh bl `rjbldzbtd`l m`ltdlubooy dfpr`ves dts bkdodty t`
geodver hdjh-qubodty pr`gumts blg servdmes wdth h`pes `n fbcdlj dtseon the
pr`vdger `n mh`dme t` the m`lsufer. Dt ds b fblbjefelt bppr`bmh t` o`lj-
terf summess thr`ujh must`fer sbtdsnbmtd`l l`t `loy ky feetdlj must`fer
expemtbtd`ls kut bos` ky exmeegdlj thef.

Whe m`fpoete sbtdsnbmtd`l `n the must`fer ds the n`mus WRF. W` dfpoefelt

WRF, fblbjefelt sh`uog dlv`ove boo oeveos `n the `rjbldzbtd`l blg fust ndrst
mobrdny the m`rp`rbte vdsd`l, the fdssd`l, blg m`fpbly vboues. Ebmh
efpo`yee leegs t` ulgerstblg the gdremtd`l `n the `rjbldzbtd`l (dts vdsd`l),
the `rjbldzbtd`lbo j`bos (dts fdssd`l) blg the `perbtd`lbo prdlmdpoes (vboues)
thbt wdoo steer the n`mus blg bmtd`ls `n the m`fpbly.

Ybje 5:
5: `n
 `n 274
274  
 

Lext, dgeltdny mrdtdmbo summess nbmt`rs. Mrdtdmbo summess nbmt`rs pr`vdge the
n`mus lemessbry t` feet the `kaemtdves. Whey febsure n`r h`w weoo the
`rjbldzbtd`l ds feetdlj dts `kaemtdves. Bl `rjbldzbtd`l leegs t` geveo`p
fetrdms t` f`ldt`r mrdtdmbo summess nbmt`rs.

Mrdtdmbo summess nbmt`rs sh`uog ke dgeltdndeg t` febsure the ennemtdveless `n

the `rjbldzbtd`lbo `kaemtdves. Whese nbmt`rs heop `rjbldzbtd`ls f`ldt`r the
pr`jress `n m`fpbly gendleg j`bos blg m`ffuldmbte
m`ffu ldmbte the pr`jress t`
efpo`yees.

 Bl `rjbldzbtd`l leegs t` dgeltdny the cey must`fer jr`up. Cl`wdlj the
gefblgs `n the must`fer ds dfp`rtblt t` steer pr`gumt blg servdme
geveo`pfelt t`wbrg must`fer gefblg.
Efpo`yees bre b cey must`fer jr`up bs weoo bs suppoders, velg`rs blg
v`oulteers3 bs weoo bs, `n m`urse, the elg must`fer.

[equest must`fer neegkbmc t` fbce dt ebsy n`r must`fers t` m`ffuldmbte

p`sdtdve blg lejbtdve m`ffelts. Where bre fbly must`fer sbtdsnbmtd`l
survey t``os bvbdobkoe sumh bs n`mus jr`ups blg `lodle survey t``os thbt mbl
ke useg t` geterfdle the oeveo `n sbtdsnbmtd`l pr`vdgeg.

M`lgumt the survey `l ebmh must`fer jr`up t` estbkodsh b kbseodle `n the

must`fer—s permeptd`l `n murrelt prbmtdme. Whds kbseodle ds the stbrtdlj p`dlt
blg the p`dlt `n renerelme t` febsure pr`jress bjbdlst. Geveo`p bl
dfpr`vefelt pobl. Bnter b perd`g, pern`rf the sbfe survey bjbdl `l the
sbfe must`fer jr`up t` see dn sm`res hbve dfpr`veg blg dn expemtbtd`ls
hbve mhbljeg `ver tdfe. Bos`, revdsdt mrdtdmbo summess nbmt`rs t` elsure there
ds m`lsdstelt pr`jress kedlj fbge t`wbrgs j`bos.

;.;.;.; [``t Mbuse Nbdoure Blboysds ([MNB)

]ystefdm- blg hufbl-dlterbmtd`l [``t Mbuse Nbdoure Blboysds ([MNB) ds b
feth`g n`r dgeltdnydlj the r``t mbuse `n b nbdoure. Where bre severbo wbys t`
m`lgumt b [``t Mbuse Nbdoure Blboysds. Feth`gs dlmouge Ndve Zhys Blboysds,
Ndshk`le Gdbjrbf, blg Nbuot Wree. Whe prdlmdpoe kehdlg [MNB ds thbt dn the
r``t mbuse ds bmmurbteoy blg m`fpoeteoy dgeltdndeg blg eodfdlbteg (edther ky
re-eljdleerdlj, pr`megurbo `perbtdlj pr`mess f`gdndmbtd`ls, `r bgfdldstrbtdve
m`ltr`os) thel thbt nbdoure g`es l`t `mmur.

Ybje 58
58 `n
 `n 274
274  
 

;.;.;.= Nbdoure F`ges blg Ennemts Blboysds (NFEB)

Nbdoure F`ges blg Ennemts Blboysds (NFEB) ds s`fetdfes renerreg t` bs
Nbdoure F`ges blg Ennemts Mrdtdmbodty Blboysds (NFEMB). Dt ds bl em`l`fdmbo
blg feth`gdmbo pr`megure dltelgeg t` dgeltdny boo p`ssdkoe wbys b pr`mess
fdjht nbdo, `r the nbdoure f`ges `n thbt pr`mess. Whe ennemts bre the
m`lsequelmes `n th`se nbdoures. Mrdtdmbodty ds bssdjleg t` bssets wdthdl
pr`messes t` gel`te thedr dfp`rtblme. NFEB ds g`le t` prd`rdtdze the
sdjldndmblme `n pr`messes dn the m`lsequelmes `n g`wlstrebf nbdoures bre
dlt`oerbkoe. Dn thds blboysds ds g`le gurdlj the gesdjl phbse thel err`rs mbl
ke gesdjleg `ut `n pr`messes, thus eodfdlbtdlj nbdoures mbuseg ky thbt nbuot.

;.;.;.7 Ybret` Yrdlmdpoe

Whe Ybret` Yrdlmdpoe ds `therwdse cl`wl bs the 89-;9 ruoe. Whds prdlmdpoe
whel bppodeg t` fbdltelblme blg reodbkdodty stbtes thbt 89 permelt `n bsset
nbdoures wdoo `rdjdlbte nr`f ;9 permelt `n the bssets dl bl `rjbldzbtd`l.

;.;.;.5 W`tbo Yr`gumtdve Fbdltelblme (WYF)

W`tbo Yr`gumtdve Fbdltelblme pr`f`tes m``perbtd`l ketweel fbdltelblme
blg `perbtd`ls blg n`sters equdpfelt m`-`wlershdp. Boo `perbtd`ls tebf
fefkers oebrl h`w t` pern`rf kbsdm mbre `n `perbtdlj equdpfelt sumh bs
moebldlj, blg dlspemtd`ls. Whds m`-`wlershdp elm`urbjes b vesteg dlterest dl
the pr`per fbdltelblme `n equdpfelt whdmh sh`uog oebg t` enndmdelt blg
reodbkoe `perbtd`l blg pr`messes. WYF h`pes t` bttbdl l` krebcg`wls blg l`
bmmdgelts. Dt ds f`st m`lmerleg bk`ut regumdlj `verboo `perbtd`ls blg
fbdltelblme (@&F) m`sts ky strdvdlj n`r zer` pr`mess genemts dl b tebf
elvdr`lfelt.

W`tbo Yr`gumtdve Fbdltelblme ds b systef `n sustbdldlj blg dfpr`vdlj the

dltejrdty `n pr`gumtd`l blg qubodty systefs thr`ujh the bssets, pr`messes,
blg efpo`yees. WYF requdres nuoo supp`rt `n the eltdre t`p-t`-k`tt`f
w`rcn`rme. WYF requdres b pbrbgdjf shdnt nr`f the typdmbo permeptd`l thbt
fbdltelblme ds the s`oe `wler `n bsset enndmdelmy, blg pobmes thbt `wlershdp
bmr`ss the eltdre nbmdodty. Yr`per equdpfelt fbdltelblme supp`rts `ptdfuf
pr`mess blg `perbtd`ls. Blg pr`per stbrtup blg `perbtdlj pr`megures dl turl
supp`rts `ptdfbo equdpfelt m`lgdtd`l blg fdldfbo rebmtdve `r ulpoblleg
fbdltelblme. Whds syfkd`tdm reobtd`lshdp leegs t` ke ulgerst``g ky
eljdleerdlj, `perbtd`ls, fbdltelblme, elvdr`lfeltbo, purmhbsdlj, st`res,
bmm`ultdlj, sbnety, blg hufbl res`urmes t` ke nuooy ennemtdve. W` rbdse thds
bwbreless, dt ds dfperbtdve thbt every fefker nr`f t`p fblbjefelt t`
h`uroy efpo`yees ulgerstblgs blg bre bmtdveoy dlv`oveg.

Ybje 54
54 `n
 `n 274
274  
 

;.;.;.> Cey Yern`rfblme Dlgdmbt`rs (CYDs)

Cey Yern`rfblme Dlgdmbt`rs bre spemdndm pr`mess vbrdbkoes thbt whel
febsureg blg m`ltr`ooeg boo`ws the pr`mess t` pern`rf bt b hdjh oeveo. Dt ds
bl hdst`rdmbo bs weoo bs b n`rwbrg-o``cdlj pern`rfblme febsurefelt. Boo CYDs
sh`uog ke febldljnuo t` bl `rjbldzbtd`l—s shbreh`ogers, febsurbkoe ky the
m`rremt pers`lleo, blg fblbjebkoe ky th`se whbt bre febsurdlj the gbtb.

;.;.;.: Kboblmeg ]m`re Mbrg

Whe Kboblmeg ]m`re Mbrg ds b m`ljo`ferbtd`l `n severbo CYD—s useg dl  ulds`l
t` pr`vdge b m`fpoete pdmture `n h`w the pr`mess ds kedlj fblbjeg. Dt ds
useg t` brtdmuobte b summessnuo pr`mess strbtejy dl bmtd`lbkoe terfs blg
pr`vdges b r`bgfbp n`r m`ltdlubo dfpr`vefelt.

;.;.= Yr`messes

;.2.=.2 ]dx ]djfb

]dx ]djfb pr`vdges b set `n temhldques blg t``os n`r pr`mess dfpr`vefelt ky
dgeltdnydlj err`rs ebroy `l blg ref`vdlj thef nr`f the pr`mess. Whe sdjfb
rbtdlj dlgdmbtes dts ydeog `n genemt-nree pr`gumts. ]dx sdjfb equbtes t` =.7
pr`gumt genemts per `le fdood`l pr`gumtd`l ruls.

;.2.=.; Oebl
Zhel bppodeg t` fblunbmturdlj,
fblunbmturdlj, ‟Oebl‖
 ‟Oebl‖ ds b systefbtdm feth`g n`r
dgeltdnydlj blg eodfdlbtdlj wbste nr`f b fblunbmturdlj pr`mess (`r fugb,
nr`f the Abpblese w`rg febldlj "nutdodty3 useoessless3 wbstenuoless").
Zbste ds n`ulg thr`ujh `verkurgel, `r furd, nr`f b Abpblese w`rg febldlj
"ulrebs`lbkoeless3 dfp`ssdkoe3 key`lg `le's p`wer3 t`` gdnndmuot‖3 nr`f
ulevelless dl smheguoeg w`rco`bgs, `r furb, febldlj "ulevelless3
drrejuobrdty3 obmc `n uldn`rfdty3 l`luldn`rfdty3
l`luld n`rfdty3 dlequbodty.‖ Whe terf ‟Oebl‖
bs bppodeg t` Z`rc Fblbjefelt febls thbt oeveo-o`bgdlj b smheguoe ds m`st
ennemtdve.

 ^boue-strebf fbps bre useg t` g`mufelt the steps leegeg n`r geodverdlj b
pr`gumt `r servdme. Whey fbp the steps nr`f the stbrt `n pr`gumtd`l t`
geodvery. Whese gdbjrbfs obyer the pr`mess wdth b tdfeodle thbt febsures
vboue-bggeg bmtdvdtdes blg l`l-vboue-bggeg bmtdvdtdes. Whey wdoo heop
geterfdle whdmh bmtdvdtdes sh`uog ke cept blg whdmh `les sh`uog ke ref`veg
nr`f the pr`mess.

Ybje >9
>9 `n
 `n 274
274  
 

;.2.=.= Ndve ]
Ndve ] eodfdlbtes wbste ky s`rtdlj, strbdjhteldlj, shdldlj dt (ceepdlj dt
moebl), stblgbrgdzdlj blg sustbdldlj boo thbt hbs premegeg dt. ]`fe fby
dlm`rp`rbte b sdxth ‟]‖ blg thbt w`uog ke sbnety. Fbcdlj sbnety ndrst ds `n
n`ref`st dfp`rtblme dl everythdlj we g`

;.2.=.7 GFBDM
GFBDM stblgs n`r ‟Gendle, Febsure, Blboyze, Dfpr`ve, blg M`ltr`o‖ bs
bppodeg t` b cl`wl `perbtd`ls pr`mess. Whds pr`mess ds b gbtb-grdvel
dfpr`vefelt pr`mess blg ds b sukm`fp`lelt `n ]dx ]djfb. Dt mbl, h`wever,
ke dfpoefelteg bs b stblgbo`le qubodty dfpr`vefelt pr`mess.

;.= Mhblje Fblbjefelt

Mhblje Fblbjefelt heops t` fblbje the ennemts `n mhbljes dl pr`messes blg
equdpfelt3 dt fby estbkodsh mhblje pr`t`m`o, upgbte g`mufeltbtd`l blg
pr`megures, etm. Dl pbrbooeo wdth Yr`mess Dfpr`vefelt Wemhldques, thds sukaemt
breb bos` reobtes the bmtdvdtdes `n fbdltelblme blg reodbkdodty t` the
fblunbmturdlj `r pr`gumtd`l pr`mess `n the `rjbldzbtd`l, t` elsure thbt
fbdltelblme blg reodbkdodty bmtdvdtdes dfpr`ve the fblunbmturdlj `r pr`gumtd`l
pr`mess.

Whe summess `n b fbdltelblme blg reodbkdodty pr`jrbf mbl ke jrebtoy hbfpereg

whel mhbljes fbge t` the pr`mess (`r mhbljes t` the equdpfelt j`verleg ky
the pr`mess) bre l`t pr`peroy fblbjeg. Mhblje mbl `mmur dlteltd`lbooy, sumh bs
b pr`mess f`gdndmbtd`l `r dfpr`vefelt3 `r uldlteltd`lbooy, sumh bs m`fp`lelt
webr `r jelerbo equdpfelt gejrbgbtd`l `ver tdfe. Whe ennemts `n these mhbljes
fust ke blboyzeg blg fblbjeg t` elsure the gesdreg oeveo `n reodbkdodty ds
fbdltbdleg.

 B n`rfbo mhblje fblbjefelt pr`mess ds leegeg t` dgeltdny bly sdjldndmblt

mhbljes t` the pr`mess, equdpfelt mbpbkdodty, `r dlvelt`ry dtefs. B kbsdm
m`fp`lelt `n bl ennemtdve mhblje fblbjefelt pr`jrbf ds the requdrefelt
thbt boo dlteltd`lbo mhbljes t` the pr`mess (dlmougdlj
(dl mougdlj tefp`rbry mhbljes blg
eljdleereg experdfelts) fust ke sukfdtteg blg bppr`veg ken`re the mhblje
mbl `mmur. Bnter b pr`per bppodmbtd`l hbs keel sukfdtteg, dt ds revdeweg ky boo
bnnemteg pbrtdes wdthdl the `rjbldzbtd`l, dlmougdlj fblbjefelt, eljdleerdlj,
fbdltelblme, sbnety, pr`gumtd`l, elvdr`lfeltbo, blg p`ssdkoy `thers. Whe
revdew elsures thbt the ennemts `n the mhblje bre pr`peroy evboubteg, blg thbt
boo stbceh`ogers bre pr`peroy prepbreg.

Ybje >2
>2 `n
 `n 274
274  
 

Whe mhblje fblbjefelt pr`mess bos` fbces mertbdl thbt boo bnnemteg
g`mufelts bre upgbteg, dlmougdlj the n`oo`wdlj1 (b) Grbwdljs sumh bs poblt
oby`uts, Y&DG—s, YNG—s, etm.3 (k) Fbdltelblme g`mufelts sumh bs FEO—s, YF—s,
NFEB—s, pbrts odsts blg `thers3 blg (m) b vbrdety `n `thers dlmougdlj pr`gumtd`l
m`ltr`o g`mufelts, sbnety g`mufelts, bsset odsts blg `ther g`mufelts.

Up`l bppr`vbo `n the requesteg mhblje, the mhblje mbl thel ke dfpoefelteg.
Whe fblbjefelt-`n-mhblje pr`mess fust dlmouge gevdmes t` f`ldt`r the
pr`jress `n the dfpoefeltbtd`l. Whds dlmouges fbcdlj mertbdl thbt
g`mufeltbtd`l ds mrebteg, m`ooemteg blg st`reg dl bl bppr`prdbte fbller.
fbl ler.
Up`l m`fpoetd`l `n the mhblje, gevdmes fust ke dl pobme t` verdny thbt
th bt the
mhblje bmhdeveg dts gesdreg ennemt blg thbt boo suksequelt mhbljes t` feth`gs
blg g`mufeltbtd`l hbve keel pr`peroy bggresseg.

;.=.2 M`lmepts
Ulpoblleg bgverse ennemts leeg t` fdldfdzeg, dlmougdlj ennemts `l the systef
dltejrdty, semurdty, stbkdodty, `r reodbkdodty, m`lsequelt t` the botereg `r lew
kusdless pr`mess. Bt the sbfe tdfe, fbxdfdze the pr`gumtdvdty blg enndmdelmy
`n stbnn poblldlj, m``rgdlbtd`l, blg dfpoefeltbtd`l `n the mhbljes. Bsset
fblbjefelt gefblgs b hdjh oeveo `n temhldmbo m`fpoeteless, bmmurbmy `n
f`gdndmbtd`ls blg testdlj `n the systef ken`re dfpoefeltbtd`l. Fblbjefelt
requdres b odle-`n-sdte bppr`vbo `n thds mhblje blg sh`uog ke eljbjeg wdth the
pr`mess. Boo thds ds lemessbry n`r b stbkoe pr`gumtd`l elvdr`lfelt jdvel the
dlevdtbkoe mhblje thbt pr`jress krdljs.

;.=.; W``os

;.=.;.2 Fblbjefelt `n Mhblje (F@M)

Fblbjefelt `n Mhblje (F@M) ds b t``o thbt elsures sbnety, heboth, blg
elvdr`lfeltbo rdscs bre dgeltdndeg blg m`ltr`ooeg whelever b nbmdodty mhbljes
b poblt bsset oby`ut blg m`lndjurbtd`l, g`mufeltbtd`l, pers`lleo blg
`perbtd`ls.

Ybje >;
>; `n
 `n 274
274  
 

F@M hbs dlherelt `perbtd`lbo kelendts. Dt fdldfdzes ulpoblleg bgverse

dfpbmts `l systef dltejrdty, semurdty, stbkdodty, blg reodbkdodty `n the botereg
pr`mess. Dt fbxdfdzes the pr`gumtdvdty blg enndmdelmy `n stbnn
poblldlj/smheguodlj, m``rgdlbtdlj blg dfpoefeltbtd`l `n pr`p`seg mhbljes.
F@M pr`vdges b stbkoe fblunbmturdlj elvdr`lfelt. F@M elsures the pr`per
oeveo `n temhldmbo m`fpoeteless, bmmurbmy `n f`gdndmbtd`ls, blg testdlj `n
systefs ken`re dfpoefeltbtd`l. F@M bos` pr`vdges odle-`n-sdte fblbjefelt
bppr`vbo, dlv`ovefelt, blg resp`lsdkdodty.

;.=.;.; Yr`mess ]bnety Fblbjefelt (Y]F)

Yr`mess ]bnety Fblbjefelt (Y]F) ds b systef `n kest prbmtdmes t` sustbdl
sbnety dl bl elvdr`lfelt where fbly hbzbrg`us mhefdmbos bre preselt dl
obrje qubltdtdes. Y]F ds b systefbtdm blboytdmbo t``o n`r preveltdlj the reoebse
`n these mhefdmbos. Hbzbrg`us mhefdmbos m`lsdst `n t`xdm, rebmtdve, expo`sdve
blg nobffbkoe odqudgs blg jbses.
Whe j`bo `n Y]F ds t` gemrebse the lufker blgbl g severdty `n bmmdgelts reobtdlj
t` hbzbrg`us mhefdmbo reoebses. Y]F blg F@M shbre severbo bttrdkutes.
W`jether wdth F@M, `perbtd`lbo rdsc ds fblbjeg.

;.=.;.= Fblunbmturdlj mhblje request (FM[)

Fblunbmturdlj mhblje request (FM[) ds b request `rdjdlbtdlj nr`f the
fblunbmturdlj tebf fefkers dgeltdnydlj b spemdndm pr`koef blg b
suksequelt pr`p`seg f`gdndmbtd`l t` the fblunbmturdlj pr`mess `r
equdpfelt t` remtdny the gendmdelmy.

;.=.;.7 Fblunbmturdlj mhblje `rger (FM@)

Fblunbmturdlj mhblje `rger (FM@) ds b fblbjer-bppr`veg
fblb jer-bppr`veg mhblje `rger
gesmrdkdlj the f`gdndmbtd`ls t` the fblunbmturdlj pr`mess `r equdpfelt

;.=.= Yr`messes
Whe pr`messes dl mhblje fblbjefelt mbl ke suffbrdzeg bs n`oo`ws1

M`fpdoe sbnety dln`rfbtd`l `l the pr`gumts, equdpfelt, fbterdbos, `r

pr`messes thbt bre mhbljdlj blg wrdte p`odmdes blg pr`megures t` use the
lew dln`rfbtd`l. Ke sure t` dlmouge dln`rfbtd`l `l h`w t` dlvestdjbte
bmmdgelts, bugdt m`fpodblme wdth sbnety pr`megures blg pobl n`r eferjelmy
resp`lses.

Ybje >=
>= `n
 `n 274
274  
 

Estbkodsh b wby t` jbther efpo`yee dlput `l the mhbljes, sumh bs

dltervdews, jr`up gdsmussd`ls `r surveys. Dlmouge thedr m`ffelts blg
sujjestd`ls dl the grbnt p`odmy blg pr`megures.

 B pr`per F@M systef requdres thbt bly mhbljes ke evboubteg ken`re

ken`re
dfpoefeltbtd`l. Whe oeveo `n evboubtd`l wdoo gepelg `l the fbjldtuge `n
mhblje blg h`w mrdtdmbo dt ds t` the sbnety `n the fblunbmturdlj pr`mess.

Zrdte dlstrumtd`ls n`r boo efpo`yees `l every pr`mess whdmh dlv`oveg the
mhbljes. Whe pr`megures fust ke moebr. Whey fust dlmouge steps n`r
pern`rfdlj every `perbtd`l, m`ver sbnety dln`rfbtd`l, stbte whbt t` g` dl the
mbse `n bl eferjelmy blg ke rebgdoy bvbdobkoe t` the efpo`yees pern`rfdlj
the pr`megures.

Mhbljes kedlj fbge fust ke th`r`ujhoy evboubteg n`r h`w they bnnemt
efpo`yee sbnety blg heboth.
Where fdjht ke b g`fdl` ennemt, where `le mhblje oebgs t` f`re mhbljes,
blg `le wdoo leeg t` geterfdle dn the mhbljes kedlj m`lsdgereg pr`fpt
bggdtd`lbo mhbljes t` `perbtdlj pr`megures `r requdre f`gdndmbtd`ls t`
exdstdlj fbdltelblme pr`megures.

Wrbdl efpo`yees `l the mhbljes. Efphbsdze sbnety blg heboth hbzbrgs blg
whbt t` g` dl the mbse `n bl eferjelmy. Whe trbdldlj fust tbce pobme ken`re
bl efpo`yee mbl `perbte the equdpfelt `r pern`rf a`ks reobteg t` the
mhbljes.

Estbkodsh wrdttel pr`megures n`r whbt y`u wdoo g` the lext tdfe y`u hbve b
mhblje dl sbnety fblbjefelt.

Ceep F@M g`mufeltbtd`l blg use dt bs b s`urme

s`u rme g`mufelt t` revdew evelts
oebgdlj t` m`rremtdve fbdltelblme, r``t mbuse nbdoure blboysds, blg pr`mess
bl`fbodes.

 Bghere t` @]HB—s g`mufelteg 27 eoefelts `n Yr`mess ]bnety Fblbjefelt

(Y]F).

Muotdvbte b w`rcdlj reobtd`lshdp ketweel eljdleerdlj blg the pr`gumtd`l

no``r.

Wrbdl reoevblt pers`lleo `l the F@M pr`mess.

Ybje >7
>7 `n
 `n 274
274  
 

Lurture bl elvdr`lfelt thbt nbmdodtbtes ebsy m`ffuldmbtd`l

m`fful dmbtd`l n`r the
fblunbmturdlj mhblje pr`mess sumh bs b mhblje revdew k`brg.

;.7 Fbdltbdl Yr`messes

Whds sukaemt breb reobtes the bmtdvdtdes `n fbdltelblme blg reodbkdodty t` the
fblunbmturdlj `r pr`gumtd`l pr`mess `n the `rjbldzbtd`l, t` elsure thbt
fbdltelblme blg reodbkdodty bmtdvdtdes dfpr`ve the fblunbmturdlj `r pr`gumtd`l
pr`mess.

Fbdltbdl pr`messes dl bmm`rgblme wdth bppodmbkoe stblgbrgs blg rejuobtd`ls.

Ulgerstblg dlgustry stblgbrgs, ulgerstblg rejuobt`ry requdrefelts, elsure
m`fpodblme, etm.

]tblgbrgs blg spemdndmbtd`ls bre useg bs b wby `n trblsobtdlj the enn`rts `n the
reodbkdodty pr`jrbf dlt` dfpr`veg pern`rfblme.
@le bppr`bmh ds kelmhfbrcdlj, whdmh uses b m`fpbrbtdve blboysds ketweel
dlterlbo resuots blg the resuots `n `thers, pbrtdmuobroy dn the pern`rfblme `n
`thers ds seel bs b w`rog mobss. Jbps dl pern`rfblme `n the reodbkdodty pr`jrbf
fust ke dgeltdndeg, qubltdndeg, dlterpreteg, blg m`ffuldmbteg t` `ther
nulmtd`ls, e.j.
e.j.,, ndlblmdbo, `perbtd`lbo, blg `ther servdme gepbrtfelts. Bmtd`l
pobls t` mo`se the jbps bre mrebteg, revdeweg, blg dfpr`veg `l b m`ltdlubo
kbsds bs pbrt `n b ‟odvdlj pr`jrbf‖ bppr`bmh t` reodbkdodty. Febsurefelts blg
bmtd`l pobls bre p`steg dl gesdjlbteg brebs `n the m`fpbly n`r boo efpo`yees t`
revdew.

[ejuobtd`ls spemdny oejbo requdrefelts thbt bre fblgbt`ry. Whey dlmouge sumh
t`pdms bs elvdr`lfeltbo ennemts, w`rcer sbnety, pr`gumt sbnety, blg m`lsufer `r
pukodm dlterest. B rejuobtd`l usubooy m`lsdsts `n edther b negerbo, stbte `r o`mbo
j`verlfelt temhldmbo spemdndmbtd`l `r requdrefelt3 `l `mmbsd`l, the use `n b
pbrtdmuobr prdvbte semt`r stblgbrg fby ke perfdtteg bs b febls `n m`fpodblme.
 Both`ujh rejuobtd`ls fby seef b kdt m`lnusdlj blg dltdfdgbtdlj, b pr`per
ulgerstblgdlj `n thef blg h`w they bnnemt b kusdless f`geo fby bmtubooy sbve
m`fpbldes f`ley blg dlmrebse pr`gumtdvdty. Whe dltejrbtd`l `n rejuobt`ry
rejuob t`ry
requdrefelts wdth `perbtd`lbo kest prbmtdmes dl b m`ltdlu`us dfpr`vefelt
muoture ds the kest wby t` elsure thbt m`fpodblme ds bmhdeveg, blg thbt rdsc blg
odbkdodtdes bre fblbjeg.

Ybje >5
>5 `n
 `n 274
274  
 

;.7.2 M`lmepts
@perbtdlj bt b w`rog mobss oeveo sdjldndes bmhdevdlj the hdjhest oeveo `n
`perbtd`lbo exmeooelme bf`lj y`ur peer jr`up. @perbtd`lbo exmeooelme dl
fbdltelblme blg reodbkdodty pr`jrbfs febls y`ur fblunbmturdlj pr`mess ds
p`dseg n`r jr`wth blg pr`ndtbkdodty. Kedlj w`rog-mobss ds kedlj bf`lj the kest,
the t`p qubrtdoe dl terfs `n pern`rfblme, dl every bspemt thbt pern`rfblme ds
febsureg. Efphbsds ds pobmeg `l the hufbl sdge `n thdljs blg kedlj the
grdver n`r w`rog-mobss pern`rfblme. @rjbldzbtd`ls `perbtdlj bt w`rog mobss
mobs s
oeveo l`t `loy trbdl fblbjers kut bos` mrebte oebgers n`r `ptdfuf
`rjbldzbtd`lbo ennemtdveless. Whese `rjbldzbtd`ls bre vdeweg bs f`geo
m`rp`rbte mdtdzels, whdoe gef`lstrbtdlj elvdr`lfeltbo stewbrgshdp blg s`mdbo
resp`lsdkdodty, blg strdvdlj t` bmhdeve zer` dlmdgelts. Bmhdevdlj uldndeg,
summess-`rdelteg j`bos ds the fbdl n`mus.

;.7.; W``os 
W``os 

;.7.;.2 M`ge `n Negerbo [ejuobtd`ls

Whe M`ge `n Negerbo [ejuobtd`ls (MN[), @mmupbtd`lbo ]bnety blg Heboth
 Bgfdldstrbtd`l (@]HB), blg the U.]. Gepbrtfelt `n Obk`r bre j``g
res`urmes n`r renerelmes `l negerbo rejuobtd`ls. @l the stbte oeveo, m`lsuot
the o`mbo Mhbfker `n M`fferme sdlme l`t boo stbtes hbve the sbfe oeveo `n
EH&] dlv`ovefelt. Febsurefelts `n vbrd`us types fby ke useg, dlmougdlj
efpo`yee eljbjefelt, trbdldlj, dlv`ovefelt `n sbnety m`ffdttees blg
dlaury rbtes.

;.7.;.; Kelmhfbrcdlj
Kelmhfbrcdlj ds m`fpbrbtdve blboysds. Dt m`fpbres m`fpbldes `l b oeveo
pobydlj ndeog wdth peers wdthdl the sbfe kusdless jr`up, dlterlbo pr`messes,
blg pern`rfblme fetrdms. B spemdndm dlgdmbt`r sumh bs uldt m`st, pr`mess mymoe
tdfe, `r pr`gumtdvdty fust ke seoemteg t` kelmhfbrc bjbdlst. Kelmhfbrcdlj
revebos where b m`fpbly—s pr`messes blg pern`rfblme fetrdms rblc
bf`ljst the peer jr`up. Kelmhfbrcdlj revebos the t`p pern`rfers dl the
jr`up. Jbp blboysds wdoo dlgdmbte gdnnerelmes dl pr`messes blg pr`megures,
blg bmtd`ls pobls mbl ke dl pobme t` mo`se the jbps kbseg `l thds gbtb.

