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Z Purlin Design
Z Purlin Design
DL+LL kN/m 0.86 0.86 0.86 0.86 0.86 0.86 0.86 0.86 0.86 0.86
DL+WL kN/m -0.72 -0.60 -0.60 -0.60 -0.60 -0.60 -0.60 -0.60 -0.60 -0.72
The above values are calculated by adding the loads and multiplying by the purlin spacing.
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Purlin Sizes 200Z20 200Z15 200Z15 200Z15 200Z15 200Z15 200Z15 200Z15 200Z15 200Z20
Purlin Lap L C C C C C C C C L
C= Continous lap 375 mm each side. L= Long lap 705 mm each side.
Wind Increase 1.00
By Structrural analysis using Stiffness Matrix Analysis the following Internal Forces are obtained
** DL+LL
Moment-Left Support kN.m 0.00 #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE!
Moment-Left Lap kN.m 0.00 #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE!
Moment-Mid Span kN.m #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE!
Moment-Right Lap kN.m #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! 0.00
Shear-Left Lap kN #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE!
Shear-Right Lap kN #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE!
** DL+WL
Moment-Left Support kN.m 0.00 #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE!
Moment-Left Lap kN.m 0.00 #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE!
Moment-Mid Span kN.m #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE!
Moment-Right Lap kN.m #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! 0.00
Shear-Left Lap kN #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE!
Shear-Right Lap kN #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE!
** DL+LL
Left Support #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE!
Left Lap #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE!
Mid Span #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE!
Right Lap #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE!
Deflection Cm #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE!
Allowable Cm #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE!
** DL+WL
Left Support #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE!
Left Lap #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE!
Mid Span #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE!
Right Lap #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE!
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Deflection Cm -Ve #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE!
Allowable Cm -Ve #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
Span 1
Span 1
Midspan
a) DL + LL
At location of maximum positive moment, the section is assumed to be fully braced.
Use nominal strength based on initiation of yielding per Section C3.1.1 (a).
b) DL + WL
At location of maximum negative moment, the section is assumed to be unbraced.
Use nominal strength based on initiation of yielding per Section C3.1.3
Unbraced Length
Sag Rod Spacing = = #VALUE! = ### m
(no. of sag rods + 1)
Lu 1.78 (C3.1.2)
Lc = = = ### m
Sag Rod Spacing ###
Limits:
Lc ≤ 0.75 , R = 0.70
2
C b π E d I yc (C3.1.2.1-14)
Fe = 2
2 Sf ( K y Ly )
(1.67) π^2 (20339.53) (20) (27.81)
= = #VALUE! kN/cm2
#VALUE!
Limits:
2.78 Fy = 2.78 (34.5) = 95.91 kN/cm2
0.56 Fy = 0.56 (34.5) = 19.32 kN/cm2
Value of F c :
For F e ≥ 2 . 78 F y
F = F (C3.1.2.1-2)
c y
(1− 10
36 F )
F
10 F y
(C3.1.2.1-3)
y
F c =
9 e
For F e ≤ 0 .56 F y
(C3.1.2.1-4)
F c = Fe
since ###
therefore Fc = ### kN/cm2
b) DL + WL
At location of maximum positive moment, the section is assumed to be fully braced.
Use nominal strength based on initiation of yielding per Section C3.1.1 (a).
Left Support
In the lap region over the support, the section is assumed to be fully braced:
Use nominal strength base on initiation of yielding per Section C3.1.1 (a), summing
the strength of the two overlapped purlins
Mn(Ф) = (13.76+9.51)(0.95)
(Unity check below is not shown on design sheet if welded plate is set
= 22.11 kN.m
to No because the sheet will show combined bending+crippling ratio)
a) DL + LL b) DL + WL
Mactual ### Mactual ###
= = ### #VALUE! = = ### #VALUE!
Mallow 22.11 Mallow 22.11
Left Lap
a) DL + LL
In the region of negative moment between the end of the left lap and the inflection point:
Determine the nominal strength using the distance from the inflection point to the lap as the
unbraced length per Section C3.1.2.1 (b)
Limits:
2.78 Fy = 2.78 (34.5) = 95.91 kN/cm2
0.56 Fy = 0.56 (34.5) = 19.32 kN/cm2
since ###
### kN/cm2
From above, Sc = 27.538 cm3
b) DL + WL
At location of maximum positive moment, the section is assumed to be fully braced.
Use nominal strength based on initiation of yielding per Section C3.1.1 (a).
a) DL + LL
At the location of maximum positive moment, the section is assumed to be fully braced:
Use nominal strength based on initiation of yielding per Section C3.1.1 (a) calculated above.
b) DL + WL
At location of maximum negative moment, the section is assumed to be unbraced.
