KI]@ZIF ]GFDIBWKWIF EZICTWZ EGAWZ

I.  Dgegfhsh
Erictur agrupicif bhkiflfyi c`fthfuhtis tukifl, tukifl riwif, jihc yifl
 jgrsheit t`tik aiupuf sgjilhif yifl dhsgjijcif `kgb triuai itiu tgfili ehsh
ehshcc (Bgkah,
:=9:).
Erictur idikib pitib tukifl, yifl jhisifyi dhsgjijcif `kgb triuai itiu
tgfili ehshc. Cgcuitif dif sudut dirh tgfili tgrsgjut, cgidiif tukifl, dif nirhflif
kufic dhsgchtir tukifl icif agfgftucif ipicib erictur yifl tgrnidh htu kgflcip itiu
thdic kgflcip. (]rhog < \hks`f,
\h ks`f, :==5 dikia jucu Furirhe Iahf Budi.:=97)) 
Budi.:=97)) 
Erictur Egaur itiu pitib tukifl pibi idikib rusicfyi c`fthfuhtis tukifl
 piflcik pibi yifl dhsigjijcif `kgb triuai kiflsufl, cgkgkibif `t`t, dif c`fdhsh
tgrtgftu, sgpgrth dglgfgrish tukifl itiu `stg`p`r`shs. (Irhe Auttiqhf, :=99)
J.  Gth`k`lh
i.  Triuai
Triuai kiflsufl > jgfturif pidi tukifl sgoiri kiflsufl dif
agflichjitcif tgrnidh erictur dh tgapit htu.
Triuai thdic kiflsufl > ththc tuapu jgfturif dgflif tgrnidhfyi erictur
 jgrniubif. 
 j.  Erictur pitik`lhs dhsgjijcif cirgfi pr`sgs pgfyicht sgpgrth `stg`p`r`shs,
cifcgr tukifl dkk.
o.  Erictur egaur dipit tgr idh cirgfi jgjgripi eict`r, yihtu>
9.  Triuai> cgogkiciif kiku khftis, itub dirh cgthfllhif dgflif p`shsh
 jgrdhrh itiududuc sgbhflli tgr idh eirctur tukifl jgkicifl.
:.  ]it`k`lhs> sgrhfl dhsgjijcif `kgb agtistisg dirh tua`r.
?.  Dglgfgrish> tgr idh cirgfi pr`sgs cgaufdurif ehsh`k`lh dirh irhflif
tukifl htusgfdhrh.
4.  _p`ftif> tgr idh cirgfi tirhcif `t`t yifl siflit cuit (iflukish erictur).
d.  Idi : thpg dirh erictur egaur, yihtu >
9.  Erictur Hftricipsukgr egaur yifl tgr idh dh dikia tukifl sgfdh, piflluk
difcipsuki.
i)  Agkikuh cgpiki egaur (oiphtik erictur)
 j)  Bifyi dh jiwib cgpiki egaur
o)  Agkikuh kgbgr dirhegaur

]r`pgsh Fgrs _thcgs ]ifrhti Busidi Jukucuaji Tibuf :=:= ]ilg 9

 

:.  Erictur Gcstricipsukgr3

i)  Tgr idh dh kuir sgfdh dif cipsuk, agkikuh tr`cbiftgr egaur yifl
kgjhbjgsir itiu yifl kgjhb cgohk /pidi digrib hftgrtr`cbiftgr.
hftgr tr`cbiftgr.
 j)  Tgridh dh jilhif dhstik agfu u kgbgr egaur tgtiph thdic kgjhb dirh :
hfoh dhjiwib tr`cbiftgr cgohk.

O.  Ckishehcish
9.  Jgrdisircif sheit erictur
i)  Erictur tgrtutup
Ipijhki eilagf tukifl yifl pitib thdic tiapic dirh kuir. Thdic agfygjijcif
r`jgcfyi cukht.
 j)  Erictur tgrjuci
Ipijhki erilagf tukifl yifl pitib tiapic dirh kuir. Agrupicif erictur
dgflif kuci pidi cukht itiu agjrif auc`si siapih cg pitibif cich. Erictur
tgrjuci tgrjilh itis thli dgrinit, yihtu >

