Nh;ah  ,sikj;jkpnH

12
,ay;4
,yf;fzk;
gh ,aw;wg; gHfyhk;

,yf;fzj; njh;r;rp bfhs;

4
gf;fk;: 100

,ay;
1.  btz;ghtpw;F Vw;g mLj;j rPh; vd;dthf mikf;fyhk;> bghUj;jkhd rPhpidf; bfhz;L
nfhol;l ,l=;fis epug;g[=;fs;.
m) md;ng jfspaha; (Mh;tkha; ' jfspaha;)
M) thd;kiH J}wypy; (J}wypy; ' bghHpe;jpod;)
,) fz;zpuz;Lk; ,y;yhh; (,yhjhh; ' ,y;yhh;)
<) btz;zpyt[ fha;fpwJ (fha;fpwJ ' xsph;fpwJ)
c) bta;nahd; fha;e;jpl (fha;e;jpl ' xsph;e;jpl)
2. @d;whtJ rPh; mikj;J vGJf.
m) fy;tp fiuapy fw;gth;
M) fy;yhnu MapDk; nfl;f (fw;f)
,) ey;yit bra;apd; eynk
<) mtkjpg;g[k; Md;w bghUs;
c) cz;zhJ nehw;ghh; rhd;nwhh;
3. bghUj;Jf.
m) khr;rPh; ? 1. fUtpsk;/ Ttpsk;
M) fha;r;rPh; ? 2. ehs;/ kyh;
,) tpsr;rPh; ? 3. njkh=;fha;/ g[spkh=;fha;

bry;tj;Js; vy;yhk; jiy

<) Xuirr;rPh; ? 4. njkh/ g[spkh
m) 1/ 2/ 4/ 3 M) 4/ 3/ 1/ 2 ,) 2/ 3/ 1/ 4 <) 3/ 4/ 2/ 1 tpil: M
4.  fPGs;s brhw;fis <w;Wr; rPuhff; bfhz;L Fws; btz;gh ' nehpir btz;gh ' ,d;dpir
btz;gh vGj Kaw;rp bra;at[k;.
fly;/ ths;/ kiH/ njd;/ kuk;.
fly; : miybad vGe;J xyp baGg;gp
Mh;g;ghpf;Fk; bgU=; fly;.
ths; : xsptPrpf; Th;ikbahU vjphpia tPH;j;j
gspr;rpLk; nte;jd; ths;.
kiH : thdpd;W bghHpe;J kz;iz tskhf;Fk;
njd;Rit md;d jkpH;
njd; : kzk;jUk; g{tpy; RitjUk; ,dpa
mKj bkDk; njd;.
kuk; : ,aw;ifj; jha; cte;J mspj;j 189
kwf;f btz;zh kuk;.
 Nh;ah  ,sikj;jkpnH
5. btz;ghtpw;Fhpa jisfs; ahit>
12

,aw;rPh; btz;lisa[k;/ btz; rPh; btz;lisa[k; btz;ghtpw;Fhpa jisfs; MFk;.

6. xU tpfw;gk;/ gy tpfw;gk; vd;why; vd;d>
Š btz;ghtpy; ehd;fofSk; XbuJifa[k; bgw;W tUtJ xU tpfw;gk; MFk;.
Š

Š btz;ghtpy; Kjy; ,uz;lo XbuJifa[k;/ mLj;j ,uz;lo XbuJifa[k; bgw;W

Š

4 tUtJ gy tpfw;gk; MFk;.

TLjy; tpdhf;fs;
,ay;

gyt[s; bjhpf
1.
btz;gh ahg;g[ bry;thf;Fg; bgw;w fhyk;
m) r=;ffhyk;
M) r=;fk; kUtpa fhyk;
,) fhg;gpa fhyk; <) Inuhg;gpah; fhyk; [tpil: M]

2. r=;fk; kUtpa fhyj;jpy; typa[Wj;jg;gl;lJ

m) mwk; M) muk; ,) kuk; <) kwk; [tpil: m]

3. brhy;Yjiy mog;gilahff; bfhz;L njhd;wpaJ

m) btz;gh M) Mrphpag;gh ,) fypg;gh <) tpUj;jg;gh [tpil: m]
4. btz;ghtpd; Xir
m) mftnyhir M) brg;gnyhir
,) Js;snyhir <) J}=;fnyhir [tpil: M]

5.  btz;gh ................ mika ntz;Lk; vd;gJ ,d;wpaikahj tpjp.

