BẢNG PHIÊN ÂM QUỐC TẾ

1. The symbols vowel sounds (Cá c kí hiệu phiên â m củ a cá c nguyên â m):

1.1. The symbols of pure vowel sounds (Cá c kí hiệu phiên â m củ a cá c nguyên â m đơn):
Symbols In
of the letters Examples in words
sounds (Chữ cá i (Ví dụ cụ thể trên cá c từ )
(Kí hiệu thể
cá c â m) hiện)
/І/ a village /’vIlIdʒ/ package assemblage

/’pækIdʒ/ /ә’semblIdʒ/

e pretty /’prItI/ represent deliver /di’livә(r)/

i sit /sIt/ little /’lItl/ simple /’sImpl/

y happy /’hæpI/ easy /’i:zI/ usually /’ju:ʊlI/
/ i: / ea lead /li:d/ seaside /’si:saId/ meaningful /’mi:nIŋfʊl/
ee meet /mi:t/ sheep /ʃi:p/ steel /sti:l/
a many /’menI/ any/’enI/ manifold /’menIfәʊld/
/e/ e send /send/ recommend comprehend
/rIkɔ’mend /kәmprI’hend/

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 ea head /hed/ spread /spred/ headache /‘hedeIk/
/æ/ a land /lænd/ brandy /’brændI/ sandy /’sændI/
/ɔ/ o pot /pɔt / spot /spɔt / slot /slɔt /
a wash /wɔʃ / what /wɔt / watch /wɔtʃ/
a talk /tɔ:k/ walk /wɔ:k/ water /’wɔ:tә(r)/
aw saw /sɔ:/ lawn /lɔ:n/ pawn /pɔ:n/
/ ɔ: / oa broad /brɔ:d/ broaden/’brɔ:dn/ abroad /ә’brɔ:d/
oo door /dɔ:(r)/ floor /flɔ:(r)/ floorage /’flɔ:rIdʒ/
or fork /fɔ:k/ sport /spɔ:t/ transport /’trænspɔ:t/
ou fought /fɔ:t/ thought /θɔ:t/ bought /bɔ:t/
o some /sLm/ come /kLm/ done /dLn/

/L/ u shut /ʃLt/ muddy /’mLdI/ budget /’bLdʒIt/

oo blood /blLd/ flood /flLd/ bloodless /blLdlIs/

ou tough /tLf/ enough /I’nLf/ rough /rLf/

a task /ta:sk/ fast /fa:stk/ broadcast /br ɔ:d’ka:st/

/ ɑ: /
ar card /ka:d/ retard /r ’ta:d/
I farther /’fa:dә
ear heart /ha:t/ hearten /’ha:tәn/ hearth /ha:θ/
/ʊ/ u p u ll /pʊl/ push /pʊʃ/ pu llet /’pʊle
o o o
or oo g o d /gʊd/ c o k /kʊk/ l o k /lʊk/
/u/ ou could /kʊld/ would /wʊld/ should /ʃʊld/
u frugal /’fru:gәl/ conclude illusion /I’lu:ʃ
/ u: / /kɔn’klu:d/
oe shoe /ʃu: / shoebill /’ʃu:bIl/ shoemaker /’ʃu:meIkәr/

oo moon /mu:n/ spoon /spu:n/ smooth /smu:θ/

ui fruit /fru:t/ cruise /kru:s/ recruit /rI’kru:t/

a await /ә’weIt/ about /ә’baut/ machine /mә’ʃi:n/

/ә/ o tonight /tә’naIt/ potato /pә’teItәu/ tomorrow /tә’mɔrәʊ/

er reader /’ri:dәr/ writer /’raItәr/ cruiser /’kru:sәr/

or actor /’æktәr/ doctor /’dɔktәr/ translator /’trænsleItәr/
er prefer merchant merciful /’mз:sIfʊl/

/ з: / /prI’fз: r/ /’mз:tʃәnt/
ir shirt /ʃз:t/ skirt /skз:t/ first /fз:st/
 ur hurt /hз:t/ further /’ʃз:dә/ furnish /’ʃз:nIʃ/
or word /wз:d/ work /wз:k/ worm /wз:m/
ear heard /hз:d/ earth /з:θ/ earthen /’з:θәn/

