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Molar Mass from Boiling Point Elevation or Freezing
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Products Share Point Depression

The addition of a nonvolatile solute to a solvent causes the boiling point of the solvent to
increase and the freezing point of the solvent to decrease.

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molar mass= grams /moles , so we need to find the grams

and divide that # by the number of moles
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1. Set up this equation and place the grams on top. Now you need
Products
to find the moles to complete the problem.
grams
molar mass=
moles
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2. Determine the change in boiling (or freezing) point temperature Leader in
(solution and pure solvent). Providing a
Wide Range of
DT=Tsoln -Tpure Corrosion-
Resistant
3. Calculate the molality, using the change in boiling point (or Solutions
freezing point) and the elevation (or depression) constant.

DT= mKb or DT= mKf

4. Find the moles of solute from molality by multiplying by the kg

of solvent.
moles solute
molality (m)=
kg of solvent

so
molality (m) x kg of solvent = moles of solute
5. Now that you have the moles, plug it back into the equation
from step 1 and solve for molar mass.
grams
molar mass=
moles

Example 1 Molar Mass from Boiling Point Elevation

Calculating Molar Mass from Boiling Point Elevati…

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5.00 g of an organic solid is dissolved in 100.0 g of benzene.

The boiling temperature of this solution is 82.42 °C. The
boiling temperature of pure benzene is 80.10 °C; Kb = 2.53
°C /m. What is the molecular weight of the unknown
compound?
1. Set up this equation and place the grams on top. Now you need
to find the moles to complete the problem.
5.00 grams
molar mass=
X moles

2. Determine the change in boiling point temperature (solution

and pure solvent).
DT=Tsoln -Tpure

82.42 °C -80.10 °C= 2.32 °C

3. Calculate the molality, using the change in boiling point and the
elevation constant.

DT= mKb

2.32 °C=m x 2.53°C /m

m= 0.917m = 0.917mol/kg
4. Find the moles of solute from molality by multiplying by the kg
of solvent.
100.0g benzene x 1kg/1000g= 0.1000kg
0.917mol/kg x 0.1000kg = 0.0917 moles of solute
5. Now that you have the moles, plug it back into the equation
from step 1 and solve for molar mass.
5.00 grams
molar mass= = 54.5g/mol
0.0917 moles

Example 2 Molar Mass from Freezing Point Depression

Calculating Molar Mass from Freezing Point Depression

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The freezing point of a solution that contains 1.00 g of an

unknown compound, dissolved in 10.0 g of benzene is found
to be 2.07oC. The freezing point of pure benzene is 5.48 oC.
The molal freezing point depression constant of benzene is
5.12oC /m. What is the molecular weight of the unknown
compound?
1. Set up this equation and place the grams on top. Now you need
to find the moles to complete the problem.
5.00 grams
molar mass=
X moles

2. Determine the change in freezing point temperature (solution

and pure solvent).
DT=Tsoln -Tpure

2.07 °C -5.48°C= -3.41 °C

3. Calculate the molality, using the change in boiling point and the
elevation constant.

DT= mKf

-3.41 °C=m x (-5.12oC /m)

m= 0.666m = 0.666 mol/kg
4. Find the moles of solute from molality by multiplying by the kg
of solvent.
10.0g benzene x 1kg/1000g= 0.0100kg benzene
0.666 mol/kg x 0.0100kg = 0.00666 moles of solute
5. Now that you have the moles, plug it back into the equation
from step 1 and solve for molar mass.
1.00 grams
molar mass= = 150.g/mol
0.00666 moles

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