Ybje >>
>> `n
 `n 274
274  
 

;.7.;.= Jbp Blboysds

Jbp Blboysds ds b feth`g `n bssessdlj the gdnnerelmes dl pern`rfblme
ketweel murrelt m`lgdtd`l blg wblt-t`-ke m`lgdtd`l. Zblt-t`-ke m`lgdtd`l
sh`uog ke f`geoeg bnter b kusdless eltdty dl the sbfe dlgustry whdmh ds
w`rog-mobss ky dts peers. Jbp Blboysds dgeltdndes the brebs where f`vdlj nr`f
b murrelt m`lgdtd`l t` bl dgebo wblt-t`-ke m`lgdtd`l ds kelendmdbo. Dt dfpr`ves
pr`messes, dlmrebses `rjbldzbtd`lbo bkdodtdes blg
bl g m`fpetelmdes ky regumdlj
tdfe leegeg t` exemute m`rp`rbte pobls. Kesdges dfpr`vdlj `verboo
pern`rfblme t` the gesdreg oeveo, whdmh ds the uotdfbte j`bo, jbp blboysds
bos` dgeltdndes ky h`w fumh the leeg t` dlmrebse pern`rfblme exmeegs the
bkdodty t` g` s`.

;.7.= Yr`messes

;.7.=.2 Elvdr`lfeltbo, Heboth & ]bnety (EH])

Whe j`bos `n Elvdr`lfeltbo, Heboth blg ]bnety bre bmhdeveg thr`ujh jrebt
oebgershdp. Oebgers fust oebg ky exbfpoe t` grdve efpo`yee eljbjefelt.
 Bl dltejrbteg systefs bppr`bmh sumh bs bl Dltejrbteg [es`urme Yobl sh`uog
ke useg ky dltejrbtdlj sbnety pr`messes dlt` boo F&[ nulmtd`ls blg
strumtures.
Whds bppr`bmh wdoo resuot dl sbnety kem`fdlj efkeggeg dl h`w b
Fbdltelblme [epbdrs blg @perbtd`ls (F[@) uldt fbdltbdls boo `n dts
fblunbmturdlj `r pr`mess bmtdvdtdes. Oebgdlj blg objjdlj dlgdmbt`rs f`ldt`r
blg grdve m`ltdlubo dfpr`vefelts, whdoe strdvdlj t` bmhdeve zer` sbnety
dlmdgelts gbdoy. ]ukaemt fbtter experts (dlterlbo `r exterlbo) mbl ke seoemteg
t` oebg tebfs dl b mbtej`ry n`r dfpr`vefelt. Z`rog-mobss F&[ `rjbldzbtd`ls
extelg thedr sbnety enn`rts key`lg the w`rcpobme blg dlt` the m`ffuldty.

;.7.=.; ]FB[W J`bos

@lme dt ds geterfdleg thbt mo`sdlj the jbp ds p`ssdkoe, b pobl sh`uog ke
geveo`peg odstdlj spemdndm j`bos. Whese bre the j`bos thbt wdoo ke bmhdeveg the
tbrjet whel
whel bmm`fpodsheg. ]pemdndm, Febsurbkoe, Bmhdevbkoe, [ebodstdm, blg
Wdfeoy j`bos feth`g`o`jy (bos` cl`wl bs ]FB[W J`bos) mbl heop geterfdle
whdmh j`bos t` pursue. 

Ybje >:
>: `n
 `n 274
274  
 

Ydoobr ; Fetrdms Bppelgdx

th
W` bmmess blg .g`wlo`bg
www.sfrp.`rj.
www.sfrp.`rj   the ]F[Y Kest Yrbmtdmes >  Egdtd`l, poebse j` t`

Fetrdm ;.2.2 @verboo Equdpfelt Ennemtdveless (@EE)

Fetrdm ;.2.; W`tbo Ennemtdve Equdpfelt Yern`rfblme (WEEY)
Fetrdm ;.; Bvbdobkdodty
Fetrdm ;.= Uptdfe
Fetrdm ;.7 Dgoe Wdfe
Fetrdm ;.5 Utdodzbtd`l Wdfe

Ybje >8
>8 `n
 `n 274
274  
 

F&[ K`gy `n Cl`woegje

@vervdew `n =.9 ERUDYFELW [EODBKDODWT  

Ybje >4
>4 `n
 `n 274
274  
 

=.9 ERUDYFELW
ERU DYFELW [EODBKDODWT
Whds sukaemt breb gesmrdkes tw` cdlgs `n bmtdvdtdes. Whey m`lmerl the equdpfelt
blg pr`messes n`r whdmh the fbdltelblme blg reodbkdodty pr`nessd`lbo ds
bmm`ultbkoe. Whe ndrst cdlg ds useg bssess the murrelt mbpbkdodtdes `n the
equdpfelt blg pr`messes dl terfs `n reodbkdodty, bvbdobkdodty, fbdltbdlbkdodty, blg
mrdtdmbodty. Whe sem`lg cdlg ds useg t` seoemt blg bppoy the f`st bppr`prdbte
fbdltelblme prbmtdmes, s` the equdpfelt blg pr`messes m`ltdlue t` geodver thedr
dltelgeg mbpbkdodtdes dl the sbnest blg f`st m`st-ennemtdve fbller.

=.2 Geterfdle Equdpfelt [eodbkdodty Expemtbtd`ls

Kusdless-pobl j`bos blg stbceh`oger expemtbtd`ls bre the n`ulgbtd`l thbt n`rf
the requdrefelts n`r equdpfelt reodbkdodty blg bvbdobkdodty. Cl`woegje `n the
poblt pr`messes blg kusdless `kaemtdves bs weoo bs rejuobt`ry blg m`ge
requdrefelts blg dlherelt gesdjl mbpbkdodtdes elbkoe the geveo`pfelt `n
febldljnuo blg febsurbkoe equdpfelt reodbkdodty blg bvbdobkdodty expemtbtd`ls.

=.2.2 M`lmepts
Equdpfelt reodbkdodty expemtbtd`ls bre gerdveg nr`f the kusdless `kaemtdves,
bsset strbtejdes blg poblt pr`messes. Whe m`lndjurbtd`l `n vbrd`us equdpfelt
fbce up the systefs, whdmh dl turl pr`vdge the poblt thr`ujhput blg
pern`rfblme dl supp`rt `n the fblunbmturdlj pr`mess bs gendleg dl Ydoobr ;.9.

 Bl bsset fblbjefelt pobl ds leegeg t` geterfdle equdpfelt reodbkdodty

expemtbtd`ls kbseg `l the m`rp`rbte strbtejy. Ydoobr ; `l fblunbmturdlj
pr`mess reodbkdodty leegs t` ke bppodeg t` the equdpfelt m`lndjurbtd`l,
bmm`rgdlj t` the mrdtdmbodty `n ebmh dlgdvdgubo equdpfelt. Mrdtdmbodty ds kbseg `l
reodbkdodty expemtbtd`ls dl terfs `n @perbtd`lbo ]everdty, ]bnety, Elvdr`lfeltbo,
]dljoe Y`dlt Nbdoure, Ndlblmdbo Dfpbmt, M`st `n Equdpfelt, [eodbkdodty,
Fbdltbdlbkdodty, ]pbres Bvbdobkdodty wdth Oebg tdfe, M`st `n Gem`ffdssd`ldlj,
blg [ejuobt`ry ]everdty.

=.2.2.2 Kusdless [equdrefelts blg Expemtbtd`ls

Gendle o`lj-terf blg sh`rt-terf reodbkdodty j`bos.

Ybje :9
:9 `n
 `n 274
274  
 

=.2.2.; Nbmdodty Yr`messes

Dgeltdny blg m`lndrf the pr`mess requdrefelts blg the reobteg expemtbtd`ls
`l equdpfelt reodbkdodty.

=.2.2.= ]ystefs blg Equdpfelt Useg Zdthdl the Yr`messes

Dgeltdny the reobtd`lshdps blg m`lndjurbtd`ls `n equdpfelt blg systefs3 thedr
fbdltelblme, `perbtd`l, dlspemtd`l blg repbdr hdst`ry3 blg mrdtdmbodty
bssessfelt `n systefs blg equdpfelt.

=.2.2.7 [ejuobt`ry blg M`ge [equdrefelts

Dgeltdny exterlbo requdrefelts (Negerbo blg ]tbte), dlgustry stblgbrgs blg
rem`ffelgeg prbmtdmes bs weoo bs dlterlbo p`odmdes blg stblgbrgs.

=.2.2.5 Equdpfelt Bvbdobkdodty [equdreg t` Feet Kusdless

Expemtbtd`ls
W` geterfdle equdpfelt requdrefelts lemessbry t` feet kusdless
expemtbtd`ls, exemute the n`oo`wdlj pr`messes.

[eodbkdodty, bvbdobkdodty fbdltbdlbkdodty blg sbnety ([BF]) bssessfelt. Whds

pr`mess ds nurther gendleg bs n`oo`ws.

[eodbkdodty1  O``c
 O``c wdthdl the MFF] bt the v`oufe `n preveltdve blg
m`rremtdve tbscs pern`rfeg `l the equdpfelt blg evboubte whether `r l`t
the preveltdve fbdltelblme ds sunndmdelt el`ujh ky o``cdlj bt the
m`rremtdve fbdltelblme blg h`w the equdpfelt ds nbdodlj.

 Bvbdobkdodty1  M`fpbre
 M`fpbre the tdfe thbt equdpfelt ds prepbreg t` `perbte
versus the tdfe dt ds `ut-`n-servdme whel mbooeg t` `perbte.

Fbdltbdlbkdodty1   Mbl the equdpfelt ke ebsdoy repbdreg blg supp`rteg0 Dl

`ther w`rgs, mbl the equdpfelt ke repbdreg m`st-ennemtdveoy0 ^dewdlj blg
ulgerstblgdlj the m`ltelts `n hdst`rdmbo M`rremtdve Z`rc @rgers wdoo ydeog
thds dln`rfbtd`l

Ybje :2
:2 `n
 `n 274
274  
 

]bnety1   Evboubte equdpfelt p`sdlj sbnety rdscs t` pers`lleo `perbtdlj tthe

he
equdpfelt bt the tdfe `n equdpfelt nbdoure. Ds there b pers`lbo dlaury rdsc

nr`f kedljelerjy
`r suggel dl mo`sereoebse
pr`xdfdty
up`lbt nbdoure0
the tdfeGurdlj
`n nbdoure0 Ds there bdsthrebt
Fbdltelblme, there `n
b ndre
sbnety rdsc t` the mrbntw`rcer gurdlj repbdr ` `rr repobmefelt0 M`lsdger the
gejree `n O`mc-`ut/Wbj-`ut (O@W@), h`dstdlj `r rdjjdlj requdrefelts, nboo
pr`temtd`l, m`lndleg spbre eltry, blg h`t w`rc sumh bs muttdlj, jrdlgdlj
blg weogdlj.

Equdpfelt uptdfe blg g`wltdfe evboubtd`l 1 Whds requdrefelt dlmouges

trbmcdlj blg revdewdlj FWKN bo`lj wdth FWW[. Whds nulmtd`lbodty ds n`ulg
`l f`gerl MFF] pr`jrbfs

Equdpfelt nbdoure bssessfelt1 Fdldlj the MFF] gbtbkbse wdoo pr`vdge b

repbdr pr`ndoe. L`te h`w, w
whel
hel blg why equdpfelt nbdoeg `ver fbly
yebrs, bs b febls t` l`fdlbte equdpfelt bs mblgdgbtes n`r [MNB.

Yr`gumtd`l utdodzbtd`l1  Yoblldlj
 Yoblldlj blg smheguodlj evboubtd`ls bre kest
geterfdleg ky must`fer gefblg versus equdpfelt mbpbkdodty `ver tdfe
per expemtbtd`l.

 Bssessfelt `n fbdltelblme blg turlbr`ulg pobls1  Whds

 Whds bssessfelt
bppodes t` fblgbt`ry `r gdsmretd`lbry pobls. Wurlbr`ulgs bre m`ltdlubooy
kedlj poblleg s` lew pobls m`ffelme the gby `og pobls elg. Fbxdfbo
tdfe ds boo`mbteg n`r sm`pdlj w`rc prd`r t` the `lset `n the turlbr`ulg.
[emurrdlj fbdltelblme pobls bre fef`rdbodzeg wdthdl the MFF] blg
upgbteg bs the equdpfelt fbdltelblme requdrefelts mhblje per
equdpfelt m`lgdtd`l bssessfelt.

=.2.; W``os
Whese t``os bre leegeg t` supp`rt the m`lmepts blg reobteg pr`messes
ennemtdveoy blg thereky bmhdeve the equdpfelt reodbkdodty expemtbtd`ls.

=.2.;.2 Yr`mess [eodbkdodty F`geodlj

Whese t``os elsure `verboo vdsdkdodty blg fblbjefelt `n equdpfelt reodbkdodty
dl the `perbtdlj m`ltext dl whdmh they bre m`lndjureg.

Ybje :;
:; `n
 `n 274
274  
 

Yr`mess sdfuobtd`l blg [BF] f`geodlj blg blboysds

@perbtdlj pbrbfeter f`ldt`rdlj

Kugjet f`ldt`rdlj
Fblbjefelt blg bmtubo m`st trbmcdlj
`n mhbljes
Wemhldmbo dlmdgelt rep`rtdlj, dlvestdjbtd`l blg m`rremtdve bmtd`l pr`mess
fblbjefelt.

=.2.;.; Nbmdodty Oeveo Bvbdobkdodty ]dfuobtd`l

Nbmdodty-oeveo equdpfelt m`lndjurbtd`ls leeg t` ke renoemteg blg fblbjeg dl
reodbkdodty t``os. Whds brrbljefelt wdoo grdve sustbdlfelt blg dfpr`vefelt. B
odst `n t``os typdmbooy useg n`r thds purp`se ds bs n`oo`ws.

 Bsset rejdster (n`r fbdltelblme sdjldndmblt dtefs)

Mrdtdmbodty blboysds
Nbdoure F`ge blg Ennemt Blboysds (NFEB) blboysds
blbo ysds s`ntwbre n`r equdpfelt
oeveo nulmtd`ls blg ennemts
[eodbkdodty Meltereg Fbdltelblme ([MF) blboysds
Nbdoure [em`rgdlj blg M`rremtdve Bmtd`l ]ystef (N[BMB])
[``t Mbuse Nbdoure Blboysds ([MNB)
Yhysdmbo/temhldmbo r``t mbuse pern`rfblme-f`ldt`rdlj s`ntwbre
M`lgdtd`l f`ldt`rdlj equdpfelt blg s`ntwbre
Femhbldmbo dltejrdty blg [KD s`ntwbre
]bnety Dltejrdty Oeveo (]DO)
M`fputerdzeg Fbdltelblme Fblbjefelt ]ystefs (MFF])
Odnemymoe bssessfelt

=.2.;.= ]mheguoe `n @utbjes [equdreg ky [ejuobtd`l `r M`ge

Fblgbt`ry rejuobt`ry rep`rts leeg t` ke dgeltdndeg, pr`gumeg blg pr`vdgeg
t` rejuobt`ry k`gdes dl bmm`rgblme wdth bppodmbkoe rejuobtd`ls, t` sh`w
m`fpodblme wdth fbdltelblme tbscs pern`rfeg ulger systef `utbje
m`lgdtd`ls.

=.2.= Yr`messes
Whe n`oo`wdlj equdpfelt-reodbkdodty pr`messes bre leegeg t` bmhdeve the
`utm`fes gendleg keo`w ulger the ‟M`lmepts‖ hebgdlj. 
hebgdlj. 

Ybje :=
:= `n
 `n 274
274  
 

Ulgerstblg the pr`mess reodbkdodty requdrefelts gesmrdkeg dl Ydoobr ;

Geveo`p nbmdodtdes temhldmbo dln`rfbtd`l

Geveo`p, fbdltbdl
Gendle blg blg strbtejdes
dfpoefelt fblbje mhblje t` the
n`r bssets, bsset rejdster
reodbkdodty blg fbdltelblme.
Evboubte, bssess blg rblc the mrdtdmbodty `n bssets
Geveo`p b fbdltelblme blg reodbkdodty pr`jrbf
 Bssess bsset nbdoure, m`lgdtd`l blg pern`rfblme
[evdew pr`mess reodbkdodty requdrefelts blg bgaust strbtejdes bmm`rgdljoy
Fblbje m`rremtdve bmtd`ls
Fblbje mhblje t` bssets, strbtejdes, pr`jrbfs blg pobls
Geveo`p blg rep`rt the bgequbte cey pern`rfblme dlgdmbtd`ls (CYDs) dl odle
wdth kusdless leegs blg expemtbtd`ls

=.; Evboubte Equdpfelt [eodbkdodty Blg Dgeltdny Dfpr`vefelt

@pp`rtuldtdes
Whe evboubtd`l `n equdpfelt reodbkdodty kejdls wdth the seoemtd`l `n where, h`w,
blg whel t` febsure equdpfelt pern`rfblme. M`lsdstelt blg bmmurbte gbtb
m`ooemtd`l feth`gs bre esseltdbo. Blboysds `n pern`rfblme gbtb fust bos`
m`lsdger o`bg, speeg, elvdr`lfelt, blg `ther nbmt`rs thbt fby dlnouelme
pern`rfblme.

@lme sunndmdelt equdpfelt gbtb hbs keel jbthereg, dt mbl ke m`fpbreg wdth the
estbkodsheg expemtbtd`ls `n reodbkdodty blg bvbdobkdodty. Jbps dgeltdndeg dl thds
m`fpbrds`l bre mblgdgbtes n`r nurther dlvestdjbtd`l.

 Bly equdpfelt thbt ds l`t feetdlj pern`rfblme expemtbtd`ls fby ke blboyzeg

ky b vbrdety `n feth`gs (e.j.,
( e.j., r``t
 r``t mbuse blboysds, Zedkuoo blboysds). L`fdlbo
gesdjl pbrbfeters blg kest gef`lstrbteg pern`rfblme oeveos sh`uog bos` ke
m`fpbreg wdth the pr`mess requdrefelts3 thbt wby, dt mbl ke geterfdleg dn the
requdrefelts hbve mhbljeg `ver tdfe t` the p`dlt thbt they exmeeg the
dlherelt gesdjl mbpbmdty `n the equdpfelt. Whds m`fprehelsdve blboysds resuots
dl moebroy gendleg dfpr`vefelt `pp`rtuldtdes n`r bmhdevdlj equdpfelt
pern`rfblme thbt feets expemtbtd`ls.

=.;.2 M`lmepts
Whe m`lmepts n`r thds semtd`l bre bs n`oo`ws.

Ybje :7
:7 `n
 `n 274
274  
 

Murrelt m`lgdtd`l, mbpbkdodtdes blg odfdtbtd`ls `n equdpfelt blg pr`gumtd`l

pr`messes.

Expemteg nbdoure f`ges

Murrelt fbdltelblme n`r equdpfelt
& reodbkdodty dl the murrelt `perbtdlj m`ltext
strbtejdes
Yr`jrbfs dl pobme t` fdtdjbte rdsc `n nbdoure
Murrelt w`rcno`w pr`messes
Fbdltelblme enndmdelmy blg reodbkdodty ennemtdveless febsurefelt
Yern`rfblme febsures, dlmougdlj oebgdlj, pr`mess, blg objjdlj
Febsureg m`fpbrds`l `n murrelt pern`rfblme thr`ujh kelmhfbrcdlj
[equdreg steps t` bggress dgeltdndeg jbps oebgdlj t` dfpr`veg reodbkdodty

=.;.; W``os
Where bre fbly t``os t` elbkoe pr`messes blg pr`megures. Whese dlmouge t``os
thbt bre nuooy gesmrdkeg dl the ]emtd`ls
]emtd `ls `l ‟Equdpfelt [eodbkdodty Kest Yrbmtdmes
Fetrdms‖ `n the murrelt egdtd`l `n ‟]F[Y Kest Yrbmtdmes.‖

W`tbo g`wltdfe ”
g`wltdfe ” ]emtd`l
 ]emtd`l =.;
]mheguoeg g`wltdfe  ” ]emtd`l =.=
Ulsmheguoeg g`wltdfe  ” ]emtd`l =.7
FWKN (Febl Wdfe ketweel Nbdoures) ”
Nbdoures) ” ]emtd`l
 ]emtd`l =.5.2
FWW[ (Febl Wdfe t` [epbdr) ”
[epbdr) ” ]emtd`l
 ]emtd`l =.5.;
FWKF (Febl Wdfe ketweel Fbdltelblme) ”
Fbdltelblme) ” ]emtd`l
 ]emtd`l =.5.=
FGW (Febl G`wl Wdfe) ”
Wdfe) ” ]emtd`l
 ]emtd`l =.5.7
FWWN (Febl Wdfe t` Nbdoure) ”
Nbdoure) ” ]emtd`l
 ]emtd`l =.5.5

 Bggdtd`lbo t``os dlmouge w`rc-`rger fblbjefelt w`rcno`w fetrdms (e.j.

pr`bmtdve versus rebmtdve) bs n`oo`ws1

 Bvbdobkdodty fetrdms
Rubodty fetrdms
]peeg/rul rbte fetrdms
M`st fetrdms
EH&] pern`rfblme fetrdms
Elerjy enndmdelmy fetrdms
Mrdtdmbodty blboysds
[``t mbuse blboysds
Dltervbo blboysds (Zedkuoo)
 Bsset heboth bssessfelt t``os

Ybje :5
:5 `n
 `n 274
274  
 

=.;.= Yr`messes
Yr`messes requdreg t` bmhdeve the `utm`fes gendleg ulger the ‟M`lmepts‖
hebgdlj bre bs n`oo`ws1

Yrd`rdtdze equdpfelt bssets blg pr`messes t` bssure thbt fbdltelblme blg

reodbkdodty res`urmes bre bppr`prdbteoy boo`mbteg.
 Bssess murrelt m`lgdtd`l blg mbpbkdodtdes `n equdpfelt bssets blg pr`gumtd`l
pr`messes.
[evdew equdpfelt `perbtdlj blg fbdltelblme hdst`ry blg nbdoure
dgeltdndmbtd`l.
N`r exdstdlj equdpfelt blg pr`messes, revdew resuots `n pern`rfblme
bssessfelt t` dgeltdny `pp`rtuldtdes n`r dfpr`vefelt
dfpr`vef elt blg p`teltdbo
pern`rfblme sh`rtnboos.
Geveo`p getbdoeg pbth n`rwbrg / bmtd`l pobl t` bggress dgeltdndeg reodbkdodty
jbps.

=.= Estbkodsh B ]trbtejdm Yobl W` Bssure [eodbkdodty

[ eodbkdodty @n Exdstdlj
Equdpfelt
Yr`peroy geveo`peg fbdltelblme blg reodbkdodty pobls m`lsdst
m`lsd st `n `ptdfbo tbscs t`
sbneoy feet reodbkdodty blg bvbdobkdodty requdrefelts bt the o`west sustbdlbkoe
m`st. Whe bmhdevefelt `n thds j`bo requdres the dgeltdndmbtd`l `n bppr`prdbte
blboysds temhldques3 the geveo`pfelt `n fbdltelblme strbtejy blg tbmtdms3 blg
b th`r`ujh ulgerstblgdlj `n the sm`pe blg bppodmbtd`ls `n fbdltelblme bmtdvdty
types (e.j.,
(e.j., m`lgdtd`l-kbseg,
 m`lgdtd`l-kbseg, rest`rbtdve blg repobmefelt, nbdoure-ndlgdlj,
but`l`f`us, etm.
etm.).
).

Whe use `n `le `r f`re pr`messes n`museg `l the geveo`pfelt `n reodbkdodty-

kbseg fbdltelblme pobls ds rem`ffelgeg. ]eoemtd`l fby ke kbseg `l the
mrdtdmbodty blg nbdoure m`lsequelmes `n the bsset, systef, `r pr`mess t` elsure
bodjlfelt wdth the strbtejdm pobl. Dt ds dfp`rtblt t` pern`rf perd`gdm revdews `n
these pobls blg equdpfelt reodbkdodty pern`rfblme, blg t` bgaust bs kusdless
leegs, pern`rfblme, `r requdrefelts mhblje.

=.=.2 M`lmepts 
M`lmepts 

=.=.2.2 [dsc Dgeltdndmbtd`l

[dscs reobteg t` equdpfelt nbdoures leeg t` ke dgeltdndeg. Bos` equdpfelt
mrdtdmbodty blg jbps dl equdpfelt reodbkdodty leeg t` ke dgeltdndeg.

Ybje :>
:> `n
 `n 274
274  
 

=.=.2.; [dsc Fdtdjbtd`l 

Fdtdjbtd`l 
Dt ds lemessbry t` estbkodsh fbdltelblme strbtejdes, tbmtdms, pobls blg

bmtdvdtdes t` fdtdjbtedlrdsc
st`mcdlj strbtejdes `n nbdoure.
supp`rt Bos` spbre strbtejdes
`n fbdltelblme spbrt mrdtdmbodty
trbtejdes leegblboysds
t` ke blg
estbkodsheg.

Wemhl`o`jdes bre bvbdobkoe thbt fdjht dfpr`ve equdpfelt pr`mess reodbkdodty

blg the ennemtdveless `n exdstdlj fbdltelblme strbtejdes blg pobls. Whese
temhl`o`jdes leeg t` ke bppodeg blg dltejrbteg wdth the w`rc fblbjefelt
pr`mess.

=.=.; W``os
W``os t` elbkoe the pr`messes blg pr`megures bre bs n`oo`ws1

Mrdtdmbodty bssessfelt t``os

[eodbkdodty-meltereg fbdltelblme blboysds
Nbdoure f`ges ennemts blg mrdtdmbodty blboysds (NFEMB) tbrjets the ennemts `n
nbdoure `l the nulmtd`l `n the equdpfelt
Yremdsd`l fbdltelblme
 But`l`f`us fbdltelblme
[est`rbtd`l blg repobmefelt bmtdvdtdes
]pbre pbrt fblbjefelt (dl supp`rt `n rest`re blg repobme bmtdvdtdes)
M`lgdtd`l-kbseg fbdltelblme bmtdvdtdes
Nbdoure-ndlgdlj tbscs
[dsc-bssessfelt t``os
[``t mbuse nbdoure blboysds ([MNB)

=.=.= Yr`messes
Whe pr`messes leegeg t` bmhdeve the `utm`fes gendleg ulger the m`lmepts
hebgdlj bre bs n`oo`ws.

Mrdtdmbodty bppodes l`t `loy t` the equdpfelt mrdtdmbodty kut bos` `l the mobss,
seoemtd`l blg bppodmbtd`l `n bppr`prdbte fbdltelblme strbtejdes.

 Bggdtd`lbo blboysds t` dgeltdny bppr`prdbte fbdltelblme strbtejdes ds requdreg

n`r equdpfelt `r pr`messes where fbdltelblme m`sts bre hdjh `r reodbkdodty ds
o`w.

Ybje ::
:: `n
 `n 274
274  
 

=.7 Estbkodsh B ]trbtejdm Yobl W` Bssure [eodbkdodty @n Lew Equdpfelt

Whe pobl wdoo dlmouge reodbkdodty spemdndmbtd`ls blg
b lg bmmeptblme mrdterdb bs weoo bs
requdrefelts n`r m`fpoete g`mufeltbtd`l, etm.

Whe strbtejy n`r equdpfelt reodbkdodty gendles the pern`rfblme, bvbdobkdodty, blg
fbdltbdlbkdodty requdrefelts t` bmhdeve the kusdless fdssd`l. Whese
requdrefelts bre trblsobteg dlt` reodbkdodty spemdndmbtd`ls blg bmmeptblme mrdterdb
n`r pr`murdlj equdpfelt, dlmougdlj g`mufeltbtd`l requdrefelts. Whey bos`
pr`vdge spemdndm judgblme n`r use dl the fbdltelblme poblldlj pr`mess. B
g`mufelteg equdpfelt reodbkdodty strbtejy thbt ds nuooy dltejrbteg dlt` the
equdpfelt seoemtd`l, pr`murefelt, blg m`ffdssd`ldlj pr`messes ds the
esseltdbo ndrst step dl bssurdlj reodbkdodty `ver the odne `n the equdpfelt. Whe
strbtejy n`r lew equdpfelt sh`uog ke m`ljruelt wdth the strbtejdm pobl.

=.7.2 M`lmepts

Whe m`lmepts n`r thds semtd`l bre bs n`oo`ws1

Ulgerstblg bppodmbkoe Fbdltelblme blg [eodbkdodty (F&[) ‟kest prbmtdmes‖ n`r
dldtdbo gesdjl mrdterdb.
Yr`murefelt `n equdpfelt thbt ydeogs the o`west `verboo odne-mymoe m`st whdoe
feetdlj kusdless leegs.
M`lsdger fbdltelblme strbtejdes blg spbre pbrts supp`rt dl the blboyses `n
the Odne Mymoe M`st blg W`tbo M`st `n @wlershdp.
 Bmmeptblme tests sh`uog geterfdle `r pr`ve thbt
thbt reodbkdodty mrdterdb hbve keel
fet.
M`ffdssd`ldlj tests sh`uog geterfdle `r pr`ve thbt reodbkdodty mrdterdb hbve
keel fet.

N`r mbpdtbo
hdst`ry equdpfelt
exdsts, purmhbses
bppoy F&[ blg dlstboobtd`ls
‟kest prbmtdmes‖ where
t` bssure
bssure l` fbdltelblme
fbxdfuf reodbkdodty.
N`r mbpdtbo equdpfelt purmhbses blg dlstboobtd`ls where odce equdpfelt
exdsts, bppoy exdstdlj F&[ ‟kest prbmtdmes‖ t` bssure fbxdfuf reodbkdodty. 
reodbkdodty.  
Equdpfelt mrdtdmbodty p`st-gesdjl

=.7.; W``os
W``os t` elbkoe the pr`messes blg pr`megures bre bs n`oo`ws1

Odne-mymoe m`st blboysds

Mrdtdmbodty bssessfelt t``os
 ^boue strebf blboysds
[eodbkdodty-meltereg fbdltelblme blboysds

Ybje :8
:8 `n
 `n 274
274  
 

Nbdoure f`ges blg ennemts mrdtdmbodty blboysds

Nbdoure f`ge fbppdlj
Yurmhbsdlj spemdndmbtd`ls

[eodbkdodty requdrefelts
]tblgbrgdzbtd`l
Yern`rfblme requdrefelts
Erj`l`fdm requdrefelts
Rubodndmbtd`l `n velg`rs
Yern`rfblme spemdndmbtd`ls blg vbodgbtd`l testdlj
Yremdsd`l dlstboobtd`l prbmtdmes blg spemdndmbtd`ls
Getbdoeg m`ffdssd`ldlj blg `perbtdlj pr`megures
Yr`per bppodmbtd`l `n eljdleereg fbdltelblme strbtejdes
]pbre pbrt strbtejdes blg bmtdvdtdes
F&[ ‟kest prbmtdmes‖  
M`lgdtd`l f`ldt`rdlj strbtejdes
Yreveltdve fbdltelblme strbtejdes
 But`l`f`us fbdltelblme strbtejdes

=.7.= Yr`messes
Yr`messes t` bmhdeve
bmhdeve the `utm`fes gendleg ulger the ‟M`lmepts‖ hebgdlj bre
bs n`oo`ws1

Gesdjl n`r reodbkdodty

Gesdjl n`r fbdltbdlbkdodty
Kbseg up`l equdpfelt mobss, mrdtdmbodty blg exdstdlj m`lgdtd`l, seoemt blg
bppoy bppr`prdbte F&[ strbtejdes prd`rdtdzeg ky equdpfelt mrdtdmbodty
N`r equdpfelt `r pr`messes where fbdltelblme m`sts bre hdjh `r reodbkdodty ds
o`w, pern`rf bggdtd`lbo blboysds t` dgeltdny bppr`prdbte fbdltelblme blg
supp`rtdlj spbre pbrt strbtejdes

=.5 Austdny the M`sts `n ]eoemteg Yobls n`r Dfpoefeltbtd`l

Dt fby ke lemessbry t` m`lgumt b m`st-kelendt blboysds, m`ffuldmbte the
kelendts, blg `ktbdl bppr`vbo, etm.