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1. 2. The diphthongs and triphthongs (Cá c kí hiệu phiên â m củ a cá c nguyên đô i, ba):
Symbols In
of the letters Examples in words
sounds (Chữ cá i (Ví dụ cụ thể trên cá c từ )
(Kí hiệu thể
cá c â m) hiện)
a case /keIs/ baby /’beIbI/ lazy /’leIzI/
/ eI / ai maid /meId/ maiden /’meIdn/ maidenly /’meIdnlI/
ay say /seI/ clay /kleI/ play /pleI/
ei eight /eIt/ eighthly /’eIθlI/ eiranic /eI’rænIk/
/ aI / i kite /kaIt/ night /naIt/ mine /maIn/
y sky /skaI/ fly /flaI/ satisfy /’sætIsfaI/
/ ɔI / oi soil /sɔIl/ coin /kɔIn/ spoil /spɔIl/
oy employ /Im’plɔI/ enjoy /In’dʒɔI/ employment
/Im’plɔImnt/
/ aʊ / ou mouse /maʊs/ mouth /maʊθ/ surround /sз:’raʊnd/
ow now /naʊ/ power /’paʊ әr/ cowboy /’kaʊ bɔI/
o cold /kәʊld/ scold /skәʊld/ fold /fәʊld/
/ әʊ / ow slow /slәʊ/ flow /flәʊ/ show /ʃәʊ/
ew sew /sәʊ/ sewing /’sәʊIŋ/ sewn /sәʊn/
/ Iә / ear hear /hIә(r)/ fear /fIә(r)/ near /nIә(r)/
ere here /hIә(r)/ merely /’mIәlI/ atmosphere
/’ætmɔsfIә(r)/
ere there /deә(r)/ therapy thereabout
/ eә / /’θeәrәpI/ /’deәrәbaʊt/
are fare /feә(r)/ share /ʃeә(r)/ stare /steә(r)/
air hair /heә(r)/ fair /feә(r)/ stairs /steә(r)s/
/ ʊә / our tour /tʊә(r)/ tourer /tʊәrә/ tourism /’tʊәrIzm/
ire tire /taIә/ fire /faIә/ firemen /’faIәmen/
/ aIә / yre tyre /taIә/ tyreles /’taIәlIs/ tyre-pump
/’taIә pLmp /
yer buyer /baIә/ flyer /flaIә/ buyer /baIә/
/ әʊә / ower slower /slәʊә/ slower /slәʊә/ slower /slәʊә/
/ aʊә / ower shower /ʃaʊә/ power /paʊә/ flower /flaʊә/
our flour /flaʊә/ sour /saʊә/ flour /flaʊә/
/ eIә / ayer prayer /preIә/ player /pleIә/ sprayer /spreIә/
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 eyer greyer /’greIә/ greyer /’greIә/ greyer /’greIә/
/ ɔIә / oyer enjoyer /In’dʒɔIә/ enjoyer /In’dʒɔIә/ employer /Im’plɔIә/
oyal loyal /’lɔIәl/ loyalty /’lɔIәltI/ loyal /’lɔIәl/

2. The symbols of the consonant sounds (Cá c kí hiệu phiên â m củ a cá c phụ â m):
2.1. The symbols of voiceless consonants (Kí hiệu phiên â m củ a cá c phụ â m vô thanh):
Symbols In
of the letters Examples in words
sounds (Chữ cá i (Ví dụ cụ thể trên các từ )
(Kí hiệu thể
cá c â m) hiện)
/p/ p pen /pen/ paint /peInt/ people /’pi:pәl/

f five /faIv/ formal /’fɔ:mәl/ family /’fæmIlI/

/f/ ph physics /’fIz Iks/ physician /fI’zIkʃn/ physical /fI’zIkәl/

gh laugh /la:f/ enough /I’nLf/ rough /rLf/

/q/ th throw /θrәʊ/ thunder /’θLndә(r)/ sixth /sIksθ/

/t/ t teach /ti:tʃ/ temple /’tempәl/ tittle /’taItәl/

ed looked /lʊkt/ laughed /la:ft/ stopped /stɔpt/
/s/ s site /saIt/ sandy /’sændI/ sample /’sæmpәl/
c centre /’sentә/ century /’sentʃʊrI/ cell /sel/
sh sheep /ʃi:p/ sheet /ʃi:t/ English /’IŋlIʃ/
/ʃ/ ch machine chaise /ʃeIz/ champagne /ʃæm’peIn/

