CAMBRIDGE | Professional English forwvork andlifeCOVMVareeesM (iS) eh for work amd life Bob Dignen Steve Flinders. Simon Sweeney CAMBRIDGE We) UNIVERSITY PRESSCAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS Cambridge, New York, Melbourne, Madrid, Cape Town, Singapore, Sto Paulo, Delhi Cambridge University Press ‘The Fdinburgh Building, Cambridge CB2 8RU, UK worwcambridge org Information on this title: www.cambridge.org/9780S21753673 ‘© Cambridge University Press 2004 This publication is in copyright. Subject to statutory exception. and to the provisions of relevant collective licensing agreements, no reproduction of any part may take place without the written permission of Cambridge University Press, First published 2004 ‘Sh printing 2008 Printed in Dubai by Oriental Press ‘catalogue record for this publica is ole from he British Lary ISBN 9780521-75367-8 Student's Book 2 ISBN 9780521-753685 Teacher's Book 2 ISBN 9780521-75369-2 Personal Study Book 2 with Audio CD ISBN 978-0521-75370-8 Student's Book 2 Audio Cassette Set ISBN 978-0521-75371'5 Student's Book 2 Audio CD SetThanks and acknowledgements The authors would like to thank: + Will Capel and Sally Searby of Cambridge University Press for their unflinching support ffom start to finish; + Alison Silver for her eagle eye for detail, for her good sense and good cheer throughout the editorial and proofreading process; + Sue Nicholas for the picture research and Ruth Carim for proofreading; + James Richardson for producing the recordings at ‘The Soundhouse Ltd, London; + Hart McLeod for the design and page make-up; + Sue Evans; Lorenza, Mathieu, Jéréme and Michael Flinders; and Lyn, Jude, Ruth and Neil Sweeney for their continuing patience; + colleagues and friends al York Associates and in the ‘School of Maraigernent, Community and Communication at York St John College for their tolerance of authorialeistraction; + and Chris Capper of Cambridge University Pros for his immeasurable contribution te the project. Itis above all his huge efforts which have made this book possible. The authors and publishers would like to thank: + lyad Takrouri (Syngenta), Ablaziz Esseid (Total), Joanna Baker (Edinburgh International Festival), ‘Judy ligoin, Gerry Kregor (York St John College), ‘Javier Alvarez (Henkel), Zac Goldsmith (The Ecologist), Elaine Willams, Henry de Montebello (Fussell Reynolds Associates), Chris Wat, Harald Peterssen (Statoil), Gwenaélle Puntous (Alstom Power Centrales), Christophe Lehy and Bernard Gauiez (HP), Susanna Longley, Vanessa Chen (Sherwood Taipe! Hotel), Nicholas Bate (Strategic Edge Lid), Richard Scase (University of Kent), Syivia Heinzen (Bombardier Flexjet Europe), Clare Abbott, ‘Anna Teevan, Ron Ragsdale, Jenny Cutler (Image Counts), Anke Schweikart (Lafarge Zement), Arnauld ‘Schwalm (Douwe Egberts), Losiey Downer, Janie (O'Connor (Events Promotions Casting), Tony Weston (the Vegan Society) for their help with the interviews; ‘+ John Davidson of BCD, Paris, for providing the introduction to Henry de Montebello; + the interviewees for their photographs; Joanna Baker = photographer Douglas Robertson; + Tim Banks, Gareth Davies, Helena Sharman, George ‘Tomaszewski and Julian Wheatley for reviewing the ‘material in its early stages. ‘The authors and publishers are grateful to the following for permission to use copyright material. While every effort has been made, it has not been possible to identify the sources of all the material used and in such cases the publishers would welcome information from the copyright owners. ‘Te putshor are rate tothe owing for paigson to epreduce copyright photographs and mater Koy: = etc ante, = gh = lop, b = Soom, back bacigiound 12: back syngont, cr 8Syngena: p10: GRalFne HatohCom: 9.11: back BPeter Sumy; p12: or ®Tom Macy Protegrapylaamy.con. Teta logo Ccouresy of “otal p13 1 Cetnan/Cabis, 9 @Mark Schovealamy com, p44: ¥ Guan Sovnget CCaecton\Garbs: 915: back GDominc Twisalamy.com bl SPEPEaamycom, bel ‘SPhesodiss Green'Gaty naga. bs Ssophotograpy.camslamy oa, Ban Horiskalamy.com, p16 Suesie GalanUGPUatamy com, back EKEWN FlemingtCoras: p18 cl Miche! 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Aumsang RobersiCabis 280. beck ELinda Burgose/Amnony ake Plure Lary, Games MUrpRy/ANony Bie Petre Libray el 6Stock Cenoecton inc Jalay Sm, Bo EGuy MoboryAntnony ‘lke Petre Libra br EBGARD Proto Musaon/alamy.com: p.60 ct ERoyaty FreiGoris 01: Bl OHary BreleyiComs; p.02 br Cusa 0 Canna/2UMAICADI 8.53 tr 8Davd CuneninglEye UsicutousCorbs; p94: bi Euares LeynsaiComs; 9.05.1 ‘@Jackson Smatalamy-cam, " Buohn Faedalany.com, aber Lewelyaleny.com, ‘Sr 8Shouelamy 2m, cb eon and Dee Ann MeCariyiCaie; po Lak van LLeshowimageshop fa visual meca tk haaamycom p71 €Royaty eeiCar, be ‘Severe Cateconox Feature: p98: br Lol Elon Fraw/Covss 100 bk Owen FrankervCorbs all ¢ ©Garah Boden p 108: OHowiet-Packardiusea wih ind pers sion of Hewett Packarawhp om: 110: Sony UK Lt, used with Kin pormision/sor.couk Louse Wace: pages 59 ane 80 Ti Ota pages 108 and 11 Fupert Bese. pages 10,17, 26, 4,38, 46, 60, 65,68 ans 76 Ur Came page 98 Thanks and acknowledgements 3Thanks and acknowledgements 3 1 Working internationally 9 Listening From Jordan to Switzerland Grammar Present simple and present ‘continuous Pronunciation ‘Song arid weak stress ‘Speaking Working life 2 Power for life 12 Total - in the energy business Vocabulary Business and business organisation ‘Speaking Profiling yout organisation Communicating at work Telephoning 1: Getting through / Leaving a massage 3 Edinburgh — the 15 festival city ‘Social phrases ‘Artiving in a place you don't know istenitg The festival city Vocabulary Music, theatre, dance and opera Likes and preferences To the student 8 A Changing direction 18 Listening Change is fun Grammar Past simple and past continuous Pronunciation Using intonation to show interest Speaking Describing past experiences 5 Job swap 24 Job swapping Vocabulary Jobs and personal development ‘Speaking Explaining professional responsibilities: ‘Communicating at work Presenting 1: Welcoming visitors 6 Tourist attraction 24 ‘Social phrases: Health and feeling ill LUstening ‘Are you looking for somewhere citferent? Vocabulary ‘Tourist attractions and accommodation Talking about tourist attractions and locations 7 From Mexico to 27 Germany Listening Work is fun Grammar Adiectives and adverbs: comparative, ‘supellative and as ... as Pronmiciation ‘Stress patterns in long words ‘Speaking Making comparisons 8 Globalisation 30 Reading ‘Can Zac save the planet? Vocabulary Trade and the economy ‘Speaking Presenting an argument ‘Communicaling at work Emails 1: Formal and informal waiting OHereisthenews 33 ‘Social phrases Talking about news Finding out what's going on The news and news media News and current affairs10 Executive search 36 LUstening Finding the right people Grammar Past simple, present perfect simple and present perfect ‘continuous; for, since and ago Pronunciation Weak farms of have and for with the present perfect ‘Speaking Describing work experience 11 Making money 39 Readino ‘Alternative investments Vocabulary Finance and investments ing Personal finance Communicating at work Meetings 1: Asking for and. ‘giving opinions 12 Ecotourism 42 Social phrases Getting directions Listening Tourism and the environment: the Eden Project, Vocabulary Environmental problems Speaking ‘The environment 13 Changing culture 45 Revision 1 Unitsi~15 54 Ustening Norway sets female queta for boardrooms: Grammer Future 1; wil, going to and the present continuous Pronunciation Contractions with pronouns and auxiliary