Use nominal strength based on initiation of yielding per Section C3.1.3
Unbraced Length
Sag Rod Spacing = = #VALUE! = ### m
(no. of sag rods + 1)
Lu 1.78
Lc = = = ### m
Sag Rod Spacing ###
Limits:
Lc ≤ 0.75 , R = 0.70
since ;
a) DL + LL
In the region of negative moment between the end of the right lap and the inflection point
Determine the nominal strength using the distance from the inflection point to the lap as
the unbraced length per Section C3.1.2.1 (b)
2.78 Fy = 2.78 (34.5) = 95.91 kN/cm2 , 0.56 Fy = 0.56 (34.5) = 19.32 kN/cm2
since ###
### kN/cm2
From above, Sc = 27.538 cm3
Mn(Ф) =###
= ### kN.m Unity Check: Mactual ###
= = ### #VALUE!
Mallow ###
b) DL + WL
At location of maximum positive moment, the section is assumed to be fully braced.
Use nominal strength based on initiation of yielding per Section C3.1.1 (a).
Span 1
Left support: V= ### DL + LL
V= ### DL + WL
Right lap: V= ### DL + LL
V= ### DL + WL
Span 2
Left support: V= ### DL + LL
V= ### DL + WL
Left lap: V= ### DL + LL
V= ### DL + WL
Right lap: V= ### DL + LL
V= ### DL + WL
Span 1
Left Support
h E kv
If ≤
t F
√ y
: F v = 0.60 F y F v = 0.60 F y
√ (Eq. C3.2.1-2)
If
√ h
E kv
Fy t
< ≤ 1.5
√ E kv
Fy
: Fv =
0.60 √ E k v F y
( h/t )
Fv =
0.60 √ E k v F y
( h/t ) √ (Eq. C3.2.1-3)
h
t
Ek
If > 1.5 v
F √ y
: Fv =
0.904 E k v
( h/t )
2
Fv =
0.904 E k v
( h/t )
2
√ (Eq. C3.2.1-4)
Vn(Ф) = 42.73(0.95)
= 40.59 kN
a) DL + LL b) DL + WL
Right Lap
a) DL + LL b) DL + WL
Note:- These unity checks are not shown on the Design Sheet
Span 2
Left Support
Vn = Aw Fv = (2.78)(6.46) = 17.96 kN
Vn(Ф) = 17.96(0.95)
= 17.06 kN
Vn(Ф) = (42.73+17.96)(0.95)
= 57.66 kN
a) DL + LL b) DL + WL
Left Lap
a) DL + LL b) DL + WL
Right Lap
a) DL + LL b) DL + WL
At support # 1: P= #VALUE! kN DL + LL
P= #VALUE! kN DL + WL
At support # 2: P= #VALUE! kN DL + LL
P= #VALUE! kN DL + WL
At support # 3: P= #VALUE! kN DL + LL
P= #VALUE! kN DL + WL
P n = C t 2 F y sinθ
Where:
( √ )( √ )( √ )
1−C R
R
t
1+C N
N
t
1−C h
h
t
(Eq. C3.4.1-1)
Fy = 34.5 kN/cm2
θ = 90
R = 0.6 cm
N = 12.5 cm (assume minimum flange width)
Support # 1
h = NA cm , t = 0.2 cm
From table C3.4.1-3, using the coefficients for the case of:
Fastened to Support/One-Flange Loading or Reaction/End
Check Limit:
R 0.6
= = 3 < 9, OK
t 0.2
√ 0.6 √ 12.5 √ NA
Pn = ( 4 ) ( 0.2 )^2 ( 34.5 ) 1 - 0.14 1 + 0.35 1 - 0.02
√ 0.2 √ 0.2 √ 0.2
Pn = ### kN
Pn(Ф) =###
= ### kN
a) DL + LL
Pactual ###
= = ### #VALUE!
Pallow ###
Support # 2
From table C3.4.1-3, using the coefficients for the case of:
Fastened/Stiffened or Partially Stiffened/One Flange Loading or Reaction/Interior
Check Limit:
R 0.6
= = 3 < 5, OK
= = 3 < 5, OK
t 0.2
√ 0.6 √ 12.5 √ NA
Pn = (13 )( 0.2 )^2 ( 34.5 ) 1 - 0.23 1 + 0.14 1 - 0.01
√ 0.2 √ 0.2 √ 0.2
Pn = ### kN
Pn(Ф) =###
= ### kN
Check Limit:
R 0.6
= = 4.00 < 5, OK
t 0.15
√ 0.6 √ 12.5 √ NA
Pn = (13 )(0.15 )^2 ( 34.5 ) 1 - 0.23 1 + 0.14 1 - 0.01
√ 0.15 √ 0.15 √ 0.15
Pn = ### kN
Combining the strength of two purlins at first interior support (support # 2),
Pn(Ф) =###
= ### kN
a) DL + LL
Pactual ###
= = ### #VALUE!