/mә’ʃi:n/
s sugar /’ʃʊgә/ sugary /’ʃʊgәr I/ sure /’ʃʊә(r)/
/ t∫ / ch choice /tʃɔIs/ church /tʃз:tʃ/ chimney /’tʃImnI/
t fixture /'fIkst∫ә/ future / 'fju:t∫ә/ question / 'kwest∫n/
/k/ k kitchen/’kItʃn/ kiss /kIs/ king /kIŋ/
c concert cancel /’kænsәl/ comedy /’kLmedI/

/kɔn’sз:t/
ch chemist chemistry chemical /’kemIkәl/

/’kemIst/ /’kemIstrI/
q quite /kwaIt/ question / 'kwest∫n/ conquest /’kɔŋkwest/
/h/ h hike /haIk/ hunger /’hLŋgә(r)/ homeless /’hәʊmlIs/
wh whoop /hu:p/ whose /hu:z/ wholesale /’hɔʊlseIl/
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2.2. The symbols of voiced consonants (Kí hiệu phiên â m củ a cá c phụ â m hữ u thanh):
Symbols In
Examples in
of the letters words
sounds (Chữ cá i (Ví dụ cụ thể trên các từ )
(Kí hiệu thể
cá c â m) hiện)
/b/ b boy /bɔI/ bamboo /bæm’bu:/ band /bænd/

/v/ v visit /’vIzIt/ van /væn/ victory /’vIktәrI/

f of /әv/ of /әv/ of /әv/

/d/ th them /dәm/ with /wId/ though /dәʊ/

/d/ d done /dLn/ doctor /’dɔktә(r)/ dancer /’dænsә(r)/

ed lived /’lIvd/ earned /з:nd/ cancelled /’kænsәld/

/z/ z zebra /’zi:brә/ zip /zIp/ zealot /’zelәt/

s visit /’vIzIt/ visual /’vIzjʊәl/ teachers /ti:tʃәz/

/ʒ/ s vision /’vIʒn/ usual /’jʊʒʊәl/ usually /’jʊʒʊәlI/

/ dʒ / g germ /dʒз:m/ gene /dʒi:n/ age /eIdʒ/

j jam /dʒæm/ jam /dʒæz/ joyful /dʒɔIfʊl/

/g/ g gift /gIft/ gain /geIn/ girl /gз:l/

/l/ l little /’lItәl/ lamp /læmp/ light /laIt/

/m/ m monk /mɔŋk/ mammal /’mæmәl/ Monday /’mLndeI/

/n/ n name /neIm/ number /nLmbә/ noise /nɔIs/

/ŋ/ n think /θIŋk/ thank /θæŋk/ sink /sIŋk/

ng sing /sIŋ/ thing /θIŋ/ ceiling /’si:lIŋ/

/r/ r rural /’rʊәrәl/ ring /rIŋ/ reader /’ri:dә/

/w/ w with /wId/ wine /waIn/ wing /wIŋ/

wh when /wen/ whistle /’wIsәl/ whisper /’wIspә/
/j/ y young /jLŋ/ yearly /’jIәlI/ youth /ju:θ/
u music /’mju:sIk/ unit /’ju:nIt/ university
 /ju:nI’v з:sItI/
/ф/ h honest /’ɔ:nIst/ hour /aʊә/ heir /aIә/
mute k knight /naIt/ knit /nIt/ known /nɔʊn/
cases b comb /kɔʊm/ climb /klaIm/ debt /det/
p pneumonia psychology psychiatrist
/njʊ’mɔ:nIә/ /saI’kɔ:lɔdʒI/ /saI’kIәtrIst/