9)  Dgrinit H
i.  Kuci ; 9 oa
 j.  Cgrusicif nirhflif kufic sgdhcht, thdic idi tifdi kuci rgauc.
o.  Erictur sgdgrbifi, trifvgrsik, `jkhc, itiu c`ahfuthe rhfli
d.  C`ftiahfish ahfhaik
:)  Dgrinit HH
i.  kisgrish 6 9 oa
 j.  Cgrusicif nirhflif kufic, thdic kuis, ekip/ivuksg
o.  Erictur c`ahfuthe sgdifl

d.  C`ftiahfish sgdifl

?)  Dgrinit HHH
Tgrnidh cgrusicif nirhflif kufic yifl kuis, agkhputh structur cukht,
`t`t. dif fgur`visoukir sgrti c`ftiahfish dgrinit thfllh. Erictur dgrinit thli
tgrjilh itis >
i.  Nirhflif kufic yifl agfutuph erictur tukifl idgcuit, agschpuf tgrdipit
kisgrish kuis/ekip/ivuksg itiu erictur sglagftik/siflit c`ahfuthe yifl
dhsgjijcif `kgb triuai jgrgfgrlh thfllh tifpi agkhbit jgsirfyi ucurif
kuci.

]r`pgsh Fgrs _thcgs ]ifrhti Busidi Jukucuaji Tibuf :=:= ]ilg :

 

 j.  Cgbhkifliff nirhflif kufic dgflif erictur tukifl yifl tgrpipir itiu
c`ftiahfish aisshe. Kuci pidi pgajukub irtgrh/sirie pgrhegr yifl birus
dhpgrjihch tifpi agkhbit cgrusicif nirhflif kufic.
:.  Jgrdisircif c`apkht / thdic c`apkht erictur
i.  Erictur c`apkht

]itib pidi sgkurub lirhs tgflib tukifl dif jhisifyi agflikiah pgrlgsgrif
 jgrlgsgr dirh p`shsh f`raik)
 j.  Erictur hfc`apkht
]itib bifyi tgrnidh pidi sgjilhif dirh lirhs tgflib tukifl. Ahsik > Bihr khfg
erictur, Lrggf sthoc(erictur dhaifi sikib situ shsh tukifl pitib sgdifl shsh
yifl kihf agajgflc`c)
?.  Jgrdisircif jgftuc lirhs pitib & bujuflif dgflif agcifhsag tiuai
i.  Erictur trifsvgrsik
Irib agkhftifl dif agrupicif ichjit triuai iflukish / kiflsufl

 j.  Erictur `jkhc

Irib lirhs pitib agajgftuc sudut tgrbidip suaju tukifl dif agrupicif
ichjit dirh triuai kiflsufl
o.  Erictur sphrik
Irib lirhs pitib sphrik dif ichjit dirh triuai r`tish
d.  Erictur c`aprgsh
Erictur dhaifi tukifl agflikiah c`aprgsh (tgrnidh pidi tukifl jgkicifl)
D.  ]it`ehsh`k`lh
Tukifl jgrsheit ripub fiauf oucup agapufyih cgcguitif dif liyi pglis

uftuc agfibif tgcifif (Ipkgy, I. Lribia, 988?). Tiph ipijhki tgcifif gcstgrfik
yifl ditifl kgjhb jgsir dirh yifl dipit dhsgrip tukifl, aici tgrnidhkib triuai pidi
tukifl yifl agflichjitcif rusicfyi itiu tgrputusfyi c`fthfuhtis tukifl (Oirpfht`,
Kyfdi Nuikk, 9887). _gtgkib tgrnidh erictur, pgrh`stgua dif pgajukub dirib sgrti sirie
dikia c`rtgcs, airr`w, dif nirhflif kufic yifl agajuflcus tukifl rusic.
]grdiribif tgrnidh cirgfi cgrusicif tgrsgjut dif tgrjgftuckib bgait`ai dh r`flli
agduki tukifl. Nirhflif tukifl sglgri jgrdgcitif cg jilhif tukifl yifl pitib.
Nirhflif yifl agflikiah fgcr`shs hfh agfsthaukish tgrnidhfyi rgsp`f hfekiaish yifl
dhtifdih dgfilf vis`dhkitish, gcsudish pkisai dif kguc`sht, dif hfehktrish sgk dirib

 puthb. hfh agrupicif disir pgfygajubif

pgfygajubif tukifl (Jkioc, N.A, gt ik, 988?).

]r`pgsh Fgrs _thcgs ]ifrhti Busidi Jukucuaji Tibuf :=:= ]ilg ?

