CH13 क्षितौ राजते भारतस्वर्णभूमिः

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=k;ksn'k% ikB%

f{krkS jktrs HkkjrLo.kZHkwfe%


¹izLrqr ikB~;ka'k MkW- Ñ".kpUnz f=kikBh }kjk jfpr gS]a ftles Hkkjr osQ xkSjo dk
xq.kxku gSA blesa ns'k dh [kk|kUu lEiUurk] dykuqjkx] izkfof/d izoh.krk] ou ,oa
lkefjd 'kfDr dh eguh;rk dks n'kkZ;k x;k gSA izkphu ijEijk] laLÑfr] vk/qfud
felkby {kerk ,oa ijek.kq 'kfDr lEiUurk osQ xhr }kjk dfo us ns'k dh lkeF;Z'kfDr
dk o.kZu fd;k gSA Nk=k laLÑr osQ bu 'yksdksa dk lLoj xk;u djsa rFkk ns'k osQ
xkSjo dks eglwl djs]a blh mís'; ls bUgsa ;gk¡ ladfyr fd;k x;k gSAº
lqi.w kZa lnSokfLr [kk|kUuHkk.Ma
unhuka tya ;=k ih;w"krqY;e~A
b;a Lo.kZon~ Hkkfr 'kL;S/jZ ;s a
f{krkS jktrs HkkjrLo.kZHkwfe% AA1AA

f=k'kwykfXuukxS% i`fFkO;L=k?kksj%S
v.kwuka egk'kfDrfHk% iwfjrs;e~A
lnk jk"Vªj{kkjrkuka /js;e~
f{krkS jktrs HkkjrLo.kZHkwfe% AA2AA

b;a ohjHkksX;k rFkk deZlOs ;k


txn~oUnuh;k p Hkw% nsoxs;kA
lnk ioZ.kkeqRlokuka /js;a
f{krkS jktrs HkkjrLo.kZHkwfe% AA3AA

2021–22
b;a Kkfuuka pSo oSKkfudkuka
foif'pTtukukfe;a laLÑrkuke~A
cgwuka erkuka tukuka /js;a
f{krkS jktrs HkkjrLo.kZHkwfe% AA4AA

b;a f'kfYiuka ;U=kfo|k/jk.kka


fHk"kD'kkfL=k.kka Hkw% izcU/s ;qrkuke~A
uVkuka uVhuka dohuka /js;a
f{krkS jktrS HkkjrLo.kZHkwfe% AA5AA

ous fnXxtkuka rFkk osQljh.kka


rVhukfe;a orZrs Hkw/jk.kke~A
f'k[khuka 'kqdkuka fidkuka /js;a
f{krkS jktrs HkkjrLo.kZHkwfe% AA6AA

'kCnkFkkZ%

ih;w"krqY;e~ & ve`r leku


Hkkfr & lq'kksfHkr gksrh gS
'kL;S% & iQlyksa ls
/js;e~ & /jk $ b;e~ ¾ ;g i`Foh
f{krkS & f{kfr (i`Foh) ij
f=k'kwykfXuukxS% i`fFkO;L=k?kksj%S & f=k'kwy] vfXu] ukx rFkk i`Foh &
pkj felkbyksa (vL=kks)a osQ uke

f{krkS jktrs
HkkjrLo.kZHkwfe% 95

2021–22
esfnuh &
i`Foh
ioZ.kkeqRlokuke~ &
ioZ vkSj mRloksa dh
foif'pTtukuke~ &
fo}Ttuksa dh
;U=kfo|k/jk.kke~ &
;U=kfo|k dks tkuus okyksa dh
fHk"kd~ &
oS|] fpfdRld
izcU/s ;qrkuke~ &
^izcU/d* leqnk; izcU/ dk;ksaZ esa
yxs gq,
uV] uVh & vfHkusrk] vfHkus=kh
osQljh.kke~ ¹osQ'k$fj$Mh (vkS.kkfn)º& flagksa dh
rVhuke~ & ufn;ksa dh
Hkw/jk.kke~ & ioZrksa dk
fidkuke~ & dks;ykas dk
f'k[khuke~ & eksjksa dh

vH;kl%
1- iz'ukuke~ mÙkjkf.k ,dinsu fy[krµ
(d) b;a /jk oSQ% Lo.kZon~ Hkkfr\
([k) HkkjrLo.kZHkwfe% oqQ=k jktrs\
(x) b;a osQ"kka egk'kfDrfHk% iwfjrk\
(?k) b;a Hkw% dfLeu~ ;qrkuke~ vfLr\
(Ä) v=k foaQ lnSo lqi.w kZefLr\
#fpjk
96 r`rh;ks Hkkx%

2021–22
2- lekukFkZdinkfu ikBkr~ fpRok fy[krµ
(d) i`fFkO;ke~ ----------------------------(f{krkS@ioZr"s kq@f=kyksD;ke~)
([k) lq'kksHkrs ---------------------------- (fy[krs@Hkkfr@ficfr)
(x) cqf¼erke~ ---------------------------- (ioZ.kke~@mRlokuke~@foif'pTtukuke~)
(?k) e;wjk.kke~ ----------------------------(f'k[khuke~@'kqdkuke~@fidkuke~)
(Ä) vusoQs "kke~ ----------------------------(tukuke~@oSKkfudkuke~@cgwuke~)
3- 'yksdka'kesyua ÑRok fy[krµ
(d) f=k'kwykfXuukxS% i`fFkO;kL=k?kksj%S unhuka tya ;=k ih;w"krqY;e~
([k) lnk ioZ.kkeqRlokuka /js;e~ txn~oUnuh;k p Hkw%nsoxs;k
(x) ous fnXxtkuka rFkk osQljh.kke~ f{krkS jktrs HkkjrLo.kZHkwfe%
(?k) lqi.w kZ lnSokfLr [kk|kUuHkk.Me~ v.kwuka egk'kfDrfHk% iwfjrs;e~
(Ä) b;a ohjHkksX;k rFkk deZlOs ;k rVhukfe;a orZrs Hkw/jk.kke~
4- fp=ka n`"V~ok (ikBkr~) mi;qDrinkfu x`ghRok okD;iwfrZ oqQ#rµ

