ENGI9901/ME8506 Fluid Dynamics, Winter 2022

Assignment#3

Due: Wednesday, March 2nd, 2022, 11:00 pm

Problem 1 (10 Points)

Consider the two-dimensional velocity distribution defined as follows:
𝑦 𝑥
𝑢=− 𝑣=
𝑥2 + 𝑦2 𝑥2 + 𝑦2
a) Determine the circulation for this flow filed around the following contour by integrating around it
counterclockwise:
−1 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ +1 𝑦 = −1
−1 ≤ 𝑦 ≤ +1 𝑥 = +1
−1 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ +1 𝑦 = +1
−1 ≤ 𝑦 ≤ +1 𝑥 = −1
b) Calculate the vorticity vector for the given flow field at any point (𝑥, 𝑦).
c) Calculate the divergence of the velocity vector for the given flow field at any point (𝑥, 𝑦).
d) Conclude about the nature of the fluid flow.

Problem 2 (10 Points)

Ideal flow past a cylinder is perturbed by adding a small vertical velocity without changing the orientation
of the doublet:
𝑈𝑎2 𝑦 𝑎2
𝜓 = −𝑈𝛾𝑥 + 𝑈𝑦 − 2 = −𝑈𝛾𝑟 cos 𝜃 + 𝑈𝑟 (1 − ) sin 𝜃
𝑥 + 𝑦2 𝑟2
a) Show that the stagnation point locations are 𝑟𝑠 = 𝑎 and 𝜃𝑠 = 𝛾⁄2 , 𝜋 + 𝛾⁄2 when 𝛾 ≪ 1. (Hint:
Consider using the binomial series and power series expansion).
b) Sketch the streamlines for the simplified stream function. Does this flow include a closed body?
You may use Excel, Maple, Mathematica, or Matlab to plot the streamlines.

Problem 3 (10 Points)

Consider the following two-dimensional stream function composed of a uniform horizontal stream of speed
𝑈 and two vortices of equal and opposite strength in (x, y)-Cartesian coordintaes.

𝜓(𝑥, 𝑦) = 𝑈𝑦 + (Γ⁄2𝜋)ln√𝑥 2 + (𝑦 − 𝑏)2 − (Γ⁄2𝜋)ln√𝑥 2 + (𝑦 + 𝑏)2

a) Simplify the stream function for the combined limit of 𝑏 ⟶ 0 and Γ ⟶ ∞ when 2𝑏Γ =
constant = C , to find 𝜓(𝑥, 𝑦) = 𝑈𝑦(1 − (C⁄2𝜋𝑈)(𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 )−1 ).
b) Switch to the (𝑟, 𝜃)-polar coordinates and find both components of the velocity using the simplified
stream function.
c) For the simplified stream function, determine where 𝑢𝑟 = 0.
d) Sketch the streamlines for the simplified stream function, and describe the obtained flow.
You may use Excel, Maple, Mathematica, or Matlab to plot the streamlines.

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Problem 4 (20 Points)
The complex potential for a source of strength 𝑚 located at 𝑧 = 𝑖ℎ and a source of strength 𝑚 located at
𝑧 = – 𝑖ℎ is given by:
𝑚 𝑚
𝐹(𝑧) = ln(𝑧 − 𝑖ℎ) + ln(𝑧 + 𝑖ℎ)
2𝜋 2𝜋
a) Show that the real axis is a streamline in the resulting flow field, and deduce that the complex
potential for the two sources is also the complex potential for a flat plate located along the line 𝑦 =
0 with a source of strength 𝑚 located a distance ℎ above it.
b) Determine the velocity components of the fluid flow.
c) Obtain the pressure on the upper surface of the plate mentioned above from Bernoulli’s equation.
d) Determine the force acting on the plate due to the presence of the source. Take the pressure along
the lower surface of the plate to be equal to the stagnation pressure in the fluid (Hint: The force on
the plate can be obtained by integrating the pressure difference across it along the entire plate
surface). Is it an upward or downward force?

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