 

Triuai agrupicif pgfygjij aiy`rhtis dirh erictur jihc triuai cirgfi cgogkiciif
 jgra`t`r aiupuf nitub dirh cgthfllhif agfygjijcif rusic itiu putusfyi c`fthfuhtis
 nirhflif tukifl. _gkihf htu cgidiif pit`k`lhc tukifl sgpgrth @stg`p`r`shs yifl
agfygjijcif dgfshtis tukifl agfuruf, tukifl ripub ichjit cgthdicsghajiflif
b`ag`stishs pgrlifthif tukifl dif cgdui pgfygjij dh itis dipit agflichjitcif

dhsc`fthfuhtis nirhflif tukifl yifl dipit agr`jgc pgrh`stgua dhaifi pidi dhfdhfl
c`apirtgagf tukifl tgrsgjut tgrdipit sirie-sirie sgbhflli dipit thajuk risi fygrh yifl
 jgrtiajib jhki dhlgriccif. Erictur dhjilh ? lridg agfurut cgrusicif nirhflif tukifl.
Lridg H agfygjijcif cgrusicif cukht, Lridg HH erictur tgrjuci yifl dhsgrtih dgflif
c`ftush` cukht dif `t`t tgrnidh gdgai pidi nirhflif. Lridg HHH cgrusicif pidi cukht, `t`t,
 nirhflif sirie dif pgajukub dirib.

]idi lridg H dif HH cgrusicif pidi `t`t/nirhflif kufic dipit agfhajukcif fygrh yifl
bgjit cirgfi idi spisag `t`t. ]idi cgrusicif nirhflif yifl kuis pidi cukht `t`t
 pgrh`stgua dif suasua tukifl yifl agfygjijcif cgkuirfyi suasua cufhfl
c ufhfl yifl dipit
aisuc cg dikia pgajukub dirib sgbhflli agflichjitcif gaj`kh kgaic yifl cgaudhif
dipit agfyuajit pgajukub dirib cgohk dif dipit jgrichjit eitik ipijhki agflgfih
`rlif-`rlif vhtik sgpgrth `tic niftufl dif piru-piru, lhfnik dif dipit agfygjijcif
hfegcsh. Lgniki siflit ogpit jhisifyi tgrnidh :4 siapih <: nia. _gtgkib ohdgri liajirif
cbis jgrupi bhp`cshi, tichpfgi, tichcirdh. ]gfhflcitif hsh c`apirtgagf `t`t cirgfi
gdgai itiu pgrdiribif, agflichjitcif cgbhkiflif euflsh pgraifgf, hscgahc dif
fgcr`shs `t`t sirie sgbhflli agfhajukcif cgsgautif (jiik), cukht puoit, fygrh dif
cgkuapubif. Jhki tgrnidh pgrdiribif dikia nuakib jgsir dipit agflichjitcif sy`c
bhp`v`kgahc. Thfdicif pgajgdibif pgfthfl uftuc agflgajikhcif erilagf yifl bhkifl
cgajikh cg p`shsh sgauki dif agfoglib c`apkhcish kgjhb kifnut. _gkihf htu jhki pgrujibif
susufif tukifl dikia cgidiif stijhk itiu jgriturif aici icif kgjhb ogpit tgrnidh pr`sgs
 pgfygajubif erictur dipit dhcgajikhcif
dhcgajikhcif sgsuih kgtic ifit`ahfyi dgflif lhps.

Triuai pidi tukifl yifl agflichjitcif rusicfyi itiu tgrputusfyi c`fthfuhtis

tukifl. _gtgkib tgrnidh erictur, pgrh`stgua dif pgajukub dirib sgrti sirie dikia c`rtgcs,
airr`w, dif nirhflif kufic yifl agajuflcus tukifl rusic. ]grdiribif tgrnidh cirgfi
cgrusicif tgrsgjut dif tgrjgftuckib bgait`ai dh r`flli agduki tukifl. Nirhflif tukifl
sglgri jgrdgcitif cg jilhif tukifl yifl pitib. Nirhflif yifl agflikiah fgcr`shs hfh

agfsthaukish tgrnidhfyi rgsp`f hfekiaish yifl dhtifdih dgflif vis`dhkitish, gcsudish

]r`pgsh Fgrs _thcgs ]ifrhti Busidi Jukucuaji Tibuf :=:= ]ilg 4

 

 pkisai dif kguc`sht, dif hfehktrish sgk dirib puthb. Cgnidhif hfhkib yifl agrupicif disir
dirh pr`sgs pgfygajubif tukifl fifthfyi. Eict`r-eict`r yifl agapgflirubh erictur >
9)  Eict`r Gcstrhfshc
Idifyi tgcifif dirh kuir yifl jgrgicsh pidi tukifl yifl tgrliftufl tgrbidip
 jgsir, wictu, dif irib tgcifif yifl dipit agfygjijcif erictur.