m) btz;lisahy; M) fypj;jisahy;
,) xd;wpa t+;rpj;jisahy; <) xd;wh t+;rpj;jisahy; [tpil: m]
bry;tj;Js; vy;yhk; jiy

6.  btz;lis ................. tifg;gLk;.

m) ,uz;L M) @d;W ,) ehd;F <) Ie;J [tpil: m]

7.  jisj;jy; vd;gjw;Fg; bghUe;jhj bghUisf; fz;lwp.

m) fl;Ljy; M) gpzpj;jy;
,) gphpj;jy; <) ,tw;wpy; vJt[kpy;iy  [tpil: ,]

8.  bghUj;jpf; fhl;Lf.
m) neh; neh; ? 1. g[spkh
M) epiu neh; ? 2. njkh
,) epiy epiu ? 3. Ttpsk;
<) neh; epiu ? 4. fUtpsk;
m) 2/ 1/ 4/ 3 M) 4/ 3/ 2/ 1 ,) 2/ 1/ 3/ 4 <) 3/ 1/ 2/ 4 [tpil: m]

9.  bghUj;jpf; fhl;Lf.
m) ,uz;lo btz;gh ? 1. fypbtz;gh
M) @d;wo btz;gh ? 2. gBbwhil btz;gh
190 ,) ehd;fo btz;gh ? 3. nehpir btz;gh/
,d;dpir btz;gh
 Nh;ah  ,sikj;jkpnH
<) ehd;fo Kjy; gd;dpuz;lo tiu ? 4. nehpir/ ,d;dpir
12


rpe;jpay; btz;gh
c) gjpd;@d;wo Kjy; mjw;Fk; nkw;gl;l mofs; tiu ?
5. Fws; btz;gh

m) 5/ 4/ 3/ 2/ 1
M) 4/ 5/ 2/ 3/ 1
,) 3/ 2/ 1/ 4/ 5
<) 2/ 1/ 3/ 4/ 5 [tpil: m]

10. btz;gh ................ tifg;gLk;.

m) ehd;F M) Ie;J
,) MW
<) VG
[tpil: <]
4
11. nehpir btz;ghtpy; ................. moapy; jdpr;rPh; tUk;

,ay;
m) Kjyhk; M) ,uz;lhk; ,) @d;whk;
<) ehd;fhk;
[tpil: M]

12. jdpr;rPhpy;yhky; .................. rPnuhL mikf;fg;gLgit ,d;dpir btz;gh.

m) @d;W M) ehd;F
,) Ie;J <) MW
[tpil: M]

FWtpdh
1. jisj;jy; vd;gjd; bghUs; ahJ>
jisj;jy; vd;gjw;Ff; fl;Ljy;/ gpzpj;jy; vd;W bghUs;.
2. <uirr; rPh;fisf; Fwpg;gpLf.
Š khr;rPh; ? njkh/ g[spkh
Š

Š tpsr;rPh; ? Ttpsk;/ fUtpsk;.

Š

3. @tirr;rPh;fisf; Fwpg;gpLf.
fha;r;rPh; ? njkh=;fha;/ g[spkh=;fha;/ Ttps=;fha;/ fUtps=;fha;.
4. btz;ghtpd; <w;Wr;rPh; vt;btt; tha;ghLfSs; xd;iwf; bfhz;L Koa[k;>
ehs;/ kyh;/ fhR/ gpwg;g[.
5. btz;gh vj;jid tifg;gLk;> mit ahit>

bry;tj;Js; vy;yhk; jiy

Š btz;gh VG tifg;gLk;. mit:
Š

Š 1. Fws; btz;gh 2. nehpir btz;gh 3. ,d;dpir btz;gh 4. nehpirr; rpe;jpay;

Š

btz;gh 5. ,d;dpirr; rpe;jpay; btz;gh 6. gBbwhil btz;gh 7. fypbtz;gh

6. gBbwhil btz;gh/ fypbtz;gh ? Fwpg;g[ tiuf.
Š ehd;for; rpw;bwy;iyahft[k; gd;dpuz;log; ngbuy;iyahft[k; bfhz;lJ gBbwhil
Š


btz;gh MFk;.
Š gjpd;@d;wo Kjy; mjw;Fk; nkw;gl;l mofs; tiu bfhz;lJ `fypbtz;gh~ MFk;.
Š

7. btz;ghtpw;fhd ,yf;fzj;ijf; TWf.