verbs ‘Speaking Discussing future plans 14 The customer is 48 always right ‘Reading ‘Ten foot attitude: ‘Customer service Customer satisfaction ‘Gommunicating at work TTelephoning 2: Making and changing arrangements 15 An interesting place 51 to live ‘Social phrases Visiting someone's home for dinner Listening Living in a windmill Houses and homes Homes:16 Taiwan ~ still a tiger 56 Listening Feal competitive advantage Grammar Quantiers: al, every, each, ‘most, much, many, a tem alte, no, any, some Pronunciation Linking Speaking Deserbing quantities 17 RoboDog Reading Barks and bytes 59 Vocabulary Technology and gadgets Speaking Emails 2: Handling customer enquiries: 18 Leaming styles 62 ‘Social phrases Asking for and giving help Teaching people how to learn Vocabulary Leaming a language ‘Speaking Developing a learning action plan 19 Britain at work in 2010 Listening Vision of the future: Grammar Future 2: will, can, may, might and the first conditional, Pronunciation Using stress when giving opinions Speaking Predicting the future 65 20 How the rich travel 68 Reading Selling jt travel for €8,000 an hour Vocabulary Sales and seling ‘Speaking Selling and the sales process Communicating at work Meetings 2: Leading a meeting 21 Great cinema 7 ‘Social phrases. ‘Making recommendations and giving advice Listening “The big screen experience Vocabulary Film and cinema Cinema and favourite sims 24 Social issues 22 Your personal 14 brand image Listening (rage Counts Grammar ‘Musi, have to and qeed to Pronunciation ‘Strong and weak stress with modal verbs Speaking Personal image 23 Managing people 77 Reading ‘We listen to what they say Vocabulary Managing people ‘Speaking Human resources ing at work Emails 3: Making travel arrangements, 80 “Social phrases Receiving intemational colleagues Listening Social issues in Britain Vocabulary Social problems and solutions: Speaking Discussing social problems25 The coffee business 83 28 Thal’s entertainment! 92 Revision 2 Units 16-30 Ustening Douwe Egberts — coffee producer and seller Grammar ‘The second conditional Pronunciation Silent letters and difficult words Speaking Discussing possibilities 26 Intelligent skis 86 Reading Intelligent ski technology Vocabulary. Products Describing products and their selling points Communicating ‘at work Telephoning 3: Handling comptaints 89 Listening How do you like our food? Nocabutary Food and cooking ‘Speaking Discussing loca! specialities 101 Listening From slrongmen to lookalikes Grammar File cards Grammar reference Tapescripts Answer key 104 2 120 136 29 Life coaching 95 Reading Do you need a change? Vocabulary Changes and trends Speaking Describing change Communicating at Presenting 2: Handling questions effectively 30 Work or lifestyle? 98 phrases Continuous learning Discussing work and lifestyleWho is English365 tor? ‘Welcome to Engish365 Book 2. You may already know Fglish2as from Book 1, but if not, this brief introduction explains some key features of the series. Engish’6s is for people who need English for their jobs and for their free time. Ifyou use English at work and also when you travel and meet people, Fngish6 is for you. The book is for and about real working people and every tnit gives you English ‘which you can use straightaway at work or in your free time. What is English365? ‘There are two main parts to this course: ‘The Student’s Book, which you are reading now. There are also classroom cassettes or audio CDs for the listening ‘exercises in this book. As well as the core materiat in each unit, there is support materia! co help your learning in the Grammar reference section, ‘The Personal Study Book with Audio CD is to help you remember the English which you learn in the classroom. It provides important support, consolidation and extra practice material to help your learning. The more you work outside the classroom, the better your English. ‘© The Personal Study Book has important information about the language, and exercises for you to practise. ® The Audio CD gives you extra listening practice. You can also practise the pronunciation exercises and social English dialogues from the Student's Book on your own. What's in the Student's Book? With the Student's Book, you can work on: «the grammar which yout need to make English work foryou * the vocabulary you need for your job ané for your free time + the phrases you need for your free time ~ getting directions, welcoming visitors, etc « the phrases you need for your work ~ telephoning, emailing, ete. + pronunciation rules to help you speak better and understand better too. ‘There are 30 units in the book (plus two revision units, one after Unit 15 and one after Unit 30), and there are three types of unit ‘Type 1 units Units 1, 4.7, etc. ~ the purple units) ‘Type 2 units (Units 2, 5, 8, etc. the blue units) ‘Type 3 units (Units 3, 6, 9, etc. - the groan units) In type 1 units you work mainly on: «Listening © Grammar '* Pronunciation, In type 2 units, you work mainly on: * Reading © Vocabulary for work * Communication skills for work ~ for telephoning, ‘writing emails, presenting information and taking, art in meetings. Intype 3 units, you work mainly on: ‘© Phrases for travel and socialising * Listening # Vocabulary for your free time. You practise speaking in every unit! ‘At the back of the book, there are also: ‘File cards for pairwork exercises (page 104) Grammar notes (page 112) ‘¢ The tapescripts for the classroom cassettes/audio CDs {page 120) ‘© Answers to all the exercises (page 136). English365 Book 2 English365 Book 2 is for learners who have already completed Book 1 or who are at lowerintermediate to intermediate level, Book 2 consolidates what you already know and takes you forward. In Book 2 the listening and reading tasks are more challenging and they will help you to develop a better all- round level of confidence and competence in understanding English, as well as, of course, speaking the language. Book 2 also introduces a wider range of communication skills, including presenting information and taking part, in meetings and simple discussions. Another difference between Book 1 and Book 2 js that a larger number of new ‘words are introduced in each unit. ‘We hope you enjoy leaming with English365 Book 2. Baym Dif lesen prsry J ely Meet lyad Takrouri, He’s roe eg eid orden. and works for Syngenta, — angen) ‘a Swiss company which makes: | crop protection products for - parr across a world. Pea aoe maa Mirae ah uted Listen to this From Jordan to Switzerland 1 Listen to Iyad talking about working in Switzerland. 2 Listen again and answer these questions. 1.1 Are these sentences true or false? PPLi-1 1 What is ad's main responsibility? 41. He works in Geneva as a technical manager. TF 2 Why are big European farming organisations moving into Egypt and Morocco? 3. How often does lyad visit the countries for ‘which he is responsible? 2 Business is increasing alot atthe moment. Till F 3. He has responsibility for the Middle East and North Africa regions. Tar 4 What does lyad like most about Switzerland? 4 He finds Swiss German difficult to understand. TF 5 Why does lyad prefer to speak English at work? 5 His team is not very international. rm (KURIEENEMIT How international are you? Would you like a job with a lot of travel? Would you ike ower nn teruational am Why? MTT Meee — Present simple and present continuous Look at the examples (a~f) of the present simple and present ‘Match these two descriptions with each of the sentences (a). continuous. 