:)  Eict`r Hftrhfshc

Jgjgripi sheit yifl tgrpgfthfl dirh tukifl yifl agfgftucif diyi tibif uftuc
thajukfyi erictur sgpgrth cipishtis ijs`rjsh dirh tgcifif, gkisthshtis, cgkgkibif,
dif cgpiditif itiu cgcgrisif tukifl
G. Aifhegstish ckhfhc  
Aifhegstish yifl sgrhfl aufouk pidi pishgf dgflif erictur egaur idikib>  
i.  Zisi fygrh yifl jgrkiflsufl dif agf idh kgjhb bgjit cirgfi pgr ikifif dif
tgcififpidi digrib egaur.
 j.  Bhkiflfyi euflsh pidi egaur.

o.  Tiapic bhkiflfyi dge`rahtis egaur jhki dhjifdhflcif dgflif gcstrgahtis

yiflf`raik ( pgrujibif jgftuc ).
d.  Lgricif agfhajukcif dgrhc / crgphtish.
g.  Gdgai egaur.
e.  _b`oc (Bgkah, :=9:).
E.  ]gfitikicsifiif
9.  Erictur Egaur Tgrjuci
Agfurut Ipkgy (9887), erictur egaur tgrjuci birus dhfhkih dgflif ograt uftuc
agflgtibuh idi thdicfyi cgbhkiflif cukht, c`ftiahfish kuci, hscgahi `t`t, ogdgri

 pidi pgajukub dirib dif sirie. Hftgrvgfsh tgrsgjut agkhputh>

i.  ]r`ehkicshs ifthjh`thc
 j.  Dgjrhdgagf
]gajgrshbif kuci dif dgjrhdgagf birus dhkicucif dgflif sgdhcht
auflchf pgfufdiif. Nhci tgrdipit cgaithif nirhflif yifl aith dhgckshsh
dgflif bith-bith. Kuci ichjit pgfgtrish erilagf kuci yifl tinia nuli pgrku
dhjgrshbcif dif dhgcshsh, tgriph yifl oucup dgflif dgjrhdgagf tgrjitis sini.
o.  _tijhkhsish
Dhkicucif pgaisiflif ehcsish hftgrfi itiu gcstgrfi.

-  ]gfufdiif tgrtutup
-  ]gfufdiif rgbijhkhtish

]r`pgsh Fgrs _thcgs ]ifrhti Busidi Jukucuaji Tibuf :=:= ]ilg 7

 

:.  Erictur Egaur Tgrtutup

]gflcinhif hfh dhpgrkucif `kgb pgriwit sgjilih pgrif c`kij`rithe dikia
agkicucif isubif cgpgriwitif. Dgfilf agflgfik thfdicif agdhs, pgriwit
dipit agflgfik hapkhcsh pidi sgthip thfdicif agdhs yifl dhkicucif.

i.  Erictur tr`ciftgr dif suj tr`ciftgr egar, agkhputh>

-  ]gaisiflif tricsh tukifl sgkiai 5-< ahfllu yifl dhkifnutcif dgflif
lhps phflluk sgkiai < ahfllu agrupicf iktgrfikthe pgkicsifiif pidi
ckhgf ushi audi.
-  Zgducsh tgrjuci dif ehcsish hftgrfi agrupicif pgfl`jitif phkhbif
dgflif agagrluficif pkitg dif sorgw.
 j.  Erictur dhiehshs egaur, agkhputh>
-  Tgriph c`fsgreithv
-  Tricsh cukht agrupicif pgfl`jitif sgagftiri sgjgkua dhkicucif tgriph

dgehfhthe uftuc agfluriflh spisag `t`t.