Pallow ###
Support # 3
From table C3.4.1-3, using the coefficients for the case of:
Fastened/Stiffened or Partially Stiffened/One Flange Loading or Reaction/Interior
Check Limit:
R 0.6
= = 4.00 < 5, OK
t 0.15
Pn(Ф) =###
= ### kN
a) DL + LL
Pactual ###
= = ### #VALUE!
Pallow ###
by: HEZ
Combined Bending and Shear Strength (Section C3.3.1 - AISI 2001)
Span 1
(M ) ( )
2
Ωb M 2 Ω V (C3.3.1-1)
+ v ≤ 1. 0
nxo Vn
Where:
Mnxo = Mn, calculated based on the initiation of yielding per Section C3.1.1
Ωb = 1.67
1.67 Фb = 0.95
1.6
Ωv = 1.60 Фv = 0.95
Left Support:
a) DL + LL
#VALUE! 2
0 + = ### #VALUE!
42.73(0.95)
b) DL + WL
#VALUE! 2
0 + = ### #VALUE!
42.73(0.95)
Right Lap:
a) DL + LL
#VALUE! 2 #VALUE! 2
+ = ### #VALUE!
#VALUE! 42.73(0.95)
b) DL + WL
#VALUE! 2 #VALUE! 2
+ = ### #VALUE!
13.75(0.95) 42.73(0.95)
Span 2
Left Support:
a) DL + LL
#VALUE! 2 #VALUE! 2
+ = ### #VALUE!
(13.76+9.51)(0.95) (42.73+17.96)(0.95)
b) DL + WL
#VALUE! 2 #VALUE! 2
+ = ### #VALUE!
(13.76+9.51)(0.95) (42.73+17.96)(0.95)
Left Lap:
a) DL + LL
#VALUE! 2 #VALUE! 2
+ = ### #VALUE!
#VALUE! 17.96(0.95)
b) DL + WL
#VALUE! 2 #VALUE! 2
+ = ### #VALUE!
#VALUE! 17.96(0.95)
Right Lap:
a) DL + LL
#VALUE! 2 #VALUE! 2
+ = ### #VALUE!
#VALUE! 17.96(0.95)
b) DL + WL
#VALUE! 2 #VALUE! 2
+ = ### #VALUE!
9.5(0.95) 17.96(0.95)
by: HEZ
Combined Bending and Web Crippling (section C3.5.1c - AISI 2001 )
Unreinforced flat webs of shapes subjected to a combination of bending and concentrated load or reaction shall be
designed to meet the following requirements:
M P 1.65
+ 0.85 ≤ (Eq. C3.5.1-3)
M no Pn Ω
M = Required allowable flexural strength at
section under consideration
= ### kN-m (DL+LL)
= ### kN-m (DL+LL)
Mno = Nominal flexural strength for nested Z-
sections, i.e. sum of two sections
evaluated individually, determined in
accordance with Section C3.1.1
= 22.11 kN-m
P = Required allowable strength for
concentrated load or reaction in the
presence of bending moment
= ### kN (DL+LL)
= ### kN (DL+WL)
Pn = Nominal web crippling strength assuming
single web interior one-flange loading for
nested Z-sections, i.e., sum of two webs
evaluated individually
= ### kN
Ω = Factor of safety for combined bending and
web crippling
= 1.75
h 18.5 R 0.6
= = 123.34 < 150, OK = = 4.00 < 5.5, OK
t 0.15 t 0.15
N 12.5 tmax 2
= = 83.34 < 140, OK = = 1.34 > 1.3, Not OK!
t 0.15 tmin 1.5
Support # 1 Since there is no moment at this support, this check is not applicable
Support # 2
- DL + LL
#VALUE! #VALUE!
= + 0.85
22.11 #VALUE!