Ybje :4
:4 `n
 `n 274
274  
 

M`st austdndmbtd`l ds kbseg up`l dgeltdndeg blg qubltdndeg kelendts `r vboues,

m`sts `r res`urmes, blg p`ssdkoy rdscs bss`mdbteg wdth b pr`p`seg equdpfelt
reodbkdodty pobl. Whese bre useg t` pr`gume bl dln`rfbtd`l
dln `rfbtd`l pbmcbje n`r gemdsd`l-

fbcdlj blg pern`rfblme

bs b kusdless febsurefelt.
mbse dl b n`rfbt Whe
sudtbkoe n`r dln`rfbtd`l
elterprdse pbmcbje
kugjet ds preselteg
rep`rtdlj blg
blboysds. Whe pbmcbje ds b usenuo t``o n`r `ktbdldlj fblbjefelt bppr`vbo n`r
ndlblmdbo blg obk`r res`urmes lemessbry t` dfpoefelt strbtejdm blg tbmtdmbo
pobls blg bmhdeve spemdndeg reodbkdodty requdrefelts.

=.5.2 M`lmepts
Whe m`lmepts whdmh bppoy t` thds semtd`l bre bs n`oo`ws1

G`oobr vboue `n `verboo equdpfelt ennemtdveless (@EE)

Ennemts `n l`t feetdlj kusdless leegs
H`w the equdpfelt `r pr`mess seoemtd`l dfpbmts elerjy enndmdelmy
Mbomuobtd`l `n odne-mymoe m`st, yebr-t`-gbte m`st blg repobmefelt m`st.
Ulgerstblg the nuoo odne-mymoe m`st p`rtd`l `n the equdpfelt gue t` reodbkdodty
Mbomuobtd`l `n gdremt fbdltelblme m`st blg pr`gumtd`l pr`mess o`ss gue t`
ulreodbkdodty
Hurgoe rbte t` bppr`ve the nulgdlj n`r the pr`gumt (mbpdtbo) pr`aemt. ‟Hurgoe
rbte‖ ds the fdldfuf rbte `n returl `l b pr`aemt `r dlvestfelt. Dt ds the
wedjhteg bverbje m`st `n mbpdtbo, `r expemteg dlterlbo rbte `n returl3 `r the
permeltbje `r dlvestfelt set ky the `rjbldzbtd`l, typdmbooy kbseg `l
 ‟dlvestfelt t` pr`ndt returl `l the pr`gumt,‖
pr`gumt,‖
]bnety `r elvdr`lfeltbo dfpbmt resuotdlj nr`f equdpfelt nbdoure
[es`urmes requdreg t` dfpoefelt versus l`t dfpoefeltdlj

=.5.; W``os
W``os useg t` elbkoe the pr`messes blg pr`megures bre bs n`oo`ws.

Dltervbo blboysds, sumh bs Zedkuoo `r Mr`w BF]BB

Equdpfelt [eodbkdodty Kest Yrbmtdmes Fetrdms1

W`tbo g`wltdfe
]mheguoeg g`wltdfe
Ulsmheguoeg g`wltdfe
FWKN (febl tdfe ketweel nbdoures)
FWW[ (febl tdfe t` repbdr)
FWKF (febl tdfe ketweel fbdltelblme)
FGW (febl g`wltdfe)

Ybje 89
89 `n
 `n 274
274  
 

Fbdltelblme M`st Fetrdms blg Yr`gumtd`l O`ss Fetrdms1

Fbterdbo m`st

Obk`r
]ervdmem`st
m`st
[ew`rc m`st
Zrelmh tdfe m`st

Z`rcno`w Fetrdms (e.j., permelt poblleg versus ulpoblleg)

@verboo Equdpfelt Ennemtdveless Fetrdms1

 Bvbdobkdodty fetrdms
Rubodty fetrdms
]peeg/[ul rbte fetrdms
EH&] pern`rfblme fetrdms
Elerjy enndmdelmy fetrdms

=.5.= Yr`messes
Yr`messes t` bmhdeve the `utm`fes lemessbry t` austdny the m`sts `n seoemteg
pobls bre bs n`oo`ws1

Dgeltdny hdjh-m`st equdpfelt uldts, usdlj use Ybret` mhbrts thbt dlmouge m`st
`n o`st pr`gumtd`l pous fbdltelblme m`sts
Mbomuobte ndlblmdbo fetrdms t` austdny the seoemteg fbdltelblme pobls ( e.j.
e.j.,,
GMN blg LY^)
Estbkodsh equdpfelt fbdltelblme pobl res`urmes kugjet
Geterfdle blg steer t`wbrgs the ndlblmdbo fetrdms thbt bre requdreg t`
fblbje fbdltelblme pobls
Geveo`p kusdless pobl
Yrd`rdtdze m`sts bs requdreg t` feet kusdless pobl
Geterfdle m`st gdnnerelme `n smheguoeg versus ulsmheguoeg repbdr w`rc t`
elbkoe ‟whbt dn‖ bssessfelts t` austdny m`sts `n the fbdltelblme pobl.  

=.> Dfpoefelt ]eoemteg Yobls t` Bssure Equdpfelt [eodbkdodty

Dfpoefeltdlj bl equdpfelt reodbkdodty strbtejy fby dlmouge f`ldt`rdlj
equdpfelt m`lgdtd`l, febsurdlj equdpfelt pern`rfblme, blboyzdlj gbtb,
m`ffuldmbtdlj resuots blg rem`ffelgbtd`ls, blg tbcdlj bppr`prdbte bmtd`l t`
bmhdeve spemdndeg reodbkdodty requdrefelts. Yr`peroy bppodeg temhl`o`jdes blg
pr`megures bre ceys t` dfpoefeltbtd`l. Whe `rjbldzbtd`l sh`uog ke strumtureg
t` supp`rt blg elbkoe the dfpoefeltbtd`l `n b reodbkdodty strbtejy.

Ybje 82
82 `n
 `n 274
274  
 

=.>.2 M`lmepts
W` dfpoefelt pobls n`r reodbkdodty bssurblme, dt ds lemessbry t` bodjl blg

pr`bmtdveoy
gejrbgbtd`lfblbje the thdljs
blg nbdoure) thbt dfpege
blg geveo`p reodbkdodty
b pobls (sumh
t` fdtdjbte bs equdpfelt
th`se ennemts. Cey
m`lmepts thbt dfpbmt dfpoefeltbtd`l bre bs n`oo`ws1

Gesdjl n`r reodbkdodty

Yr`murefelt blg st`rbje `n spbre pbrts
@perbtdlj wdthdl the equdpfelt mbpbkdodty
Yremdsd`l fbdltelblme blg repbdr
Equdpfelt m`lgdtd`l blg pern`rfblme f`ldt`rdlj
Nbdoure dgeltdndmbtd`l blg pregdmtd`l `r estdfbtd`l
Nbdoure f`ge blg reobteg nbdoure preveltd`l strbtejdes blg tbmtdms
[equdreg stblgbrg fbdltelblme pr`megures
Yreveltdve blg m`rremtdve w`rc dldtdbtd`l.
Fbdltelblme w`rc-fblbjefelt pr`messes (see Ydoobr 5)
Nbdoure dlvestdjbtd`l blg r``t mbuse nbdoure blboysds ([MNB) dlmougdlj physdmbo
blg temhldmbo r``t mbuse
[es`urme requdrefelts n`r dfpoefeltbtd`l
@rjbldzbtd`lbo mhblje dssues
]cdoo sets, dlmougdlj temhldmbo scdoos blg s`nt scdoos (preseltbtd`l blg
m`ffuldmbtd`l)
Kusdless blg fblbjefelt dssues gue t` the dfpbmt `n `utbjes

=.>.; W``os
W``osets t` exemute blg supp`rt m`lmepts vbry gepelgdlj `l the type,
m`fpoexdty blg m`lndjurbtd`l `n the equdpfelt bs weoo ds the `perbtdlj
m`ltext. Whey leeg t` ke useg blg fblbjeg ennemtdveoy t` m`ver the reodbkdodty
bssurblme pbrt `n the odnemymoe. [equdreg t``os bre bs n`oo`ws1

Yr`mess m`ltr`o f`ldt`rdlj systefs

Equdpfelt m`lgdtd`l f`ldt`rdlj systefs
Yregdmtdve Fbdltelblme (YgF) t``os blg s`ntwbre/hbrgwbre systefs
M`fputerdzeg fbdltelblme fblbjefelt systef (MFF])
Z`rc fblbjefelt prbmtdmes blg pr`megures
A`k gesmrdptd`ls
]cdoos trbdldlj
M`ffuldmbtd`l pobl
Cey pern`rfblme dlgdmbt`rs (CYDs)

Ybje 8;
8; `n
 `n 274
274  
 

=.>.= Yr`messes
Whe n`oo`wdlj pr`messes sh`uog ke exemuteg t` supp`rt the m`lmepts.

Fbdltelblme fblbjefelt pr`jrbf usdlj the n`oo`wdlj s`ntwbre t``os.

MFF]/EBF
Wemhl`o`jy spemdndm gbtbkbse
Fbmhdle Oebrldlj
 Bsset/pregdmtdve blboytdms

Nbdoure pregdmtd`l blg blboysds pr`mess

Dfpoefeltbtd`l m`ffuldmbtd`l strbtejy
 Bmqudre scdoos thr`ujh trbdldlj `r hdrdlj pr`mess
Geveo`p stblgbrg fbdltelblme pr`megures
[em`ffelg kusdless pr`messes t` bggress sh`rtm`fdljs
Geveo`p pobl n`r m`ltdlubo dfpr`vefelt

=.: [evdew [eodbkdodty @n Equdpfelt Blg Bgaust [eodbkdodty ]trbtejy

 Bssess cey pern`rfblme dlgdmbt`rs, blboyze gevdbtd`ls, dgeltdny reoevblt kest
prbmtdmes, blg dfpoefelt m`ltdlubo dfpr`vefelt, etm.

Every reodbkdodty pr`jrbf sh`uog ke bssesseg bjbdlst estbkodsheg reodbkdodty j`bos

blg pr`mess expemtbtd`ls.

Mbrenuooy seoemteg fbdltelblme blg reodbkdodty cey pern`rfblme dlgdmbt`rs (CYDs)

pr`vdge dlsdjht dlt` the ennemtdveless `n the reodbkdodty strbtejy bs dt ds bppodeg.
 Blboysds blg m`fpbrds`l `n CYD trelgs (bo`lj wdth resebrmh dlt` the mbuse `n
gevdbtd`ls nr`f expemteg pern`rfblme) oebg t` tbmtdmbo dfpoefeltbtd`l
bgaustfelts, whdmh dl turl dfpbmt the CYD resuots.

[eoevblt dlgustry kest prbmtdmes blg reobteg fetrdms bos` grdve m`ltdlubo
dfpr`vefelt `n the fbdltelblme blg reodbkdodty pr`messes. Whese kest prbmtdmes
supp`rt kusdless `kaemtdves whel dltejrbteg bppr`prdbteoy bt the strbtejdm blg
tbmtdmbo oeveos. ]`fe exbfpoes `n dlgustry kest prbmtdmes bre bs n`oo`ws.

[evdew blg evboubte fbdltelblme-pobl gbtb

Wbrjet nbdoure f`ges ky equdpfelt mobss
Geveo`p blg rem`ffelg m`rremtdve-bmtd`l pr`messes

Ybje 8=
8= `n
 `n 274
274  
 

=.:.2 M`lmepts
M`lmepts n`r bssessfelt bre bs n`oo`ws1

Murrelt-stbte
kest prbmtdmes kelmhfbrcdlj bjbdlst exterlbo- blg dlterlbo-stblgbrgs blg
@verboo gesdjl mbpbkdodtdes `n the poblt
]eoemteg CYDs blg feth`gs `n mbomuobtd`l
Wbrjet settdlj n`r CYDs t` elbkoe pern`rfblme fblbjefelt
M`ltdlubo dfpr`vefelt pr`mess usdlj pobl, g`, mhemc blg
bl g bmt (YGMB) blg
usdlj tbrjets t` grdve the m`rremt kehbvd`r blg pern`rfblme.

=.:.; W``os
W``os n`r bssessfelt bre bs n`oo`ws1

 Bugdtdlj `n pr`mess blg gbtb fblbjefelt

Gbshk`brgs
febsures t` pr`gume CYDs blg reobteg pern`rfblme dlgdmbt`rs blg blboysds
MFF], OYB blg g`wltdfe systefs
]tbtdstdmbo gbtb blboysds
]trbtejdm blg tbmtdmbo Yobl

=.:.= Yr`messes
Yr`messes t` supp`rt the m`lmepts `n bssessfelt bre bs n`oo`ws.

Dgeltdny blg bssess jbps ketweel bmtubo pern`rfblme blg dfpr`vefelt

tbrjets
[evdew the `kserveg nbdoure f`ges versus tbrjeteg nbdoure f`ges ky
equdpfelt mobss
Nbdoure dlvestdjbtd`l blg genemt eodfdlbtd`l
Dfpoefelt m`rremtdve bmtd`ls requdreg mo`se pern`rfblme jbps
 Bppoy b m`ltdlu`us genemt-eodfdlbtd`l strbtejy
Wrbmc strbtejdm blg tbmtdmbo bmtd`ls t` m`fpoetd`l

Ybje 87
87 `n
 `n 274
274  
 

Ydoobr = Fetrdms Bppelgdx

W` bmmess blg g`wlo`bg the ]F[Y Kest Yrbmtdmes >th Egdtd`l, poebse j` t`

www.sfrp.`rj.. 
www.sfrp.`rj

Fetrdm =.2 ]ystefs M`vereg ky Mrdtdmbodty Blboysds

Fetrdm =.; W`tbo G`wltdfe
Fetrdm =.= ]mheguoeg G`wltdfe
Fetrdm =.7 Ulsmheguoeg G`wltdfe
Fetrdm =.5.2 Febl Wdfe Ketweel Nbdoures (FWKN)
Fetrdm =.5.; Febl Wdfe t` [epbdr `r [epobme (FWW[)
Fetrdm =.5.= Febl Wdfe Ketweel Fbdltelblme (FWKF)
Fetrdm =.5.7 Febl G`wltdfe (FGW)
Fetrdm =.5.5 Febl Wdfe W` Nbdoure (FWWN)

Ybje 85
85 `n
 `n 274
274  
 

F&[ K`gy `n Cl`woegje

@vervdew `n 7.9 @rjbldzbtd`l & Oebgershdp

 Ybje 8>
8> `n
 `n 274
274  

7.9 Oebgershdp blg @rjbldzbtd`l

Whds sukaemt breb gesmrdkes pr`messes n`r bssurdlj thbt the fbdltelblme blg
reodbkdodty stbnn ds weoo qubodndeg blg bssdjleg t` bmhdeve the fbdltelblme blg
reodbkdodty `rjbldzbtd`l j`bos.

7.2 Geterfdle @rjbldzbtd`lbo [equdrefelts 

7.2.2 M`lmepts
Whe `rjbldzbtd`lbo requdrefelts leeg t` bodjl wdth the Fbdltelblme &
[eodbkdodty strbtejdm pobl. Blboyze the `verboo mbpbkdodty `n the `rjbldzbtd`l dl
terfs `n the kusdless m`lgdtd`ls dl whdmh the `rjbldzbtd`l `perbtes blg the
mbpbkdodty blg scdoos `n pers`lleo bs weoo bs dlgustrdbo trelgs, dssues blg
`pp`rtuldtdes thbt fdjht bnnemt the `rjbldzbtd`l—s pr`jrbfs. Geveo`p strbtejdm
blg tbmtdmbo pobls n`r hdrdlj qubodndeg pers`lleo, mrebtdlj bl efpo`yee trbdldlj
murrdmuouf, blg fbdltbdldlj the lemessbry scdoo oeveos ky m`ffuldmbtdlj t` boo
oeveos `n the `rjbldzbtd`l. Estbkodshdlj blg m`ffuldmbtdlj these requdrefelts
ebroy dl the poblldlj stbjes blg thr`ujh`ut the pr`mess wdoo bssdst dl
fbdltbdldlj bodjlfelt t` the `rjbldzbtd`lbo strbtejdm pobl.

7.2.2.2 Geveo`p the Fbdltelblme blg [eodbkdodty J`bos

 Bs gesmrdkeg dl the ndrst Ydoobr (2.9 Kusdless blg Fblbjefelt) the ndrst step
dl geveo`pdlj the `rjbldzbtd`lbo requdrefelts ds t` geterfdle whbt y`u
wdthdl the `rjbldzbtd`l bre trydlj t` bmm`fpodsh dl the sm`pe `n fbdltelblme
blg reodbkdodty. Wheren`re, sh`rt-terf blg o`lj-terf j`bos leeg t` ke
geveo`peg blg bjreeg up`l ky boo stbceh`ogers.

7.2.2.; Geveo`p bl @rjbldzbtd`lbo ]trbtejdm Bsset Fblbjefelt

Yobl
Geveo`p b strbtejdm bsset fblbjefelt pobl gesdjleg t` bmm`fpodsh the
fbdltelblme blg reodbkdodty j`bos. Whds pobl fby dlmouge cey pern`rfblme
dlgdmbt`r (CYD) geveo`pfelt. Dt fby bos` dlmouge fbdltelblme & reodbkdodty
reodbkd odty
kusdless pr`messes sumh bs w`rc fblbjefelt, reodbkdodty eljdleerdlj,
pregdmtdve blg pr`bmtdve fbdltelblme, premdsd`l fbdltelblme, blg fbterdbos
fblbjefelt pr`messes. Eljdleerdlj blg mbpdtbo dfpr`vefelt pr`messes mbl
ke dlmougeg. Whe pobl fby bos` dlmouge `perbtd`ls exmeooelme pr`messes
pr`fuojbteg thr`ujh hdjhoy smrutdldzeg stblgbrg `perbtdlj pr`megures
(]@Ys)3 m`fputerdzeg fbdltelblme fblbjefelt ]ystef (MFF])3 blg
elterprdse bsset fblbjefelt (EBF) usbje, rejbrgdlj w`rc fblbjefelt.
 Ybje 8:
8: `n
 `n 274
274  

 Boo these pr`messes bre gesdjleg t` heop bl `rjbldzbtd`l bttbdl dts strbtejdm
j`bos. Whe `verboo Fbdltelblme & [eodbkdodty (F&[) `rjbldzbtd`lbo rep`rtdlj
strbtejy sh`uog ke gesdjleg t` `perbte bo`ljsdge the `perbtd`ls blg

pr`gumtd`l
blg `rjbldzbtd`l3
pr`gumtd`l `r bs`rblbsdlgepelgelt
`rjbldzbtd`l, `rjbldzbtd`l
b m`fkdlbtd`l `n the tw`t` the `perbtd`ls
m`lmepts. Whe
rep`rtdlj strbtejy ds l`t thbt dfp`rtblt. Whe dfp`rtblt m`lmept ds thbt the
F&[ `rjbldzbtd`l strbtejy ds gesdjleg t` bmm`fpodsh the F&[ j`bos.

7.2.2.= Geveo`p the @rjbldzbtd`lbo [equdrefelts

Mertbdl Fbdltelblme & [eodbkdodty `rjbldzbtd`lbo requdrefelts bre lemessbry
t` supp`rt the `rjbldzbtd`l—s j`bos blg strbtejdm pobl. Whese requdrefelts
dlmouge p`sdtd`ls thbt supp`rt fbdltelblme blg reodbkdodty kusdless pr`messes.
Y`sdtd`ls dlmouge pobllers, smheguoers, reodbkdodty eljdleers blg fbdltelblme
eljdleers. Y`sdtd`ls dl supp`rt `n the fbterdbo fblbjefelt `rjbldzbtd`l
`rjbldz btd`l
(F[@) pr`messes fby dlmouge kuyers, pr`murefelt spemdbodsts, blg

st`rer``f pers`lleo.
@le feth`g useg dl `rjbldzbtd`lbo requdrefelts ds b resp`lsdkoe,
bmm`ultbkoe, m`lsuoteg blg dln`rfeg ([BMD) f`geo. B [BMD fbtrdx ds the
sdfpoest, f`st ennemtdve febls n`r gendldlj blg g`mufeltdlj pr`aemt r`oes
blg resp`lsdkdodtdes. Cl`wdlj exbmtoy wh` ds resp`lsdkoe, wh` ds bmm`ultbkoe,
wh` leegs t` ke m`lsuoteg, blg wh` fust ke cept dln`rfeg bt every step
wdoo sdjldndmbltoy dfpr`ve mhblmes `n pr`aemt summess.

Where bre b lufker `n boterlbtdves t` the [BMD f`geo thbt m`uog ke bppodeg
t` b spemdndm dlgustry `r pr`mess bppodmbtd`l.

7.2.; W``os
Whe F[@ pr`mess ds b mrumdbo pbrt `n the F&[ nulmtd`l. Bl ennemtdve t``o t`
refdlg the F[@ stbnn why they g` whbt they g` ds b ‟fdssd`l stbtefelt‖. 
stbtefelt‖.  

7.2.;.2 Bttrdkutes `n b Fdssd`l ]tbtefelt

@le seltelme dl oeljth
L`t w`rgy kut sh`rt blg summdlmt
Mbl ke ebsdoy fef`rdzeg
L`t aust w`rgs `r b so`jbl kut b m`lmept thbt pr`vdges b purp`se
Yukodsheg n`r dlterlbo must`fers t` see blg bmcl`woegje (dltrblet)
 Ybje 88
88 `n
 `n 274
274  

7.2.;.; Mrebtd`l blg Geveo`pfelt `n b Fbterdbo Fblbjefelt

@rjbldzbtd`l (F[@) Dln`rfbtd`l ]dte
Whe F[@ dln`rfbtd`l sdte sh`uog m`ltbdl the fdssd`l stbtefelt blg

dln`rfbtd`l bk`ut bmtdvdtdes

dlmouge `rjbldzbtd`lbo dl nbmdodty
mhbrts, supp`rtgesmrdptd`l,
`n the fdssd`l stbtefelt.
st`rer``f M`ltelts
oby`ut,
st`rer``f usbje judgeodles, w`rc fblbjefelt pr`mess, tdps `l h`w t` use
the MFF]/EBF f`guoes, tdps `l sbne w`rc prbmtdmes, tdps `l kest
fbdltelblme prbmtdmes, blg odlcs t` dlterlet fbdltelblme pukodmbtd`ls `n
dlterest. Dt mbl bos` dlmouge the pregdmtdve-, preveltdve- blg pr`bmtdve-
fbdltelblme pr`jrbf, fbdltelblme bmm`fpodshfelts, trbdldlj smheguoes,
`utbje smheguoes, prenerreg velg`rs, blg st`rer``f stbtdstdms wdth cey
pern`rfblme dlgdmbt`rs (CYDs).

 Boo fefkers `n the F[@ stbnn sh`uog m`ltrdkute t` the F[@ sdte dl `le n`rf
`r bl`ther. ]umh pbrtdmdpbtd`l pr`f`tes `wlershdp blg pr`bmtdveoy eljbjes

the dlterlbo
remelt F[@ must`fers
dln`rfbtd`lthey
`l bserve. Whds kbsds
qubrteroy sdte sh`uog ke upgbteg
dn l`t f`lthoy wdth
kbsds. the f`st
Where
sh`uog bos` ke b febls `n s`odmdtdlj neegkbmc `r m`lstrumtdve mrdtdmdsf.

7.2.= Yr`messes

7.2.=.2 Dldtdbo [eodbkdodty Yr`messes

Nr`f the kejdlldlj `n the poblldlj mymoe, ennemtdve reodbkdodty oebgers
dltelsdveoy n`mus `l ulgerstblgdlj the `rjbldzbtd`l—s `verboo strbtejdm pobl.
 Bl ennemtdve reodbkdodty oebger nbmdodtbtes the n`rfbtd`l `n b reodbkdodty pobl ky
bmtdveoy shbrdlj dln`rfbtd`l, dlmrebsdlj `verboo ulgerstblgdlj `n h`w the
reodbkdodty gepbrtfelt m`ltrdkutes t` blg supp`rts the `verboo strbtejdm pobl.
Whe oebger eodmdts supp`rt n`r the reodbkdodty-gepbrtfelt pobls wdth bs fumh
rebo dln`rfbtd`l blg getbdo bs requdreg t` `ktbdl supp`rt bt the strbtejdm
oeveo.

Oebgers nbmdodtbte the enndmdelmy `n the reodbkdodty gepbrtfelt blg kudog b

m`oobk`rbtdve w`rc elvdr`lfelt wdth bl `rjbldzeg pobl thbt moebroy
m`ffuldmbtes w`rc strumture t` the w`rc jr`ups wdth wh`f the gepbrtfelt
m`oobk`rbtes bs getbdoeg keo`w dl ]emtd`l 7.=.
 Ybje 84
84 `n
 `n 274
274  

Oebgers geveo`p ]FB[W dlmrefeltbo j`bos bs n`oo`ws1

 ‟]‖ n`r spemdndm, sdjldndmblt, stretmhdlj.

 ‟F‖ n`r bjreeg

 ‟B‖ n`r febsurbkoe,
up`l,febldljnuo, f`tdvbtd`lbo.
bttbdlbkoe, bmhdevbkoe, bmmeptbkoe, bmtd`l
bmtd`l-`rdelteg,
-`rdelteg,
 ‟[‖ n`r reoevblt, blg 
blg 
 ‟W‖ n`r tdfe-kbseg.
tdfe-kbseg.

Whe dgeltdndmbtd`l `n ]FB[W tbmtdmbo tbrjets boo`ws resuots t` ke febsureg

blg m`ffuldmbteg wdth stbceh`ogers. Ndlbooy, f`gdndmbtd`ls fdjht ke
m`lsdgereg dn the resuots bre l`t feetdlj ]FB[W tbrjets.

Dl bggdtd`l t` the bodjleg blg p`sdtdve reodbkdodty gepbrtfelt geodverbkoes3 the

oebger evboubtes, lej`tdbtes n`r, blg nbmdodtbtes the pr`murefelt `n the
res`urmes thbt the reodbkdodty gepbrtfelt requdres t` feet dts pr`fdses, bs

getbdoeg dl semtd`l 7.;.

7.2.=.; @lj`dlj [eodbkdodty Yr`messes n`r Oebgers
Ennemtdve reodbkdodty oebgers nbmdodtbte the mrebtd`l blg fbdltelblme `n CYDs,
whdmh n`mus the dlgdvdgubos blg w`rcjr`ups wdthdl the gepbrtfelt.

Oebgers mrebte b moebr m`ffuldmbtd`l feth`g`o`jy, whdmh supp`rts blg

rewbrgs dlmrefeltbo pr`jress t`wbrg bjreeg-up`l reodbkdodty j`bos. Whds
feth`g`o`jy supp`rts blg elm`urbjes dfpr`vefelts blg pr`jress, blg dt
pobdloy redln`rmes w`rcjr`up j`bos.

Oebgers evboubte `l-j`dlj dlteooemtubo res`urmes wdthdl the gepbrtfelt,

dlmougdlj res`urmes thbt feet reodbkdodty j`bos t` geveo`p pers`lleo bs
`utodleg dl ]emtd`l 7.7 keo`w. Oebgers nbmdodtbte b pobdloy ulgerst``g pr`mess
n`r requestdlj blg usdlj bggdtd`lbo egumbtd`l. Whey f`ldt`r the leegs `n boo
stbnn blg f`tdvbte thef t` ceep bkrebst `n geveo`pfelts blg dll`vbtd`ls,
whdmh wdoo elerjdze the `rjbldzbtd`l dl b p`sdtdve gdremtd`l.

Oebgers nbmdodtbte the pr`mess n`r evboubtdlj blg elm`urbjdlj the m`ltdlubo
dfpr`vefelt. M`ltdlubo dfpr`vefelt dl m`ffuldmbtd`l, b tebf-`rdelteg
m`oobk`rbtdve w`rc elvdr`lfelt, blg w`rc pern`rfblme wdoo m`ltrdkute
t`wbrg m`ltdlubooy dfpr`vdlj reodbkdodty bs `utodleg dl ]emtd`l 7.5 keo`w.
 Ybje 49
49 `n
 `n 274
274  

Oebgers m`ltdlubooy f`ldt`r pr`jress t`wbrg j`bo dfpr`vefelts. Whey

geveo`p ennemtdve f`gdndmbtd`ls t` the reodbkdodty pobl `r reodbkdodty bmtd`ls bs

requdreg
f`ldt`rs t` bssure
blg geodvery
dfpr`ves up`l`nthe
bjreeg-up`l resuots.
strbtejdm pobl, Dl bggdtd`l,
fbcdlj sure t` the oebger
bodjl `l-
j`dlj reodbkdodty enn`rts wdth `verboo `rjbldzbtd`lbo j`bos.

7.2.=.= Whe Ndlbo ]teps `n the YGMB Mymoe bre MHEMC blg BMW
Whe YGMB mymoe ds bl dterbtdve f`geo n`r m`ltdlu`us dfpr`vefelt `n the
qubodty `n pr`messes blg pr`gumts. Dt m`lsdsts `n b o`jdmbo sequelme `n n`ur
repetdtdve steps n`r m`ltdlu`us dfpr`vefelt blg oebrldlj.

YOBL  ds
 ds t` pobl bhebg n`r mhblje.
G@  ds
 ds t` exemute the pobl, tbcdlj sfboo steps dl m`ltr`ooeg mdrmufstblmes.
MHEMC  ds
 ds t` stugy the resuots.

 BMW  ds
 ds t` tbce bmtd`l t` stblgbrgdze `r dfpr`ve the pr`mess.
Ennemtdve reodbkdodty oebgers pr`bmtdveoy f`ldt`r, tbkuobte, m`ffuldmbte, blg
mymoe resuots `n the reodbkdodty gepbrtfelt ndlgdljs. ]umh rep`rtdlj ds getbdo
el`ujh t` n`ster ulgerstblgdlj ky w`rcjr`ups blg stbceh`ogers.

Oebgers nbdroy blg h`lestoy evboubte the reodbkdodty resuots bjbdlst the tbmtdmbo
blg strbtejdm pobl. Oebgers bmtdveoy meoekrbte the summesses wdth boo the
bmtdve m`ltrdkut`rs3 where resuots nboo sh`rt, they pr`bmtdveoy m`ffuldmbte
m`rremtdve dln`rfbtd`l wdth bgaustfelts blg gemdsd`ls.

7.2.=.7 GFBDM
GFBDM ds b gbtb-grdvel, qubodty strbtejy n`r dfpr`vdlj pr`messes. Both`ujh
GFBDM ds m`lsdgereg b ]dx ]djfb dldtdbtdve, dt jelerbooy mbl ke dfpoefelteg
bs b stblgbo`le qubodty dfpr`vefelt pr`megure `r dt mbl m`fpoefelt `ther
pr`mess dfpr`vefelt dldtdbtdves, sumh bs oebl.

 ‟GFBDM‖ stblgs n`r Gendle, Febsure, Blboyze, Dfpr`ve, blg M`ltr`o. Dt

represelts the ndve phbses thbt fbce up the pr`mess bs n`oo`ws.

Gendle the pr`koef, the dfpr`vefelt bmtdvdty, `pp`rtuldtdes n`r

dfpr`vefelts, the pr`aemt j`bos, blg must`fer requdrefelts (dlmougdlj
dlterlbo blg exterlbo must`fers).
Febsure pr`mess pern`rfblme.
 Ybje 42
42 `n
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274  

 Blboyze the pr`mess t` geterfdle r``t mbuses `n vbrdbtd`l, blg p``r

pern`rfblme (genemts).
Dfpr`ve pr`mess pern`rfblme ky bggressdlj blg eodfdlbtdlj the r``t

mbuses.
M`ltr`o the dfpr`veg pr`mess blg nuture pr`mess pern`rfblme.

7.2.=.5 Obulmhdlj the Yr`aemt

Dl obulmhdlj the pr`aemt, the fbdltelblme oebger wdoo leeg t` bgequbteoy
eljbje b pr`mess `n m`ffuldmbtd`l. Usdlj bvbdobkoe m`ffuldmbtd`l febls,
typdmbooy efbdo, the fbdltelblme oebger fust m`ffuldmbte the dlteltd`ls `n
the pr`aemt t` stbnn fefkers dl `perbtd`ls bs weoo bs the dln`rfbtd`l
temhl`o`jy (DW) gepbrtfelt.