-  Tricsh tu3kifl jgrhajifl dgfalif jilhif pgirs`f pidi sgfdh kutut.
Hfdhcish tricsh utiai idikib eirictur yifl jgrsheit c`ahfuthe dif
sglagftik.
-  Agflluficif oist jriohfl yifl dhpisifl sgtgkib ufh`f erictur sgoiri
ckhfhs
o.  Tgriph @pgrish
-  ]gaisiflif pkitg dif sorgw pidi erictur pr`cshaik dhiehshs itiu dhstik
egaur

-  Agapgflirubh c fihk, I@ fihk, itiu ngfhs kihf, jihc dgflif `pgrish

tgrtutup aiupuf tgrjuci. Hfdhcish C fihk, I@ fihk tgrutiai idikib eirctur
dhiehshs.
-  Ehcsissh gcstgrfi tgrutiai pidi erictur sglagftik, erictur c`ahfuthe,
hfegotgd psgud`irtbr`shs itiu erictur tgrjuci dgflif cgrusicif nirhflif
kufic yifl
yifl bgjit. (Irhe Auttiqhf, :=99)
L.  ]gagrhcsiif Dihlf`sthc
Agfurut Zgfdy,A Okgv`.:=9:> 
9.  Zidh`k`lh e`t` p`k`s dipit dhkicucif uftuc agfdgtgcsh idifyi cgkihfif pidi

tukifl egaur  

]r`pgsh Fgrs _thcgs ]ifrhti Busidi Jukucuaji Tibuf :=:= ]ilg 5

 

:.  _c`r tukifl t`a`lripby dipit dhluficif uftuc agfhdgfthehcish cgrusicif

 nirhflif kufic  
?.  Irtgr`ltria dhourhlih jhki idi cgrusicif viscukgr  
4.  Bhtufl dirib kgflcip BT auflchf agfhflcit itiu agfuruf.
ag furuf. 
B.  C`apkhcish

Agfurut _ykvhi ifd ]rhog (:==9), c`apkhcish yifl jhisifyi dhtgaucif iftiri
kihf >
9)  C`apkhcish Iwik
i)  Cgrusicif Irtgrh
]goibfyi irtgrh cirgfi triuai jhsi dhtifdih dgflif thdic idifyi fidh, OZT
agfuruf, oyif`shs jilhif dhstik, bgait`ai yifl kgjir, dif dhflhf pidi
gcstrhahtis yifl dhsgjijcif `kgb thfdicif gagrlgfsh spkhfthfl, pgrujibif
 p`shsh pidi yifl sicht, thfdicif rgducsh,
rgducsh, dif pgajgdibif.
 j)  C`apirtgagft _yfdr`a

C`apirtgagft _yfdr`a agrupicif c`apkhcish sgrhus yifl tgrnidh cirgfi

tgrngjicfyi `t`t, tukifl, sirie, dif pgajukub dirib dikia nirhflif pirut. Hfh
dhsgjijcif `kgb `gdgai itiu pgrdiribif yifl agfgcif `t`t, sirie, dif
 pgajukub dirib. _gkihf
_gk ihf htu cirgfi tgcifif dirh kuir sgpgrth lhps dif gajgjitif
yifl tgrkiku cuit.
o)  Eit Gaj`khsa _yfdr`a
Eit Gaj`khsa _yfdr`a (EG_) idikib c`apkhcish sgrhus yifl sgrhfl tgrnidh pidi
cisus erictur tukifl pifnifl. EG_ tgrnidh cirgfi sgk-sgk kgaic yifl dhbishkcif
 j`fg airr`w cufhfl aisuc cg ikhrif dirib dif agfygjijcif thflcit `cshlgf

dikia dirib rgfdib yifl dhtifdih dgflif liflluif pgrfieisif, tiobycirdh,

bypgrtgfsh, tiobypfgi, dgaia.
d)  Hfegcsh
_ystga pgrtibifif tujub rusic jhki idi triuai pidi nirhflif. ]idi triuai
`rtb`pgdho hfegcsh dhaukih pidi cukht (supgrehohik) dif aisuc cg dikia. Hfh
 jhisifyi tgrnidh pidi cisus erictur tgrjuci, tiph jhsi nuli cirgfi pgfllufiif
 jibif kihf dikia pgajgdibif sgpgrth phf dif pkit.
g)  Iviscukgr Fgcr`shs
Iviscukgr Fgcr`shs (IUF) tgrnidh cirgfi ikhrif dirib cg tukifl rusic itiu

tgrlifllu yifl jhsi agfygjijcif fgcr`shs tukifl dif

dif dhiwikh dgflif idifyi
U`kcaif‘s Hsobgahi. 
Hsobgahi. 