1 Temporary actions and siuatons wich ae happeing now, 2. | workin uri for Syngenta asa technical manager for example, eure ends and short-term evens in progress. Business is realy increasing alot 2 Actions and situations which are not temporary, or exam, ¢ vst all the counties once a year for business meetings. genera and personal facts, regular event, tikes and dislikes. ir ab Which description (1 2) describes the present simple tense 1 He's sayomm your het and which one describes the present continuous? ‘Note We do not normally use continuous tenses with ‘state’ verbs, for example: bolo, know, think, understand, fel, sel, taste, 10%, want ke, love, Hate need, BFE | may mtmnc pages 110-119 meDo it yourself 1 Correct the mistakes in these sentences. 3 Two former colleagues meet at an airport. Complete their conversation using the words in brackets. 1. He work in Madrid. 2 Where do you coming from originally? Are you German? 3 Sales increase a lot at the moment in China. 4 I'm usually going to work by car. 5 This meal is delicious. The meat is tasting really good. 2 Choose the correct question from the two options (present simple or present continuous) for each answer. 1 What do you do? / What are you doing? A: ma consultant 2 What do you do? / What are you doing? : T'm helping with a project in China at the moment. 3 Q Do,you specialise im project work? / Are you specialising in project work? A: No, [don’t. | work in a lot of different areas. 4. How often do you come to Zurich? / How often . ‘are you coming to Zurich? ‘A: Hi, Marina, Surprise, surprise. A: This is my first time! B: Karl! Good to see you, What (1) (you j do) 5 & Where do-you stay? | Where are you staying? here? A: I'm in a hotel near the railway station, A: 'm on my way to Nairobi for a business meeting, 6 Q Does your business expand at the moment? Is 2B: Really? (2) | g0) to Paris to your business expanding at the moment? ‘meet my brother for the weekend A: Absolutely. The market is fantastic right now. A: Oh, (2) (he | work) in Paris? Work with a partner and practise asking and B: No. He works in Budapest. Paris is just an easy place answering the questions. for us to meet. A: OK. (4) (How often | you | see) him? B: (5) (We / try / meet) - twice a year in Paris, A: Sounds good, B: It is. (6) (You { know) Paris? A: Not very well. (7}(I/ not / go) there very much. Anyway, how's work? B: Good. (8) (1 work). . on anew product at the moment. And you? ‘A: Well, (9) (things { not j go | well) . you know, because it’s a very difficult market situation, Oh, I think (10) (your plane / board) B: You're right. I've got to go. Bye. ‘A: Bye. Have a good trip! Really good to see you again. Listen and check your answers, ))/1.2 'm in hotel near the railway station, 10 Unit oneStrong and weak stress 1 Listen to these short dialogues. The stressed words are underlined. b>| 1.3 +: Where do you work? 8: | Workin Geneva. And you? A: What do you do? 8: 'm a journals. ‘A: Where are you staying? 8: In the Hiton, Where are you staying? Listen again, Why do the speakers stress the Underlined words? Why does the speaker stress ‘you’ intwo of the questions? >») 1.3 ‘When speaking, we place strong stress on syllables or words which carry the main meaning or focus. Other words have weak stress. In present simple and. present continuous questions, the auxiliary verbs ‘an pronouns normally have weak stress. However, in short questions and reply questions we change the stress, e.g. And you?” ‘Work with a partner and practise asking and answering the questions. It's time to talk Dynamic communication 1¢ the words which have the main stress inthe following short dialogues. ‘A: How often do you travel on business? B: About once a month. And you? A Are you busy? 8: Yes, m working on a big project in China Do you know Madrid? B: No, I don’t. Do you? ‘A: What are you working on atthe moment? B: A report —the deadline is next week. ‘A: Did you have a good weekend? B: Great, thanks. How was yours? Listen and check your answers. »>|1.4 ‘Work with a partner answering the ques id practise asking and , 1 in Do it yourself exereise 3, Marina and Kail created a dynamic conversation using two simple techniques: + asking a lot of questions + using short phrases like ‘OK’ to show interest when listening. Read the dialogue again and find different questions and short phrases you can use to build a dynamic conversation. 2. You meet'a former colleague {your partner) in an airport departure loufige. Start and maintaim a short conversation by asking questions about the following. Make notes about yourself below, and prepare questions to ask your partner before you start talking, Try t0 make your conversation dynamic. erste ee Reena My profile Job responsibilities Current projects + We can use the present continuous Current situation of the business or sector Business travel Family Pee ee ieee st when listening by responding Bene Weather at homeCorey ary ce Meet Ablaziz Esseid. Foctiken eae He works for Total. at work His company’s ete headquarters is at P) Power for life \ ! Warm up, Cue ose Which counties do they come fiom? inet wl meg CPSU EU E CU Read on TOTAL Total — in the energy business Total is France's biggest oil company and Ablaziz Esseid 2. What do the following figures in the article refer to? works for it. He is based in Paris but he travels all over 470 million the world, We interviewed Ablaziz about his company. 2 2.500 billion 3 194 1 Match our questions to the answers which Ablaziz ‘4 700 billion. xgives. There are two questions which do not match an 5 50 billion answer. ex ‘What does the company do exactly? ‘Asa company, Tota is organised int three areas. sly. Upstream, © What do you do at Total? which means il and gas exploration and production. This asa covers + How bigis the company? electricity production where we have investments in nucear, solar are © 0 you ever fe! lost in such a large organisation? wind energy. Then there's Downstream, which includes reining gasoline Whereis the company based? for cars. The third area is Chemicals. But our core business is supplying © What's the history behing Total? éeneray for people to lve: to run a car, light ofices, schools and homes. We provide power fo if We need energy tolive and we depend on ol. Without it, ‘our jobs, our free time and our mobility would all be very Totals huge. The turnover is around $700 bili per annum, with different. Every day we consume 70 milion barrais of ol. eatin nine iw Bel oyor Every year we consume 2,200 milion tonnes of coal and pcp in rtore than 120 counties, i's massive, but it's 2,800 bilion cubic metres of ges. ierediti ta tink thet Exon, the biggest oil company, has twice our total sales! its along story! Total was founded in 1924, and for many years itwas Never The headquarters at La Détense is enormous, but | work in a a French sal ol company. In 1999 Tota joined Fetrotina, the Belgian small eam of just 20 people t's really goot fun and we have a great ~ ll and gas company, and in 2000 Totaltina merged with its main "Working atmosphere. And, for everyone, it’s very metiating to be at French competitor, Et Acuitaie, andthe name Became Toafingelf, the cere ofa truly labal business doing something that's necessary Now it's alled Toll again, and i's France's biggest company. for everyone to live thet ives3 ‘The article mentions several forms of power. How many can you find? (EELELELEALAY wich do you think is the most important form of energy for the future? Why? In American English the words ‘gas’ or gasoline’ are used for the fuel for cars, In British English it is called ‘petro! The words you need ... to talk about business and business organisation 41 Use words from the box to complete the profile of General Motors Teena 0 in 1908 by Billy Ourant, General Motors, manufacturer, designs, builds andl (2) has been the global automotive (3) since 19% GM today @) cars in factories in over 30 cou in about 200 countries, the company is (5) Latin America and Africa/Middle East. GM (7) around the wort Last year GM sold over 8.5 milion cars and trucks (8) . m0 any other automater. thas a 18.1 per cent (9) of the global vehicle market. n 2002 (10) Teached $186,763 milion, How many of the words in the box can you use to talk about your own organisation or an organisation you know? 2 Look at the business mind map below. Complete the sentences using words from the mind map 1 We a lot of business in Germany. 