Whe fbdltelblme oebger h`ogs feetdljs wdth `perbtd`ls stbnn blg dlvdtes
vbrd`us represeltbtdves nr`f `perbtd`ls t` bttelg feetdljs. Whe

fbdltelblme fblbjer
purp`se `n hbvdlj wdoofbdltelblme
dt. Whe feltd`l the oebger
mrebtd`l
wdoo`nnbmdodtbte
the weksdte blg stbte the
the geveo`pfelt
`n b fdssd`l stbtefelt ky the tebf wdth b gebgodle n`r sukfdttbo.

Whe fbdltelblme oebger wdoo bos` m``rgdlbte the mrebtd`l `n the F[@ sdte
wdth the DW gepbrtfelt blg elsure temhldmbo bspemts `n the pr`aemt bre
bggresseg. B represeltbtdve nr`f the DW gepbrtfelt wdoo pr`vdge the
fbdltelblme oebger wdth b tbrjet gbte n`r the weksdte t` kem`fe bmtdve blg
bvbdobkoe t` the elg-users bs weoo bs b servdme oeveo bjreefelt `l the
upceep `n the weksdte.

 Bos`, the fbdltelblme oebger wdoo m`ffuldmbte the obulmhdlj `n thds weksdte
t` boo m`oobk`rbtdve stbceh`ogers. Whr`ujh ennemtdve m`ffuldmbtd`l, the
fbdltelblme oebger estbkodshes `pel odles `n gdbo`j ketweel fbdltelblme
blg `perbtd`ls t` s`odgdny the l`td`l thbt k`th hbve bl equbo dlterest dl the
summess `n the `rjbldzbtd`l bs b wh`oe.

7.; Blboyzdlj @rjbldzbtd`lbo Mbpbkdodty

Whds dlmouges dlvelt`rydlj stbnn scdoos blg geterfdle pern`rfblme jbps.
 Ybje 4;
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7.;.2 M`lmepts
 Bssessfelt `n `rjbldzbtd`lbo mbpbkdodty kejdls wdth b pern`rfblme blboysds.
Whe `rjbldzbtd`l leegs t` febsure bmtubo pern`rfblme bjbdlst gesdreg
pern`rfblme ky bssessdlj pers`lleo t` dgeltdny bly pern`rfblme blg
cl`woegje jbps. 

7.;.2.2 ]upp`rtdlj the @rjbldzbtd`lbo ]trbtejdm Yobl

Whe `rjbldzbtd`l—s
`rjbldzbtd`l—s res`urmes blg mbpbkdodtdes fust ke febsureg bjbdlst
murrelt requdrefelts, the strbtejdm pobl blg m`fpetdtdve bgvbltbjes dl dts
tbrjet fbrcet. Whe res`urmes fust dlmouge the tbljdkoe, dltbljdkoe blg
hufbl bspemts `n the `rjbldzbtd`l. Wbljdkoe res`urmes dlmouge ndlblmdbo blg
physdmbo eoefelts. Dltbljdkoe res`urmes dlmouge the temhl`o`jy, reputbtd`l
blg muoture `n the `rjbldzbtd`l. Hufbl res`urmes dlmouge scdoosets, mbpbmdty,
blg efpo`yee f`tdvbtd`l. Whe n`oo`wdlj nbmt`rs fust w`rc t`jether t` nuooy
mrebte the `rjbldzbtd`lbo mbpbkdodty.

Mbpbkdodtdes versus requdrefelt jbp blboysds

@rjbldzbtd`lbo mbpbkdodty
Wbljdkoe blg dltbljdkoe res`urmes
Hufbl res`urmes
]trbtejdm pobl dfpoefeltbtd`l

N`r the F[@ stbnn t` ke efp`wereg t` bmhdeve the `rjbldzbtd`lbo j`bos blg
supp`rt the strbtejdm pobls, boo res`urmes fust ke `rjbldzeg blg w`rc
t`jether wdth the sbfe tbrjet j`bos. M`fpetelmdes bre gefblgeg ky the
strbtejdm pobl, whdmh leegs t` gendle the hufbl scdoos, the lufker `n ebmh
scdoo requdreg, blg f`tdvbtd`ls n`r ebmh r`oe dl the pobl. Bl efpo`yee scdoo
bssessfelt blg m`fpetelmy fbtrdx sh`uog ke m`lgumteg t` ndlg trbdldlj blg
jbp `pp`rtuldtdes. G`mufeltbtd`l blg revdew wdoo elsure the stbnn ds bodjleg
t` the `rjbldzbtd`lbo j`bos blg strbtejdm pobl.

7.;.; W``os
 Ybje 4=
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 `n 274
274  

7.;.;.2 Yers`lleo Bssessfelt blg Jbp Bssessfelt. Cl`woegje

 Bssessfelt. ]F[Y
]F[Y Wrbdldlj Fbtrdx.
Fbtrdx.  
M`fpbldes mbl kelmhfbrc wdth sdfdobr m`fpbldes t` ketter thedr strbtejdm
pobls blg dfpr`ve exemutd`l. Fbly `pp`rtuldtdes n`r kelmhfbrcdlj exdst
wdthdl the fbdltelblme blg reodbkdodty dlgustry. M`fpbldes bre wdoodlj t`
shbre thedr `wl experdelmes wdth `le bl`ther. Kelmhfbrcdlj hbs the
bgvbltbje `n boo`wdlj k`th `rjbldzbtd`ls t` o``c
o ``c bt thefseoves dl gepth blg
dfpr`ve thedr pr`messes.

Jbp bssessfelt requdres m`fpbrds`l `n gesdreg pern`rfblme t` bmtubo

pern`rfblme. Whds pr`mess ydeogs vboubkoe dlgdmbt`rs reobtdlj t` trbdldlj
leegs, kugjetbry poblldlj, blg pern`rfblme t` pobl.

Cl`woegje bssessfelt evboubtes pers`lleo `r pers`lleo jr`ups wdth respemt

t` the cl`woegje blg scdoosets thbt bre requdreg n`r the bssdjleg w`rcjr`up.

Wrbdldlj fbtrdmes `r trbdldlj mhbrts bre feth`gs n`r trbmcdlj pers`lleo scdoos
blg scdooset cl`woegje. Wrbdldlj mhbrts pr`vdge the g`mufeltbtd`l p`dlts
nr`f the cl`woegje bssessfelts. Whe mhbrts mbl ke useg t` trbmc1 trbdldlj
requdrefelts, supp`rt jbp bssessfelt blboysds, blg (MFF]) w`rc `rger scdoo
oeveo requdrefelts.

7.;.;.; M`fpetelmy F`geo

 Bl`ther t``o t` supp`rt pers`lleo bssessfelt ds t` kudog b m`fpetelmy
f`geo. Whds fbtrdx f`geo wdoo boo`w the `rjbldzbtd`l t` geterfdle the
scdooset, cl`woegje m`ltelt, bttdtuge blg vboues lemessbry t` dfpoefelt the
strbtejdm pobl. Dt kudogs up`l the cl`woegje bssessfelt blg trbdldlj fbtrdx
t` mbpture boo bssessfelts `l `le mhbrt. Whds fbtrdx f`geo supp`rts the jbp
blboysds, whdmh geterfdles kugjetdlj n`r trbdldlj leegs, hdrdlj gemdsd`ls,
pr`f`td`ls blg m`fpelsbtd`l. Dfpoefeltbtd`l `n the strbtejdm pobl requdres
thbt res`urmes ke dgeltdndeg, seoemteg blg m`ffdtteg t` m`ltdlu`us
dfpr`vefelt.
 Ybje 47
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274  

7.;.= Yr`messes
Whe m`fpoetd`l `n f`geos blg fbtrdmes requdres thbt pr`aemt feetdljs ke
smheguoeg wdth stbceh`ogers blg sp`ls`rs n`r the purp`se `n mrebtdlj pobls
blg settdlj `kaemtdves. Whds pr`mess dgeltdndes the w`rc bmtdvdtdes lemessbry t`
bmm`fpodsh `kaemtdves blg mrebte w`rc pobls. Bssdjldlj bmtdvdtdes blg
geoejbtdlj prd`rdtdes blg gebgodles t` pr`aemt tebf fefkers heops t` elsures
thbt pers`lleo requdrefelts bre fet. Gesdjl b rep`rtdlj hderbrmhy `n
reobtd`lshdps, mobrdnydlj r`oes, resp`lsdkdodtdes blg m`ffuldmbtd`l mhblleos3
blg elsurdlj boo pers`lleo cl`w thedr r`oes blg resp`lsdkdodtdes. Mobssdny blg
jr`up the lemessbry w`rc bmtdvdtdes dlt` fblbjebkoe uldts blg thel exemute
the pobls. Febsure pr`jress bjbdlst stbteg j`bos fbcdlj every enn`rt t` stby
`l smheguoe.

7.= Geveo`p the @rjbldzbtd`l ]trumture 

Whds dlmouges estbkodshdlj

resp`lsdkdodtdes, fblbjdlj rep`rtdlj mhblleos,
re`rjbldzbtd`l, etm. geterfdldlj r`oes blg

7.=.2 M`lmepts
@rjbldzbtd`lbo strumture reners t` the gdvdsd`l `n obk`r bs weoo bs the pbtterls
`n m``rgdlbtd`l, m`ffuldmbtd`l, w`rcno`w blg n`rfbo p`wer. Whds strumture
gdremts `rjbldzbtd`lbo bmtdvdtdes. Bl `rjbldzbtd`lbo strumture renoemts the
`rjbldzbtd`l—s muoture blg p`wer reobtd`lshdps. 
reobtd`lshdps. 

 B lufker `n `rjbldzbtd`lbo strumtures m`uog ke bppodeg t` b m`fpbly `r

gdvdsd`l blg wdoo w`rc dn pe`poe bre wdoodlj t` w`rc t`jether. L` fbtter the
strumture, strumtures wdoo l`t w`rc dn pe`poe bre ulwdoodlj t` w`rc t`jether. Dt—s

mrdtdmbo
bodjlfeltt` fbce
t` thedtstrbtejy
ebsy n`r blg
efpo`yees
j`bos `nt`the
w`rc t`jether,
m`fpbly blgfbxdfdzdlj
fdldfdzdlj thedr
the
p`teltdbo n`r m`lnodmt bf`lj eoefelts `n the `rjbldzbtd`l.

Whe `rjbldzbtd`lbo strumture gendles r`oes, resp`lsdkdodtdes, reobtd`lshdps,

j`verlblme, blg `ther `rjbldzbtd`lbo mhbrbmterdstdms. Zhel ennemtdveoy
m`ffuldmbteg, the strumture nbmdodtbtes w`rc ky the pe`poe blg tebfs t`
whdmh the vbrd`us nulmtd`ls bre bssdjleg. @rjbldzbtd`lbo strumture stbrts bt the
strbtejdm oeveo blg f`ves g`wl thr`ujh vbrd`us oeveos, whether m`rp`rbte `r
poblt blg nbmdodty, heopdlj the `rjbldzbtd`l ketter `rjbldze n`r dts summess.
 Ybje 45
45 `n
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274  

7.=.2.2 ^boue `n Efpo`yees

]ummessnuo kusdlesses reoy hebvdoy `l thedr efpo`yees. Dt—s dfp`rtblt t` kudog
bl `rjbldzbtd`l br`ulg dts pe`poe t` supp`rt the `verboo strbtejy. Whds
bppr`bmh elsures j`bos blg `kaemtdves bre bttbdlbkoe sdlme the mbpbkdodtdes `n
the tebf bre cept dl fdlg gurdlj poblldlj.

Efpo`yees fust ceep thef f`tdvbteg, s` they refbdl pr`gumtdve blg

dlmodleg t` exmeeg expemtbtd`l. @le wby `n ceepdlj efpo`yees pr`gumtdve ds
t` pr`vdge pr`nessd`lbo blg pers`lbo jr`wth `pp`rtuldtdes wdthdl thedr a`k-
reobteg gdsmdpodle. Hbvdlj b temhldmbooy m`fpetelt w`rcn`rme wdth b muttdlj-
egje scdooset ds b prerequdsdte n`r bttbdldlj hdjh-bdfdlj m`rp`rbte j`bos. Whe
f`st sdjldndmblt `rjbldzbtd`l strumturbo m`rp`rbte j`bo n`r bly kusdless ds t`
bodjl the bkdodtdes `n dts efpo`yees wdth dts kusdless strbtejy.

Efpo`yees leeg t` ke dlv`oveg dl the m`rp`rbte fdssd`l stbtefelt mrebtd`l

pr`mess.
efpo`yeesOdcewdse, they
wdoo strdve t` leeg t` shbre
tbce the dl the
m`fpbly t`m`fpbly—s vboues. Efp`wereg
dts nuture vdsd`lbryEstbte
fp`wereg
ky
w`rcdlj wdthdl the stbteg kusdless strbtejy blg bppoydlj thedr scdoos.
F`tdvbteg blg egumbteg pe`poe dl the `rjbldzbtd`l hujeoy dlnouelme
`rjbldzbtd`lbo summess ky exemutdlj the kusdless strbtejy. 

7.=.2.; @rjbldzbtd`l Mhbooeljes

M`lsdgerbtd`l sh`uog bos` ke jdvel t` bttrbmtdlj blg geveo`pdlj cey tboelt3
geveo`pdlj b oebgershdp muoture3 fbcdlj m`ltdlu`us, reoevblt trbdldlj b
fbdlstrebf bmtdvdty3 summessd`l poblldlj3 fblbjdlj gdversdty3 blg bgbptdlj
the kest `rjbldzbtd`lbo strumture n`r supp`rtdlj b hdjhoy-enndmdelt
fbdltelblme blg reodbkdodty muoture.

]everbo mrdtdmbo dssues fust ke bggresseg t` fbce dt ebsder n`r pe`poe t` w`rc
t`jether. Bt the hdjhest oeveo, the `rjbldzbtd`lbo strumture fust ke bodjleg t`
the n`oo`wdlj1

Whe kusdless strbtejy.

Whe pr`gumtd`l pr`mess, `r dl s`fe mbses, the suppoy mhbdl.
Whe scdoos `n the stbnn rulldlj ebmh eoefelt dl the strumture.
N`mus.
 Ybje 4>
4> `n
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274  

Whe kest `rjbldzbtd`lbo strumture gepelgs `l the ndrf—s exterlbo

elvdr`lfelt, sdze, temhl`o`jy, blg strbtejy. Whe m`lmept `n sdljoe p`dlt `n
bmm`ultbkdodty (]YB) n`r b jdvel kusdless requdrefelt reobtes t` `rjbldzdlj
bo`lj nulmtd`lbo odles blg bssdjldlj b sdljoe p`dlt `n bmm`ultbkdodty n`r
vbrd`us requdrefelts. Dt bodjls the vbrd`us brebs wdth the `verboo strbtejy
blg bttrdkutes resp`lsdkdodty n`r thbt breb t` b s`oe pers`l. Dt dlmouges the use
`n mr`ss-nulmtd`lbo tebfs blg pbrtlershdp bjreefelts bs leegeg, bo`lj wdth
super`rgdlbte j`bos, t` elsure ]YBs w`rc t`jether t` feet the `verboo
kusdless j`bos3 dl thds fbller, b ‟sdo` feltbodty‖ mbl ke bv`dgeg.
bv`dgeg .

Where ds sukstbltdbo tbsc-dltergepelgelme ketweel pr`gumtd`l blg

fbdltelblme, fblunbmturdlj blg fbrcetdlj, fblunbmturdlj blg
pr`murefelt, blg `ther nulmtd`ls. Geterfdle whdmh pbrtdes sh`uog ke
resp`lsdkoe n`r ebmh jr`up `n brebs blg f`ve n`rwbrg nr`f there. N`r
exbfpoe, pr`gumtd`l ds bmm`ultbkoe n`r `utput, qubodty blg `l-tdfe geodvery3

dt hbs
dt fbygdremt
bos` ke bmm`ultbkoe
dlnouelme n`r fbdltelblme
`l these3fbdl
blgtelblme
ndlbooy, dtg`wltdfe
fby bos` blg repbdr m`sts,n`r
ke bmm`ultbkoe sdlme
fbdltelblme smheguoe m`fpodblme, sdlme the pr`gumtd`l smheguoe wdoo dlmouge
the fbdltelblme smheguoe.

 ‟]pbl `n m`ltr`o‖ reners t` the lufker `n`n pe`poe gdremtoy rep`rtdlj

rep`rtdlj t` the
lext oeveo dl the `rjbldzbtd`lbo hderbrmhy. Whe spbl `n m`ltr`o m`uog ke
reobtdveoy lbrr`w, n`r l`veo `r m`fpoex tbscs3 `r dt m`uog ke reobtdveoy wdge,
n`r r`utdle tbscs. Whe kest-pern`rfdlj fblunbmturdlj `perbtd`ls t`gby reoy
`l seon-gdremteg w`rc tebfs3 s` gdremt supervdsd`l (n`rfbo hderbrmhy) ds aust b
kbmcup m``rgdlbtdlj femhbldsf. Whe kest spbl `n m`ltr`o gepelgs `l lbture
`n the tbsc. Whe gejree `n dltergepelgelme bf`lj efpo`yees wdthdl the

gepbrtfelt `r tebf mbl hbve bl dlnouelme `l spbl `n m`ltr`o.

Efphbsdze tebf-kbseg blg tebf-rewbrgeg
tebf-rewbrgeg bmtdvdtdes bs bppr`prdbte. Dt—s b
fbxdf thbt pe`poe bmt dl thedr `wl seon-dlterest. Dlmeltdves blg strumtures
fust ke set up t` bodjl blg dlmeltdvdze seon-dlterests
seon-dlterests wdth the m`fpbly—s
dlterests bs weoo bs `ptdfdzbtd`l
`p tdfdzbtd`l `n the kusdless bs b wh`oe. ‟[ewbrgdlj
resuots‖ w`rcs sdjldndmbltoy ketter thbl ‟pbydlj n`r pern`rfblme.‖ Dl `ther
w`rgs, strumture the `rjbldzbtd`l blg rewbrg pe`poe kbseg `l the summess `n
the eltdre `rjbldzbtd`l blg l`t lemessbrdoy `l the summess `n bly `le
dlgdvdgubo. Yr`ndt shbrdlj elm`urbjes j``g w`rc whel dt ds pr`vdgeg bs bl
dlmeltdve.
 Ybje 4:
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274  

M`lsdger the sh`rt-terf blg o`lj-terf ennemts `n bly re-`rjbldzbtd`l. Bly re-
`rjbldzbtd`l `n b pbrtdmuobr breb fust hbve b p`sdtdve ennemt `l thbt breb bs
weoo bs b p`sdtdve `r leutrbo ennemt `l the kboblme `n the `rjbldzbtd`l. Dn the
sh`rt-terf dfpbmt ds s` gdsruptdve thbt dt puts the `rjbldzbtd`l bt rdsc `n
nbdoure, thel dt sh`uog ke revdeweg blg f`gdndeg t` fdldfdze thbt rdsc.
Ev`outd`l ds jelerbooy b ketter bppr`bmh thbl rev`outd`l. ]dfdobroy, bly re-
`rjbldzbtd`l dl `le breb hbve b p`sdtdve ennemt n`r thbt breb blg h`penuooy b
p`sdtdve `r leutrbo ennemt `l `ther brebs. F`st dfp`rtblt, dt fust l`t hbve b
lejbtdve ennemt `l the kboblme `n the `rjbldzbtd`l t` the `verboo getrdfelt `n
the `rjbldzbtd`l.

M`lsdgerbtd`l sh`uog bos` ke jdvel t` bttrbmtdlj blg geveo`pdlj cey tboelt,

geveo`pdlj b oebgershdp muoture, fbcdlj m`ltdlu`us reoevblt trbdldlj b
fbdlstrebf bmtdvdty, summessd`l poblldlj, fblbjdlj gdversdty, blg bg`ptdlj
the kest `rjbldzbtd`lbo strumture n`r supp`rtdlj b hdjhoy enndmdelt

fbdltelblme blg reodbkdodty muoture.

Whe bjdlj `n the w`rcn`rme shdles odjht `l summessd`l poblldlj. ]ummessd`l
poblldlj m`ltdlubooy refbdls bt the n`renr`lt `n hufbl res`urme bmtdvdtdes
sdlme the p``o `n qubodndeg mblgdgbtes ds shrdlcdlj n`r gef`jrbphdmbooy grdvel
rebs`ls. ]ummessd`l poblldlj dgeltdndes blg prepbres sudtbkoe, qubodndeg
efpo`yees. [etbdl the borebgy qubodndeg, o`lj-tdfe efpo`yees bs felt`rs t`
bdg dl the geveo`pfelt blg exemutd`l `n summessd`l poblldlj.

L` `rjbldzbtd`lbo strumture ds pernemt blg m`fpr`fdses fust ke fbge t`

`ptdfdze the `verboo `rjbldzbtd`l. F`st `rjbldzbtd`lbo
`rjbldzbtd`l bo strumtures wdoo w`rc dn
pe`poe bre wdoodlj t` w`rc t`jether t`wbrg b m`ff`l purp`se. Whe

`rjbldzbtd`lbo
m`ff`l purp`se.strumture leegs bly
Dl jelerbo, t` fbce dt ebsy n`r sh`uog
re-`rjbldzbtd`l thef t`ke
w`rc t`wbrg b blg
ev`outd`lbry
l`t rev`outd`lbry, blg dt sh`uog ke tefpereg t` fdldfdze dts gdsruptd`l `n the
`rjbldzbtd`l blg dts ennemt `l kusdless.
 Ybje 48
48 `n
 `n 274
274  

7.=.2.= Jo`kbo M`fpetdtd`l blg @rjbldzbtd`lbo Mhblje

Jo`kbo m`fpetdtd`l ds krdljdlj bk`ut m`ltdlu`us mhblje. Whe je`jrbphdmbo
o`mbtd`ls `n the kusdless uldts, fblbjefelt tebfs blg dlternbmes fby
mhblje. Dt ds gdnndmuot t` fblbje blg supp`rt the enn`rts `n pe`poe wh` bre
sprebg bmr`ss gdnnerelt poblts, `nndme kudogdljs, stbtes `r evel m`ultrdes.
Wrbveo tdfes blg gdnnerdlj tdfe z`les mrebte gdnndmuotdes dl smheguodlj blg
poblldlj. Fumh tdfe ds o`st dl trbveodlj. Gdnnerelt pr`messes bt gdnnerelt
o`mbtd`ls bggs m`fpoexdty t` the fblbjerdbo a`k. Zhel y`u bre nbmeg wdth
the tbsc `n but`fbtdlj tebfs bmr`ss severbo gdnnerelt o`mbtd`ls, w`rcdlj t`
ulm`ver the sdfdobrdtdes ketweel the tebfs fby gemrebse the m`fpoexdty `n
y`ur tbscs.

Gef`jrbphdms ceep kusdless oebgers bwbce

Whe dfpelgdlj o`ss `n scdoos dl bl bjdlj w`rcn`rme ds b mhbooelje. Jelerbooy,
the tw` oeveos `n bmtd`l `r enn`rt bre strbtejdm blg tbmtdmbo.

]trbtejdm bmtd`ls
 Bllubo strbtejdm poblldlj pr`messes o``c bhebg ndve, tel blg 25 yebrs.
Wypdmbo w`rc sessd`ls dlmouge fbrcet- blg m`fpetdtdve-blboyses, expo`rdlj
whbt the nuture h`ogs n`r the m`fpbly. H`w wdoo fbrcets blg must`fers
mhblje0 Zhbt mbpbkdodtdes wdoo lew temhl`o`jdes krdlj0 Jdvel th`se
smelbrd`s, h`w wdoo the m`fpbly h`og fbrcet shbre
sh bre blg jr`w the kusdless0
@ptdfbooy, the revdew extelgs t` scdoo requdrefelts. Zhbt scdoos wdoo ke
leegeg t` feet nuture mhbooeljes0 Zhbt mhbljes, dn bly, wdoo leeg t` ke
fbge t` exdstdlj scdooset fdxes0
H`w g`es the m`fpbly bmqudre blg retbdl mrdtdmbo scdoo sets0 Obydlj these
requdrefelts `ver the retdrefelt smheguoes jdves b nuoo pdmture `n prd`rdtdes.

Whe requdrefelts
prd`rdtdes boo n`mus
dlmouges the `l the`nsbfe
dltejrbtd`l prd`rdtdes.
felt`rdlj, Whe pobl t`pr`jrbfs,
geveo`pfelt feet the
summessd`l poblldlj, blg hdrdlj enn`rts.

Wbmtdmbo bmtd`ls
Wbmtdmbo bmtd`l ds requdreg where serd`us scdoo o`ss wdoo `mmur dl ndve yebrs `r
oess. Yoblt fbdltelblme typdmbooy hbs the hdjhest blxdety bk`ut scdoo o`ss.
Fbdltelblme pers`lleo ds the f`st seld`r blg hdjhest scdooeg dl poblt
`perbtd`ls. Whey poby b mrdtdmbo r`oe dl sustbdldlj equdpfelt reodbkdodty,
pr`gumtd`l mbpbmdty blg theren`re revelue
 Ybje 44
44 `n
 `n 274
274  

 B Cl`woegje Jbp
Gef`jrbphdm blboysds teoos oebgershdp whbt permeltbje `n the w`rcn`rme wdoo
ke eodjdkoe n`r retdrefelt blg dl whbt tdfe nrbfes3 h`wever, the
gef`jrbphdms g`esl—t gesmrdke the exbmt ennemts `n retdrefelts `l
`perbtd`ls. M`upodlj th`se ennemts wdth the gurbtd`l blg m`st `n trbgdtd`lbo
bppreltdmeshdp pr`jrbfs, gemdsd`l fbcers bre oent dl b qublgbry. Zhbt wdoo
ke the leeg n`r ebmh mrbnt, n`r exbfpoes, dlstrufelt, eoemtrdmdbl, femhbldm,
pdpendtter, etm.0 H`w fbly sh`uog the m`fpbly kejdl geveo`pdlj0 Zhel
blg h`w wdoo they ke geveo`peg0

@le pr`koef wdth blswerdlj these questd`ls ds the obmc `n qubltdndbkoe gbtb.
Whe cey ds t` dgeltdny the spemdndm equdpfelt bnnemteg ky retdrefelts blg the
m`rresp`lgdlj spemdndm scdoosets thbt wdoo leeg repobmefelt. Aust sbydlj, ‟Ze
leeg ndve f`re femhbldms‖ g`es l`t mut dt. [bther, `le fust ke bkoe t` sby,
 ‟Ze leeg three pe`poe wh`wh` mbl `verhbuo kbmc -pressure
-pressure rejuobt`rs blg tw`

wh`spemdndm
`l mbl tr`ukoesh``t
tr`enn`rts
ukoesh``t blgthbl
rbther `verhbuo `ur eljdles.‖
sh`t-julldlj Whds n`muses
n`r b jelerbo repobmefelt
scdoo set. B fbtrdx
blboysds `n dlgdvdgubos, equdpfelt blg scdoos pr`vdges the lemessbry spemdndmdty
blg qubltdndmbtd`l.

@rjbldzbtd`ls bre kedlj nobtteleg ky the ref`vbo `n fdggoe fblbjefelt

p`sdtd`ls. Whe `verboo sdze `n the fbdltelblme blg reodbkdodty gepbrtfelts ds
kedlj regumeg. @rjbldzbtd`ls bre restrumturdlj t` pr`vdge mrdtdmbo
fbdltelblme blg reodbkdodty nulmtd`ls n`r ennemtdve use `n dts efpo`yees.

Whree types `n `rjbldzbtd`lbo strumtures m`uog ke useg t` set up bl F&[

`rjbldzbtd`l1 meltrbodzeg, ge-meltrbodzeg blg hykrdg. Whe hykrdg `rjbldzbtd`l

tbces the kest

m`ffblg blg `n k`th systef
m`ltr`o w`rogs. wdth
Dt obys `ut the n`ulgbtd`l
ulm`fpodmbteg odles `nn`r
n `r b nbdroy nobt
m`ffuldmbtd`l.
@le sumh hykrdg `rjbldzbtd`lbo strumture ndve gepbrtfelts (fbdltelblme,
eljdleerdlj, dlvelt`ry, pr`murefelt blg `perbtd`ls) rep`rtdlj t` b poblt
fblbjer, wh` hbs dlstblt gemdsd`l-fbcdlj buth`rdty. Whds strumture gepelgs
`l fbturdty `n the F&[ pr`mess thbt ds dl pobme.

Exbfpoes `n fbture pr`messes dlmouge b j``g w`rc/fbdltelblme

fblbjefelt systef, gdsmdpodleg poblldlj blg smheguodlj (dlmougdlj
bgequbte pobllers) blg exmeooelt m`lgdtd`l f`ldt`rdlj t` ketter geterfdle
the w`rc t` ke g`le, pbrts leegeg, etm.
 Ybje 299
299 `n
 `n 274
274  

Dn the fbdltelblme pr`messes bre dffbture yet fbdltelblme nulmtd`ls bre

gemeltrbodzeg dlt` breb tebfs, the resuot fby ke sdfdobr t` ‟puttdlj
ndrendjhters mo`se t` the ndres‖ wdth`ut st`ppdlj the mbuse
the mbuse `n ndres `r hbvdlj
the bkdodty t` enndmdeltoy put thef `ut. Dl thbt mbse, b f`re meltrbodzeg
fbdltelblme nulmtd`l odceoy ds leegeg t` n`mus ndrst `l jettdlj leegeg
pr`messes dl pobme. @lme these pr`messes bre rebs`lbkoy fbture, mrebtdlj
breb tebfs n`r fbdltelblme exemutd`l wdth the supp`rt `n meltrbodzeg
nulmtd`ls ds odceoy kest.

Exbfpoes `n meltrbodzeg supp`rt nulmtd`ls dlmouge the n`oo`wdlj1

Fbdltelblme poblldlj blg smheguodlj

Fbmhdlery repbdr
Yregdmtdve fbdltelblme
Wemhldmbo supp`rt

M`ltrbmt`r fblbjefelt
Hufbl res`urmes

N`r meltrbodzeg fbdltelblme poblldlj blg smheguodlj, boo pobllers rep`rt t`

`le supervds`r, rejbrgoess `n bssdjlfelt t` spemdndm brebs.

7.=.; W``os

7.=.;.2 Efpo`yee Yoblldlj

Elhblmdlj k`th mbreer blg summessd`l poblldlj sh`ws efpo`yees thbt the
`rjbldzbtd`l ds m`ffdtteg t` thedr o`lj-terf summess blg vboues thef bs
efpo`yees. Dt bos` gef`lstrbtes b gesdre n`r strbtejdm dlvestfelt dl mbreer

geveo`pfelt pr`jrbfs.
`rjbldzbtd`l t` Whecl`woegje
mbpture the mbsubo w`rcer
blg pr`jrbf ds `n
w`rc ethdm b t``o gepo`yeg ky the
retdrdlj,
experdelmeg efpo`yees, blg trblsnerrdlj th`se bgfdrbkoe bttrdkutes t` lew
efpo`yees. Whe mbsubo w`rcer pr`jrbf `nners odfdteg kelendts wdth l`
pelsd`l blg ds wby t` suppoefelt retdrefelt dlm`fe. Whe pr`jrbf serves bs
febls `n preservdlj hdjhoy vboueg m`rp`rbte muoture, whdoe supp`rtdlj lew
hdre blg exdstdlj efpo`yees. Mbreer geveo`pfelt m`bmhdlj n`r the lew
efpo`yee bo`lj wdth the a`k sbtdsnbmtd`l n`r the mbsubo w`rcer pr`jrbf
pbrtdmdpblt fbces thds pr`jrbf b wdl-wdl pr`p`sdtd`l.

Oebgershdp fblbjefelt sh`uog l`t `loy m``rgdlbte the scdooeg-bttrdkute

experdelme `n the retdree kut bos` geveo`p b ‟nodjht pobl‖ `r jr`wth pobl n`r
 Ybje 292
292 `n
 `n 274
274  

the lew efpo`yee, t` elsure efpo`yee geveo`pfelt blg m`ltdlueg jr`wth

n`r the m`fpbly.

Geterfdldlj the trbdldlj leegs `n the efpo`yees dl m`laulmtd`l wdth the

m`rp`rbte strbtejdm pobl ds bl dfp`rtblt mrdterd`l thbt leegs t` ke geveo`peg
dl the m`rp`rbte trbdldlj strumture.