(d)vfLeu~ fp=ks ,dk ---------------------------------------------------------- ogfrA


([k) unh ---------------------------------------------------------- fu%ljfrA

f{krkS jktrs
HkkjrLo.kZHkwfe% 97

2021–22
(x) u|k% tya ---------------------------------------------------------- HkofrA
(?k) ---------------------------------------------------------- 'kL;lspua HkofrA
(Ä) Hkkjr% ---------------------------------------------------------- Hkwfe% vfLrA

5- fp=kkf.k n`"V~ok (e×tw"kkr%) mi;qDrinkfu x`ghRok okD;iwfrZa oqQ#rµ

vL=kk.kke~] Hkofr] vL=kkf.k] lSfudk%] iz;ksx%] mixzgk.kka

(d) vfLeu~ fp=ks -------------------------------------------------n`';UrsA


([k) ,rs"kke~ vL=kk.kka -------------------------------------------------------- ;q¼s HkofrA
(x) Hkkjr% ,rkn`'kkuka -------------------------------------------iz;ksx.s k fodflrns'k% eU;rsA
(?k) v=k ijek.kq'kfDriz;ksx% vfi ---------------------------------------------A
(Ä) vk/qfuoSQ% vL=kS% --------------------------------------------- vLeku~ 'k=kqH;% j{kfUrA
(p) ---------------------------------------------------------- lgk;r;k cgwfu dk;kZf.k HkofUrA

#fpjk
98 r`rh;ks Hkkx%

2021–22
6- (v) fp=ka n`"V~ok laLÑrs i×pokD;kfu fy[krµ

(d) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
([k) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(x) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(?k) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(Ä) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(vk) fp=ka n`"V~ok laLÑrs i×pokD;kfu fy[krµ

f{krkS jktrs
HkkjrLo.kZHkwfe% 99

2021–22
(d) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
([k) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(x) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(?k) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(Ä) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

7- v=k fp=ka n`"V~ok laLÑrHkk"k;k i×pokD;s"kq izÑrs% o.kZua oqQ#rµ


(d) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
([k) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(x) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(?k) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(Ä) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

#fpjk
100 r`rh;ks Hkkx%

2021–22
;ksX;rk&foLrkj%
izkphu dky esa Hkkjr dks lksus dh fpfM+;k dgk tkrk Fkk] blh Hkko dks xzg.k dj
dfo us izLrqr ikB esa HkkjrHkwfe dh iz'kalk djrs gq, dgk gS fd vkt Hkh ;g
Hkwfe fo'o esa Lo.kZHkwfe cudj gh lq'kksfHkr gks jgh gSA
dfo dgrs gSa fd vkt ge fodflr ns'kksa dh ijEijk esa vxzx.; gksdj
felkbyksa dk fuekZ.k dj jgs gS]a ijek.kq 'kfDr dk iz;ksx dj jgs gSAa blh osQ lkFk
gh lkFk ge ^mRlofiz;k% [kyq ekuok%* uked mfDr dks pfjrkFkZ Hkh dj jgs gSa
fd ^vusdrk esa ,drk gS fgan dh fo'ks"krk* blh vk/kj ij dfo osQ mn~xkj gSa
fd cgqr erkoyfEc;ksa osQ Hkkjr esa gksus ij Hkh ;gk¡ Kkfu;ks]a oSKkfudksa vkSj fo}kuksa
dh dksbZ deh ugha gSA bl /jk us lEiw.kZ fo'o dks f'kYidkj] bathfu;j] fpfdRld]
izc/ a d] vfHkusrk] vfHkus=kh vkSj dfo iznku fd, gSAa bldh izkÑfrd lq"kek vn~Hkqr
gSA bl rjg bu i|ksa esa dfo us Hkkjr osQ lokZf/d egÙo dks mtkxj djus dk
iz;kl fd;k gSA
ikB esa ioksaZ vkSj mRloksa dh ppkZ dh xbZ gS ;s lekukFkZd gksrs gq, Hkh fHkUu
gSAa ioZ ,d fuf'pr frfFk ij gh euk, tkrs gS]a tSl&s gksyh] nhikoyh] Lora=krk
fnol] x.kra=k fnol bR;kfnA ijUrq mRlo O;fDr fo'ks"k osQ mn~xkj ,oa vkÈkn osQ
|ksrd gSAa fdlh osQ ?kj larkuksRifÙk mRlo dk :i xzg.k dj ysrh gS rks fdlh
dks lsokdk;Z esa izkUs ufr izkIr dj ysuk] ;gk¡ rd fd fcNqMs+ gq, ca/&q cka/oksa ls
vpkud feyuk Hkh fdlh mRlo ls de ugha gksrk gSA

f{krkS jktrs
HkkjrLo.kZHkwfe% 101

2021–22

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