2 We sell worldwide. We're a. business. 3 our coon Business is writing software but we also do some consultancy. 4 Unfortunately, pirate software is in some parts of the world. business 5 Our union has members in a number of business including cars, food and engineering, 6 Do you give people your business ‘meet them or when you say goodbye? ‘when you first 7 In my new job I'm going to have to business a lot more than before. 8 OK, we've only got a couple of hours. Let's business, Can you add any more words to the mind map? Can you make your own sentences for the words you add? The business mind map ae Business sectors» s ities and sells them six major regional 6) North America, Waster Europe, Eastern Europe, Asia/Pacific, ‘about 355,000 people \Wworic's largest vehicle cars and trucks workdwide, and Biarritz Cadillac 196: produces worldwide markets organised into tumaver employs share market leader founded sells It’s time to talk Anew organisation You work for an energy business (which you are going to invent). Make notes about the organisation under each of these headings. Name Core business Founded Number of employees Organised into Number of countries ‘Market share in home country ‘Turnover Strong points Weak points ‘Work with a partner. Ask each other questions about your organisations.Communicating at work Telephoning 1: Getting through / Leaving a message Do you use the phone in English? If so, what do you use it for? 1 Listen to four phone calls and match each call to one of the headings. »?12.1 allt — Waiting on line Call2 ‘The person called is not available Call3 Getting through Call4 Leaving a message 2 Now listen again and complete the dialogues below. }>|2.1 calla YOU'VE (1) sornsnmmnm the voicemail of Eve Warner. Please (2) and Tl (3) as soon as I can. calla A: Hello, 24 Ke (4) non monee Helen Foster, please. 18 she (9) ennonssnnnn ? BTM). to her department. One (7) «please. call ‘A: Would you like to (8) 2 B: Well, no,1( 9) .~ to him personally. Perhaps he could (20) CANT) sosennne? a War i coiinne, plete a | he getting through? call We are (12) hhigh call load at the current time. For web support. please visit our website at wwwsupex.comjtechnical. Otherwise, please (13) and an operator will be with you as soon as one (14) 8 Work in pairs. Use this flowchart to build a short conversation with your partner. Then change roles. [Ring PPO Enterprises answer ‘Askto speak to Kate Morgan kate Morgan is away > [Gettelephone number ‘Ask for her to call you Your number is 0161 3453178 ‘Thank, repeat the number and end the conversation. 4 Work in pairs. Student A should look at the information nthe phon ‘on page 104, and Student B should look at page 108. UECPe Pr Likes and preferences Sd Ci ecu Cy Musio, theatre, dance and opera SEOUL) Dire oy Cs Pony mone ee ernest eats Att luagage. ‘the accommodation bureau Getting there Excuse me, (1) 1 Hallo, we've ust aived and 2 me, we want to get to at have you go? 8) please Lath (7) please? gota backpack and @ large 8: Singles or dovble? : you want a number 37. The suioase A Double, please. nthe oad thee. OK. That's £4 forte suitcase and_B: OK. Ecinburgh’s very fl but | can 3 fr the backpack Thetcet's phone one in Leith fr you stval. And this has information 8: You don't need to get ticket in ali tor 24 ho Ac Thank you, How fais itand the unoficial advance. You can pay on the bus thanks. A)? Na Ac Thank you 8 Tatl\be fine Havea nice B's aout al an hour by bus Tanks. And on last thing: do you B: You'e welcome mong. ve a bus timetable for Leith? 4 We'dlike a map of the tye can you give us some Bs doesthebis ave fomaton amit ERs from 1 how do we get there Renato kota Where do we buy the tickets g We'll come and get them i ae ae canweleave our bags here around 2 this afternoon ae Se dike a bed and breakfast Saeee Hello, can you help us? for two forthe nights PUR econ eMac Leas a nen Pere on acne as Hello, we've justarrived — to ees crea ret err Ba crete cc Unit three 15Listen to this The festival city Which towns and cities do you think of when you hear the word ‘festival’? Do you ever go to festivals? Have you heard ofthe Edinburgh Festival? 1 Listen to Joanna Baker talking about the Edinburgh Festival. Are these sentences true or false? ??3.2 Jeanna Baker is the marketing and public affairs director for the Edinburgh International Festival. We interviewed her about the festival and about her work. 1 The Edinburgh International Festival is an arts festival, 2 The different festivals last five weeks. 3 The International Festival is quite formal 4444 4 Joanna's personal favourite is opera 2 Listen again and answer the questions. »>|3.2 1. How many different performances does the International Festival have? 2. How many visitors come to the festival? 3 Complete what Joanna says about her job: " ‘and that we bring in 4 How much do the 10.30 pm shows cost to attend? 5 What does Joanna enjoy doing during the rest of the year? Joanna says. it’s perfect. Job and hobby together? ‘Can you say the same? What is your main hobby? Would you like to have your job and hobby together? Ifyou could do this, what would you do? fy job is to make sure we The words you need ... to talk about music, theatre, dance and opera Going out 1: The performing arts ‘The performing arts are arts like music, dance, opera and theatre which A a sacrney AML. 28K) = are performed live by people on the stage of a concert hall or theatre. -ographer wright -ume -cert ance ‘Add an ending from the box to the words in the sentences below. ae aan karen ‘The performing arts (general) Music ‘Theatre Dance 1 TheGomédie Francaise’: | 5 The wonderful Octer isa 9 People who haveseen the 13The Bolshoi Pall ucn- 1s product... of Molitre's relatively early compos. theatre work of dir, still one of the leading, Tirtuffe is perhaps their best. of Mendelssohn's: he wrote |__ Peter Brook can often. companies in the world, ‘version of this great play in it when he was only 16. remember it years witha hisory going back to the last 20 years. 6 SirSimon Rattle ig the first || afterwards the eighteenth century 2 Weare sorry to announce conduct.....,t0 become | 10 Shakespeare's rightly 14 She's the leading ball that Barbara Bonney has a iusie Gitector of the Berlin | | | thoughtwbethegreatest at the Bolshoi. hewycoldand is unableto Philharmoniker fn its Planes in the English 15 The chorea fs the appear in tonight's history. Ianguage but we should person who designs the perform......of The 7 The Berlin Philharmoniker not forget that there were _ dances which dance: Marriage of Fgaro. is thought by many to be many other interesting ‘companies puton 3 Leauldn’t see what was the Best OFCRvrnn it the dramatists living at the _16 I prefer contemp, onthe stage half world today. same time as him. dance to classical dance tgp was 8 We went toamarvellous |. 