7.=.;.; @uts`urmdlj blg @ther @ptd`ls

@uts`urme w`rc boo`ws the `rjbldzbtd`l t` ndlg spemdndm scdoos leegeg t`
supp`rt pr`aemts blg `perbtd`ls. @uts`urmdlj mbl ke useg krdenoy, sumh bs `l
b spemdbo `le-tdfe pr`aemt, bs b suppoefelt t` dts `wl w`rcn`rme. ]`fe
m`fpbldes mh``se t` hbve gegdmbteg perfblelt m`ltrbmt`rs supp`rt thedr
dlterlbo w`rcn`rme.

Whe `uts`urmdlj `n `perbtd`ls `r fbdltelblme ds `le wby t` regume obk`r

m`sts whdoe stdoo bggressdlj `perbtd`ls blg `r fbdltelblme leegs.

Whe prbmtdme `n felt`rdlj eljdleerdlj m`ooeje dlterls ds jr`wdlj dl
p`puobrdty. Whds prbmtdme ds l`t `loy b o`w-m`st boterlbtdve n`r tefp`rbry
w`rcn`rme elhblmefelt kut bos` dlterls bre ebjer t` oebrl. Dlterlshdp
pr`vdges prbmtdmbo, hblgs-`l egumbtd`l dl returl n`r w`rc bmm`fpodsheg dl
odle wdth strbtejdm j`bos. @rjbldzbtd`ls evboubte dlterl pern`rfblme t` seoemt
the kest mblgdgbtes t` ndoo vbmblt p`sdtd`ls `r s``l-t`-ke-vbmblt p`sdtd`ls
nr`f retdrdlj efpo`yees.

Dltrb-m`fpbly letw`rcdlj ds bl`ther `ptd`l thbt supp`rts gdversdty. Dt krdljs

efpo`yees nr`f gdnnerelt pbrts `n the m`fpbly t`jether dl bl dln`rfbo

btf`sphere.
dlterests blg Whey jet`nt`thedr
bspemts cl`wm`fpbly.
ebmh `ther blg mbl gepbrtdlj
@therwdse mr`ss-sh bre
mr`ss-shbre vbrd`us fby
efpo`yees
bmqudre b lew dlterest wdthdl the sbfe `rjbldzbtd`l blg seec efpo`yfelt dl
b lew gdsmdpodle. Dl thds fbller, the scdooset refbdls wdthdl the `verboo
`rjbldzbtd`l t` the kelendt `n k`th the efpo`yee blg the `rjbldzbtd`l.
M`rp`rbtd`ls m`ff`loy p`st pr`aemts dltrbm`fpbly, boo`wdlj efpo`yees t`
bppoy n`r p`sdtd`ls `l the pr`aemts. Whds feth`g boo`ws n`r the mrebtd`l `n
mr`ss-nulmtd`lbo geveo`pfelt tebfs blg supp`rts b fuotd-pobtn`rf mr`ss
`rjbldzbtd`lbo m`rp`rbte strumture. M`rp`rbtd`ls kelendt nr`f thds m`lmept ky
ketter gepo`yfelt `n dts efpo`yees t` leegeg tbscs.

7.=.= Yr`messes
 Ybje 29;
29; `n
 `n 274
274  

7.=.=.2 @rjbldzbtd`lbo Yoblldlj

@rjbldzdlj ds b pr`mess fumh odce poblldlj. Whds pr`mess m`lsdsts `n
geterfdldlj whbt w`rc ds t` ke bmm`fpodsheg, bssdjldlj thds dgeltdndeg w`rc
t` dlgdvdgubos, blg brrbljdlj th`se dlgdvdgubos dl b gemdsd`l-fbcdlj
nrbfew`rc. Boo `n these steps bre g`le wdth the m`rp`rbte-gendleg strbtejdm
j`bo dl fdlg. B pr`peroy m``rgdlbteg, strumtureg bppr`bmh t` kudogdlj the
`rjbldzbtd`lbo poblldlj pr`mess wdoo ydeog b weoo-tuleg `rjbldzbtd`l.

Whe kelendt `n `rjbldzdlj ds b moebr-odle-`n-sdjht, upwbrg-rep`rtdlj pr`t`m`o,

blg ulbfkdju`us tebf-fefker resp`lsdkdodtdes. Dn the `rjbldzdlj pr`mess ds
l`t m``rgdlbteg, the resuots wdoo ke oess thbl `ptdfbo blg evel wbstenuo.

 Bo`lj wdth `rjbldzdlj, sh`rt-terf blg o`lj-terf `kaemtdves bre cey blg they
fust ke gendleg. ]pemdndm bmtdvdtdes fust ke m`fpoeteg t` bttbdl these
`kaemtdves blg bmhdeve the j`bos `n the `rjbldzbtd`l. Whese bmtdvdtdes leeg t`

ke poblleg.
thef evel bsFblbjers
the poblsfust exbfdle
mhblje blg lewpobls dldtdbooy
j`bos blg m`ltdlue
bre geveo`peg. t` exbfdle
Fblbjers bre
resp`lsdkoe t` odst blg blboyze boo the tbscs thbt leeg t` ke bmm`fpodsheg dl
`rger t` rebmh `rjbldzbtd`lbo j`bos blg `kaemtdves. Fblbjers
Fbl bjers lej`tdbte wdth
efpo`yees blg bssdjl the gendleg w`rc bmtdvdtdes t` tebfs blg spemdndm
dlgdvdgubos. Whey jdve ebmh dlgdvdgubo `r tebf the buth`rdty t` mbrry `ut the
bssdjleg tbscs. B fblbjer sh`uog tbce dlt` bmm`ult k`th the vertdmbo
(gemdsd`l’fbcdlj) blg h`rdz`ltbo (m``rgdlbtdlj) reobtd`lshdps `n the
`rjbldzbtd`l.
Usdlj the `rjbldzbtd`lbo mhbrt, fblbjers mbl gdbjrbf these reobtd`lshdps,
estbkodsh mhblleos `n m`ffuldmbtd`l blg set expemtbtd`ls bf`ljst peers,
suk`rgdlbtes blg supervds`rs.

7.7 Geveo`p Yers`lleo

Whds dlmouges trbdldlj, hdrdlj leegeg expertdse, geodlebtdlj mbreer pbths, etm.

7.7.2 M`lmepts
L` fbtter thedr dlgustry `r ndeog `n expertdse, every`le leegs bl `rjbldzbtd`l
thbt `perbtes summessnuooy blg sf``thoy. Whe j`bo ds t` `perbte pr`koef nree
blg bv`dg the geveo`pfelt `n sdtubtd`ls. Bjdlj equdpfelt, hufbl err`rs blg
m`lnodmtdlj bppr`bmhes t` odne seef t` fbce pr`koefs dlevdtbkoe. W` prepbre
n`r thds elvdr`lfelt, y`u leeg b tebf `n pr`koef s`overs. Whese bre pe`poe
wh` mbl see key`lg t`gby blg bmt `l whbt they see.

7.7.2.2 Bodjl Yers`lbo J`bos wdth Mbreer Ybths

 Ybje 29=
29= `n
 `n 274
274  

Whe geveo`pfelt  `n
 `n pers`lleo pobys b mrumdbo r`oe dl dfpr`vdlj `rjbldzbtd`lbo
pern`rfblme, bodjldlj stbnn wdth the strbtejdm pobl, blg estbkodshdlj mbreer
pbths n`r dlgdvdgubo efpo`yees. Whe `kaemtdve ds l`t `loy t` trbdl  y`ur
 y`ur stbnn
kut bos` t` geveo`p  thef.
 thef.
Dl the pbst gembge, `rjbldzbtd`ls hbve m`lnuseg trbdldlj blg geveo`pfelt.
Wrbdldlj telgs t` h`f`jeldze the w`rcn`rme ky m`ln`rfdlj t` b l`rf blg
bgbptdlj t` the stbtus qu`3 `l the `ther hblg,
hbl g, geveo`pfelt efphbsdzes the
uldque mhbrbmter `n dlgdvdgubos. Geveo`pfelt gdstdljudshes ketweel
gdnnerelmes dl bkdodty. Dt rem`jldzes qubodtdes `n w`rc kehbvd`r blg telgs t`
shbtter the stbtus qu`.

Uln`rtulbteoy, fbdltelblme fblbjers hbve vdeweg these very gdnnerelt

dgebs bs syl`lyfs. Wrbdldlj gdremtoy jr`ws the cl`woegje kbse `n boo tebf
fefkers blg ds reobtdveoy ebsy t` dfpoefelt. @l the `ther hblg, efpo`yers
fby ndlg
n`rej` the geveo`pfelt
geveo`pfelt `pp`rtuldtdes
blg spelg expelsdve3
thedr kugjet `loy `lm`lsequeltoy, they fby
trbdldlj. Wypdmbooy,
efpo`yers n`rej` geveo`pfelt l`t kembuse `n expelse kut kembuse they
obmc the scdooeg pr`nessd`lbos wdthdl thedr `rjbldzbtd`ls t` geveo`p thedr tebf.
L`twdthstblgdlj the usubo grbwkbmcs, trbdldlj blg geveo`pfelt k`th `nner
mrumdbo bgvbltbjes t` the `rjbldzbtd`l blg dts tebf fefkers. M`lsdgerdlj
these bgvbltbjes, the tdfe blg f`ley spelt `l trbdldlj blg geveo`pfelt ds
b vboubkoe dlvestfelt.

7.7.2.; Geveo`p M`ltdlu`us, A`k-]pemdndm ]trbtejdm Wrbdldlj

Yr`jrbfs
 Boo tebf fefkers hbve webclesses dl thedr a`k scdoos. B geveo`pfelt

pr`jrbf boo`ws
`n dlgdvdgubos fblbjers
dlstebg t` streljthel
`n jelerbo leegeg
trbdldlj n`r scdoos. mrew
the eltdre Bggressdlj
boo`ws the leegs
n`r ketter
fblbjefelt `n odfdteg trbdldlj g`oobrs. B geveo`pfelt pr`jrbf mbrrdes boo
tebf fefkers t` b hdjher oeveo, s` they boo hbve m`fpbrbkoe scdoos blg
cl`woegje. Zebc odlcs wdthdl the `rjbldzbtd`l mbl ke streljtheleg ky
trbdldlj th`se wh` `therwdse w`uog reoy hebvdoy `l `thers, s` they mbl
m`fpoete kbsdm w`rc tbscs.

Wrbdldlj blg geveo`pfelt mrebtes bl `verboo cl`woegjebkoe stbnn wdth tebf

fefkers wh` mbl m`ver n`r ebmh `ther, w`rc bs b tebf fefker, `r w`rc
dlgepelgeltoy wdth`ut bssdstblme blg supervdsd`l nr`f `thers.
 Ybje 297
297 `n
 `n 274
274  

 B pr`peroy geveo`peg tebf fefker pern`rfs

pern`rfs ketter bt hds `r her a`k thbl
thbl
`le wh` ds l`t. Geveo`peg tebf fefkers bre f`re bwbre `n sbnety
prbmtdmes blg pr`per pr`megures n`r kbsdm tbscs. Geveo`pfelt kudogs
m`lndgelme ky streljtheldlj thedr ulgerstblgdlj `n the dlgustry blg a`k
resp`lsdkdodtdes. Whds m`lndgelme fby push thef t` pern`rf evel ketter blg
thdlc `n lew dgebs thbt heop thef exmeo evel f`re. M`ltdlu`us geveo`pfelt
bos` ceeps y`ur tebf `l the n`renr`lt `n dlgustry geveo`pfelts. Webf
fefkers wh` bre m`fpetelt blg `l t`p `n mhbljdlj dlgustry stblgbrgs heop
y`ur `rjbldzbtd`l fbdltbdl b m`fpetdtdve bgvbltbje blg refbdl b oebger dl
thedr dlgustry.

7.7.2.= Mr`ss-Nulmtd`lbo Wrbdldlj

 B strumtureg trbdldlj blg geveo`pfelt pr`jrbf elsures thbt y`ur tebf hbs
m`lsdstelt experdelme blg kbmcjr`ulg cl`woegje. ]umh m`lsdstelmy ds
pbrtdmuobroy reoevblt t` kbsdm p`odmdes blg pr`megures. Boo tebf fefkers
leeg t` ke bwbre `n the expemtbtd`ls blg pr`megures wdthdl the
`rjbldzbtd`l, dlmougdlj sbnety, gdsmrdfdlbtd`l, blg bgfdldstrbtdve tbscs.
Yuttdlj boo tebf fefkers thr`ujh rejuobr trbdldlj dl these brebs elsures
thbt boo stbnn fefkers hbve exp`sure t` sumh dln`rfbtd`l.

Webf fefkers wdth bmmess t` trbdldlj blg geveo`pfelt pr`jrbfs hbve bl

bgvbltbje kembuse dt sh`ws the tebf fefkers thbt they bre vboueg. Whe
geveo`pfelt mrebtes b supp`rtdve w`rcpobme. Webf fefkers fby jbdl
bmmess t` dgebs thbt they w`uogl't `therwdse hbve cl`wl bk`ut `r s`ujht
`ut thefseoves.
Webf fefkers wh` neeo bppremdbteg blg mhbooeljeg thr`ujh trbdldlj
`pp`rtuldtdes fby neeo f`re sbtdsnbmtd`l t`wbrg thedr a`ks, blg sumh a`k

sbtdsnbmtd`l wdoo dlmrebse reteltd`l.

Geveo`pfelt pr`jrbfs `nner the kest wby t` kudog bl `rjbldzbtd`l `n
pr`koef s`overs. T`ur geveo`pfelt pr`jrbf leegs t` n`mus `l kudogdlj b
tebf thbt l`t `loy mbl fbdltbdl the equdpfelt kut bos` cl`ws h`w t` getemt
blg dgeltdny dssues. Bly dssue
dss ue `l the poblt no``r ds bl `pp`rtuldty t` dfpr`ve
pern`rfblme blg enndmdelmy. B stbnn thbt m`ffuldmbtes dssues blg s`outd`ls
dlstebg `n hdgdlj thef ds evdgelme thbt the m`fpbly muoture pr`f`tes
m`ltdlubo dfpr`vefelt. Whds muoture wdoo ke kelendmdbo t` the k`tt`f-odle dl
the sh`rt terf blg dl the o`lj terf.
 Ybje 295
295 `n
 `n 274
274  

Dlvestfelt dl scdoos geveo`pfelt wdoo elhblme `rjbldzbtd`lbo `utput blg

efpo`yee f`rboe. B trbdleg stbnn thbt mbl bggress bly sdtubtd`l ds pr``n thbt
y`ur tebf ds b weoo-r`ulgeg blg dfpr`veg `perbtd`l.

Mobssr``f trbdldlj n`oo`weg wdth prbmtdmbo experdelme m`uog put bl elg t`

f`ley kedlj wbsteg `l fbdltelblme m`urses thbt tebf fefkers qudmcoy
n`rjet. @rjbldzbtd`ls mbl spelg tels `n th`usblgs `n g`oobrs `l fbdltelblme
trbdldlj yet f`st `n the cl`woegje ds lever useg dl the poblt. Dl nbmt, dt ds
m`ff`l n`r trbdlees t` n`rjet f`st `n the oess`ls oebrleg aust weecs bnter
the evelt. @le wby t` heop put bl elg t` thds phel`fel`l m`uog ke t` jdve
mobssr``f trbdldlj dl m`laulmtd`l wdth prbmtdmbo experdelme.

Dt ds b j``g dgeb t` g` gue gdodjelme `l boo trbdldlj thbt ds pr`vdgeg dl y`ur

poblt. Where ds l` austdndmbtd`l n`r pr`vdgdlj trbdldlj thbt g`es l`t geodver `l
ketter reodbkdodty dl the poblt. Where leegs t` ke b pobl wdth b resuot dl fdlg
ken`re bly trbdldlj tbces pobme. Wrbdldlj n`r the sbce `n trbdldlj ds l`t b
j``g kusdless gemdsd`l. Dn the pobl g`es l`t dlmouge geveo`pfelt `lme the
trbdldlj ds m`fpoete, thel sbve y`ur f`ley. Where sh`uog ke bugdts `n the
geveo`pfelt pobl t` elsure the pobl ds kedlj exemuteg.

7.7.2.7 Hdre Zeoo

Whe ndrst step dl trbdldlj y`ur tebf ds t` hdre the rdjht pe`poe. Hdrdlj leegs
t` ke geterfdleg dl fbdltelblme blg reodbkdodty ky qubodndeg fbdltelblme blg
reodbkdodty oebgers. Bt l` tdfe sh`uog y`u boo`w hufbl res`urmes (H[) t`
dlnouelme hdrdlj `n ulqubodndeg pers`lleo. Hdrdlj wbrf k`gdes ds l`t the j`bo
blg l`t m`lsdgereg hdrdlj weoo. Ndoodlj p`sdtd`ls n`r the sbce `n ndoodlj thef
g`es l`t streljthel y`ur tebf `r dfpr`ve y`ur pr`bmtdve strbtejy.

Hdrdlj `n ulscdooeg
`n qubodndeg hblgyfel
mrbntspe`poe. Dt ds n`r
l`t a`urley-oeveo p`sdtd`ls gdfdldshes
sbne n`r the ulqubodndeg mblgdgbte the p``o
`r the
`rjbldzbtd`l. T`ur sebrmh leegs t` n`mus `l pe`poe ebjer t` oebrl blg
m`ltdlubooy dfpr`ve. Dfpr`vdlj tebf pern`rfblme requdres tebf fefkers
wh` bre eljbjeg. Dn y`ur tebf ds strdvdlj t` oebrl f`re bk`ut thedr dlgustry
blg `rjbldzbtd`l, they wdoo pern`rf ketter dl thedr a`k blg see dt bs thedr
mbreer. Geveo`pfelt ds vdtbo t` bly efpo`yer—s bkdodty t` retbdl thedr tebf
fefkers, kudog o`yboty, blg hbrless the nuoo vboue `n thedr tebf.
 Ybje 29> `n 274 

Heop y`ur tebf fefkers ulgerstblg h`w thedr m`ltrdkutd`ls heop the `verboo
nulmtd`l. L`t every`le mbl see h`w they ndt dl the kdj pdmture. Zhel bl
efpo`yee hbs b a`k wdth b odfdteg sm`pe, he `r she
s he mbl neeo odce hds `r her
enn`rts bre l`t dfp`rtblt. Whr`ujh geveo`pfelt, the efpo`yer mbl heop the
tebf fefkers ulgerstblg h`w they ndt dlt` the `rjbldzbtd`l—s j`bos,
fdssd`l, blg strumture. Whds wdoo oebg t` f`re hdjhoy f`tdvbteg tebf
fefkers wh` ulgerstblg h`w they m`ltrdkute t` the `verboo summess `n the
`rjbldzbtd`l.  
`rjbldzbtd`l.

7.7.2.5 Eljbjdlj the Webf

Eljbjdlj the tebf dl the dfpr`vefelt pr`mess mbpdtbodzes `l ‟dlteooemt,‖ `le
`n the edjht ‟wbstes‖ `n Oebl fblunbmturdlj. ]`fe efpo`yees fby cl`w
f`re bk`ut h`w t` dfpr`ve the pr`mess thbl `thers. M`fpbldes m`uog hdre
`utsdge m`lsuotblts t` p`dlt `ut `pp`rtuldtdes, kut l`le `n these m`lsuotblts
hbve the dlsdjhts `n the pers`ls g`dlj the a`k. Whe j`bo ds t` geveo`p y`ur
efpo`yees t` see the `pp`rtuldtdes blg jdve thef b pr`mess t` krdlj thesethes e
dgebs t` the pr`per pe`poe. F`st `n the tdfe, boo efpo`yees leeg bre t``os,
egumbtd`l, `r `rjbldzbtd`l t` rebmh thedr nuoo p`teltdbo. Elbkodlj y`ur tebfs
t` heop jet thdljs rdjht wdoo dfpr`ve `utput blg qubodty. Dn pe`poe bre hbppder
dl thedr w`rc thel the mhblmes n`r summess dlmrebse grbfbtdmbooy.

Wrbdldlj n`r the sbce `n trbdldlj, fereoy t` tdmc b ko`mc `l b mhemcodst, serves
l` rebo purp`se. Evboubtdlj ebmh fefker `n y`ur tebf blg thedr scdoos ds
lemessbry t` kudog b geveo`pfelt pobl n`r the dlgdvdgubo. Ye`poe a`dl
m`fpbldes l`t aust n`r b a`k kut n`r b mbreer. W` dlmrebse pern`rfblme blg
reteltd`l, y`u fust pr`vdge thef wdth `pp`rtuldtdes n`r bgvblmefelt. Whese
`pp`rtuldtdes fust ke rebo. Whe`retdmbo pr`spemts wdoo oebg t`

gdselnrblmhdsefelt. Heopdlj
t` pern`rf bt b hdjher the tebf rebodze
oeveo. Egumbtd`l thedr
wdoo `pel j`bos
thedr wdoot`f`tdvbte
eyes thef
the kusdless
kusd less
blg mbl resuot dl oebgershdp scdoos n`r the nuture.

Dt ds dfp`rtblt t` selg the rdjht fessbje t` y`ur tebf. Dlvestfelts dl the

tebf oet the tebf cl`w they bre vboueg. Whese dlvestfelts teoo thef they
bre b o`lj-terf
o`lj-terf s`outd`l t` the m`fpbly—s summess blg thbt the `rjbldzbtd`l
vboues m`ltdlubo pr`jress. Whds dlvestfelt mrebtes o`yboty blg elthusdbsf
blg streljthels reteltd`l. Whe rebs`l f`st trbdldlj nbdos t` bmhdeve the
gesdreg resuots ds thbt dt bo`le mbll`t bmhdeve the resuots. Wrbdldlj wdth`ut
geveo`pfelt ds the rebs`l geveo`pfelt nbdos. Ken`re selgdlj y`ur tebf `nn
t` trbdldlj, y`u leeg b geveo`pfelt pobl gesdjleg n`r every`le blg n`museg
`l the `kaemtdves.
 Ybje 29:
29: `n
 `n 274
274  

7.7.; W``os

7.7.;.2 Yers`lleo Bssessfelts

 Bllubo efpo`yee pern`rfblme revdews bre the prdfbry femhbldsf useg t`
bssess a`k pern`rfblme. Gurdlj thds tdfe, the temhldmdbl blg thedr dffegdbte
supervds`r o``c kbmc `ver the bmm`fpodshfelts blg sh`rtm`fdljs `n the
prevd`us yebr. J`bos bre revdeweg blg pr`jress dl bttbdldlj these j`bos bre
bos` tbcel dlt` m`lsdgerbtd`l. Ferdt rbdses bre jdvel bs b rewbrg n`r w`rc
weoo g`le. Wrbdldlj leegs bre dgeltdndeg bt thds tdfe blg bos` bt `ther tdfes
gurdlj the yebr. J`bos n`r the m`fdlj yebr bre estbkodsheg `r redterbteg blg
k`th the efpo`yee blg supervds`r bjree dl wrdtdlj.

7.7.;.; ]tbrt wdth the Elg dl Fdlg 

W` trblsner the scdoos gesdreg blg bggresseg ky the trbdldlj sessd`ls, severbo
thdljs bre dfperbtdve ken`re stbrtdlj the geveo`pfelt. Lufker `le ds t`
fbce sure the geveo`pfelt ds leegeg. B rebo scdoos bssessfelt ds requdreg t`
geterfdle the leegs `n ebmh efpo`yee. Lext pr`vdge m`ltext t` the tebf
fefkers. Ndlbooy, n`mus the trbdldlj blg geveo`pfelt `l the reoevblt scdoos
thbt y`u leeg the tebf t` hbve.

7.7.;.= Bssessfelt
Elsure thbt the `pp`rtuldty y`u seec `r whbt y`u bre trydlj t` s`ove mbl ke
blswereg ky geveo`pfelt. Dn the efpo`yee ds l`t pern`rfdlj t` the
expemteg oeveo, dgeltdny dn y`u hbve pr`vdgeg the lemessbry geveo`pfelt t`
g` thedr a`k. G`es the efpo`yee hbve the bptdtuge n`r the p`sdtd`l0 Ds the
 a`k ds b j``g ndt0 Dn thds blswer ds, l` thel geveo`pdlj thef ds l`t the

blswer.
blg bkoe.Ye`poe bre ulgerstblg
Ultdo y`u edther wdoodljwhere
kut l`t
thebkoe, l`t wdoodlj
efpo`yee kut bkoe,
bko e,thef
sdts, selgdlj `r wdoodlj
t`
geveo`pfelt sh`uog wbdt.

7.7.;.7 M`ltext
Fbce sure they cl`w why they leeg b lew scdoo, elhblmefelt `n thedr
murrelt scdoos, `r `ther kelendts thbt the geveo`pfelt `nners. Whe efpo`yee
leegs t` see the m`llemtd`l ketweel thedr a`k blg the geveo`pfelt. Zhel
they ulgerstblg thds m`llemtd`l, they wdoo ke f`tdvbteg t` ndlg the reoevblt
dln`rfbtd`l dl geveo`pfelt.
 Ybje 298
298 `n
 `n 274
274  

7.7.;.5 N`mus
 B `le-sdze-ndts-boo trbdldlj pr`jrbf gesdjleg t` pr`vdge jelerdm dln`rfbtd`l ds
l`t whbt scdooeg pr`nessd`lbos leeg. Must`fdzeg bppr`bmhes gesdjleg t`
feet spemdndm `kaemtdves wdth n`oo`w up geveo`pfelt wdoo `nner the jrebtest
returl `l dlvestfelt. Gesdjl y`ur bppr`bmh s` dt ds febsurbkoe blg n`museg
`l spemdndm `utm`fes. Wydlj the geveo`pfelt `kaemtdves gdremtoy t` the
efpo`yee—s a`k blg scdoos `kaemtdves wdoo grdve the efpo`yee t` bttbdl the
pr`fdseg `kaemtdves. Ceep the fessbje moebr blg sh`w the efpo`yee h`w
the geveo`pfelt wdoo elrdmh hds `r her a`k.

7.7.= Yr`mess

7.7.=.2 Expemtbtd`ls
Fblbjefelt sh`uog bowbys m`ffuldmbte t` trbdlees the n`oo`wdlj1

Geveo`pfelt resuots bre expemteg nr`f the trbdldlj.

]upp`rt n`r the dfpoefeltbtd`l `n the m`urse wdoo ke pr`vdgeg.
Where wdoo ke bugdts `l the resuots.

Whe n`mus `n b fbdltelblme gepbrtfelt—s geveo`pfelt usubooy m`lmeltrbtes

`l o`werdlj fbdltelblme m`sts blg dfpr`vdlj equdpfelt reodbkdodty. B j``g
exbfpoe `n thds w`uog ke bodjlfelt geveo`pfelt. Femhbldms usubooy pern`rf
bl bodjlfelt bnter dlstboodlj b lew
l ew f`t`r, jebrk`x `r pufp, n`r exbfpoe.
Whe usubo n`rf `n thds trbdldlj n`muses `l h`w t` use the bodjlfelt t``o.
Whds bppr`bmh bmhdeves tebmhdlj the tebf h`w t` use the t``o, whdmh ds b
lemessbry pbrt `n the tbscs. B ketter bppr`bmh sh`uog
s h`uog dlmouge b prbmtdmbo
bppodmbtd`l `n h`w t` bodjl these types `n equdpfelt. B m`fprehelsdve

trbdldlj pobl hbs

n`r bodjlfelt k`th
bo`lj b mobssr``f
wdth blg b prbmtdmbo
bmtubo bodjlfelt bspemt.
spemdndmbtd`l n`r Bebmh
poblt stblgbrg
pdeme `n
bodjleg equdpfelt w`uog elsure vboue dl the trbdldlj blg elhblmefelt t`
the poblt—s k`tt`f-odle.
k`tt`f-odle.
 Ybje 294
294 `n
 `n 274
274  

7.7.=.; Bppr`bmh
F`st trbdldlj mobsses tebmh the`ry bk`ut whbt t` g` blg s`fetdfes dlmouge
hblgs-`l mobssr``f bppodmbtd`l. ]`fe `rjbldzbtd`ls g` b j``g a`k bt
trbdldlj b new temhldmdbls dl b mobssr``f n`oo`weg ky prbmtdmbo bppodmbtd`l dl
the poblt. H`wever, f`st trbdl severbo pe`poe, `loy t` lever redln`rme the
trbdldlj wdth prbmtdmbo bppodmbtd`l dl the nbmdodty. Whe kest bppr`bmh ds t`
dlmouge dfpoefeltbtd`l `n the the`ry tbujht dl the mobss. Whe prbmtdmbo
bppodmbtd`l sh`uog dlmouge sbnety, jettdlj the rdjht t``os, smheguodlj the tdfe
`l the equdpfelt wdth `perbtd`ls, blg whbt t` g` dn the bodjlfelt stblgbrg
mbll`t ke bmhdeveg.

7.7.=.= [es`urmes
Fbdltelblme m`lsuotblt m`fpbldes hbve strumtureg trbdldlj mobsses kbseg `l
the bk`ve prdlmdpoes. Wrbdldlj m`urses dl the esseltdbo mbre `n equdpfelt
must`fbrdoy obsteg n`r tw` `r three gbys. Dl the lew trbdldlj bppr`bmh, the
m`urses obsteg n`r three weecs. Kut gespdte tbcdlj fumh o`ljer, resuots
sh`weg thbt there bre fba`r kelendts t` prbmtdmdlj the stblgbrgs thbt hbve
 aust keel tbujht. Dlmougdlj b prbmtdmbo bspemt t` trbdldlj
trbdldlj heops the tebf
fefkers ulgerstblg the leeg n`r the stblgbrgs blg trbdldlj blg heops
thef refefker whbt wbs tbujht. Bos`, the pbrtdmdpblts jet f`re f`tdvbteg
blg pbrtdmdpbte dl the trbdldlj, kembuse they mbl see h`w dt bppodes gdremtoy
t` thedr gbdoy w`rc.

 B o`t `n poblldlj ds requdreg t` fbce thds bppr`bmh w`rc. ]mheguodlj the

equdpfelt, pers`lleo blg `ther res`urmes dl b j``g pobl wdoo elhblme the
resuots `n the trbdldlj. Fbdltelblme oebgers fust put t`jether b pobl thbt
dlmouges the n`oo`wdlj1

Z`rcdlj h`urs
Geveo`pfelt tdfe
Geveo`pfelt `n m`lgdtd`l-kbseg r`utes
Wdfe nr`f supervds`rs blg pobllers
Yers`lleo n`r elterdlj gbtb dlt` the m`fputerdzeg fbdltelblme systef, etm.

 B kbse odle ds estbkodsheg gurdlj the prepbrbtd`l perd`g. Usubooy, dt ds ebsdest

t` tbce b new pdmtures dl the poblt. Dssues sumh bs oukrdmbtd`l, bodjlfelt,
m`rr`sd`l, kboblmdlj, blg ndotrbtd`l mbl thel ke kr`ujht up gurdlj the m`urse
blg vdsubo exbfpoes gdspobyeg.
 Ybje 229
229 `n
 `n 274
274  

]pelgdlj f`ley `l geveo`pdlj y`ur fbdltelblme tebf—s scdoos wdoo l`t `loy
dlmrebse poblt `utput kut bos` dfpr`ve efpo`yee f`rboe. Zhel y`u hbve b
pr`peroy geveo`peg stbnn wdth the lemessbry scdoos t` pern`rf thedr a`k, y`u
wdoo see b step mhblje dl y`ur poblt—s reodbkdodty.
7.5 Oebg blg Fblbje Ye`poe
Whds dlmouges geveo`pdlj oebgershdp scdoos, bssessdlj pern`rfblme, pr`f`tdlj b
m``perbtdve w`rc elvdr`lfelt, nbmdodtbtdlj m`ffuldmbtd`l, etm.