Š ,aw;rPh; btz;lis btz;rPh; btz;lis gpwHhJ tUk;.
Š

Š <w;wo @r;rPuhft[k; Vida mo ehw;rPuhft[k; tUk;.

Š

Š <uirr;rPh;fs; khr;rPUk; tpsr;rPUk; @tirr;rPhpy; fha;r;rPUk; tUk;.

Š

Š brg;gnyhir bgw;W tUk;.

Š

Š ,uz;lo Kjy; gd;dpbuz;L mo tiu tUk;.

Š

Š <w;Wr;rPh; ehs;/ kyh;/ fhR/ gpwg;g[ Mfpa tha;ghLfSs; xd;iwf; bfhz;L Koa[k;.
191
Š
 Nh;ah  ,sikj;jkpnH
8. ,d;dpir btz;gh vt;thW mikf;fg;gLk;>
12

jdpr;rPhpy;yhky; ehd;F rPnuhL mikf;fg;gLgit ,d;dpir btz;gh.

fw;git fw;wgpd; gf;fk;: 100

1. fPH;f;fhQk; <w;wofisf; bfhz;L nehpir (m) ,d;dpir btz;gh vGJf.

4

m) vd;;Wk; tpUk;gpna fy;. M) xGf;fk; cah;t[ jUk;.

cyfpy; cj;jkdha; thH fy;tp capiu tpl nkyhdJ xGf;fk;
,ay;

vj;jpf;Fk; cd; g[fiH ehl;l japiu tpl bkd;ikahdJ xGf;fk;

Vw;wkpF fy;tpia frlw fw;W gHFk; Kiw mwpe;J thH;e;jhy;
vd;Wk; tpUk;gpna fy; xGf;fnk cah;t[ jUk;.
,) ,d;dy; tpyfp tpLk;. <) cHtpd;wp ca;ah cyF.
md;gpdhy; mwk; gy bra;J nfhYk; Fila[k; kd;dDf;F mtrpak;
gz;gpdhy; gy g[fH; va;J vGJk; nfhYf;F Th;Kid mtrpak;
cz;ik apdhy; ciHj;JeP thH;e;jhy; cGk; tptrhapf;F Vh;Kid mtrpak;
,d;dy; tpyfp tpLk;. cHtpd;wp ca;ah cyF
c) bkhHpapd; tHpa jwpt[.
ts;Stdpd; tha;bkhHpia Fw;wkwf; fw;W
fk;gdpd; fhtpaj;ij frlwf; fw;W
,s=;nfhtpd; rpyk;ig rPh;J}f;fpg; ghh;j;J
bkhHpapd; tHpa jwpt[

2. `,aw;if~ vd;Dk; bghUz;ikapy; btz;gh vGJf.

bjd;wy; tPr g{kzk; gut[k;
Fd;wk; Fspu Fspupy; thLk;
bry;tj;Js; vy;yhk; jiy

kapYk; Ml kiHnkfk; brhupa[k;

kz;Q yiff; fhz;.

bkhHpia Ms;nthk; gf;fk;: 102

rhd;nwhh; rpj;jpuk;

 brd;idf; fpwpjJ
; tf; fy;Y}hpapy; jkpHhrphpah; gzpfF
; neh;fhzYf;Fr;
brd;whh; xUth;. me;jf; fy;Y}hpapd; nguhrphpah; ghpjpkhw;fiy+h;.
``Fw;wpaYfuj;jpw;F vLj;Jf;fhl;Lr; brhy;Y=;fs;~~ vd;W nfl;lhh;.
mth; ``mBJ vdf;Fj; bjhpahJ~~ vd;W gjpyspj;jhh;. `eP=;fs; njh;t[
bra;ag;gl;Ltpl;Oh;fs;~ vd;whh; ghpjpkhw;fiy+h;. `bjhpahJ~ vd;W
brhd;dtiu/ ``vg;goj; njh;t[ bra;ayhk;>~~ vd;W gpwh; nfl;l nghJ/
`mBJ~ vd;gJ Ma;jj; bjhlh; Fw;wpaYfuk;/ `vdf;F~ vd;gJ td;bjhlh;f;
kiwkiyaofs;
Fw;wpaYfuk;/ `bjhpahJ~ vd;gJ caph;j;bjhlh; Fw;wpaYfuk; vd;W 1876?1950
tpsf;fpdhh; ghpjpkhw;fiy+h;. ,e;epfH;tpy; ghpjpkhw;fiy+iuna
192 tpaf;f itj;jth; kiwkiyaofs;.