11 The play was very well because think there is -_yety poor. COnn.....atthe Théatre des done but! don't think it more creativity andvariety @ Thestage des ...forthis Champs Elysées last ‘was a good idea to do this |" in what the dancers do, Hamiatwas excellent and ‘weekend =Mitzuko Uchida eighteenth century piece i. made thegpening scene at her best, playing modern cost... with the castle at nightyery Schubert: 32 She wants to be an, rsmatic victins, When she Brows lip.Going out 2: What you like 1 Put these phrases in order from most positive to most negative. Hove... 4 Hike I really like .. can't stand .. I'm not very keen on quite like don't really like Thate 5 Note: All the above take the -ing form of any following verb. Example: Tove going to testivals but 'm not very keen on queuing fr tckelay 2 Talk to your partner: What do you like to do when you go out? ‘What's on at the moment where you live? What do you recommend? Use some of this language as a model. Questions Do you (ever) go. to the theatre? How often do you go .. to the opera? Do you like ... ballet? What sort/type)kind of .. music do you listen to? Answers Hove... > Thate It's time to talk You and your partner have a free evening in Edinburgh after a busirtess meeting. The Festival is on. Decide from this evening's programme what you are going to do, Will you go out together or will you have different plans? Or would you prefer to do something completely ifferent? You can start by saying, for example: ‘Ae What would you like to do tonight? BI don't know. What's off? ‘Ae They're doing The Seagull at the King’s Theatréll) Tot ce dbaes You Rome he Clay ae en acer Pca a: Aces You either love tor Responses Theysay: ‘You say: Mike . Me too. (Agreeing with a positive sentence} Idon'tlike... Me neither / Nor me. (Agreeing with a negative sentence) Ifyou have another opinion, you can say: Really? Actually [like .. don’t like DANCE. Cullberg Ballet. The Edinburgh Playhouse. Culberg Ballet combines brant dancing with great theaticalty, ‘making tone ofthe most innovative med ballet companies periorming today. ‘A must for al overs of dance and theatre. The two works: tonight are: ome and Home Choreography: lohan Inger Music: JS Bach / Tobin Fray Rac2ynski. Home and Home isa dreamy work by the new Artistic 219 Bale, Johan In Musi: Flesh Quart. Fluke is alits most entertaining and satisly Contemporary dance Price: £6.00-£25.00. Running time: approx 2hrs. ‘OPERA. Das Rheingold by Richard Wagner. Scottish Opera Edinburgh Festival Tete. Staged production sung in German wih English superies. Wagner's story of gods and martals, ood and ‘bad, He and death takes us on an extraordinary musical and ‘emotional journey. The Ring Cycle is one ofthe most complex ‘sues ofthe human condition ever wrillen and Scotish Opera's fproduotion is a beiliat success, Price: not available. Running time: approx 2hrs 48mins. THEATRE. The Seagull by Anton Chekhov. King’s Theatre. cucton of The Seagull ereated specially for the Festiva bya cast which includes Fiona Shaw as Arkadina jans of Chekhov's Thee Sisters, Uncie Vanya ana (chard are among the most famous of inode tins. Price: £6.60-£26.00. Running time: 3hrs 30 mins including ‘one interval CeCerro A cr) os Cee een ee créperie in, talks omen ete ae ed Veneer cee Ceased Listen to this Change is fun 1 Judy Irigoin runs a créperie, a restaurant that specialises 2 Listen again and answer the questions. b)/4.1 in crépes (the French word for pancakes), Listen and choose 4 Why did she set up the restaurant near the correct details.» 4.1 Bouton 1 Judy opened her restaurant in: the USA [the UK 2. How long did it take judy to set up the 2 Judy set up the restaurant: business? to give her children a new life $ Whyo so-meny vistors come to ‘because she was bored with teaching Kennebunkport in June: 4 Hlow did the créperie change Judy's children? 3 Judy designed her restaurant: 5 Why is it difficult to make a profit? with a small consulting company fll with a friend ' A Judy's children: like the créperie (don't like the eréperie RETNA Judy says: Change is fun. ae Everyone should have a small business. How far . didn’t make a profit last year {| _made a good profit lastyear fi] 40,YoU agree? Would you like to set up your ‘own business? Ifs0, what kind of business ‘would you like to start? We can use the past simple and past continuous when we talk about the past, especially when discussing ife experience | 1 Look atthe sentences below and underline the verbs in the past simple and past continuous. | 11 | was working fora language school in France when! 4 After figured I could make a profi, I setup the place. . had the idea. 5. She was working in the restaurant business and so she came over 2 When my son saw ft, he was really excited. 5 Things were not going well for them at school around ths time. 3 We were living in France atthe time. ‘We make the past continuous with was/were + the -ing form of the verb. When do we use was and when do we use were?2 Now match sentences 1-6 opposite with the three explanations (a-c) below. ‘a. When descriing the past, we can use the simple past to tak about finished and complete actions. ‘We often use the past simple to describe a sequence of completed actions — one after the other. 'b We can use the past continuous tense to give background information to main actions which we can describe with the past simple. The past continuous describes a temporary situation, nota finished action. The focus is on ‘something in progress at some point inthe past. © We can use the past continuous and past simple together to say how one action happens during another action, ‘The past continuous action isthe background action which starts before (and can continue after) the past simple action. | was working for a language schoo! in France when I had the idea. 1 was working fra language schoo! ‘anton in progress) ia the tea (single action) Do it yourself 1 Correct the mistakes in these sentences. 1 James met Sabine in 1998, He living in New York at ‘the time, 2 Twanted to work in marketing. So I was joining a marketing company. 3 were listening to the radio when you called. 4 Isaw Jess a minute ago. She talked to Sam. 5 Why weren't you answer the phone when I called? 2 Nina Simone, the legendary soul jazz. and blues singer, died in 2003. Match the main events of her life (1-5) with the correct background situation (a-e), Main events 1 1950s - She had her first Top Twenty hit with Gershwin’ [doves You, Porgy in 1959. 2. 1960s ~ She recorded many powerful songs in the 660s on the isstte of racial discrimination. 3 1970s ~ She decided toleave the US and the record industry in the’ for Barbados. 