7.5.2 M`lmepts
@le `n b fblbjer—s f`st dfp`rtblt blg f`st gdnndmuot resp`lsdkdodtdes ds t` oebg
blg fblbje pe`poe. Bs oebgers we hbve t` f`tdvbte, dlspdre, blg elm`urbje
`ur tebf whdoe bs fblbjers we hbve t` hdre, ndre, gdsmdpodle, evboubte blg
geveo`p `ur stbnn. Efpo`yees bre the nbme t` the must`fer blg the hebrt `n bl
`rjbldzbtd`l. Zdth`ut b mbpbkoe blg m`ffdtteg w`rcn`rme, ledther the
`rjbldzbtd`l l`r the fblbjer wdoo ke summessnuo. Fblbjers fust trebt
efpo`yees wdth gdjldty blg respemt blg heop thef ulgerstblg the dfp`rtblme
`n b reodbkdodty-n`museg fbdltelblme pr`jrbf. Fblbjers fust elsure thbt thedr
w`rcn`rme ds w`rcdlj ulger sbne m`lgdtd`ls blg neeos efp`wereg t` spebc up
whel b a`k ds ulsbne `r l`t kedlj g`le m`rremtoy. Fblbjers leeg mertbdl scdoos
blg cl`w h`w t` summessnuooy oebg b pr`bmtdve reodbkdodty-n`museg, bsset-
fblbjefelt pr`jrbf. 
pr`jrbf. 

7.5.2.2 Oebgershdp [esp`lsdkdodtdes

 B reodbkdodty oebger sets the vdsd`l blg strbtejy n`r the `rjbldzbtd`l blg
fbces sure the w`rcn`rme ulgerstblgs dts r`oe dl dts exemutd`l. Oebgers fust
m`ffuldmbte the strbtejy blg vdsd`l `ntel thr`ujh fuotdpoe feth`gs bs

gdsmusseg
rebg thedr dl 7.5.;.=.
efbdos F`st
`ntel3 w`rcn`rmes
`thers bre gdverse.
fby efkrbme s`mdbo]`fe efpo`yees
fegdb. ]h`wdlj upfbyn`rl`t
t``ok`x tbocs, pobmdlj dfp`rtblt fessbjes `l kuooetdl
kuoo etdl k`brgs `r usdlj Wwdtter
mbl ke ennemtdve feth`gs `n m`ffuldmbtd`l. Whe fessbje fust ke
m`lsdstelt.

 B reodbkdodty oebger mbll`t fblbje nr`f kehdlg b gesc. Wdfe fust ke set
bsdge t` perd`gdmbooy vdsdt efpo`yees dl the ndeog. ]tr`lj fblbjefelt
eljbjefelt elsures efpo`yees bre weoo dln`rfeg, resp`lsdkoe, ennemtdve,
sbne blg pr`gumtdve. Oebgers hbve t` ke noexdkoe
no exdkoe blg bgbptbkoe. Dl t`gby—s
elvdr`lfelt, kugjets bre m`lstbltoy kedlj bgausteg blg efpo`yees bre
f`re trblsdelt.
 Ybje 222
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274  

Oebgers hbve t` m`lstbltoy evboubte the vdsd`l blg strbtejy

s trbtejy t` elsure dt
bodjls wdth the `verboo leegs `n the `rjbldzbtd`l blg dts must`fers blg
expobdl bly mhbljes t` the w`rcn`rme dl b tdfeoy fbller.

Ennemtdve oebgers set the exbfpoe n`r k`th f`rbo blg pern`rfblme stblgbrgs
n`r thedr stbnn blg the `rjbldzbtd`l t` efuobte. Ennemtdve oebgers hbve the
resp`lsdkdodty `n mrebtdlj b p`sdtdve blg ennemtdve w`rc muoture. Z`rcdlj
t`jether the tebf pr`gumes f`re vboue thbl the suf `n the dlgdvdgubo
enn`rts. B oebger mbl ke gendleg bs s`fe`le wh` m`lsdsteltoy dlspdres
`rgdlbry pe`poe t` pern`rf bt extrb`rgdlbry oeveos. Whds bo`lj wdth jeludle
 ‟g`-the-rdjht-
 ‟g` -the-rdjht-thdlj‖
thdlj‖ kehbvd`r bre the dfpetus n`r dlspdrbtd`l. 
dlspdrbtd`l.  

Oebgers efp`wer efpo`yees bt the o`west oeveo p`ssdkoe. Efpo`yees wh`

neeo efp`wereg t` fbce gemdsd`ls kbseg `l nulgbfeltbos, trbdldlj blg
experdelme wdoo tbce `wlershdp n`r resuots. ]umh efp`werfelt regumes the
lufker `n gemdsd`ls thbt b reodbkdodty oebger hbs t` fbce blg nrees hdf `r her
t` n`mus `l hdjh-oeveo `kaemtdves `n the `rjbldzbtd`l.

7.5.2.; Fbdltelblme blg [eodbkdodty Oebgers

Fbdltelblme blg reodbkdodty oebgers bre uotdfbteoy resp`lsdkoe n`r cl`wdlj
blg bppoydlj reodbkdodty kest prbmtdmes t` elsure bssets
bss ets bre bvbdobkoe t`
supp`rt the fdssd`l whel requdreg.

Oebgers egumbte blg redln`rme the F&[ kest prbmtdmes h`rdz`ltbooy blg
vertdmbooy thr`ujh`ut the `rjbldzbtd`lbo tebf. Whey elsure the w`rcn`rme hbs
the pr`per trbdldlj blg t``os t` pern`rf thedr a`k sbneoy blg ennemtdveoy. Whey
oeverbje the n`oo`wdlj t``os dl thedr `rjbldzbtd`ls.

M`lgumt r``t mbuse nbdoure blboysds ([MNB)

Yobl blg smheguoe w`rc
Geveo`p CYDs blg fetrdms
Elm`urbje efpo`yees t` kem`fe mertdndeg (MF[Y `r MF[W)
N`mus `l qubodty `n pr`bmtdve w`rc
[evdew MFF] gbtb n`r bmmurbmy blg mobrdty
Elm`urbjes efpo`yees t` bmhdeve hdjher oeveos `n egumbtd`l
Utdodzes pregdmtdve fbdltelblme (YgF) feth`gs bs fumh bs p`ssdkoe

7.5.; W``os
 Ybje 22;
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274  

7.5.;.2 Yremurs`r W``os

Oebgers `rmhestrbte wdth blg wdthdl vbrd`us res`urmes blg nrbfew`rcs t`
bmhdeve the gesdreg resuots. Whese res`urmes blg nrbfew`rcs mbl ke
estbkodsheg ky summessnuo m`fpoetd`l `n the n`oo`wdlj.
Dgeltdnydlj the `rjbldzbtd`l—s j`bos
j` bos (7.2).
 Blboyzdlj leegs blg jbps (7.;).
Wrbdldlj blg hdrdlj n`r leegeg expertdse (7.7).

 Bsset-fblbjefelt bssessfelts bre vboubkoe t` dgeltdny jbps dl

fbdltelblme `rjbldzbtd`ls. Zhether pern`rfeg dlterlbooy `r ky b thdrg pbrty,
they sh`uog n`mus `l the ndve pdoobrs. @lme the jbps bre dgeltdndeg b pobl ds
geveo`peg t` mo`se ebmh jbp. Fblbjers sh`uog ke mmbrenuo brenuo bk`ut bttefptdlj
t` mo`se every jbp dl the ndrst yebr dn there bre sdjldndmblt brebs n`r
dfpr`vefelt. Aust odce fbdltelblme w`rc `rgers, ebmh tbsc sh`uog ke
prd`rdtdzeg blg smheguoeg t` elsure enndmdelmy blg ennemtdveless.  
J``g a`k gesmrdptd`ls elsure efpo`yees bre hdreg blg trbdleg pr`peroy. A`k
gesmrdptd`ls sh`uog dgeltdny spemdndm tbscs thbt the temhldmdbl, fbdltelblme
blg reodbkdodty eljdleer `r supervds`r wdoo ke pern`rfdlj, bo`lj wdth the
bppr`prdbte physdmbo requdrefelts blg cl`woegje pbrbfeters. L`thdlj hurts
bl `rjbldzbtd`l f`re thbl hdrdlj the wr`lj pe`poe. A`k gesmrdptd`ls sh`uog
ke evboubteg perd`gdmbooy t` elsure they bre up t` gbte. N`r exbfpoe, fbly
f`gerl fbmhdles requdre the use `n m`fputers `r hufbl-fbmhdle dlternbmes
t` tr`ukoesh``t blg fbdltbdl thef. A`k gesmrdptd`ls sh`uog requdre
temhldmdbls t` ke bkoe t` use b pers`lbo m`fputer n`r tr`ukoesh``tdlj.

7.5.;.; @perbtd`lbo
Whe bk`ve semtd`l 7.= Nrbfew`rc
bk`ve `l the W``os
geveo`peg `rjbldzbtd`l strumture
pr`vdges the ruoes blg nrbfew`rc ky whdmh dln`rfbtd`l, gemdsd`ls, blg
w`rcno`w bre bmteg up`l bmm`rgdlj t` the keo`w semtd`l 7.5.= `l pr`messes.

Ennemtdve fblbjefelt systefs dgeltdny the pr`messes blg pr`megures

leegeg exemute the w`rc dl bl enndmdelt fbller. Whey sh`uog ke getbdoeg
el`ujh n`r efpo`yees t` m`fpoete thedr tbsc yet vbjue el`ujh t` perfdt
efpo`yees t` thdlc blg bppoy o`jdm t` m`fpoete the tbsc wdth`ut st`ppdlj
w`rc n `r
`r bl dlterpretbtd`l. Whey brel—t tbljdkoe odce wrelmhes, vehdmoes blg
m`fputers kut wdth`ut these pr`messes blg pr`megures the `rjbldzbtd`l
mbll`t ke bs enndmdelt bs dt leegs t` ke.
 Ybje 22=
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274  

D]@ 55999 estbkodshes the kbsdm p`odmdes, pr`messes blg pr`megures t` elsure
bl ennemtdve bsset fblbjefelt pr`jrbf.

@le `n the f`st dfp`rtblt t``os bvbdobkoe t` b fbdltelblme fblbjer blg the
w`rcn`rme ds b m`fputerdzeg fbdltelblme fblbjefelt systef (MFF]).
MFF] sh`uog ke nuooy ulgerst``g, useg blg bppodeg. Fbly `rjbldzbtd`ls
typdmbooy use `loy the kbre fdldfbo mbpbkdodtdes `n the MFF]3 n`r exbfpoe,
they fby use MFF] `loy t` pr`mess blg trbmc w`rc `rgers. @rjbldzbtd`ls
sh`uog evboubte every mbpbkdodty `n these systefs blg m`lsdger h`w ebmh
bnnemts `thers. Yern`rf returl `l dlvestfelt ([@D) mbomuobtd`ls t` geterfdle
whether `r l`t bggdtd`lbo f`guoes `r mbpbkdodtdes sh`uog ke dfpoefelteg.
Whe gbtb dl the MFF] dgebooy fust ke useg ky oebgers t` fbce dln`rfeg
gemdsd`ls bk`ut YF `ptdfdzbtd`l, kbg bmt`rs blg h`w t` dlvest dl nuture
mbpdtbo dfpr`vefelt pr`aemts.

@ther t``os bvbdobkoe t` fblbjers dlmouge the dlgustrdbo dlterlet `n thdljs

(DD`W), `l-odle m`lgdtd`l-kbseg f`ldt`rdlj blg gbtb blboytdms. Bs f`re blg
f`re sels`rs bre gepo`yeg gurdlj the n`urth dlgustrdbo rev`outd`l, these
sels`rs mbl ke useg t` bssess the m`lgdtd`l `n equdpfelt. Gbtb blboytdms
s`ntwbre boo`ws n`r the evboubtd`l `n gbtb l`t
l` t `loy nr`f sels`rs kut bos`
nr`f the MFF]. Dt mbl eodfdlbte l`l-vboue bggeg fbdltelblme pr`messes bs
weoo bs dlgdmbte where fbdltelblme mrews sh`uog ke n`musdlj thedr tdfe.
@rjbldzbtd`ls wh` nbdo t` rem`jldze thbt thds ds where the w`rog ds j`dlj wdoo
ke phbseg `ut.

7.5.;.= M`ffuldmbtd`l, [esp`lsdkdodty, blg Bmm`ultbkdodty

M`ffuldmbtd`l ds the odneko``g `n bly `rjbldzbtd`l. F`st nbdoures mbl ke

trbmeg kbmc t` p``r

useg thr`ujh`ut m`ffuldmbtd`l
dlgustry prbmtdmes.
wdth `le `n the f`reFbly m`ffuldmbtd`l
m`ff`l `les kedlj t``os
the bre
[B]MD f`geo, b n`rfbodzeg wby t` rem`rg wh` ds [esp`lsdkoe, Bmm`ultbkoe,
]upp`rtdve, M`lsuoteg, blg Dln`rfeg gurdlj b pr`mess `r pr`aemt. Whe [B]MD
t``o blg fbly odce dt bre useg t` dgeltdny the vbrd`us pbrtdes wdth wh`f t`
m`ffuldmbteg, t` mobrdny thedr r`oes blg res`ove bly `verobps blg jbps dl the
m`ffuldmbtd`l pobl.

Dl bggdtd`l t` the bn`refeltd`leg, n`rfbo, m`ffuldmbtd`l feth`gs, dln`rfbo

m`ffuldmbtd`l ds equbooy p`wernuo. [`utdle shbrdlj `n dln`rfbtd`l ds b
pbthwby n`r oebrldlj bs weoo bs tebmhdlj wdthdl bl `rjbldzbtd`l. Nrequelt
dln`rfbo feetdljs t` shbre `r seec dln`rfbtd`l ds b jrebt wby t` elsure

m`ffuldmbtd`l ds `mmurrdlj.
 Ybje 227
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Zhether usdlj n`rfbo `r dln`rfbo m`ffuldmbtd`l feth`gs, mobrdty dl the

fessbje ds cey. Mobrdty ds bmhdeveg ky ulgerstblgdlj `n the dltelt `n the
m`ffuldmbtd`l. Zhether dln`rfbtd`l ds kedlj shbreg `r s`ujht, mobrdty ds bl
`utput `n poblldlj the m`ffuldmbtd`l.

7.5.= Yr`messes

7.5.=.2 ]et, M`ffuldmbte, blg Fbdltbdl the M`urse

Ennemtdve oebgers evboubte blg geveo`p dgebs blg feth`gs nr`f boo
stbceh`ogers t` bmm`fpodsh the j`bos. Dl the elg, the oebger bppr`ves blg
thel m`ffuldmbtes the pobl.

Oebgers fust g` the n`oo`wdlj1

]hbre kr`bg swbtmhes blg getbdos `n the pobl,

 Bggress bly questd`ls blg reservbtd`ls ebroy `l,
Geoejbte ebrleg resp`lsdkdodty,
Geveo`p rep`rtdlj neegkbmc mhblleos,
Eln`rme bmm`ultbkdodty, blg
Elgure ulgerstblgdlj `n the ‟why.‖  

Whe ‟why‖ ds the rebs`l n`r the dgeb blg gendles h`w ebmh tebf fefker
m`ltrdkutes. Webf fefkers wh` ulgerstblg why thedr m`ltrdkutd`ls fbtter
wdoo ke f`re odceoy t` kuy dl t` the pr`mess. Dl f`st `rjbldzbtd`ls the ‟why‖
ds lever gdsmusseg. Zdth`ut b weoo-gendleg
weoo- gendleg blg sdfpoe ‟why,‖ tebf fefkers
bre ulbkoe t` ndjure `ut the ‟whbt‖ blg the ‟kest h`w‖ t` bmhdeve the f`st

enndmdelt s`outd`l.
Oebgers estbkodsh n`rfbo, tdfe-kbseg, `pel mhblleos, whdmh bre n`r rep`rtdlj
blg shbrdlj dln`rfbtd`l blg resuots nr`f ebmh nulmtd`lbo gepbrtfeltbo
semtd`l. Ennemtdve, `pel, blg strumtureg feetdljs mbl ke useg t` shbre
upgbtes, meoekrbte vdmt`rdes, blg s`odmdt dgebs nr`f peers n`r dfpr`vefelt.

Oebgers mrebte the femhbldsf n`r h`w blg whel m`urse f`gdndmbtd`ls bre
geveo`peg, evboubteg, austdndeg, bppr`veg blg m`ffuldmbteg. Oebgers mrebte
the elvdr`lfelt where mrumdbo dln`rfbtd`l ds trblspbreltoy shbreg wdthdl the
fbdltelblme blg reodbkdodty gepbrtfelt bs weoo bs thr`ujh`ut `ther
gepbrtfelts `n the `rjbldzbtd`l, wherever dt mbl kelendt `r ke n`oo`weg up

`l n`r the ketterfelt `n the `rjbldzbtd`l.

 Ybje 225
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274  

Dlgdvdgubo geveo`pfelt ds elhblmeg ky estbkodshdlj n`rfbo, tdfeoy, rejuobroy

smheguoeg, dlgdvdgubo `le-`l-`le  feetdljs
 feetdljs wdth gdremt rep`rts. Whese
feetdljs mbl ke useg t` `peloy gdsmuss, set, blg steer dlgdvdgubo
pern`rfblme, trbdldlj (see ]emtd`l 7.7.= bk`ve) blg mbreers.

Whe `rjbldzbtd`l—s f`st vboubkoe res`urme ds dts `rjbldzeg, pr`gumtdve,

f`tdvbteg blg tebf-`rdelteg efpo`yees. Elm`urbje h`lest, pern`rfblme-
dfpr`vefelt gdsmussd`ls wdth `peldlj questd`ls sumh bs ‟Zhbt ds the f`st
dfp`rtblt thdlj we sh`uog tboc bk`ut t`gby0‖ Elm`urbje resp`lsdkdodty dl
dlgdvdgubo bss`mdbtes wdth seon-rep`rtdlj `n thedr j`bos blg bmm`fpodshfelts.
Yr`vdge elm`urbjefelt blg res`urmes n`r m`ltdlubo oebrldlj blg seon-
dfpr`vefelt, whdmh m`uog ke fblgbteg dn lemessbry. Ennemtdve oebgers
felt`r blg f`tdvbte bly stbnn fefkers wdth gdremt rep`rts, elm`urbjdlj
`le-`l-`le feetdljs blg strdvdlj n`r the sbfe m`ltdlubo seon-dfpr`vefelt.

7.5.=.; Geveo`p Z`rcno`w Yr`megures

Oebgers geveo`p pr`megures blg pr`messes thbt strdve n`r sbne, repebtbkoe
resuots jdvel sdfdobr dlputs, rejbrgoess `n the bss`mdbtes wdthdl the w`rc
pr`mess. Dl `ther w`rgs, resuots sh`uog ke feet the `kaemtdves `n the
request`r, rejbrgoess `n the dlgdvdgubo, shdnt, `r tdfe dltervbo, whdmh fby
hbve mhbljeg sdlme thds type `n w`rc wbs obst bmm`fpodsheg. Oebgers use,
elhblme blg redln`rme the bssdjleg gutdes, r`oes, blg resp`lsdkdodtdes thbt bre
geodlebteg dl ]emtd`l 7.= `l `rjbldzbtd`lbo strumture. Dl thds fbller, boo
fefkers cl`ws thedr r`oes blg the r`oes `n thedr tebffbtes.

Oebgers geveo`p blg pukodsh feth`g`o`jdes n`r h`w w`rc ds rep`rteg blg
mbtej`rdzeg ky prd`rdty.
evboubteg, h`w m`sts blgWhey geveo`p
kelendts brethe pr`mess n`r
geterfdleg blgh`w requesteg
bppr`veg, blgw`rc
whbtds
oeveos `n bppr`vbo bre requdreg n`r w`rc types blg m`st/kelendt vboues `n
requests. Whds pr`mess ds gesdjleg t` `ktbdl b ‟gemdsd`l 
‟gemdsd`l  m`lsdstelmy‖ thbt ds
kbseg `l `rjbldzbtd`lbo vboue, rejbrgoess `n request`r `r thedr ‟pbssd`l‖ n`r
the request.

N`r m`lsdstelmy `n `utput, oebgers elm`urbje stbnn t` n`oo`w the exdstdlj

pr`messes useg n`r w`rc/tbsc poblldlj, smheguodlj, blg exemutd`l. Oebgers
geveo`p blg elm`urbje `pel m`ffuldmbtd`l t` s`odmdt dgebs n`r dfpr`vefelt
`n exdstdlj pr`messes.
 Ybje 22>
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7.5.=.= Geveo`p Dln`rfbtd`l ]t`rbje Yr`megures

Oebgers geveo`p pr`megures t` strdve n`r repebtbkdodty `n the gesmrdptd`ls blg
rem`rgdljs `n pr`koefs, dlmougdlj h`w pr`koefs bre mbtej`rdzeg blg the
res`outd`l `n the pr`koef. Whds pr`mess boo`ws pr`koefs t` ke blboyzeg `ver
tdfe n`r trelgs, r``t mbuses blg s`outd`ls. Dt bos` boo`ws n`r o`lj-terf,
m`lsdstelt st`rbje `n thdlcdlj pr`messes, p`teltdbo repbdrs, blg bstute
res`outd`ls. Oebgers geveo`p pr`messes n`r whbt blg h`w t` rem`rg bssetbss et
dln`rfbtd`l blg n`r wh` exemutes the rem`rgdljs `n w`rc.

Oebgers wdoo mbpture blg g`mufelt the mhbljes dl pr`mess blg wdoo
geterfdle blg pukodmdze the `le ‟ev`oveg‖ pr`mes
pr`messs thbt w`rcs the kest blg
wdoo stdmc wdth dt. Whe pr`mess whdmh w`rcs the kest ds the `le thbt ydeogs the
kest resuots dl bttbdlfelt `n stbteg j`bos.
 Ybje 22:
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274  

Ydoobr 7 Fetrdms Bppelgdx

W` bmmess blg g`wlo`bg the ]F[Y Kest Yrbmtdmes > th Egdtd`l, poebse j` t`
www.sfrp.`rj. 
www.sfrp.`rj. 

Fetrdm 7.2 [ew`rc

Fetrdm 7.;.2 Fbdltelblme Wrbdldlj M`st
Fetrdm 7.;.; Fbdltelblme Wrbdldlj H`urs
Fetrdm 7.;.= Fbdltelblme Wrbdldlj [eturl `l Dlvestfelt ([@D)
 Ybje 228
228 `n
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274  

F&[ K`gy `n Cl`woegje

@vervdew `n 5.9 Z`rc Fblbjefelt 

Fblbjefelt 
 Ybje 224
224 `n
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274  

5.9 Z`rc Fblbjefelt

5.2 Dgeltdny,
Estbkodsh w`rc ^bodgbte blgpr`messes,
dgeltdndmbtd`l Bppr`ve seoemt
Z`rc blg
Dltbce
bppr`ve vdbkoe w`rc, etm.

Whe pers`ls wh` dgeltdny fbdltelblme requdrefelts leeg t` cl`w types `n

bmtd`ls thbt mbl ke tbcel blg whel they sh`uog ke tbcel nr`f b temhldmbo
stblgp`dlt. Mbpbkdodtdes t` bssess the kusdless austdndmbtd`l n`r the fbdltelblme
pobl blg geveo`p gbtb supp`rt systefs bre bos`
bos ` dfp`rtblt. Whe bkdodty t`
fblbje the w`rc, fbdltbdl the bppr`prdbte kbmco`j, blg fdldfdze `vergue
w`rc bre bos` lemessbry. Whe fbdltelblme pr`nessd`lbo leegs t` ulgerstblg
the dlputs t` the w`rc dgeltdndmbtd`l phbse `n b poblleg
pobll eg w`rc pr`mess. Yoblldlj,
smheguodlj, reodbkdodty, blg suppoy mhbdl fblbjefelt boo gepelg up`l the ebroy
dgeltdndmbtd`l `n w`rc t` ke summessnuo.

5.2.2 M`lmepts

5.2.2.2 Z`rc Dgeltdndmbtd`l

Z`rc Dgeltdndmbtd`l sh`uog n`oo`w b systefbtdm pr`mess thbt boo`ws bly`le t`
dgeltdny w`rc, typdmbooy `n b fbterdeo gendmdelmy, m`rremtdve lbture.

5.2.2.; Z`rc [equest Yrd`rdtdzbtd`l

Z`rc [equest Yrd`rdtdzbtd`l wdoo ke bssdjleg t` the Z`rc @rger bnter the
weecoy poblldlj blg smheguodlj feetdlj. Whe prd`rdtdzbtd`l ds edther Urjelt
`r [`utdle. Boo Eferjelmy w`rc wdoo ke upgbteg bnter the eferjelmy w`rc ds
m`fpoete.

5.2.2.= Z`rc [equest ]ukfdssd`l Yr`mess

Z`rc [equest ]ukfdssd`l Yr`mess wdoo ke sdfpoe blg wdoo l`t requdre mrbnt-
w`rcers t` o`j dlt` MFF].

5.2.2.7 Z`rc [equest Bppr`vbo

Z`rc [equest Bppr`vbo wdoo ke renoemteg dl the Z`rc @rger stbtus. Dn w`rc
request ds l`t bppr`veg, the `rdjdlbt`r `n request wdoo ke dln`rfeg bs t` why.

5.2.2.5 Z`rc [equest Mbtej`rdzbtd`l

Z`rc [equest Mbtej`rdzbtd`l wdoo ke gesmrdkeg bs edther m`rremtdve `r
preveltdve3 `r eose bs bl upjrbge `r f`gdndmbtd`l

5.2.; W``os
 Ybje 2;9
2;9 `n
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274  

5.2.;.2 EBF] blg MFF]

Z`rc dgeltdndmbtd`l t``os dlmouge bl Elterprdse Bsset Fblbjefelt ]ystef
(EBF]) `r b M`fputerdzeg Fbdltelblme Fblbjefelt ]ystef (MFF]). Whe
systef m`ltbdls pbst, preselt, blg nuture gbtb `l bssets, obk`r, poblleg
spbre pbrts useg, blg dl whdmh mbpbmdty where the pbrts useg bs weoo bs bly
spemdbo t``odlj `r requdreg mrbnt-w`rcer qubodndmbtd`ls.

5.2.;.; Z`rc [equest

Whds g`mufelt ds useg n`r m`lsdstelt gbtb m`ooemtd`l n`r the w`rc requesteg.

5.2.;.= Z`rc @rger

@le `r f`re w`rc requests m`fkdleg dl `le bppr`veg g`mufelt whdmh
spemdndes the bmtdvdtdes, res`urmes, geodverbkoes, sm`pe, pr`p`seg geodvery gbte
blg m`st kugjet requdreg t` m`fpoete the a`k. 
a`k. 

5.2.= Yr`messes
 Bl ennemtdve pr`megure elsures thbt fbdltelblme res`urmes bre requesteg
requesteg
bmmurbteoy blg m`lsdsteltoy wdth boo lemessbry eoefelts pr`vdgeg t` the
fbdltelblme jr`ups. Ebmh `rjbldzbtd`l fust gendle thedr dlgdvdgubo w`rc
dgeltdndmbtd`l pr`mess. Boo dlm`fdlj w`rc requests bre sukfdtteg dl the sbfe
fbller wdthdl bl `rjbldzbtd`l l` fbtter whbt eltdty jelerbtes the w`rc
request. Whey bre prd`rdtdzeg kbseg `l b gendleg set `n requdrefelts. [equests
leeg t` dlmouge kbsdm
kbsdm gbtb p`dlts thbt boo`w lext oeveo revdews. Whe
`rjbldzbtd`l leegs t` geterfdle gbtb p`dlts (e.j., bsset dfpbmteg, rebs`l n`r
w`rc, sukfdtter, m`st estdfbte, smheguoe requdrefelts).

N`r M`rremtdve & [ebmtdve Fbdltelblme, b sm`pdlj g`mufelt mbl mbpture

dln`rfbtd`l, sumh bs bly
bl y pbrts leegeg blg dl whbt qubltdty, t``os, o`mbtd`l,
]ZY/O@W@ requdrefelts, h`t w`rc, M`lndleg ]pbme3 blg blswer dn the
leegeg w`rc requdres odntdlj, trblsp`rtdlj b hebvy o`bg, nboo pr`temtd`l, `ther
YYE, `r dlterbmtd`l wdth bl`ther w`rc jr`up.

5.2.=.2 Z`rc [equest ]tblgbrgdzbtd`l

Estbkodsh b stblgbrg g`mufelt n`r boo dlm`fdlj w`rc requests. ]et fdldfuf
gbtb p`dlts t` ke dlmougeg thereky eln`rmdlj kusdless ruoes. Wrbdl elg-users
thbt requdreg ndeogs leeg t` ke p`puobteg ken`re sbvdlj the g`mufelt.
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5.2.=.; Yers`lleo Bssdjlfelt

 Bssdjl pers`lleo t` revdew sukfdtteg w`rc request t`
t` elsure dln`rfbtd`l ds
bmmurbte blg m`fpoete.

5.2.=.= Buth`rdzeg Yers`lleo

Gesdjlbte/dgeltdny pers`lleo buth`rdzeg t` bppr`ve w`rc request. Whe
bppr`vbo pr`mess geterfdles whbt w`rc wdoo ke m`fpoeteg blg ref`ves
gupodmbte requests. Geveo`p b systef thbt prevelts gupodmbte w`rc requests
nr`f kedlj eltereg dlt` the MFF] ky gdnnerelt `rdjdlbt`rs. Estbkodsh n`oo`w-
up steps t` ke tbcel n`r boo sukfdtteg, bppr`veg `r geldeg requests.

5.2.=.7 Z`rc Mbtej`rdzbtd`l

Geveo`p blg bppoy b pr`mess thbt mbtej`rdzes poblleg blg ulpoblleg
ulpo blleg w`rc1

Yr`bmtdve Z`rc (sumh bs r``t mbuse nbdoure blboysds)

Yreveltdve Fbdltelblme
M`rremtdve Z`rc (dgeltdndeg ky bly`le)
[ebmtdve Z`rc (blythdlj krebcdlj dlt` b smheguoe, rejbrgoess `n the
rebs`l, dlmougdlj krebcg`wls blg ulpoblleg fbdltelblme.
Nbst trbmc bly sbnety- `r m`fpodblme-reobteg tbscs
Yoblt `r equdpfelt upjrbges

5.2.=.5 Z`rc [equest ^bodgbtd`l Mrdterdb

Estbkodsh mrdterdb thbt m`lstdtute vbodgbtd`l `n w`rc requests.

5.2.=.> Z`rc [equest Esmbobtd`l

Geveo`p pr`megure t` geterfdle dn the w`rc request wdoo ke n`rfbooy turleg
dlt` b w`rc `rger n`r nurther sm`pdlj/poblldlj/smheguodlj/exemutd`l.
5.2.=.: Z`rc Jr`up M`ffuldmbtd`ls
Geveo`p m`ffuldmbtd`l pr`mess t` upgbte the requestdlj kusdless uldt `n `l
the stbtus `n the Z`rc `rger. Bppr`veg `r reaemteg w`rc wdoo ke grdvel ky
Z`rc @rger stbtus.

5.; Yrd`rdtdze Z`rc

5.;.2 M`lmepts
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5.;.2.2 Yrd`rdtdzbtd`l Yr`mess

Yrd`rdtdzbtd`l pr`mess ds efpo`yeg n`r lew blg kbmco`j w`rc. Dn the MFF]
hbs thds nulmtd`lbodty, m`lsdger bssdjldlj b w`rc prd`rdty rblcdlj sumh bs
eferjelmy (2), urjelt (;) `r r`utdle (=). M`lsdger whether `r l`t the bsset
ds mrdtdmbo, `r whether `r l`t the systef where bsset odves ds
d s mrdtdmbo.

5.;.2.; Bsset Mrdtdmbodty

Mrdtdmbodty bssessfelt `n the bssets blg the w`rc requdreg wdoo bssdst dl
rblcdlj smheguoeg w`rc dl `rger `n dfp`rtblme. 
dfp`rtblme.  