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2.3. The clusters of consonants (Kí hiệu phiên â m củ a cá c chù m phụ â m):
Symbols In
of the letters Examples in words
sounds (Chữ cá i (Ví dụ cụ thể trên cá c từ )
(Kí hiệu thể
cá c â m) hiện)
/ sp / speak /spi:k/ spoil /spɔIl/ speaker /’spi:kә/
/ st / start /sta:t/ stand /stænd/ stay /steI/
/ sk / school /skʊl/ skill /skIl/ scan /skæn/
/ s+ / / sf / sphere /sfIә/ spheral /sfIәrәl/ biosphere /baIә’sfIә/
/ sm / small /smɔl/ smash /smæʃ/ smell /smel/
/ sn / snow /snәʊ/ sneeze /sni:z/ sneaky /’sni:kI/
/ sw / sweet /swi:t/ swim /swIm/ swan /swɔn/
/ sj / super /sjʊpә/ superadd superably
/’sjʊpәræd/ /’sjʊpәreIblI/
/ pl / plump /plLmp/ apply /ә’plaI/ please /pli:s/
/ p+ / / pr / proud /praʊd/ propose /’prɔpәʊs/ produce /prә’djʊs/
/ pj / pure /pjʊә/ purely /’pjʊәlI/ purify /’pjʊrәfaI/
/ tr / train /treIn/ treat /tri:t/ treatment /tri:tmәnt/
/ t+ / / tw / twice /twaIs/ twerp /twз:p/ twicer /’twaIsә/
/ tj / tube /tjʊb/ tubal /’tjʊ:bәl/ tuber /’tjʊ:bә/
/ kl / class /kla:s/ clean /kli:ns/ clame /kleIm/
/ k+ / / kr / cream /kri:m/ cry /kraI/ creative /kri:’e ItIv/
/ kw / quite /kwaIt/ quit /kwIt/ quest /kwest/
/ kj / cure /kjʊә/ cute /kjʊt/ cutely /kjʊtlI/
/ bl / blow /blәʊ/ blame /bleIm/ bleach /bli:tʃ/
/ b+ / / br / bring /brIŋ/ bride /braId/ bridge /brIdʒ/
/ bj / beauty /’bjʊtI/ beautify /’bjʊtIfaI/ beautiful /’bjʊtIfʊl/
/ g+ / / gl / glass /gla:s/ glim /glIm/ glance /gla:ns/
/ gr / grow /grәʊ/ great /greIt/ groom /gru:m/
/ dr / dream /dri:m/ dread /dred / dreadful /’dredfʊl/
/ d+ / / dw / dwell /dwel/ dweller /’dwelә/ dwelt /dwel/
/ dj / duty /’djʊtI/ dutiful /’djʊtIfʊl/ dutifully /’djʊtIfʊlI/
/ fl / flow /flәʊ/ fly /flaI/ flame /fleIm/
/ f+ / / fr / fry /fraI/ fright /fraIt/ fridge /frIdʒ/
/ fj / furious /’fjʊrIәs/ few /fjʊ/ furiously /’fjʊrIәslI/
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 / q+ / / qr / throw /θrәʊ/ through /θru:/ threat /θret/

/ qw / thwart /qwæt/ thwack /qwæk/ thwack /qwæk/

/ vj / view /vjʊ/ interview /’Intәvjʊ/ preview /prI’vjʊ/

/ mj / mute /mjʊt/ mutual /mjʊtʊәl/ music /mjʊzIk/

/ ∫r / shrimp /∫rImp/ shriek /∫ri:k/ shrill /∫rIl/

/ nj / nude /njʊd/ nudist /’njʊdIst/ nudism /’njʊdIzm/

Các kết / spr / spread /spred/ sprawl /sprɔ:l/ spray /spreI/

hợp khác / spl / splash /splæʃ/ splat /splæt/ splashy /splæʃI/

/ skr / scream /scri:m/ scree /scri: / screen /scri:n/

/ str / stream /stri:m/ strawy /strɔ: I/ streak /stri:k/

/ skj / scuba /’skjʊbә/ scuba /’skjʊbә/ scuba /’skjʊbә/

/ stj / student stupid /’stjʊpId/ studio /’stjʊdIәʊ/

/’stjʊdnt/
/ spj / spume /spjʊ:m/ spue /spjʊ:/ spumous /spjʊ:mәs/
/ skw / square /skweә/ squarer /’skweәrә/ squander /’skwɔdә/