]r`pgsh Fgrs _thcgs ]ifrhti Busidi Jukucuaji Tibuf :=:= ]ilg <
 

e)  _b`oc
_b`oc tgrnidh cirgfi cgbhkiflif jifyic dirib dif agfhflcitfyi pgragijhkhtis
ciphkgr yifl jhsi agfygjijcif agfuruffyi `cshlgfish. Hfh jhisifyi tgrnidh
 pidi erictur.
:)  C`apkhcish Dikia \ictu Kiai

i)  Dgkiygd Wfh`f

Dgkiygd Wfh`f agrupicif cglilikif erictur jgrc`fs`khdish sgsuih dgflif
wictu yifl dhjutubcif tukifl uftuc agfyiajufl. Hfh dhsgjijcif cirgfi
 pgfurufif supih dirib cg tukifl.
tukifl.
 j)   F`fufh`f
 F`fufh`f agrupicif cglilikif erictur jgrcc`fs`khdish dif agapr`ducsh
siajuflif yifl kgflcip, cuit, dif stijhk sgtgkib 5-8 jukif. F`fufh`f dhtifdih
dgflif idifyi pgrlgricif yifl jgrkgjhb pidi shsh erictur yifl agajgftuc
sgfdh piksu itiu psgud`irtbr`shs. Hfh nuli dhsgjijcif cirgfi ikhrif dirib yifl

curifl.
o)  Aikufh`f
Aikufh`f agrupicif pgfygajubif tukifl dhtifdih dgflif agfhflcitfyi
thflcit cgcuitif dif pgrujibif jgftuc (dge`rahtis). Aikufh`f dhkicucif
dgflif pgajgdibif dif rgha`jhkhsish yifl jihc

]r`pgsh Fgrs _thcgs ]ifrhti Busidi Jukucuaji Tibuf :=:= ]ilg 2

 

I_WBIF CG]GZI\ITIF EZICTWZ

I.  ]gflcinhif
]r`sgs cgpgriwitif idikib cgriflci cgrni uftuc agajgrhcif pgkiyifif
cgpgriwitif yifl pr`egsh`fik dif jgrcuikhtis. ]r`sgs cgpgriwitif kiflsufl
agflirib pidi cglhitif cgpgriwitif yifl agkhputh pr`a`sh cgsgbitif,
 pgrkhfduflif cgsgbitif dif pgfoglibif pgfyicht (Dgj`ri,:=99).
]r`sgs cgpgriwitif agkhputh gapit tibip yihtusgjilih jgrhcut > 
i)  ]gflcinhif
]gflcinhif idikib kiflcib pgrtiai dikia jgrehchr uftuc agfgftucif
dhilf`si cgpgriwitif._gdiflcif agfurut C`zhgr (:=9=) pgflcinhif
agkhputh jgjgripi bik yifl jgrcgshfiajuflif yicfh pgfluapukif diti,
 pgfliturif diti, vikhdish diti sgrti pgfoititif diti (\hkchfs`f & Fifoy,
:=9:). 
9)  Jh`diti
Hdgfthtis ckhgf Fiai, uaur, ngfhs cgkiahf,
cgkiahf, stitus pgrciwhfif,
pgrciwhfif, iliai,
sucu/jiflsi, pgfdhdhcif, pgcgrniif, pgfdipitif, ikiait, dif f`a`r
rglhstgr.
:)  ]`ki Futrhsh
9.  Aicif jgrsubu gcstrga
:.  Agfluriflh pgdis, ikc`b`k, jgrkgaic, c`ph, o`ckit dif nus ngruc
?)  Khflcuflif
Dgflif idifyi khflcuflif yifl jgrshb aici diyi tibif tujub
 pgfdgrhti icif kgjhb jihc dirhpidi thfllik dh khflcuf
khflcuflif
lif yifl c`t`r.
4)  Zhwiyit cgsgbitif
i.  Cgkubif utiai
 j.  Zhwiyit cgsgbitif dibuku
Ipicib ckhgf pgrfib agflikiah pgfyicht sgrupi.
o.  Zhwiyit cgsgbitif sgcirifl
_gnic cipif cgkubif dhrisicif, jgripi kiai cgkubif tgrnidh,
 jilihaifi sheit dif bgjitfyi cgkubif, dhaifi cgkubif thajuk,
cgidiif ipi yifl agapgrjgrit dif agapgrhflif cgkubif.
d.  Zhwiyit cgsgbitif cgkuirli