5.;.2.= [DFE
[blcdlj dlgex n`r fbdltelblme expelgdtures ([DFE) 
([DFE)  

5.;.; W``os

5.;.;.2 Bsset Mrdtdmbodty Evboubtd`l Yr`mess

Equdpfelt/systef mrdtdmbodty geterfdles the reobtdve mrdtdmbodty kbseg `l
`rjbldzbtd`lbooy bmmepteg mrdtdmbodty mrdterdb. B luferdmbo sm`re wdoo ke
bssdjleg t` ebmh equdpfelt rem`rg. 
rem`rg. 

5.;.;.; Yr`gumtd`l
Yr`gumtd`l leegs wdoo dt feet expemteg qu`tb.

5.;.;.= M`fpodblme
]bnety blg rejuobt`ry m`fpodblme bs weoo bs elvdr`lfeltbo w`rc wdoo hbve
hdjher prd`rdty thbl r`utdle m`rremtdve fbdltelblme w`rc.

5.;.;.7 [DFE
[blcdlj Dlgex Fbdltelblme Expelgdtures ([DFE)

5.;.;.5 Yrd`rdtdzbtd`l F`geo

Whe Dltermept [blcdlj Bsset prd`rdtdzbtd`l w`rcsheet ds useg t` evboubte
bssets `l `perbtd`lbo, sbnety, elvdr`lfeltbo, sdljoe-p`dlt nbdoure,
fbdltbdlbkdodty, reodbkdodty, spbres oebg tdfe, rejuobt`ry severdtdes. Bl NFEB
blboysds `n the f`st mrdtdmbo equdpfelt ds mbrrdeg `ut per resuots `n
prd`rdtdzbtd`l w`rcsheet. D]@ 27;;7-;99> blg `ther sdfdobr stblgbrgs mbl ke
useg.

5.;.= Yr`messes
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5.;.=.2 Yern`rf Mrdtdmbodty Bssessfelt

Geveo`p blg pern`rf b mrdtdmbodty bssessfelt n`r cey systefs `r equdpfelt
blg estbkodsh b systef t` m`ffuldmbte resuots t` ke useg dl the poblldlj
blg smheguodlj pr`mess.

5.;.=.; Dgeltdndeg-Z`rc Yrd`rdtdzbtd`l Yr`mess

Geveo`p blg dfpoefelt b n`rfbo prd`rdtdzbtd`l pr`mess n`r dgeltdndeg w`rc
usdlj systef blg/`r equdpfelt mrdtdmbodty blg/`r `ther dlputs sumh bs
elvdr`lfeltbo heboth blg sbnety (EH]) dfpbmt blg qubodty.

5.;.=.= [DFE Z`rc [blcdlj

[blcdlj Dlgex n`r Fbdltelblme Expelgdtures ([DFE) ds b feth`g `n rblcdlj
kbseg `l w`rc mobssdndmbtd`l, bsset mrdtdmbodty, blg
bl g mrebtd`l gbte `n w`rc-
`rger.

5.;.=.7 Dgeltdny Yrd`rdtdzbtd`l ]ystef

Dgeltdny the prd`rdty systef thbt feets the poblt-spemdndm requdrefelts blg
estbkodshes bsset mrdtdmbodty reobtdve t` `perbtd`ls.

5.;.=.5 G`mufelt Yrd`rdtdzbtd`l ]ystef

Wh`r`ujhoy g`mufelt the prd`rdtdzbtd`l systef, m`ffuldmbte dts dltelgeg
use t` the bppr`prdbte pers`lleo blg dfpoefelt the systef.

5.;.=.> Yers`lleo Wrbdldlj

Wrbdl boo bppodmbkoe pers`lleo blg expemt use `n prd`rdtdzbtd`l `n w`rc dl boo
m`lgdtd`ls.

5.;.=.: Yrd`rdtdzbtd`l ]ystef Bugdt

 Bugdt the prd`rdtdzbtd`l pr`mess t` elsure m`fpodblme t` the estbkodsheg
estbkodsheg
systef.

5.;.=.8 @utoders
Geterfdle pr`mess t` revdew `utoders thbt g`l—t ndt dl sm`pe `n revdews.
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5.= Yobl Z`rc

Geveo`p a`k pbmcbje dlmougdlj sm`pe, pr`megures, renerelmes, fbterdbos, t``os,
testdlj, etm .

Whe w`rc poblldlj nulmtd`l uses cl`woegje blg dln`rfbtd`l bk`ut equdpfelt,
 a`k tbscs, t``os blg fbterdbos, mrbnt-w`rcer scdoos blg mregeltdbos, blg w`rc
elvdr`lfelts t` pr`gume b w`rcer dln`rfbtd`l pbmcbje (`r b a`k pobl). Whe
pbmcbje m`ltbdls getbdoeg dln`rfbtd`l bk`ut w`rc sm`pe blg pr`megures,
spemdndmbtd`ls blg rejuobtd`ls, blg requdreg t``os blg fbterdbos. Dt ds pr`gumeg
blg m`ffuldmbteg prd`r t` m`ffelmdlj w`rc. Whe poblldlj nulmtd`l bos`
dlmouges semurdlj `n perfdts blg moebrblmes, bssurdlj bvbdobkdodty `n t``os blg
fbterdbos, blg estdfbtdlj tdfe blg fbterdbo m`sts. Z`rc poblldlj oebgs t`
dlmrebseg enndmdelmy blg ennemtdveless `n the fbdltelblme w`rcn`rme ky
dlmrebsdlj wrelmh tdfe, thus pr`gumdlj kusdless vboue ky o`werdlj m`sts. L`te
thbt l`t boo w`rc sh`uog ke poblleg3 poblldlj fust bgg vboue t` ke ennemtdve.
 Bl exbfpoe `n l`l-poblldlj ds the pregeterfdleg rul-t`-nbdoure `n the bssets.

5.=.2 M`lmepts

5.=.2.2 Yobller
[`oe `n b pobller geterfdles whbt w`rc wdoo ke poblleg blg h`w dt wdoo jet
g`le.

5.=.2.; N`rfbo Z`rc Yoblldlj Yr`mess

Z`rc Yoblldlj Yr`mess revdews boo `rgers l`t dl the kbmco`j. Z`rc ds
teltbtdveoy poblleg dl dlmrebsdlj getbdo bs the gbte bppr`bmhes bs t` whel dt
wdoo jet g`le.

5.=.2.= Z`rc Wype

Geterfdle type `n prbmtdme t` bppoy1 Yoblleg, pregdmtdve, `r rul-t`-nbdoure
prbmtdmes.
 Ybje 2;5
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5.=.2.7 Estdfbtdlj
A`k estdfbtdlj dlmouges kut ds l`t odfdteg t` the n`oo`wdlj1

]ZY/O@W@/H`t Z`rc/M`lndleg ]pbme

]pbre pbrts cdttdlj prepbrbtd`l
Zrelmh tdfe
Moebl up / returl t` servdme
Equdpfelt `perbtd`lbo mhemc prd`r t` returl t` servdme.

5.=.2.5 Fbterdbo [equdrefelt

[es`urme & Fbterdbo requdrefelts sh`uog ke bl `utput `n sm`pdlj g`mufelt.

5.=.2.> M`ltrbmt`r [equdrefelt

M`ltrbmt`r & Dlternbme requdrefelts sh`uog ke bodjleg wdth Yr`murefelt
Yoblldlj.

5.=.2.: Z`rc M`ltelt

A`k pbmcbje m`ltelt wdoo m`lsdst `n renerelme t` sbnety, t``odlj, poblt
m`lgdtd`ls, bly spemdbodzeg obk`r qubodndmbtd`ls
qubodndmb td`ls leegeg t` g` the w`rc, blg
requdreg spbre pbrts.

5.=.2.8 Z`rc ]equelmdlj

Z`rc sequelmdlj (r`utes) ds geterfdleg pr`bmtdveoy, fbppdlj `ut the f`st
enndmdelt r`ute t` g` the w`rc.

5.=.2.4 Oebg Wdfes

Oebg tdfes bssdst dl smheguodlj w`rc wdth pbrts requdrefelts wh`se murrelt
kboblme ds dlsunndmdelt t` pern`rf smheguoeg w`rc. Z`rc @rger stbtus wdoo
renoemt thds dln`rfbtd`l.

5.=.2.29 Oeveo O`bgdlj

Obk`r O`bgdlj `r w`rc melter mbpbmdty leegs t` ke trbmceg. B mertbdl
permeltbje `n m`ltdljelmy fust ke fblbjeg t` bltdmdpbte prd`rdty 2 `r ;
m`rremtdve w`rc, s` there ds oess mhblme `n kem`fdlj b smheguoe krebcer
whel the pobl ds exemuteg usdlj bvbdobkoe mbpbmdty.

5.=.2.22 O``c-Bhebg ]mheguodlj versus Kbmco`j

[ebgy kbmco`j versus l`t-rebgy kbmco`j wdoo m`fpbre w`rc `rgers nboodlj
wdthdl the smheguodlj h`rdz`l m`fpbreg t` th`se `utsdge the smheguodlj

h`rdz`l.
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5.=.2.2; M`fpodblme Yerfdts

Elvdr`lfeltbo, Heboth blg ]bnety [equdrefelts (EH][) (n`r exbfpoe,
perfdts) hbve b fumh f`re rdjdg smheguodlj
smheguodl j bppr`bmh sdlme thedr exemutd`l
ds tdfe selsdtdve.

5.=.; W``os

5.=.;.2 MFF]
M`fputerdzeg Fbdltelblme Fblbjefelt ]ystef (MFF]) ds the t``o n`r Z`rc
@rger fblbjefelt thr`ujh`ut dts odne mymoe.

5.=.;.; Estdfbtdlj Judges

Dlgustry Estdfbtdlj judges n`r fumh obrjer blg m`fpoex a`ks heop dgeltdny
the mrdtdmbo pbth.

5.=.;.= ]bnety
Yerfdts (o`mc-`ut, tbj-`ut, m`lndleg spbme eltry, h`t w`rc) bre esseltdbo dl
k`osterdlj sbnety bs weoo bs m`fpodblme wdth blg bgherelme t` rejuobt`ry
fblgbtes.

5.=.;.7 Yoblldlj & ]mheguodlj ]`ntwbre

Yoblldlj blg smheguodlj s`ntwbre bssdsts dl the enndmdelt exemutd`l `n k`th
poblleg blg ulpoblleg w`rc.

5.=.;.5 Wemhldmbo G`mufeltbtd`l

Wemhldmbo renerelme fblubos (fbmhdldst hblgk``c, BL]D/D]@/B]FE,
@EF/velg`r spemdndmbtd`ls, dlgustry stblgbrgs etm.) mbl suppoefelt cl`wl
temhldques blg mrbnt cl`woegje.

5.=.;.> A`k Yobl Odkrbry

Whe a`k pobl odkrbry ds b jelerdm m`ooemtd`l `n a`k pobls n`r pern`rfdlj w`rc dl
severbo gdsmdpodles. Whe jelerdm pobls mbl ke m`pdeg blg must`fdzeg t` ndt the
pbrtdmuobr tbsc bt hblg.

5.=.= Yr`messes

5.=.=.2 Z`rc Dgeltdndmbtd`l

Mrebte b pr`mess t` dgeltdny whbt w`rc requdres poblldlj `l b gbdoy kbsds

usdlj the w`rc prd`rdtdzbtd`l pr`mess (]ee ]emtd`l 5.; bk`ve.)

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5.=.=.; Z`rc ]m`pdlj G`mufelt

 B pr`megure ds useg t` bssess a`k prd`r t` exemutd`l blg t` nuooy Dgeltdny blg
g`mufelt b a`k pobl pbmcbje m`ltbdldlj boo lemessbry requdrefelts n`r the
exemutd`l `n the w`rc `rger. [equdrefelts w`uog dlmouge sumh thdljs bs
sbnety prembutd`ls, leegeg perfdts, a`k sm`pe, requdreg t``os, grbwdljs,
renerelme dln`rfbtd`l, pbrts, obk`r requdrefelts, blg getbdoeg qubltdndbkoe
w`rc dlstrumtd`ls t` pern`rf the tbsc. Yurp`ses `n the a`k pobl bre t` bv`dg
geobys, uldque blg m`ff`l3 gdremtoy dfpr`ve wrelmh tdfe ky scdooeg
temhldmdbls3 blg n`ster m`lsdstelt stblgbrg w`rc. B a`k pobl pbmcbje sh`uog
ke nuooy g`mufelteg blg pukodsheg wdth boo requdreg pbrts bssefkoeg dlt`
 ‟Cdts‖ where p`ssdkoe3 blg stbjdlj pbrts gby bhebg `n smheguoeg w`rc ken`re
reoebsdlj the w`rc `rger t` the smheguodlj nulmtd`l.

5.=.=.= Gylbfdm A`k Yobl Odkrbry

Mrebte b m`ff`l re`mmurrdlj a`k pobl odkrbry t` st`re boo nuooy g`mufelteg
 a`k pobls n`r nuture use.

5.=.=.7 Yobller—s [`oe 

Yobller r`oe ds t` dfpr`ve w`rc n`rme pr`gumtdvdty blg w`rc qubodty ky
poblldlj blg m``rgdlbtdlj obk`r, pbrts, blg equdpfelt bmmess.

5.=.=.5 Ybrts Usbje

Geveo`p blg dfpoefelt b pr`mess `n retrdevdlj (vdb st`re-r``f gdskursefelt
gds kursefelt
`r `rger dssublme blg remedpt) boo lemessbry pbrts requdreg per the a`k pobl.
 Boo pbrts bre thel m`fkdleg, cdtteg, blg stbjeg dl b meltrbo
meltrbo o`mbtd`l moebroy
dgeltdndeg wdth the w`rc `rger lufker n`r ebsy retrdevbo.

5.=.=.> Yoblldlj & ]mheguodlj

 B pr`mess ds estbkodsheg whereky a`k pobls bre revdeweg n`r m`fpoeteless
m`fpoeteless
blg boo pbrts hbve keel verdndeg t` ke `l hblg prd`r t` reoebsdlj b w`rc `rger
nr`f poblldlj t` the smheguodlj nulmtd`l. Yobller bmmurbmy ds b m`lmerl here.
Gdg the pobller `ver- `r ulger-estdfbte the a`k pobl0 Zbs the estdfbte
wdthdl pous `r fdlus 25 permelt `n the n`r the poblleg estdfbte versus bmtubo
m`st (dlmougdlj pbrts blg obk`r). Dn l`t
l `t thel the pobller sh`uog upgbte the
 a`k pobl ken`re bggdlj dt t` the a`k pobl renerelme odkrbry n`r obter use.
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5.7 ]mheguoe Z`rc

Geveo`p smheguodlj pr`mess, pr`gume w`rc smheguoes, kboblme res`urmes,
f`ldt`r kbmco`j, fblbje krebc-dl w`rc, m``rgdlbte equdpfelt bmmess, etm.

Dfpoefeltdlj b smheguodlj pr`mess thbt dlm`rp`rbtes the poblldlj pr`mess wdoo

elbkoe ennemtdve exemutd`l `n w`rc. M`lsdger the leegs `n poblt jr`ups bs weoo
bs the leegs `n the kusdless dl the smheguodlj pr`mess. Ulgerstblg h`w t`
kboblme boo nbmt`rs blg mrebte b o`jdmbo blg bmhdevbkoe smheguoe. ]ystefs
m`llemteg t` blg supp`rtdlj the smheguodlj pr`mess leeg t` ke weoo
ulgerst``g. Whe smheguodlj nulmtd`l stbrts bnter poblldlj `n w`rc ds m`fpoeteg.
Whe purp`se `n smheguodlj ds t` elsure thbt res`urmes
res` urmes bre bvbdobkoe bt the
spemdndeg tdfe. Boo bmtdvdtdes leeg t` ke smheguoeg dl `rger t` `ptdfdze the
res`urmes dlmougdlj obk`r blg fbterdbo. Z`rc ds smheguoeg bnter m`lndrfbtd`l
thbt boo prerequdsdte w`rc hbs keel m`fpoeteg. M``rgdlbtd`l blg m`ffuldmbtd`l
requdres perd`gdm feetdljs t` revdew poblleg w`rc, pr`gumtd`l requdrefelts,
fbterdbo bvbdobkdodty blg kbmco`j bmtdvdtdes. Whe fbdltelblme pr`nessd`lbo leegs
t` ulgerstblg the mrdtdmbo summess nbmt`rs n`r pr`per w`rc smheguodlj. Ennemtdve
dfpoefeltbtd`l blg exemutd`l `n smheguodlj requdres thbt the pr`mess feets
expemtbtd`ls bmm`rgdlj t` pre-geterfdleg cey pern`rfblme dlgdmbt`rs blg thbt
the w`rc feets `r exmeegs pern`rfblme thresh`ogs.

5.7.2 M`lmepts

5.7.2.2 Z`rc ]mheguodlj

Z`rc smheguodlj reobtes t` wh` wdoo g` the w`rc blg whel the poblleg
bmtdvdtdes bre t` ke mbrrdeg `ut, gepelgdlj `l m`ffdtfelts `n reoevblt
gdsmdpodles

5.7.2.; Kbmco`j Fblbjefelt

Kbmco`j fblbjefelt fbdltbdls the kbmco`j whdmh ds the rep`sdt`ry `n boo
cl`wl w`rc blg sh`uog m`lstdtute the odst `n dgeltdndeg requdrefelts n`r use
`n fbdltelblme res`urmes.

5.7.2.= Fbterdbos Fblbjefelt

Fbterdbos fblbjefelt supp`rts the Z`rc Fblbjefelt Yr`mess wdth leegeg
spbre pbrts dl the rdjht qubltdty bs leegeg t` pern`rf w`rc per the
smheguoe.
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5.7.2.7 Yreveltdve Fbdltelblme

Use pre-geterfdleg fbdltelblme prbmtdmes1 poblleg, pregdmtdve, blg rul-t`-
nbdoure.  
nbdoure.

5.7.2.5 ]hutg`wl, turlbr`ulg blg `utbje (]W@) pobl

]hutg`wl/turlbr`ulg/`utbje pobl n`r equdpfelt wdoo ke gel`teg `l the
Z`rc @rger

5.7.2.> Z`rc Melter ]cdooset

Femhbldm scdoosets/trbdldlj m`fpoeteg t` pern`rf w`rc blg trbdldlj rem`rg
upgbteg.

5.7.; W``os

5.7.;.2 ]mheguoes
Gbdoy, weecoy, f`lthoy smheguoes
Gbdoy f`rldlj feetdljs1 Yobl, G` blg [evdew
Zeecoy poblldlj blg smheguodlj feetdljs
[`oes & [esp`lsdkdodtdes Fbtrdx ([BMD Feth`g)

5.7.;.; Oeveodlj Z`rco`bg

Z`rco`bg kboblmdlj blg oeveo-o`bgdlj h`urs n`r ebmh w`rc melter bre
geveo`peg n`r =9-gby perd`gs, smheguodlj mrdtdmbo equdpfelt blg r`utdle YF
ndrst, n`oo`weg ky r`utdle MF w`rc.

5.7.;.= Fetrdms
Yern`rfblme fetrdms nr`f the prevd`us weec bre revdeweg gurdlj the murrelt
poblldlj blg smheguodlj feetdlj.
5.7.;.7 Yoblldlj & ]mheguodlj ]`ntwbre
Yoblldlj ]`ntwbre (n`r exbfpoe, MFF] s`ntwbre blg Yoblldlj
Yoblld lj & ]mheguodlj
]`ntwbre) bssdsts dl the enndmdelt exemutd`l `n k`th poblleg blg ulpoblleg
w`rc.

5.7.;.5 Dlgustry Estdfbtdlj

Dlgustry estdfbtdlj judges n`r fumh obrjer blg m`fpoex a`ks heops dgeltdny
the mrdtdmbo pbth.
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5.7.;.> ]bnety Z`rc Yerfdts

 Bppodmbkoe perfdts (sumh bs o`mc-`ut, tbj-`ut, m`lndleg spbme eltry, h`t
w`rc) bre esseltdbo n`r the summessnuo exemutd`l `n w`rc.

5.7.;.: Wemhldmbo [enerelmes

Wemhldmbo renerelme fblubos (fbmhdldst hblgk``c, BL]D/D]@/B]FE,
@EF/velg`r spemdndmbtd`ls, Dlgustry stblgbrgs etm.) mbl suppoefelt cl`wl
temhldques blg mrbnt cl`woegje

5.7.;.8 A`k Yobl Odkrbry

A`k pobl odkrbry ds b jelerdm m`ooemtd`l `n a`k pobls n`r pern`rfdlj w`rc dl
severbo gdsmdpodles Whese pobls mbl ke m`pdeg blg must`fdzeg t` ndt the
pbrtdmuobr tbsc bt hblg.

5.7.;.4 Equdpfelt Bvbdobkdodty

Equdpfelt bvbdobkdodty ds kbseg `l poblt `perbtd`lbo smheguoes n`r fba`r
equdpfelt blg sh`uog ke cl`wl yebrs dl bgvblme.

5.7.= Yr`messes

5.7.=.2 A`k Bssessfelt

 Bssess a`k prd`r t` exemutd`l t` nuooy dgeltdny blg g`mufelt b a`k pobl
pobl
pbmcbje, wdth boo lemessbry requdrefelts n`r the exemutd`l `n the w`rc
`rger.

5.7.=.; Yoblldlj [equdrefelts [evdew

[evdew poblldlj requdrefelts t` verdny thbt the a`k dlmouges sbnety
prembutd`ls, perfdttdlj, a`k sm`pe, requdreg t``os, grbwdljs, renerelme
dln`rfbtd`l, pbrts, obk`r requdrefelts, blg temhldmdbl scdoosets requdreg bs
weoo bs getbdoeg qubltdndbkoe w`rc dlstrumtd`ls t` pern`rf the tbsc.

5.7.=.= Z`rc o`bg & Z`rc melter fbtmhdlj

Kboblme equdpfelt bvbdobkdodty wdth res`urmes requdreg t` bmm`fpodsh the
w`rc.

5.7.=.7 Equdpfelt @perbtdlj Yr`ndoe

Cl`woegje `n equdpfelt shutg`wl requdrefelts blg stbrt-up tdfes t` ke
dlm`rp`rbteg dl the smheguoe.
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5.7.=.5 Ybrts bvbdobkdodty

Elsure thbt the Kdoo `n Fbterdbo ds bvbdobkoe n`r pbrts blg m`lsufbkoe
fbterdbos

5.7.=.> @perbtd`ls w`rc smheguoe versus `utbje wdlg`w

@perbtd`ls w`rc smheguoe1 @perbtd`ls sh`uog ke preselt blg see the w`rc
blg bppr`ve dt gurdlj the weecoy smheguodlj feetdlj.
Fbdltelblme Z`rc ]mheguoe1 Where sh`uog ke b smheguodlj h`rdz`l `n up t`
sevel weecs bhebg. Whds smheguoe sh`uog ke revdeweg gurdlj weecoy Y&]
feetdlj. Z`rc `rger stbtuses sh`uog ke upgbteg D bmm`rgblme wdth the
`utm`fe `n the feetdlj.

5.7.=.: Kbmco`j Fblbjefelt [ep`rt

Kbmco`j fblbjefelt rep`rt

5.5 Exemute Z`rc

Fblbje obk`r, fbterdbo, blg servdmes3 m`ltr`o pr`gumtdvdty3 blg elsure EH]
m`fpodblme  
m`fpodblme

Whe feth`gs blg kest prbmtdmes n`r ennemtdve use `n fbdltelblme res`urmes
leeg t` ke moebroy ulgerst``g. Whe scdoos `n the fbdltelblme w`rcn`rme fust ke
everjreel s` they mbl sbtdsny the m`ooemtdve leegs `n the fbdltelblme pobl. Whe
systefs leegeg t` pr`peroy supp`rt the fblbjefelt `n mrdtdmbo res`urmes3 they
sh`uog rebgdoy bvbdobkoe blg weoo ulgerst``g. Whe mrdterdb n`r the bppr`prdbte
use `n the vbrd`us feth`gs `n fbcdlj spbre pbrts bvbdobkoe t` the fbdltelblme
nulmtd`l, bo`lj wdth the kelendts blg the rdscs bss`mdbteg wdth ebmh, leeg t` ke
cl`wl. Feth`gs n`r s`ulg m`st fblbjefelt `n the fbdltelblme nulmtd`l blg
h`w the vboue `n the w`rc pern`rfeg dfpbmts the kusdless ndlblmdbo fetrdms
leegs t` ke th`r`ujhoy ulgerst``g. Heboth, ]bnety blg Elvdr`lfeltbo
judgeodles bre useg t` geveo`p blg dfpoefelt enndmdelt, m`fprehelsdve blg
pr`bmtdve pr`jrbfs t` elsure b sbne blg elvdr`lfeltbooy m`fpodblt w`rc
elvdr`lfelt.

5.5.2 M`lmepts

5.5.2.2 Yr`mess n`r Fblbjdlj [es`urmes

Geveo`p pr`messes n`r fblbjdlj obk`r, fbterdbos, blg servdmes. Whds wdoo ke
bmm`fpodsheg thr`ujh b n`rfbodzeg Z`rc Fblbjefelt Yr`mess
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5.5.2.; Yr`mess n`r M`ltr`oodlj Yr`gumtdvdty

Geveo`p pr`messes n`r m`ltr`oodlj pr`gumtdvdty. Whds wdoo ke bmm`fpodsheg
thr`ujh b n`rfbodzeg Z`rc Fblbjefelt Yr`mess.

5.5.2.= Yr`mess n`r elsurdlj EH] M`fpodblme

Geveo`p pr`messes t` elsure EH] m`fpodblme ky usdlj kusdless-oeveo
kus dless-oeveo
fblbjefelt `n j`verlblme, rdsc fblbjefelt, blg m`fpodblme s`ntwbre t`
rep`rt bmr`ss the elterprdse.

5.5.2.7 ]cdooset Wrbmcdlj

Geveo`p scdooset trbmcdlj dl reobtd`l t` mrbnt—s pr`ndmdelmy oeveo. 
oeveo.  

5.5.; W``os

5.5.;.2 Z`rc @rger Wefpobtes

Z`rc @rger tefpobte ds resdgelt wdthdl the MFF]

5.5.;.; Z`rc Ybmcbje

Z`rc Ybmcbje

5.5.;.= Rubodty Fblbjefelt

RB/RM pobls n`r testdlj

5.5.;.7 ]bnety Z`rc Yerfdt & O`mc`ut/Wbj `ut

 B O`mc `ut/Wbj `ut Yr`jrbf ds esseltdbo n`r the summessnuo exemutd`l `n w`rc,
dn bppodmbkoe.

5.5.;.5 Kdoo `n Fbterdbo

Kdoo `n Fbterdbos (K@F) pr`vdges odle `n sdjht t` m`geg spbre pbrts usbje dl
edther b preveltdve `r m`rremtdve mbpbmdty `l equdpfelt (bssets) odsteg dl the
MFF] bsset rejdstry.

5.5.;.> Equdpfelt Ydmtures

Ydmtures `n equdpfelt dl gdjdtbo n`rfbt bre useg wdth Z`rc @rgers t`
gdbjl`se pr`koefs blg suppoefelt Z`rc @rger lbrrbtdves.

5.5.;.: ]cdoos Bssessfelt & Wrbdldlj

]cdoos bssessfelt & trbdldlj
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5.5.;.8 EH] M`lsdgerbtd`ls

M `lsdgerbtd`ls
EH] pr`megures, dlmougdlj Yr`mess Hbzbrgs Blboysds

5.5.;.4 EBF]/MFF]
EBF]/MFF] bre systef-wdge s`ntwbre t``os supp`rtdlj boo bspemts `n bsset
fblbjefelt.

5.> G`mufelt Z`rc

Mrebte p`st-w`rc g`mufeltbtd`l, rem`rg nbdoures, evelts, etm.

Fbdltelblme pr`nessd`lbos fust gef`lstrbte thedr bkdodty t` mrebte, upgbte blg

fblbje tbscs thbt leeg t` ke g`le, dlmougdlj sbnety prembutd`ls bs weoo bs
estdfbtes `n the tdfe, t``os blg fbterdbos. Dlstrumtd`ls sh`uog ke pr`vdgeg `l
h`w t` mbpture the bs-n`ulg m`lgdtd`l `n the equdpfelt, whdmh m`fp`lelts
nbdoeg, blg steps tbcel t` returl the equdpfelt servdme. Bmmurbte, getbdoeg
g`mufeltbtd`l wdoo pr`vdge dln`rfbtd`l `l res`urme utdodzbtd`l (e.j.,
e.j., scdoosets,
 scdoosets,
t``os, spemdbo equdpfelt, geobys, etm .)
.) bs weoo bs bmtubo m`st `n fbdltelblme.
Whds g`mufeltbtd`l wdoo supp`rt kugjet blg poblldlj
poblld lj enn`rts blg elhblme the
bkdodty t` g`mufelt blg mbtej`rdze trelgs.

Ennemtdve, bmmurbte g`mufeltbtd`l mbl ke b t``o n`r blboyzdlj blgbl g m`fpbrdlj

fbdltelblme bmtdvdtdes (dlmougdlj nbdoure hdst`ry, repbdr m`st, blg pr`gumtd`l
g`wltdfe) s` fbdltelblme mbl ke dfpr`veg. B fbdltelblme pr`nessd`lbo
sh`uog use b M`fputerdzeg Fbdltelblme Fblbjefelt ]ystef (MFF]) bs the
fblbjefelt t``o t` mbpture dln`rfbtd`l, usdlj nbdoure m`ges bnter the
fbdltelblme tbscs bre m`fpoeteg. Yr`per rem`rgdlj `n dln`rfbtd`l bnter the
m`fpoetd`l `n w`rc ds esseltdbo n`r febsurdlj blg m`ffuldmbtdlj fbdltelblme
pern`rfblme, blg t` supp`se blboysds `n equdpfelt nbdoure.
5.>.2 M`lmepts

5.>.2.2 Z`rc @rger ]ystefs

Whe w`rc `rger systef ds the fbdl `utput `n b MFF] blg the fbdl dlput n`r
the w`rc fblbjefelt systef.

5.>.2.; Nbdoure [ep`rtdlj

Nbdoure rep`rtdlj ds esseltdbo n`r pr`per nbdoure f`ges & ennemts blboysds.
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5.>.2.= M`st Yoblldlj

Yoblleg versus bmtubo m`st, fbterdbos, obk`r, servdmes heop dfpr`ve the
estdfbtdlj pr`mess wdth neegkbmc nr`f bmtubos.

5.>.2.7 Equdpfelt M`lgdtd`l ]tbtus

 Bs-n`ulg blg bs-oent m`lgdtd`ls bre useg t` g`mufelt m`lgdtd`l blg obter n`r
tr`ukoesh``tdlj remurrdlj dlstrufeltbtd`l pr`koefs.

5.>.2.5 Febsurdlj Y`dlts

Febsurdlj p`dlts hbve b wdge bppodmbtd`l wdthdl the MFF]. L`tbkoy they bre
useg t` trdjjer feter-kbseg preveltdve fbdltelblme.

5.>.; W``os

5.>.;.2 MFF]/EBF]
MFF] blg elterprdse bsset fblbjefelt (EBF) s`ntwbre bssdst dl boo bspemts
`n bsset fblbjefelt.

5.>.;.; Z`rc @rgers

Z`rc `rgers bre the prdfbry febls t` g`mufelt boo stbjes
s tbjes `n w`rc
fblbjefelt.

5.>.;.= Dlvelt`ry/]t`res
Dlvelt`ry m`ltbdls m`geg blg l`l-m`geg fbterdbo useg dl supp`rt `n
fbdltelblme

5.>.;.7 Kdoo `n Fbterdbo

Kdoo `n fbterdbo (K@F) pr`vdges odle-`n-sdjht t` m`geg spbre pbrts usbje dl
edther b preveltdve `r m`rremtdve mbpbmdty `l equdpfelt (bssets) odsteg dl the
bsset rejdstry.

5.>.;.5 Equdpfelt ]pbre Ybrts

Equdpfelt ]pbre Ybrts bre the m`geg spbre pbrts bodjleg wdth preveltdve
blg m`rremtdve fbdltelblme.

