HMU (Hydro Mechanical Unit)

* HMU meters the fuel and send them through fuel manifolds for combustion

* HMU gets fuel from fuel pump after being passed through fuel filter

* HMU has 4 valves which are controlled by the EEC

1) FMV (Fuel Metering Valve) This valve controls the amount which goes for combustion
2) Bypass Valve opens to return the extra fuel (sent by fuel pump which is not required for
combustion) back to gear stage inlet (from where it enters to fuel pump internally)
3) Engine Shutoff Valve opens to let the fuel go to engine. (Fuel flow transmitter is installed
downstream to this valve as this is the actual amount of the fuel which is going to the engine for
combustion)
4) Staging Valve is open in normal conditions. This valve controls the fuel which is going to the
manifold number 2. (when the fuel supply to the manifold number 2 is closed, 10 out of 30 fuel
nozzles stop getting fuel supply. This condition happens during cold day descent idle and rapid
transient decel operations)

* This is the sequence of HMU

1) fuel pump sends filtered fuel to HMU
2) in the HMU, the fuel is metered. The metered fuel goes through FMV towards Engine Shut Off
Valve
3) the extra fuel is sent back to fuel pump through Bypass Valve
4) the fuel that passes through shut off valve and goes to fuel flow transmitter and from there returns
to HMU
5) the fuel returned from fuel flow transmitter goes to manifold no 1 and to the staging valve
6) the staging valve is normally open and the fuel goes to all 30 nozzles. the staging valve closes
under certain conditions to close the supply of fuel to manifold no 2