4 1980s~Her: Just Gares For Me became a huge hit in 1987, '5 1990s ~ She published her autobiography I Put A Spell On You in 1991, Background situations ‘a She was spending less and less time on stage due to ill health, Simone was growing increasingly unhappy with show business and continuing racism in the US. ¢ The civil tights movement was growing in the US at the time. She was rapidly developing a reputation as a singer of many styles of music € Chanel was using the song for a pesfume commercial on television. -—$__— on Grammar relerence pages 113-14 i 3 We interviewed Hilary MacDonald, an expert on Nina Simone, about the early career of this extraordinary artist in the 1960s. Complete the interview extract below, using the verbs in brackets in either the past simple or the past continuous. INTERVIEWER: Hew (1) Nina Simone’s career (begin)? HILARY: Well, she (2) (work) ina nightclub when she (3) wm (have) the chance to sign for the Bethlehem record label. She (4) (take) her opportunity with both hands and her first hit (5) (come) in 1959, INTERVIEWER: (6) (be) Nina part of the black ivil rights movement in the US during the 19608? Absolutely, yes. When the protest actually started she (7) (already | write) songs and so she quickly (8) envnnnvenee GOin) the movement. INTERVIEWER: (9) sw Nina (write) any specific songs about the fight for equality? Yes. In fact, Mississippi Godda (10) (be) a direct response to the killing of four black children. ‘And (11) (have) any impact? Absolutely. At that time people always HILARY: HILARY, INTERVIEWER her songs HILARY: (12) (stop) what they (13) (do) ana (14) 7 (listen) when Nina (15) . (start) to sing. Listen and check your answers. PP|4.2Using intonation to show interest 1 Listen to two versions of the same short conversation 2 Listen to five mini-dialogues and decide which type of about a weekend. Note down any differences you hear. response (Iype 1, Type 2 or Type 3) the listener uses 14.8 ineach dialogue. 4. Differences: Dialogue 1 - = Dialogue 2 Effective listening Dialogue 3 Listeners use different responses to show polte interest " \when listening. They also use intonation to sound polite, aaa for example by increasing the volume and changing the Dialogue 5 tone a ite. 3 Work with a partner, Take itn turns to tell each other ‘your news using the list below. Check that your partner listens etfectively by showing interest with polite intonation. Type Using intonation with short phrases, some of Which give @ positive reaction: ‘Aba, Oh, Yes, OK, Really Interesting, Good, Great, Nice, ate * Your sister is getting mario. Type 2 Using intonation when repeating key words: | yes creas oe a horas cori emia A: Yes, and we saw lots of dolphins New York 8: Dolphins! + Your partner has got a promotion ‘Type 3 Using intonation when asking follow-up + You saw an excellent film ast week ‘questions: + You have decided to travel around the world fora year ‘Yes, and we saw lots of dolphins. + Your company has just won a new contract in india 8: How many? + You would like to change your ob. + You read a very interesting book last week. ‘+ One of your children passed their exams. + You will get a promotion next month. ea ORE IL A problem you had with a customer Petr ers D>) een ever sre nc PCR e ees: ener teres + We can use the past simple and past continuous to talk Pe sees ts Ra ae UN i a Lg Re ee een + We can use polite intonation and responses to show interest ee Lee POCorer) Or ees | emi Py Oe ca Con ee pars Presenting FA Job swap Warm up De SERN Seca Cabs Cre unser another jab in your organisation? What? Why? Job swapping 1 Look at the article on the right about job swapping and answer these questions. 1 What is job swapping? 2. What jobs did Sonia and Ben swap? 3 Were they positive about the experience? 2 Read the article again and answer these questions about Sonia and Ben, 41 Why does Sonia think Ben’s job is difficult? 2 What did Sonia learn about herself from the job swap? 3. How will the job swap change the way Sonia does her job? 4 Why was Ben worried about swapping jobs with Sonia? 5 What major problem did Ben have during the day? 6 What did Ben learn about himself from his job swap? (UEEAMATLLA Do you think job swapping is a 00d ide? What could you learn from doing a job swap? ‘Who would you like to swap with? Meet Sonia Griffin, a team coordinator, and Ben Walker, a design director, at Winning Design. They swapped jobs for a day. Find out what they learned. Can you fmagine> The boss changes fobs with the receptionist: ‘She uns top management meetings for «day tohile he answers the phone and handles visitors. job swaps are becoming popular because organisations believe they can be a great way for sta to share experiences and build new relationships. Two peoplein the same organisation do each others jobs foro day and then Aigeuss what they can learn from the experience. wo participants give us their thoughts, Sonia: Team coordinator responsibilities include organising meetings, travel and documentation ‘Ben's job is tough, He has to work on a fot of different things - everything from the company’s publicity material to client Christmas cards. | spent the morning with his ‘team designing a new corporate brochure. actually, it was a bit depressing at first because most of my ideas were hhopeless. But when we discussed the design of next year’s Christmas cards, the team decided to take up some of my Ideas, which was great. At the end of the day I was happy to go back to my job and what I'm trained to do. But the {day did teach me that | could do otter things and that | had more creativity than | thought. Now I want to get better ‘and be more creative. Sol try to contribute more ideas, ‘during our team meetings in future” ‘en: Design director - responsibilities include: designing corporate brochures and external ‘ocumentation “\ was definitely more nervous than Sonia. | knew her job was very different from mine, all about organisation: seting Up ‘meetings, getting documentation ready, working to tight deadlines, and so nn fact, my first task was to organise internal meeting witn eight very senior people. The frst thing was to book a limo to pick up people from the alport that, Was easy. Next was to undate information forthe actual meeting, That was a disaster! | couldnt print it out because 1 had no idea how to use the software. it got really stressful but, fortunately, Sonia came to the rescue. HOW did I fee! at the end of the day? For me, it was a great experience. | leamed that organisational skills are essential to achieve targets and | learned more about coping with pressure. ‘And for me, swapping seemed to be a good way to develop confidence, communication and motivation. i's nice to meet ‘new people and fun to try new things. hope we can do more of itn the future and improve our work skls”The words you need ... to talk about jobs and personal development 4 Use verbs from the article to complete this advertisement. The first letter is given for you. Personal development Human Development Associetes (HDA) Lid _ experts developing We can help you to help yourselt. We will help you to... new relationships and useful networks with people more ideas in meetings tottight deadlines targets which you set yourself with pressure ‘fyou would te detats of forthcoming training events, seater confidence in what you do Fame omid ok wecuORlacn uk ~ work HDA Ltd, PO Box 420, Reading RG63 218 ( repezos 2 Choose the correct words in Ben's job profile, NAME: Ben Walker TITLE: Design director AREA: [have (1) responsible for / esponsibility for new designs for our corporate brochure. {'m also (2) in charge of / in charge for specific design projects. 'm (3) responsible for / responsibility for 25 people MAIN TASKS: (4) My main objective / object isto support marketing and sales. One of my other key (5) tasks / works to make sure we presenta clear brand identity to the customer in our brochures. OTHER WORK: Another important part of my job isto (6) deal with / handle with stores which display and sell our products. Sometimes I (7) take care Jor] take care of visitors from our Spanish office because I speak good ‘Spanish. I'm also (8) involved in / involved for the social chub at work Ben Walker, raising the quality ot ‘design for Winning Design. Listen and check your answers, }!5-1 ‘Make similar sentences about yourself. 