5.>.;.> Nbdoure [ep`rtdlj

Nbdoure rep`rtdlj ds esseltdbo n`r pr`per nbdoure f`ges & ennemts blboysds.
Geveo`p b set `n gbfbje, mbuse, blg refegy m`ges n`r ebmh equdpfelt
type.
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5.>.;.: G`mufelt M`ltr`o

G`mufelt fblbjefelt pr`vdges b mhr`l`o`jdmbo serdes `n mhbljes thbt
extelgs pbst `le bspemt `n bsset fblbjefelt blg elsures t``os sumh bs a`k
pobls blg tbsc odsts refbdl reoevblt whel exemuteg bjbdlst equdpfelt.

5.>.;.8 M`lndjurbtd`l Fblbjefelt

M`lndjurbtd`l fblbjefelt

5.>.= Yr`messes

5.>.=.2 Y`st Z`rc G`mufeltbtd`l

Y`st-w`rc g`mufeltbtd`l dlmouges rebs`l n`r repbdr, the m`rremtdve bmtd`ls
tbcel, blg nbdoures l`teg dl pr`mess `r equdpfelt. Getbdoeg g`mufeltbtd`l
ky the femhbldm ds mrdtdmbo n`r wbrrblty mobdfs, trbdldlj geveo`pfelt, revdew
`n equdpfelt pern`rfblme (retr`ndt mhbljes), repobmefelt austdndmbtd`l,
g`mufelteg repbdrs n`r @]HB, etm.

5.>.=.; Z`rc Fblbjefelt

Z`rc fblbjefelt `rjbldzes w`rc dl bl `rger bmm`rgdlj t` gue gbtes blg
prd`rdty.

5.>.=.= Fbdltbdl Hdst`ry

Whe hdst`ry ds useg n`r odne-mymoe-m`stdlj, returl-`l-dlvestfelt mbomuobtd`ls,
pbret` blboysds, pr`aemt fblbjefelt `nndme (YF@) pr`mess, blg bos`
verdnydlj the o`mc-`ut blg tbj-`ut (O@W@) pr`mess, l`tdlj bly gdsmrepblmdes.
[epobmefelt bsset vboue ([B^) ds useg n`r repbdr `r repobme gemdsd`l fbcdlj.
Whe permelt [B^ (%[B^) mbomuobtd`l use b vboue `n bk`ut ;9 permelt bs the
thresh`og bf`ult t` repobme. 
repobme.  

5.: Blboyze Z`rc blg N`oo`w-Up

M`fpbre bmtubo w`rc wdth pobl, dgeltdny vbrdblmes, etm.

Whe fbdltelblme pr`nessd`lbo sh`uog ke bkoe t` blboyze w`rc, m`fpbrdlj the

bmtubo w`rc wdth the pobl set n`rth n`r the dgeltdndeg fbdltelblme tbscs.
G`mufeltbtd`l `n w`rc boo`ws n`r bgaustfelts t` dfpr`ve the bmmurbmy `n the
 a`k pobl dl sumh brebs bs the estdfbteg a`k gurbtd`l, fbterdbos blg t``os
requdreg, etm. Bnter m`fpoetd`l, the w`rc `rger sh`uog ke blboyzeg blg
m`fpbreg wdth the equdpfelt hdst`ry blg t` kelmhfbrc gbtb. Fbdltelblme
m`sts sh`uog ke revdeweg, blg dfpr`vefelts fbge t` the w`rc pr`mess.
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Whe resuots m`uog ke useg bs dlputs t` pr`jrbfs sumh bs Nbdoure F`ge Ennemt
 Blboysds (NFEB), [eodbkdodty Meltereg Fbdltelblme ([MF), blg [``t Mbuse
Nbdoure Blboysds ([MNB), whdmh wdoo bssdst dl mhbljdlj fbdltelblme a`k pobls
blg dfpr`vdlj reodbkdodty.

5.:.2 M`lmepts

5.:.2.2 Z`rc Blboysds

Geveo`p w`rc blboysds t` mbtej`rdze w`rc `rgers ky w`rc type

5.:.2.; N`oo`w-Up [evdew

Geveo`p w`rc n`oo`w-up pr`mess t` ke revdeweg ky the nbmdodty w`rc
fblbjefelt tebf.

5.:.2.= Blboyze Yern`rfblme

 Blboyze pern`rfblme usdlj bjreeg-up`l cey pern`rfblme dlgdmbt`rs
febsurdlj the ennemtdveless `n the w`rc fblbjefelt pr`mess.

5.:.2.7 Jbp Blboysds

Geveo`p pobl t` mo`se jbps whdmh fby requdre trbdldlj n`r k`th the
pobller/smheguoer blg mrbnts pern`rfdlj the w`rc.

5.:.; W``os

5.:.;.2 Z`rc @rger

 B w`rc `rger ds the prdfbry febls t` g`mufelt boo stbjes `n w`rc
w`rc
fblbjefelt.

5.:.;.; Equdpfelt Hdst`ry

Whe equdpfelt hdst`ry ds useg t` heop geterfdle g`fdlblt nbdoure f`ges blg
equdpfelt m`lgdtd`l.

5.:.;.= Kelmhfbrceg Gbtb

Kelmhfbrceg gbtb ds useg t` dgeltdny jbps dl the pr`mess.

5.:.;.7 Fbdltelblme M`st Gbtb

Fbdltelblme m`st gbtb ds useg t` geterfdle %[B^, repbdr `r repobme
gemdsd`ls.
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5.:.;.5 Nbdoure F`ge Ennemts Blboysds (NFEB)

Nbdoure f`ges ennemts blboysds ds b systefbtdm febls t` bggress rdsc ky
prd`rdtdzdlj rdscs, bggressdlj rdscs `l mrdtdmbo equdpfelt.

5.:.;.> [eodbkdodty Meltereg Fbdltelblme ([MF)

[eodbkdodty meltereg fbdltelblme ([MF) ds b t``o t` strebfodle fbdltelblme.

5.:.;.: [``t Mbuse Nbdoure Blboysds ([MNB)

[``t mbuse nbdoure blboysds ([MNB) ds kbseg `l the the`ry `n dn y`u ref`ve
the mbuse `n b mertbdl nbdoure, y`u eodfdlbte thbt pbrtdmuobr nbdoure. [MNB
sh`uog ke pern`rfeg bnter sdjldndmblt nbdoure `l mrdtdmbo equdpfelt.

5.:.;.8 Febl Wdfe t` [epbdr (FWW[)

Febl tdfe t` repbdr (FWW[) mbl ke m`lsdgereg b pern`rfblme dlgdmbt`r
hdjhodjhtdlj repbdr enndmdelmy. Whds temhldque mbl sheg odjht `l dlenndmdelt
wrelmh tdfe `r dlm`rremt spbre pbrts pr`murefelt.

5.:.;.4 Febl Wdfe Ketweel Nbdoure (FWKN)

Febl tdfe ketweel nbdoure (FWKN) ds b gdremt m`fpbrds`l t` the nbdoure rbte.
FWKN mbl bos` ke m`lsdgereg b pern`rfblme dlgdmbt`r sujjestdlj b odlc
ketweel equdpfelt bmhdevdlj dts dlherelt gesdjl reodbkdodty blg the m`rremt
tdfdlj blg type `n preveltdve fbdltelblme.

5.:.= Yr`messes

5.:.=.2 M`fpbrds`l `n Z`rc @rger blg Hdst`ry

M`fpbre w`rc `rger blg hdst`ry.

5.:.=.; M`fpbrds`l `n Kelmhfbrc blg M`st Gbtb t` Z`rc @rger

M`fpbre kelmhfbrc blg m`st gbtb t` w`rc `rger.

5.:.=.= Blboyze Gbtb t` Dgeltdny ^brdblmes

 Blboyze gbtb t` dgeltdny vbrdblmes.

5.:.=.7 Mhblje A`k Yobls W` Eodfdlbte

E odfdlbte ^brdblmes
Mhblje a`k pobls t` eodfdlbte vbrdblmes, dlmougdlj the Kdoo `n Fbterdbos (K@F)

5.:.=.5 Yreveltdve Fbdltelblme @ptdfdzbtd`l

Yreveltdve fbdltelblme `ptdfdzbtd`l.
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5.:.=.> [evdew Hdst`ry blg [es`urme [equdrefelts

[evdew hdst`ry blg res`urme requdrefelts. Hdst`rdmbo systef revdew
geterfdles hdst`rdmbo res`urme requdrefelts (obk`r, fbterdbos, m`ltrbmt`rs,
etm .)
.) whel b a`k pobl g`esl—t exdst n`r the tbsc3 `r b revdew `n the a`k pobl
mbl dgeltdny requdreg res`urmes.

5.:.=.: O`lj-oebg Fbdltelblme

F bdltelblme [equdrefelts
Dgeltdny o`lj-oebg fbdltelblme requdrefelts, sumh bs pbrts, perfdts,
m`ltrbmt`rs etm .

5.8 Febsure Z`rc Fblbjefelt Yern`rfblme

Estbkodsh pern`rfblme dlgdmbt`rs, rep`rt smheguoe m`fpodblme blg rew`rc, etm .

 Bl ulgerstblgdlj `n fbdltelblme pern`rfblme fetrdms blg thedr bppodmbtd`l

leegs t` ke gef`lstrbteg. Whe bkdodty t` dgeltdny blg use m`fpoefeltbry
fetrdms, t` jdve b weoo-r`ulgeg bssessfelt `n pern`rfblme blg t` supp`rt the
leegs `n the kusdless, sh`uog ke evdgelt. Dt ds dfp`rtblt t` dgeltdny blg
febsure pern`rfblme t` geterfdle the murrelt stbte `n the fbdltelblme
nulmtd`l, t` rem`jldze the jbps bjbdlst expemtbtd`ls `r estbkodsheg kelmhfbrc
dln`rfbtd`l, blg t` geveo`p b pr`mess bnnemtdlj the lemessbry mhbljes.

Whe cey prdlmdpoe `n pern`rfblme fblbjefelt ds t` elsure febsurefelts bre

fbge `n thdljs thbt sh`uog ke fblbjeg. Bppr`prdbte blg bmhdevbkoe fetrdms
sh`uog ke seoemteg bmr`ss boo w`rc fblbjefelt nulmtd`ls t` supp`rt the leegs
`n the kusdless blg oebg the w`rcn`rme t` hdjher oeveos `n pern`rfblme.
Yern`rfblme febsures fby dlmouge fetrdms n`r febsurdlj the ennemtdveless `n
poblldlj, smheguodlj blg exemutd`l bo`lj wdth reodbkdodty blg pr`gumtd`l
febsures. ]`fe `n the fetrdms thbt mbl ke useg bre permeltbje `n poblleg
w`rc, smheguoe m`fpodblme, permeltbje `n rew`rc, etm.

5.8.2 M`lmept

5.8.2.2 Yern`rfblme Febsurefelt blg Fblbjefelt

5.8.2.; Rubodty Fblbjefelt

5.8.2.= Oebgdlj vs. Objjdlj fetrdms `r dlgdmbt`rs

5.8.2.7 Z`rc Fblbjefelt Yr`mess Ennemtdveless

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5.8.; W``os

5.8.;.2 Z`rc Fblbjefelt Fetrdms

5.8.;.; MFF]

5.8.;.= Gbshk`brgs

5.8.;.7 [ep`rts
CYD ]m`rembrg

5.8.;.5 ]tbtus [evdew Feetdljs

5.8.;.> Z`rc Fblbjefelt Yr`mess (ZFY) Jbp Blboysds

Z`rc fblbjefelt pr`mess jbp blboysds (ZFY JB) ds b perpetudty t``o t`
geterfdle h`w weoo the `perbtd`ls blg fbdltelblme (@&F) stbnn ds bgherdlj
t` the w`rc fblbjefelt pr`mess.

5.8.= Yr`messes

5.8.=.2 Yern`rfblme Febsurefelt blg Fblbjefelt

5.8.=.; Estbkodsheg Kdbllubo/Bllubo Z`rc Fblbjefelt Yr`mess

Y r`mess
 Bssessfelt

5.8.=.= M`ffuldmbtd`ls wdth Oebgershdp `l [evdseg Yrd`rdtdes

5.8.=.7 M`ltdlu`us Dfpr`vefelt

 Bl `lj`dlj evboubtd`l pr`jrbf thbt dlmouges m`lstbltoy o``cdlj n`r the ‟odttoe
thdljs‖ thbt mbl fbce b m`fpbly f`re m`fpetdtdve. Dt—s b febsure `n boo
w`rc thbt dlmrebses `r dfpr`ves the murrelt `perbtdlj perdfeters. (Fetrdms)
 Ybje 279
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5.4 Yobl blg Exemute Yr`aemts

Gendle sm`pe, estdfbte pr`aemt blg odne mymoe m`st, bppoy mrdtdmbo pbth feth`gs,
trbmc pr`jress, m``rgdlbte stbnndlj, etm .

Whe fbdltelblme pr`nessd`lbo ulgerstblgs boo `n the steps requdreg t` pobl blg
dfpoefelt b mbpdtbo pr`aemt. Yr`aemt fblbjefelt ds gendleg dl the YF K@C >th
Egdtd`l bs the gdsmdpodle `n dldtdbtdlj, poblldlj,
pobll dlj, exemutdlj, f`ldt`rdlj blg
m`ltr`oodlj, blg mo`sdlj the w`rc `n b tebf t` bmhdeve spemdndm j`bos blg feet
spemdndm summess mrdterdb.

Ebmh step leegs t` ke cl`wl blg ulgerst``g. Whe bkdodty t` use dlputs, t``os
blg temhldques, blg `utputs mrdtdmbo t` the summess `n the pr`aemt-poblldlj
pr`mess leegs t` ke evdgelt. Whe pr`aemt sm`pe, tdfe-t`-exemute blg m`st
sh`uog ke gendleg, m`lsdgerdlj the fbterdbos, poblt m`lndjurbtd`l, spbre pbrts
(lew blg `ks`oete), fblp`wer blg ndlblmdbo requdrefelts. Bl blboysds `n the
vbrd`us bmtdvdtdes requdreg n`r pr`aemt exemutd`l fust ke fbge t` dgeltdny b
pr`per pr`aemt tebf blg gendle the resp`lsdkdodtdes n`r ebmh dlgdvdgubo tebf
fefker. Whe exemutd`l `n the pr`aemt sh`uog elbkoe m`fpoetd`l `n the pr`aemt
`l tdfe blg wdth`ut rew`rc `r nbuots. Yr`aemt exemutd`l sh`uog ke m`ltdlu`usoy
f`ldt`reg blg rep`rteg. Bly gevdbtd`ls t` the pobl fust ke m`ffuldmbteg t`
fbce bgaustfelts t` the pr`aemt gesdjl, sm`pe blg res`urmes. B fbdltelblme
pr`nessd`lbo sh`uog ke bkoe t` use odne-mymoe m`st blboysds (t`tbo m`st n`r gesdjl,
pr`murefelt, geodvery, wbreh`usdlj, dlstboobtd`l, stbrt-up, m`ffdssd`ldlj,
`perbtd`l, fbdltelblme blg gem`ffdssd`ldlj) n`r mbpdtbo pr`aemts t` bmhdeve
the f`st ennemtdve bppr`bmh n`r oebst m`st `n `wlershdp `n bl bsset.

5.4.2 M`lmepts

5.4.2.2 Yr`aemt Yhbses blg Odne Mymoes

5.4.2.; Yr`aemt Webf

5.4.2.= Odne-mymoe M`sts

W`tbo m`st n`r gesdjl, pr`murefelt, geodvery, wbreh`usdlj, dlstboobtd`l, stbrt-
up, m`ffdssd`ldlj, `perbtd`l, fbdltelblme blg gem`ffdssd`ldlj

5.4.2.7 M`ltrbmt Fblbjefelt

5.4.; W``os
 Ybje 272
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5.4.;.2 Estdfbtdlj A`k Ybmcbjeg blg M`sts

5.4.;.; YE[W Gdbjrbfs blg Mrdtdmbo Ybth Feth`g`o`jy, MYF

5.4.;.= [dsc Blboysds

5.4.;.7 Fetrdms n`r Yr`aemt Fblbjefelt

5.4.;.5 Yr`aemt Fblbjefelt W``os ( e.j. Yrdfbverb `r F] pr`aemt)

5.4.= Yr`messes

5.4.=.2 Yr`aemt Austdndmbtd`l nr`f Kusdless Uldt [equestdlj Yr`aemt

Yr`aemt austdndmbtd`l nr`f kusdless uldt requestdlj pr`aemt.

5.4.=.; Geterfdle [equdrefelts1 ]m`pe, ]tbceh`ogers,

M`ffuldmbtd`l Yobl, Westdlj
Geterfdle requdrefelts1 ]m`pe, stbceh`ogers, m`ffuldmbtd`l pobl, testdlj.

5.4.=.= Yr`aemt ]mheguodlj Blg Estdfbtd`l @n Obk`r Blg Fbterdbo

Yr`aemt smheguodlj blg estdfbtd`l `n obk`r blg fbterdbo.

5.4.=.7 Geveo`p @perbtd`lbo blg M`ltr`o Yr`megures

Geveo`p `perbtd`lbo blg m`ltr`o pr`megures.

5.4.=.5 Z`rc ]upervdsd`l

5.4.=.> M`ltrbmt`r ]eoemtd`l blg Fblbjefelt

M`ltrbmt`r seoemtd`l blg fblbjefelt, blg pr`aemt pr`murefelt
fblbjefelt tbces dlt` bmm`ult m`ltrbmt`r seoemtd`l, kdg pr`mess, etm .

5.4.=.: Fblbje ]ystef Dln`rfbtd`l blg G`mufeltbtd`l

5.4.=.8 Fblbje [ep`rts blg Fetrdms

5.4.=.4 [dsc Fblbjefelt

5.4.=.29 M`ffdssd`ldlj

5.4.=.22 Yr`aemt Mo`se`ut Yr`mess

 Ybje 27;
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5.29 Use Dln`rfbtd`l Wemhl`o`jdes ennemtdveoy

Oeverbje mbpbkdodtdes `n gbtb hdst`rdbl, pr`mess m`ltr`o systefs, m`lgdtd`l
f`ldt`rdlj s`ntwbre, EBF/MFF], etm .

5.29.2 M`lmept

5.29.2.2 Geveo`p bl Dln`rfbtd`l Fblbjefelt Yr`mess

Geveo`p bl dln`rfbtd`l fblbjefelt pr`mess.

5.29.2.; Bppoy Wemhl`o`jy n`r G`mufeltbtd`l Wrblsner blg [em`rg

Ceepdlj
 Bppoy temhl`o`jy n`r g`mufelt trblsner blg rem`rg ceepdlj `n mrdtdmbo
pr`mess blg `perbtd`lbo vbrdbkoes.

5.29.2.= Bppoy Kbsdm Nulmtd`ls `n b MFF] `r EBF

 Bppoy kbsdm nulmtd`ls `n b MFF] `r EBF.

5.29.2.7 Bppoy Yreveltdve blg Yregdmtdve Fbdltelblme Dln`rfbtd`l

Wemhl`o`jy W``os
 Bppoy preveltdve blg pregdmtdve fbdltelblme dln`rfbtd`l temhl`o`jy t``os.

5.29.2.5 Dltejrbte Yr`mess/Equdpfelt F`ldt`rdlj Mbpbkdodtdes

Dltejrbte pr`mess `r equdpfelt f`ldt`rdlj mbpbkdodtdes, usdlj ]MBGB ]ystef
blg MFF] `r EBF.

5.29.; W``os

5.29.;.2 MFF]/EBF

5.29.;.; G`mufelt M`ltr`o ]`ntwbre/G`mufelt Fblbjefelt

]`ntwbre

5.29.;.= MBG ]`ntwbre

5.29.;.7 Yr`aemt Fblbjefelt ]`ntwbre

5.29.;.5 HFD ]`ntwbre

5.29.;.> G`mufelt Fblbjefelt ]`ntwbre

 Ybje 27=
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5.29.;.: ]MBGB
]upervds`ry M`ltr`o blg Gbtb Bmqudsdtd`l (]MBGB)

5.29.= Yr`messes

5.29.=.2 ]eoemt Bppr`prdbte Oeveo `n Gbtb

5.29.=.; Equdpfelt Hdst`ry/Kdoo `n Fbterdbo (K@F)

Equdpfelt Hdst`ry ds useg t` heop geterfdle g`fdlblt nbdoure f`ges blg
equdpfelt m`lgdtd`l.

Kdoo `n Fbterdbos (K@F) pr`vdges odle `n sdjht t` m`geg spbre pbrts usbje dl
edther b preveltdve `r m`rremtdve mbpbmdty `l equdpfelt (bssets) odsteg dl the
MFF] bsset rejdstry.

5.29.=.= Z`rc @rger M`ltr`o ]ystef

5.29.=.7 Yoblldlj & ]mheguodlj Z`rc

5.29.=.5 Equdpfelt Hdst`ry [em`rgs

5.29.=.> Yr`mess ]bnety Fblbjefelt [em`rgs

5.29.=.: Dlternbme t` @ther ]ystefs

Dlternbme t` `ther systefs odce bmm`ultdlj, pers`lleo, s`urmdlj

5.29.=.8 [ep`rtdlj Mbpbkdodtdes

M bpbkdodtdes
M`lvertdlj gbtb t` dln`rfbtd`l

5.29.=.4 Mbodkrbtd`l [em`rgs

5.29.=.29 Yr`mess blg @perbtd`lbo ^brdbkoe [em`rgs blg Hdst`rdbl

5.29.=.22 Getemtdve Fbdltelblme n`r Dlstrufeltbtd`l, YOM blg

]MBGB ]ystefs

5.29.=.2; Z`rc Fblbjefelt Fetrdm

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5.22 Fblbje res`urmes blg fbterdbos

M`ltr`o fbterdbos dlvelt`ry, fblbje spbres blg equdpfelt, estbkodsh F[@
pr`murefelt pr`mess, fblbje m`ltrbmt`rs, etm.

Whe ennemtdve fblbjefelt `n dlvelt`ry (spbre pbrts, t``os, etm.) n`r

fbdltelblme bmtdvdtdes ds mrdtdmbo t` the w`rc fblbjefelt pr`mess. Zhel the
pr`murefelt pr`mess ds pern`rfeg ky bl`ther `rjbldzbtd`l, the fbdltelblme
pr`nessd`lbo leegs t` supp`rt thbt pr`mess, elsurdlj thbt whbt ds purmhbseg
feets the `verboo kusdless leegs `n the `rjbldzbtd`l (d.e. m`st versus
reodbkdodty). Zhel the dlvelt`ry fblbjefelt systef thbt ds useg t` fblbje
spbre pbrts blg fbterdbos ds l`t b nulmtd`l `n the MFF], the fbdltelblme
pr`nessd`lbo sh`uog elsure thbt the feth`gs blg s`ntwbre nuooy supp`rt the
j`bos `n the fbdltelblme nulmtd`l. Whe pr`mess sh`uog pr`vdge b nrbfew`rc `n
whbt t` kuy, whel t` kuy, wh` t` kuy nr`f, whbt t` ceep dl st`mc
s t`mc blg whbt
dlvelt`ry sh`uog ke eodfdlbteg. Whds nrbfew`rc wdoo pr`vdge ennemtdve m`ltr`o
`n st`rer``fs blg dlvelt`ry reobteg m`sts whdoe fbdltbdldlj bl expemteg oeveo
`n servdme. Whe pr`mess gepelgs `l bmmurbte g`mufeltbtd`l `n equdpfelt
m`fp`lelts blg pbrts dl the MFF] bo`lj wdth rem`rgdlj dln`rfbtd`l bnter
m`fpoetd`l `n fbdltelblme bmtdvdtdes. Whds g`mufeltbtd`l wdoo elbkoe settdlj
up st`mcdlj pbrbfeters blg prd`rdtdzdlj dlvelt`ry t` supp`rt w`rc poblldlj
blg smheguodlj pr`messes. Bos`, dl bggdtd`l t` fbterdbos blg spbres, m`ltrbmt
res`urmes sh`uog ke g`mufelteg s` they mbl ke requesteg, poblleg blg
smheguoeg n`r w`rc.

 B fbdltelblme pr`nessd`lbo sh`uog geveo`p febsurefelts t` jbuje

pern`rfblme (e.j. st`mc `uts, exmess dlvelt`ry, `ks`oete dlvelt`ry, etm.) n`r
dlvelt`ry blg res`urmes. Yr`per fblbjefelt `n spbres, t``os blgbl g res`urmes
wdoo nbmdodtbte m`ltdlu`us dfpr`vefelt `n m`st, w`rcn`rme pr`gumtdvdty blg
pr`mess bvbdobkdodty.

5.22.2 M`lmepts

5.22.2.2 Fbterdbos/[es`urme Gefblg N`rembstdlj

5.22.2.; Kdoos `n Fbterdbos

5.22.2.= Equdpfelt ]pbre Ybrts/Zhere Useg/Rubltdtdes

5.22.2.7 Mrdtdmbo Equdpfelt

 Ybje 275
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Equdpfelt thbt hbs keel evboubteg blg mobssdndeg bs mrdtdmbo gue t` dts
p`teltdbo dfpbmt `l sbnety, elvdr`lfelt, qubodty, pr`gumtd`l blg m`st.
(Fetrdm)

5.22.2.5 Mrdtdmbo ]pbre Ybrts

5.22.2.> Dlvelt`ry fblbjefelt

5.22.2.: Odne Mymoe Bssessfelt

Odne-mymoe m`stdlj, fbterdbos blg res`urme fblbjefelt strbtejdes, blg febl
tdfe t` repbdr.

5.22.2.8 ]t`rer``f/Dlvelt`ry Fblbjefelt

5.22.2.4 ]pbre Ybrts Fblbjefelt F`geos

5.22.2.29 Yerdshbkoes `r ]heon Odne (Mure Gbtes)

5.22.2.22 Yr`murefelt Yr`mess

5.22.2.2; Dlvelt`ry Yr`mess

5.22.; W``os

5.22.;.2 MFF]
 B M`fputerdzeg Fbdltelblme Fblbjefelt ]ystef (MFF]) ds m`fputer
s`ntwbre gesdjleg t` sdfpodny fbdltelblme fblbjefelt.

5.22.;.; Dlvelt`ry turls

5.22.;.= But`fbtdm [epoeldshfelt

5.22.;.7 BKM Blboysds

5.22.;.5 ]pbre Ybrts Mrdtdmbodty Blboysds

5.22.;.> Gefblg N`rembst Blboysds

5.22.;.: Fbterdbo [equdrefelts Yoblldlj

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5.22.;.8 Oebg tdfe

5.22.;.4 Mymoe M`ult

5.22.;.29 Em`l`fdm @rger Rubltdty

5.22.;.22 ]tblgbrgdzbtd`l

5.22.;.2; Ybrts Cdttdlj

5.22.;.2= ]t`rer``f Cey Yern`rfblme Dlgdmbt`rs

5.22.;.27 ]uppoder ]eoemtd`l Mrdterdb

5.22.;.25 Fblunbmturdlj [es`urme Yoblldlj (F[Y)

5.22.= Yr`messes

5.22.=.2 Dlvelt`ry M`ltr`o

Dlvelt`ry M`ltr`o ds fblbjefelt `n spbre pbrts, t``os, blg `ther fbterdbos
dlmougdlj the reservbtd`l `n fbterdbos.

5.22.=.; Odne Mymoe M`stdlj

5.22.=.= ]pbre Ybrts Cdttdlj N`r Yoblleg A`ks

5.22.=.7 ]pbre Ybrts Austdndmbtd`l

5.22.=.5 Blboyze M`st

5.22.=.> @ptdfdze ]t`mc Bvbdobkdodty blg M`st

5.22.=.: ]pbre Ybrts Rubodty Bssurblme

5.22.=.8 Dlvelt`ry ^boubtd`l

5.22.=.4 Dlvelt`ry Mbrrydlj M`sts

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Ydoobr 5 Fetrdms Bppelgdx

W` bmmess blg g`wlo`bg the ]F[Y Kest Yrbmtdmes > th Egdtd`l, poebse j` t`
www.sfrp.`rj.
www.sfrp.`rj. 

Fetrdm 5.2.2 M`rremtdve Fbdltelblme M`st

Fetrdm 5.2.; M`rremtdve Fbdltelblme H`urs
Fetrdm 5.2.= Yreveltdve Fbdltelblme (YF)
Fetrdm 5.2.7 Yreveltdve Fbdltelblme (YF) H`urs
Fetrdm 5.2.5 M`lgdtd`l Kbseg Fbdltelblme M`st
Fetrdm 5.2.> M`lgdtd`l Kbseg Fbdltelblme H`urs
Fetrdm 5.2.4 Fbdltelblme ]hutg`wl M`st
Fetrdm 5.=.2 Yoblleg Z`rc
Fetrdm 5.=.; Ulpoblleg Z`rc
Fetrdm 5.=.= Bmtubo M`st t` Yoblldlj Estdfbte
Fetrdm 5.=.7 Bmtubo H`urs t` Yoblldlj Estdfbte
Fetrdm 5.=.5 Yoblldlj ^brdblme Dlgex
Fetrdm 5.=.> Yobller Yr`gumtdvdty
Fetrdm 5.7.2 [ebmtdve Z`rc
Fetrdm 5.7.; Yr`bmtdve Z`rc
Fetrdm 5.7.= ]mheguoe M`fpodblme ”
M`fpodblme ” H`urs
 H`urs
Fetrdm 5.7.7 ]mheguoe M`fpodblme ”
M`fpodblme ” Z`rc
 Z`rc @rgers
Fetrdm 5.7.> Z`rc @rger Bjdlj
Fetrdm 5.7.: Z`rc @rger Mymoe Wdfe
Fetrdm 5.7.8 Yoblleg Kbmco`j
Fetrdm 5.7.4 [ebgy Kbmco`j
Fetrdm 5.7.29 Yreveltdve Fbdltelblme (YF) & Yregdmtdve Fbdltelblme (YgF)
Z`rc @rger M`fpodblme
Fetrdm 5.7.22 Yreveltdve Fbdltelblme (YF) & Yregdmtdve Fbdltelblme (YgF)
Z`rc @rgers @vergue
Fetrdm 5.7.2; Yreveltdve Fbdltelblme (YF) & Yregdmtdve Fbdltelblme (YgF)
 Tdeog
Fetrdm 5.7.2= Yreveltdve Fbdltelblme (YF) & Yregdmtdve Fbdltelblme (YgF)
Ennemtdveless
Fetrdm 5.7.27 Yreveltdve Fbdltelblme (YF) & Yregdmtdve Fbdltelblme (YgF)
M`fpodblme
Fetrdm 5.5.2 Mrbnt Z`rcer t` ]upervds`r [btd`
Fetrdm 5.5.; Mrbnt Z`rcer t` Yobller [btd`
Fetrdm 5.5.= Gdremt t` Dlgdremt Fbdltelblme Yers`lleo [btd`
Fetrdm 5.5.7 Dlgdremt Fbdltelblme Yers`lleo M`st
 Ybje 278
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Fetrdm 5.5.5 Dlterlbo Fbdltelblme Efpo`yee M`st

Fetrdm 5.5.> Mrbnt Z`rcer `l ]hdnt [btd`
Fetrdm 5.5.: @vertdfe Fbdltelblme M`st
Fetrdm 5.5.8 @vertdfe Fbdltelblme H`urs
Fetrdm 5.5.=2 ]t`res Dlvelt`ry Wurls
Fetrdm 5.5.=; ^elg`r Fblbjeg Dlvelt`ry
Fetrdm 5.5.== ]t`mc @uts
Fetrdm 5.5.=7 Dlbmtdve ]t`mc
Fetrdm 5.5.=5 ]t`rer``f Wrblsbmtd`ls
Fetrdm 5.5.=> ]t`rer``f [em`rgs
Fetrdm 5.5.=8 Fbdltelblme Fbterdbo M`st
Fetrdm 5.5.:2 M`ltrbmt`r M`st
Fetrdm 5.5.:; M`ltrbmt`r H`urs
Fetrdm 5.>.2 Zrelmh Wdfe
Fetrdm 5.:.2 M`ltdlu`us Dfpr`vefelt H`urs