TOPIC 3: CELL STRUCTURE, REPRODUCTION AND DEVELOPMENT

Chapter 3B: Mitosis, meiosis and reproduction

1 During the cell cycle of eukaryotic cells, a parent cell divides into two daughter
cells. The process consists of three main stages: interphase, division of the
nucleus and cytokinesis.
(a) Using the information given and your own knowledge, name the two types
of nuclear division in eukaryotic cells.
(2)

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(b) During interphase, the mass of DNA in the parent cell doubles. Identify the
period during interphase when the mass of DNA doubles. Explain how this
doubling happens.
(2)

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(c) (i) Define the term ‘cytokinesis’.

(1)

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(ii) Explain how cytokinesis differs between plant cells and animal cells.
(2)

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(Total for Question 1 = 7 marks)

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2 Diploid human cells carry 46 chromosomes. Write in each box the correct
number of chromosomes for each type of human cell listed.
(3)

white blood cell

red blood cell

egg cell
(Total for Question 2 = 3 marks)

3 In flowering plants, pollen grains develop inside the pollen sacs of an anther.
The diagram shows the process.

(a) Name the cell labelled X.

(1)

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(b) What is the process Y?

(1)

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(c) Name the nucleus labelled Z.

(1)

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(Total for Question 3 = 3 marks)

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4 The diagram below represents a longitudinal section through the carpel of a
flowering plant.

(a) Name the structures labelled X, Y and Z.

(3)

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(b) Describe the origin and role of enzymes during germination of a pollen grain
and extension of the pollen tube through the style of the carpel to the wall of
the embryo sac.
(4)

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(Total for Question 4 = 7 marks)

TOTAL FOR ASSESSMENT = 20 MARKS

Pearson Education Ltd 2018. Copying permitted for purchasing institution only. This material is not copyright free