11.15. SECURITY SCREENING EQUIPMENT 11.16.2.

System description
Provisions in terms of power and data outlets will be provided for security screening equipment The system will be designed to provide early detection and accurate localization of zones and
to allow smooth installation of security screening equipment in the future, if required. points of fire origin. The system will be of the addressable type, microprocessor based, audibly
and visually supervised, with detection and alert devices distributed where dictated by codes.

The system will include automatic and manual detection devices as well as interfaces with other
related systems like firefighting, HVAC, Public address, security systems, BMS, elevator control,
11.16. FIRE DETECTION AND ALARM SYSTEM etc. as shown in figure below. Control and monitoring interface modules will be located as close
as possible to the relevant equipment.

11.16.1. Introduction
An Intelligent fire detection and alarm system will be designed to provide early detection and
notification for any fire threat affecting the facility. The fire detection and alarm system involves the
early detection of fire as well as notification of life safety threats to people within the facility. The
system design will comply with the Saudi Building Code, the National Fire Protection Association
(NFPA), the local fire codes and civil defense requirements.

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Occupants’ notification shall be by the means of audible and visible devices. Auditable notification
will be through public address system throughout the complex and horn strobe devices within
11.16.3. System Main Components and Design
core and shell areas. Visible notification through strobe light units will be Criteria
The main fire alarm control panel will be located in the fire command center. Each attraction box
will be provided by FACP connected to the complex network and each retail and F&B area will be 11.16.3.1. Main Fire Alarm Control Panel (MFACP) and Fire Alarm
provided with zone module.
Control Panels (FACP)

The FACP shall contain the following minimum characteristics:

• Microprocessor based central processing unit (CPU)
• Fire alarm loops cards providing Class A circuits as defined per NFPA for initiating-devices,
signaling-line circuits and notification-appliance circuits.
• Alphanumeric, backlit, liquid crystal display (LCD)
• System alarm, supervisory and trouble led indicators
• System alarm silence button
• System reset button
• Backup batteries
• BMS interface module (BACNET or Modbus)
• System supervision functionality, allowing to automatically detect and report open circuit,
short circuit, and ground fault of wiring for initiating device, signaling line, and notifica-
tion-appliance circuits.
• Remote Smoke-Detector Sensitivity Adjustment for individual detectors.
• Signal prioritization, where a signal of lower priority would not disrupt the operation of a
higher priority signal (e.g. fault signal is of lower priority to alarm signal).
• A minimum of 20% spare capacity for future needs.

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11.16.3.2. Criteria for Detectors Selection & Coverage 11.16.3.3. Notification of Alarm Condition

Fire detectors are designed to respond at an early stage to one of the four major characteristics When a fire alarm is detected. Notification will be based on a positive alarm sequence and signals
of combustion: heat, smoke, flame or gas. Since no single type of detector is suitable for all types that are audible above the ambient noise level. The means for alarm notification shall include but
of premises or fires, detectors will be chosen for the best response to the effects of fires, as well are not limited to the following:
as minimizing unwanted false alarm activations.
• Public Address System
Moreover, initiating devices shall not be limited to automatic detectors, but shall also include • Horns/Bells
manual stations that are used by people in case of fire and monitor modules that receive fire • Strobe Lights
alarm signals from other systems, and relay them to the FACP.

Refer to the table below for general recommendations of the type of initiating devices and their
respective locations.
Initiation Devices
Optical Smoke detectors
Fixed Temperature Heat detectors
Rate of Rise Heat detectors
Combined smoke and heat/Multi-criteria
detectors
a. Audible Notification
Audible occupant notification will be by means of audible alarm signal using bells and horns,
initiated automatically or by the person in the command center. The audible signal shall be a least
Location 10 dB and 15dB above the background noise level respectively for private mode and public mode
audible notification.
Corridors, lobbies, electrical room, telecom rooms, offices, conference
rooms, stores, etc.
b. Visual Notification
Fire pump room, generator room, and pantry
Occupant notification will also be by means of visible signals, initiated automatically or by the
Waste rooms, garbage room, smoking areas, elevator shafts, etc. person in the control room in the Civil Defense building. Visual strobe lights shall generally be
provided in circulation areas and in noisy environments.
Mechanical rooms, Pump rooms