Exercise 1: Find the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from the
others of the same group.
1. A. candy B. sandy C. many D. handy
2. A. earning B. learning C. searching D. clearing
3. A. pays B. stays C. says D. plays
4. A. given B. risen C. ridden D. whiten
5. A. cough B. tough C. rough D. enough
6. A. accident B. jazz C. stamp D. watch
7. A. this B. thick C. bath D. thin
8. A. gas B. gain C. germ D. good
9. A. bought B. naught C. plough D. thought
10. A. forks B. tables C. beds D. windows
11. A. handed B. booked C. translated D. visited
12. A. car B. coach C. century D. cooperate
13. A. within B. without C. clothing D. strengthen
14. A. has B. bag C. dad D. made
15. A. kites B. catches C. oranges D. buzzes
16. A. student B. stupid C. study D. studio
17. A. wealth B. cloth C. with D. marathon
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 18. A. brilliant B. trip C. tripe D. tip
19. A. surgeon B. agent C. engine D. regard
20. A. feather B. leather C. feature D. measure
Exercise 2: Find the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from the
others of the same group.
1. A. geology B. psychology C. classify D. photography
2. A. idiom B. ideal C. item D. identical
3. A. children B. child C. mild D. wild
4. A. both B. myth C. with D. sixth
5. A. helped B. booked C. hoped D. waited
6. A. name B. natural C. native D. nation
7. A. blood B. food C. moon D. pool
8. A. comb B. plumb C. climb D. disturb
9. A. thick B. though C. thank D. think
10. A. flour B. hour C. pour D. sour
11. A. dictation B. repetition C. station D. question
12. A. dew B. knew C. sew D. few
13. A. asked B. helped C. kissed D. played
14. A. smells B. cuts C. opens D. plays
15. A. decided B. hatred C. sacred D. warned
16. A. head B. break C. bread D. breath
17. A. blood B. tool C. moon D. spool
18. A. height B. fine C. tidy D. cliff
19. A. through B. them C. threaten D. thunder
20. A. fought B. country C. bought D. ought
Exercise 3: Find the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from the
others of the same group.
1. A. moon B. pool C. door D. cool
2. A. any B. apple C. hat D. cat
3. A. book B. blood C. look D. foot
4. A. pan B. woman C. sad D. man
5. A. table B. lady C. labor D. captain
6. A. host B. most C. cost D. post
7. A. dear B. beard C. beer D. heard
8. A. work B. coat C. go D. know
9. A. name B. flame C. man D. fame
10. A. how B. town C. power D. slow

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 11. A. harm B. wash C. call D. talk
12. A. brought B. ought C. thought D. though
13. A. call B. curtain C. cell D. contain
14. A. measure B. decision C. pleasure D. permission
15. A. drought B. fought C. brought D. bought
16. A. builds B. destroys C. occurs D. prevents
17. A. deal B. teach C. break D. clean
18. A. supported B. approached C. noticed D. finished
19. A. unity B. suite C. studious D. volume
20. A. climber B. subtle C. debtor D. probable
Exercise 4: Find the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from
the
others of the same group.
1. A. loved B. appeared C. agreed D. coughed
2. A. thereupon B. thrill C. threesome D. throne
3. A. chin B. chaos C. child D. charge
4. A. wasted B. practiced C. laughed D. jumped
5. A. coast B. most C. lost D. whole
6. A. energy B. gain C. gesture D. village
7. A. population B. nation C. question D. station
8. A. meat B. sweat C. leaf D. seat
9. A. antibiotic B. pant C. hand D. want
10. A. height B. myth C. type D. climb
11. A. bush B. rush C. pull D. lunar
12. A. bought B. sought C. drought D. fought
13. A. killed B. cured C. crashed D. waived
14. A. thunder B. prefer C. grocer D. louder
15. A. tells B. talks C. stays D. steals
16. A. stomach B. watch C. change D. church
17. A. attacks B. repeats C. roofs D. trays
18. A. drought B. fought C. brought D. bought
19. A. builds B. destroys C. occurs D. prevents
20. A. name B. nation C. native D. natural