8 With a partner, discuss which of the ideas in exercise 1 you do - or could do in the fature - to improve your work. Which are most important for you? Its time to talk 4 You are going to meet colleagues to discuss a job swap. Make notes about important information in your job. You Person 1 Person 2 Job ttle Main responsibilities Other tasks Good things about the job Bad things Qualities you need forthe job 2 Now work with two other people in the class. Interview them about their jobs and complete your notes. When you have finished, decide which person you would like to swap jobs with.Communicating at work Presenting 1: Welcoming visitors Do you ever give presentations in English? Do you often welcome visitors to your organisation? 1 Listen to a short presentation and circle the correct answers below. »)|5.2 2 Name ‘Gemma Wood | Wilkins / Walker Job Personnel officer } Information officer | Executive PA Morning tour Production area / City centre | Offices Lunch 12.00 | 12.30 / 13.00 Evening programme _Restaurant / Theatre / Concert. 2 Match the phrases (a-i) to the structure of Gemma’s presentation. Listen again to check your answers. ))|5.2 Phrases eginsing 1 Weleone the visitors a Right, now I want to go on to the second part... |, Mane the visitors b Thank you for listening. 2 Introduce myself Ending ¢ Does anyone have any questions ..? 3 Introduce the presentation 716.6 tor guactions at Now I'm going to hand over to ae € That's ali [want to say about Hass part eo, f To begin then, Twant first ofall to Nein Pee jicst hank the audience g My name's... and I workin 4 Start the fis Pe 4 Introduce the next Ih Hello and welcome to everyone. 5 dinish the first Po speaker iT like to give you a short introduction to & More on to the next 9 You work for Le Chat Bleu SA, a shoe manufacturer in France. You are the HR ‘manager responsible for recruitment and training, Read the email below and use the information to prepare a short welcome presentation to a group of visitors to Le Chat Bleu. You should speak for no more than two minutes. From Syie Bonet Subject: Welcome presenaion fo vss rom land Hi ‘visors om Kienny Shoes raving tomorow. ke you to do a shart welcome resentation ~ no mare ‘tn wo ines jst to ntoduce youself ad the programe (se elo) forthe ay Not tat hae asd ‘Simone Laurent and Jonn Bames tog th tour of cur design sts an spr shoe warkshons. alton Kikenny Shes: Progamme 1030 — 10:35 Welcome esetaton 1035-1200 Vist dein sto with Simone Lazent 1200-14. Lunch wih Simone Lent 1400 ~ 15.00 Spr shoe worishos tow wih Jahn Bares 1500-17. Preect meeting 1830. Reception followed by sane atLe Cochard Many hans, ‘Sy Muni phrases lke these: — ee oT enc TT Listen to the model presentation. }?)5.3 ia ‘Work with a partner and together prepare your own short welcome presentation for some visitors. Then give your presentation to the class.Soe) meeior tc Tae Erect) A 2 Ptr) Poe ote as eeuie Ta “ Health and feeling ill erent ee ee ened Ae you allright? No, actualy. (1) please, your name? 25 i's Raul Ochoa, I'm trom octoris busy all macning, Can you come at 3.45 this afternoon? I'm here temporarily, one 'm much better, thanks business 1 I dont feel very wel Do you need my insurance g I'd tke an appointment details fh Can you fil inthis form Is there anything | can do? We've missed you Baca eee tke te aa Se ee en oe ee a eR, are ee ew Ri | ALthe doctor's Back al work A Hello, have an appointment with A: At, you'e bat better the doctor at ? 8: 3.15, yes. (5) A 0K Welcome 8: Nol i home Cover the dialogues above and make your own, ee aon nec nag esr oly src enero este ea rere Fixing an appointment Port cs cae niis at work URS taListen to this ‘Are you looking tor somewhere different? Hive you ever had a holiday in Australia? ‘Would you like to? Why? What do you know about Tasmania? 1 Listen to Gerry talking about Tasmania. Are these sentences true or false? >>| 5.2 1 Tasmania is about the same size as the Republic of Ireland. 2 It’s very hot and the sun always shines in Tasmania. 7 ‘ig Meet Gerry Kregor, an IT 3. It was a kind of island prison during the days of the A British Empire. consultant from Tasmania who 4 There are lots of sharks off the Tasmanian coast. TMF now lives in the UK. 5 You can walk for days there without seeing another human being. THF 2 Listen again and answer these questions. »»/6.2 4 What are the main industries? 2. How many people live in Tasmania? 3 What are the beaches like? 4 What can you see in the west? 5 How much of the state is National Park? 6 How is Tasmania different from Europe? (EENENENTT cerry says Tasmania is mostly a ‘wilderness’. Have you ever visited somewhere like that? Would you like to live in a place like that? The words you need ... to talk about tourist attractions and accommodation 1 Look at the advertisement for a holiday in Australia. $1,999 SE) Coy Tara Oe2 Complete the sentences below using one of the seven underlined words in the advertisement 1 One of the best thinigs was the spectacular » especially the lakes and mountains. 2 Like noisy cities and nightlife. I don’t like the idea of an empty 3 Talways take holidays in places famous for food because | like food and want to discover local 4 Everyone sees animals on television, but seeing unusual for real is a wonderful experience. 5 Travelling to a new country is, more than anything else, a chance to learn about a different 6 Some people think tourism is bad for the but you can also learn more about this through tourism. 7 Like city breaks to visit the in famous cities like Bruges, Venice, Berlin of Lisbon. 3 Match the different types of accommodation in the box with the right j deseripdon 1-40. house swap campsite caravan 1 Acountry house with land, animals, crops, etc. which also receives Wot” famptoess vila ‘bed ant guests, breakfast guesthouse youth hostel self-catering accommodation 2A private house with some rooms for visitors, which also provides meals. 3. Aholiday house or apartment where you cook your own meals. Aplace where you can sleep in your own tent. 5 An exchange of homes so that you can stay in another person's house at the same time as they stay in yours 6 A large private rural home, usually in the country and often with a swimming pool or near the sea. 7 A large building with a full range of services for its guests, 8 Low cost accommodation with a lot of beds in each room, usually for younger travellers. 9 Ahome on wheels ~ sometimes mobile, sometimes fixed - which is parked on a special site with washing facilities, etc. 10 A private home which offe:s cheaper accommodation than a guest house or hotel and which dees not provide an evening meal. Which of these have you stayed in on holiday? UES TUCK Garg Ser ere teeta apes pets enn PET aol ae a LCD eer! Cou eT Foe Pe Nea eda ec Tenis akeosCaceres Grammar Pai Cn ee ec Crary Roy words co Pe Seon an OEY Sees em Ti interesting place to work in? Why? Listen to this Laud y@ Work is fun 7 rainy 1 We interviewed Javier about the time he spent 2 Listen again and answer these questions. 17.4 working in Mexico and Germany. Listen to him Sere raARE easad Eines may oe ROTA 1. How long did Javier live and work in Mexico? 2 According to Javier, which type of person is often 1 Javier is currently living and working late for a business meeting? in Germany. T 3. How is the Spanish spoken in Spain different from Mexican Spanish? 7 2 Mexico is the most interesting place Javier has worked. TF 4 What is Javier's style of management? 