Above Ceiling optical detectors Above Ceiling areas

Motorized Projected Beam Smoke Detectors Double height areas, Large Open areas
11.16.3.4. Positive alarm sequence
Flame Detectors Rooms with flammable materials for (e.g. fuel tank room)

Linear Heat Detectors (LHD) MV Cable Trays and trenches

Manual stations
Monitor modules (to monitor fire signal)
Monitor modules (to monitor trouble signal)
Fire exits, near staircases entrances, building exits, within 61m from all
building areas.
Firefighting panels, sprinkler flow switches, etc.…
Valve tamper switch, Firefighting panels, etc.
Notification will be based on a positive alarm sequence and signals that are audible above the
ambient noise level.
As defined in NFPA 72, a positive alarm sequence is an automatic sequence that results in an
alarm signal, even when manually delayed for investigation, unless the system is reset.
The positive alarm sequence operation will comply with the following:

Detector coverage shall include, as dictated by code, all rooms, corridors, spaces above
suspended ceilings, and other subdivisions and accessible spaces.
• To initiate the positive alarm sequence operation, the signal from an automatic fire detec-
tion device selected for positive alarm sequence operation will be acknowledged at the fire
alarm control unit by trained personnel within 15 seconds of annunciation.
• If the signal is not acknowledged within 15 seconds, notification signals in accordance
with the building evacuation or relocation plan and remote signals will be automatically and
immediately activated.
• If the positive alarm sequence operation is initiated, trained personnel will have an alarm in-
vestigation phase of up to 180 seconds to evaluate the fire condition and reset the system.

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 • If the system is not reset during the alarm investigation phase, notification signals in accor-
dance with the building evacuation or relocation plan and remote signals will be automati-
11.17. PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEM
cally and immediately activated.
• If a second automatic fire detector selected for positive alarm sequence is actuated during
the alarm investigation phase, notification signals in accordance with the building evacua-
11.17.1. System Description
tion or relocation plan and remote signals will be automatically and immediately activated.
• If any other fire alarm initiating device is actuated, notification signals in accordance with The PAS will be a modern, state of the art, network based digital system that utilizes up to date
the building evacuation or relocation plan and remote signals will be automatically and audio protocols. Particular attention will always be paid to the speech intelligibility performance
immediately activated. of the PAS. The PAS shall be capable of routing any audio input to any audio output, site wide,
over the converged network. Moreover, The PAS shall be freely programmable from any location
via a PC using a dedicated system configurator. This will allow the system to be expanded readily
11.16.3.5. Fire Alarm Graphic Workstation (GUI) in the future. The system will provide “zoned” and “all call” paging as required. The facility shall be
divided into zones based on spaces function allowing zoned paging for each area.
The graphic workstation shall provide easily recognizable site and floor plans information to
simplify the fire detection and alarm system operation and to direct the operator to the immediate The PAS shall provide intelligible and natural sounding announcement. System shall manage and
areas of threats. broadcast messages according to a pre-assigned priority order. In essence this shall be:
• Background music
The Graphic Fire Workstation located in the fire command center shall have the following features
as a minimum: • Live announcements
• Live emergency announcements
• Hierarchical view of different buildings.
• Automatic pre-recorded emergency announcements
• Importing of drawing files.
• Live routine announcements
• Extensive historical logging.
• Pre-recorded routine announcements
• Multiple operator levels with password.
• Call to Prayer
11.16.3.6. System Interfaces:

The fire detection and alarm system will be interfaced to the following systems:
11.17.2. System Components
• Security systems
• HVAC system a. Digital Signal Processing (DSP)
• Elevator controls The primary processing of information will be conducted within DSP equipment housed in the
• BMS System ICT cabinets within the Telecom Rooms. The DSP shall undertake all signal routing, system
health monitoring and audio processing. The DSP will also include inputs that allows the system
• Lighting Controls to provide announcements, such as DVD player, tuner, IPTV set top box, and microphones. The
• Fire Fighting system DSP will have the following features as a minimum:
• Gaseous suppression systems, where applicable • “Watchdog” routines deployed such that a general PAS fault is reported if a processor fails
• Motorized smoke dampers, exhaust fans & jet fans, where applicable to execute any software program.
• Electromagnetic door locks/holders etc. • The execution, logging and reporting of all PAS monitoring including itself.
• Audio visual system, where applicable • Shall be networked using cat6a cables and shall receive and accurately distribute uncom-
pressed audio.

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