AARAV KAPOOR VII-E

THE SCIENCE MAGAZINE

SPINNAKER
SCIENTISTS CREATE
MINI-SUPERNOVA
SHOCK WAVES ON
     
EARTH
SpiNNaker (Spiking RESEARCHERS HAVE CREATED A MINIATURE VERSION OF SUPERNOVA SHOCK WAVES IN A LAB
HERE ON EARTH TO SOLVE A LONG-STANDING COSMIC MYSTERY.
Neural Network
WHEN STARS DIE AND EXPLODE IN SUPERNOVAS, THEY CREATE SHOCK WAVES THAT EMANATE
Architecture) is ACROSS THE SURROUNDING PLASMA. THESE POWERFUL SHOCK WAVES BLAST OUT COSMIC RAYS,
a massively OR HIGHLY ENERGETIC PARTICLES, OUT INTO THE UNIVERSE. THE WAVES ACT ALMOST LIKE
PARTICLE ACCELERATORS, PUSHING THESE PARTICLES OUT SO FAST THAT THEY APPROACH THE
parallel, manycore SPEED OF LIGHT. HOWEVER, SCIENTISTS HAVE YET TO FULLY UNDERSTAND EXACTLY HOW AND
WHY THE SHOCK WAVES ACCELERATE THESE PARTICLES.
supercomputer
"THESE ARE FASCINATING SYSTEMS, BUT BECAUSE THEY ARE SO FAR AWAY IT'S HARD TO STUDY
architecture designed THEM," FREDERICO FIUZA, A SENIOR STAFF SCIENTIST AT THE DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY'S SLAC
by the Advanced NATIONAL ACCELERATOR LABORATORY, WHO LED THE NEW STUDY, SAID IN A STATEMENT.
Processor
Technologies
Research Group  at
the Department of
Computer Science,
University of
Manchester. It is
composed of
57,600 ARM9 A NEW INK DISCOVERED BY SCIENTISTS
processors   each with An ink is discovered by the
18 cores and 128 MB Important facts about new ink
Council of Scientific and
of mobile DDR Industrial Research and The ink consists of single excitable dual
emissive luminescent pigment.
SDRAM, totalling
National Physical Laboratory to The development of the ink is based on the
1,036,800 cores and concept of fluorescence and
combat the problem of fake phosphorescence phenomena.
over 7 TB of RAM. The
printing of passports and The developed ink has features of changing
computing platform is the colour of pigment after the notes are
based on spiking counterfeiting of currency printed.
The ink shows white colour in ambient light.
neural networks, notes. Let us tell you that it has
It turns into a red colour when it is exposed
useful in simulating a new security feature that will to UV light and when UV source is switched
off it turns into a green colour.
the human brain . protect against duplicity.
 Secretagogin Protein Potential Diarrhoea
vaccine ETVAX developed

The role of Secretagogin Protein is demonstrated

by the scientists at the Hyderabad based Council
of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)- Centre
for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CCMB). Let us
tell you that the role of Secretagogin protein is
increasing in insulin action in obesity-induced
diabetes. The process that regulates insulin
synthesis, secretion, signaling and maturation in
diabetes was not completely understood by
scientists.
Important points about Secretagogin protein
The encoded protein is a secreted calcium-
binding protein that is found in the cytoplasm.
Various types of cellular stresses may result in loss
of structure and function of insulin which may
lead to diabetes.
SCGN binds to insulin and protects from several
stresses, increases its stability as well as adds to its
action.
Diarrhoea vaccine named 'ETVAX'
developed by the researchers of the
University of Gothenburg in Sweden.
Let us tell you that in the clinical trial
at an early-stage in Bangladesh, this
vaccine has been proved safe and
effective.
Important points about ETVAX
ETVAX consists of inactivated E. coli bacteria having high
levels of protective antigens and also ETEC-based B
subunit protein LCTBA.
The vaccine has been proved safe against enterotoxigenic
E.coli diarrhoea in children from the half year (6 months)
to 5 years.

Exotic, fifth state of matter created on the space station

Scientists have generated an exotic form of matter in the unique

microgravity environment aboard the International Space Station and are
using it to explore the quantum world, a new study finds.There are four
states of matter common in everyday life — gases, liquids, solids, and
plasmas. However, there is also a fifth state of matter — Bose-Einstein
condensates (BECs), which scientists first created in the lab 25 years ago.
When a group of atoms is cooled to near absolute zero, the atoms begin to
clump together, behaving as if they were one big "super-atom."
 Discovery of Paper Sensor

For testing the freshness of Important points about Paper Sensor

milk, the scientists of an
Indian Institute of
Technology, Guwahati have
developed a simple paper
kit. It also tells about the
pasteurisation that whether
it is done well or not.
Aided with a smartphone app, the kit will ensure that milk
is consumed before it turns too sour.
An indicator of milk quality is a milk enzyme namely
Alkaline Phosphate or ALP, its presence even after
pasteurisation indicates the presence of microbes that
may not have been rendered inactive with pasteurisation.
It not only detects the presence of ALP but also the
amount of it in milk.

Hyperloop Technology

Hyperloop has a 'tube modular transport

system' that will run free of friction. Or
we can say it is a new form of ground
transport. It is a new method with which
people or objects can be moved rapidly
and safely with efficiency anywhere in
the world. It will also have minimal
impact on the environment.Hyperloop
technology is the brainchild of Tesla
founder Elon Musk, who showed its
original design in a whitepaper in 2013. If
this hyperloop system is successful in
India, then probably the distance (1200
km) between Delhi and Mumbai can be
covered in less than an hour.
Important points about Hyperloop
Technology
Less polluting than air travel.
It is also quick and cheaper to build than
traditional high-speed rail.
Hyperloop will be used to take pressure off
gridlocked roads that make travel between
cities easier and potentially unlock the major
economic benefits.
India will get benefit from this technology.
According to the proposals and feasibility,
hyperloops are likely to start in five regions of
India namely Delhi-Mumbai, Bengaluru-
Thiruvananthapuram, Chennai-Bangalore,
Mumbai-Chennai and a port also.
 Did You Know?
There is enough DNA in the average person’s body to
stretch from the sun to Pluto and back — 17 times
The average human body carries ten times more bacterial
cells than human cells
There are 8 times as many atoms in a teaspoonful of water
as there are teaspoonfuls of water in the Atlantic ocean
In an entire lifetime, the average person walks the
equivalent of five times around the world
Octopuses have three hearts, nine brains, and blue blood

Read the Magazine?
Now Solve the Puzzle!

Across
2. developed a paper Kit for testing milk.
4. is the vaccine developed for Diarrhoea .
6. had the first Idea for Hyperloop.
Down
1. is the Supercomputer almost identical to the
Human Brain.
3. The Fifth state of Matter developed in Space.
5. developed a new Ink preventing duplicity.