Fn is determined as follows:
( )
2
For λ c ≤ 1. 5 F n = 0 . 658 λ
c
Fy (Eq. C4-2)
( )
0 . 877
For λ c > 1 . 5 Fn = 2 Fy (Eq. C4-3)
c
λ
where:
√ Fy π 2E
λc = Fe = 2
Fe ( KL/r )
(3.14)^2(20339.53)
Fe = = 32.80 kN/cm2
((1)(600)/7.67)^2
√34.5
λc = = 1.03 < 1.5
√32.8
λ2
c = 1.06
Pn = (4.73)(22.13) = 104.67 kN
Parameters;
x = 0.5 t = 0.2 cm Agross = 6.9 cm2
α = 0.394 b = 6.00 cm
E = 20339.53 kN/cm2 d = 20.00 cm
Pny = 0.935(1.02)(41.55)(6.9)(20339.53)
29500
= 188.52 kN
3. Governing Limit State is Flexural - Torsional Buckling
The required allowable strengths P, M x, and My shall satisfy the following interaction equations. In addition, each
individual ratio in Eqs. C5.2.1-1 to C5.2.1-3 shall not exceed unity.
Ω cP Ω b C mx M x Ω b C my M y
1.0 (Eq. C5.2.1-1)
Pn M nx α x M ny α y
Ω cP Ω bM x Ω bM y
1.0 (Eq. C5.2.1-2)
Pno M nx M ny
When ΩcP/Pn ≤ 0.15, the following equation shall be permitted to be used in lieu of the above two equations:
ΩcP Ω bM x Ω bM y
1.0 (Eq. C5.2.1-3)
Pn Mnx Mny
π2 E Ix Ωc P
Pex = αx = 1 -
(Kx Lx)2 Pex
= 226.18 kN = 0.92
a) DL + WL
P
= 0.11 < 0.15 use (Eq. C5.2.1-3)
Фb Pn
P Mx My
+ + ≤ 1.0
Фb Pn Фb Mnx Фb Mny
√
f
f
λ=
Fcr
()
2 2 b/2 b/2
F cr = k
πE t Actual Element
12 ( 1 − μ ) w
2
Figure B2.2-1
where;
t = 0.15 cm (Thickness of uniformly compressed stiffened element)
μ = 0.3 (Poisson's ratio of steel)
f = 22.13 kN/cm2 (is taken as equal to Fn as determined in Section C4 (for compression members)
E = 20339.53 kN/cm2 (Modulus of elasticity)
k = 4 (Plate buckling coefficient)
(4)(3.14)^2(20339.53) 0.15 2
Fcr = = 49.71 kN/cm2
12(1 - 0.3^2) 5.25
√22.13
λ= = 0.66
√49.71
1 - (0.22 / 0.66)
ρ= = 1.01
0.66
(24)(3.14)^2(20339.53) 0.15 2
Fcr =
12(1 - 0.3^2) 18.50
= 24.02 kN/cm2
parameters:
ho = 20 cm bo = 6 cm ho/bo = 3.33 w/2 = 9.25
limits:
For ho / bo ≤ 4
b1 = be/(3+ψ) (Eq. B2.3-3)
b2 = be/2 when ψ > 0.236 (Eq. B2.3-4)
b2 = be - b1 when ψ ≤ 0.236 (Eq. B2.3-5)
note:
b1 + b2 < w/2
For ho / bo > 4
b1 = be/(3+ψ) (Eq. B2.3-6)
b2 = be/(1+ψ) - b1 (Eq. B2.3-7)
Since ho / bo < 4,
b1 = 3.741 cm
b2 = 7.482 cm
b1 + b2 = 11.223 > w/2 Web is fully effective use, w as an effective width
web (ho ÷ 2) = cm
corner = 1.06 cm
bottom flange = 5.25 cm
lip = 1.85 cm
8.16 cm
Ωb = 1.67 Ωt = 1.67
200 Z 15
| | |
Depth Section thickness
Section Data
Section Depth WTp=WBt Thk Lip Rad Angle Area Wt Yd Coil Width
mm mm mm mm mm deg cm2 kg/m mm mm
200Z15 200 60 1.5 18.494 6 60 5.175 4.06 100 345
200Z18 3.66E+06 36591 76.76 2.49E+05 7268 28.34 3.64E+09 670.70 81.83
200Z20 4.06E+06 40562 76.67 2.78E+05 8095 28.39 4.05E+09 920.03 81.76
200Z25 5.04E+06 50403 76.45 3.51E+05 10178 28.52 5.11E+09 1796.94 81.59
250Z20 6.89E+06 55109 93.50 2.74E+05 7991 26.35 6.51E+09 1050.70 97.14
250Z25 8.57E+06 68587 93.30 3.45E+05 10049 26.47 8.20E+09 2052.14 96.98
(Applicable only if the span of the longest member is not more than 20% longer than the shortest span).