5 Why does javier like Mexican food? 3 Mexicans are always late for meetings. | F ies anki ga So 4 In Mexican business culture, people are (EINEM Javier talks about stereotypes. open. TF) What stereotypes are there about people from your 5 Javier thought German food was good. TF i) country? How true are they? 2 Adverbs ‘in Mexico you can communicate more easily, more treely with your boss. Adjectives and adverbs Adverbs of place: ‘ear low high Read the examples and answer the questions about foanarng wi tjeeiven aed ava, Adverbs of time: soon late early + Adectves. Adverbs of manner: quick hard fast Jaller say's Mexican Spanish sounds older than the Spanish in Spain, ‘We can use more to make comparatives with most ly adverbs Its the most interesting place | have worked in (e.g. more efficiently). However, many adverbs with the same form as. ‘When do we use -er and -est to build comparative adjectives form the comparative with -er (e.g. nearer, earlier, faster). ‘and superlative forms with adjectives? When do we ‘use more and most? pene ei forms forthe irregular adverbs badly and Pee3 Comparing with as... 2s. ‘When we compare things, we can also use (aot) as... a8 with adjectives and adverbs: itwasn't as bad as | expected. (~ twas better than | expected.) as alas aee | did't enjoy the German food as much as the Mexican... (= lenjoyed Mexican food mort)... Not) as + adverb + as Which sentence (a-c) has the same meaning as Javier's comment? Javier: wasn't as expensive as | expected. alt was more exoensive than | exnected bit was cheaper than | expected. lt was the same as | expected. Grammar reorece pape 114 ie Do it yourself 1 Correct the mistakes in these sentences. 1 They drive a lot more fastly. 2 I don't speak Spanish as good as | want to 3 [work more effective in the morning. 4 For me, the bus is not so convenient like my car 5. The importantest thing to remember is not to forget anything! 2 Complete these general comparisons of Mexico and Germany with roe Woh the hes lower later easly better carefully important 1 in general, people in Germany drive more than they do in Mexico. 2 In Mexico you can get to know people a lot mort than here, 3. Some people say that status is more in. Mexican business culture. 4 In Mexico people normally have their evening meal than in Germany. 5 In Mexico prices are generally... 6 Most people I met in Mexico knew Germany than I expected, Listen and check your answers. >)\7.2 3 Look at the sentences below comparing two job applicants, Petra Novikov and Kurt Stein. Rewrite the sentesices about them, using, the words given and keeping the original meaning. More than one answer is sometimes possible. You can’t be too carefull 1 Kurt doesn't speak English as fluently as Petra. (Petra { speak / fluently | Kurt) 2 Kurt is much more interested in working abroad. Exampl (Petra | interested / abroad) raat stills. 3 kurt doesn’t have. as much overseas experience as Petra. patra has beer organising j (Petsa {experienced / Kurt) (Burt | organisational sk 4 Petra. worked. the hardest in the team-building task etra's) zg (Kurt /hard / task) Kurt's ssational skills are 5 kurt was quickest in the group at the logical tasks ‘5, (Petra | do / tasks / quickly / Kurt) Fe as good as Petra 6 Petra's social skills are a little better. (Kurt / social skills } good { Petra’s)Stress patterns in long words 1A cictionary can be a great help when learning how to pronounce longer words. Javier uses the words strategy and strategic during his interview. Look atthe dictionary definitions. They show you how to say the words withthe correct word stress. strategy strat ods Mstret/ noun (Cor Wa detailed plan for achieving success in situations such as war, politics, business, industry or sport, or the skill of plan ning for such situations: The ‘president held an emergency meeting to discuss military strategy with his = 4 netphne Gente commanders esters 0 en er dghl a 4 Strano foe the neh isa besias oZS, ge serateae 0 "Now listen to the pronunciation and repeat the words. »?|7.3 2 Listen to these examples of important stress pattems in three- and four-sylable words. P>| 7 our sylla) Hie Ta i motivated ‘competion Decide which stress pattern (1-6) each ofthe following words has. employer Mexico analysis complicated languages absolutly engineer another conversation educated.» competitor underline Listen and check your answers. b>)? [EXEEENEEENIS) write down between five and ten words with three or four syllables that you have studied in earlier units, Use a dictionary to identify which stress pattern they have. Then test your partner by asking himyher to pronounce the words, Can he/she pronounce them with the stress on. the correct syllable? Vea TURCR CLL DOr Sey TRO RCo Rn ao eC CCNY and the other Student Student A has invited Student B Un eee Cone nen eee discuss your experiences and compare different places ren etn ce nro tea ee eR eet? > We compare things with adjectives and adverbs meee ete? Corey re ho Eno RCO eee ee eee cas to achieve a plan, strategic planning PereSET Aer) Reed Petey Veet Cenc) erry informal werting EF] Globalisation Warmup Mie ieee Cea Sa nae Seren Read on Can Zac save the planet? 1 We asked Zac Goldsmith about his views on globalisation. Match the headings (1-6) with his answers in paragraphs A-D. There are two headings which do not match an answer, |) Bad news forthe third world + Thitd world debts are reduced + World Bankes bigbusiness 4 Thefuture could be better © Meeting local needs © Energy needs costtheearth Globalisation increases international trade, but Zac Goldsmith itis bad environmentally, socially and politically. He jses the World Bank, which lends money to developing, cri ‘countties, and is an important part ofthe globalisation process. ‘World Bank loans pay for projects like roads, airports and oil refineries,’ says Zac. ‘It is mostly American multinationals that build these, so they benefit from the World Bank.” _ Indeed, multinational corporations (MNCs) dominate the _global economy, with just 100 accounting for 70% of world " trade. Zac says that big corporations move in to developing countries to control natural resources such as minerals, wood He and oil. ‘The developing country has only debts. Ghana, for example, has debts of $7.2 billion.’ Meanwhile, the local econotny changes: instead of trying to meet local needs, the economy moves towards exports and the global economy. “This is disaster for the developing countries,’ says Zac. Meet Zac Goldsmith, editor of The Ecologist, a magazine about the environment. We asked Zac what he thinks ahout globalisation and world trade. ecologist Slot Food « lelese@ erste REE (cc 2 What do the following numbers in the article refer to? 1 100.and 70% 4-580 million 2 $72 billion 5 1.6 Dillion 3 20% and 17 6 six (OTN Do you agree with Zac that ‘things will change” Do you share Zac’s concerns about slobalisation? Zacis also unhappy about globalisation and energy. Twenty-five ‘times mote is spent on developing energy from oil, gas and coal in the developing world than is spent on ‘clean’ energy. ‘The richest 20% of the world’s population consumes 17 times more energy than the poorest 20%. Some of the world’s largest multinational companies are oil companies. This is not surprising, as people travel much more. In r996 the world population was 5.7 billion an¢ 58e million travelled abroad, but by 2020, 1.6 billion out of 7.8 billion will travel abroad. ‘Zac, however, ‘optimistic. “Trade will change,’ he says. inks people will gebackto local agriculture, faimers’ markets, and more direct contact with producers. Eventually too, climate change will force the move away from: oll as a source of energy. ‘IF ived like the average American,’ says Zac, ‘we would need six planets to meet the energy needs. Of course thinge will change: they haveto.”