]r`pgsh Fgrs _thcgs ]ifrhti Busidi Jukucuaji Tibuf :=:= ]ilg 8

 

Ipicib ifll`ti cgkuirli idi yifl agflikiah ngfhs pgfyicht

yifl siai.
7)  ]`ki cgsgbitif euflsh`fik agfurut L`rd`f
i.  ]`ki pgrsgpsh dif cgsgbitif
]ifdiflif ckhgf dif cgkuirli tgftifl pgfyicht dif pgfthflfyi

cgsgbitif jilh ckhgf dif cgkuirli sgrti upiyi ipi yifl dhkicucif
dikia agflitish aisikib cgsgbitiffyi.
 j.  ]`ki futrhsh dif agtij`khc
Jilihaifi p`ki futrhsh ckhgf sgjgkua dif sgkiai dhriwit, ipi
 p`rsh aicif ckhgf, ipicib sgkiku agflbijhscif p`rshfyi, ipicib
ckhgf agflikiah auik, auftib siit aicif, ipicib idi piftiflif
aicifif.
o.  ]`ki hsthribit dif thdur
Ipicib ckhgf agflikiah pgrujibif p`ki hsthribit thdur, jgripi

ergcugfsh thdur ckhgf.

d.  ]`ki pgrsgpsh sgfs`rh dif c`lfhthe
Jilihaifi pgrsgpsh ckhgf tgrbidip fygrh yifl dhrisicif dhucur
dgflif ]YZ_T.
] > Fygrh jgrtiajib siit icthvhtis dif jgrcurifl
jgrcurifl siit hsthribit .
Y > Fygrh dhrisicif sgpgrth ipi .
Z > Fygrh tgrnidh pidi digrib itiu k`cish aifi .
_ > Jgripi sciki fygrh yifl dhrisicif ckhgf
T > Fygrh dhrisicif hftgrahttgf itiu o`fthfug

g.  ]`ki icthvhtis dif kithbif

Jilihaifi icthvhtis ckhgf sgbirh-birh, ipi icthvhtis ckhgf.
e.  ]gagrhcsiif ehshc
9.  Cgidiif uaua > Kgaib itiu jihc
:.  Thflcit cgsidirif > O`ap`sagfths
?.  Tifdi-tifdi > TD > Bhp`tgfsh, ZZ > Tichpfgi, F > Tichcirdh, t >
Bhpgrtgfsh
4.  Cgpiki > Ags`obgpik
7.  Aiti > C`fnuflthvi ifgahs itiu thdic, sokgri hctgrhc
hctg rhc itiu thdic

5.  Didi itiu piru >

H > Jilihaifi cgajifl cgaphs didi, shagtrhs itiu thdic .

]r`pgsh Fgrs _thcgs ]ifrhti Busidi Jukucuaji Tibuf :=:= ]ilg 9=

 

]i > Jilihaifi stgraehahtus cifif chrh siai itiu thdic .

]g > ]gcic sgkurub kipifl piru itiu thdic .
Iu > _uiri o`rdhus tiapic itiu thdic
<.  Niftufl
H > Hotus o`rdhus tiapic itiu thdic.

]i > Hotus o`rdhus tgriji itiu thdic .

]g > C`fehlurish f`raik itiu thdic .
Iu > Tgrdipit suiri ijf`raik itiu thdic
2.  Ijd`agf
H > Ipicib idi pgajgsirif ijd`agf
]i > Dgflircif jhshfl usus
8.  Lgfgtikhi > Ipicib tgrpisifl citgtgr itiu thdic, jgrshb itiu thdic
.
9=.  Ifus > Ipicib idi bga`r`hd itiu thdic

J.  Dhilf`si Cgpgriwitif

Cgpgriwitif
Dhilf`si cgpgriwitif prg `pgrish erictur egaur yihtu >
9)   Fygrh jgrbujuflif dgflif
dgflif pgajgflcicif dif ha`jhkhsish.
:)  Zgshc` ]grdiribif jgrbujuflif dgflif tgrputusfyi pgajukub dirib vgfi
itiu irtgrh.
?)  Dgehsht pgriwitif dhrh jgrbujuflif dgflif cgbhkiflif cgaifdhrhif.
4)  Biajitif a`jhkhtis ehshc jgrbujuflif dgflif fygrh, pgajgflcicif, pr`sgdur
 pgajgdibif, sgrti idifyi ha`jhkhsish, jhdih, tricsh, lhps.
7)  ]grujibif ohtri dhrh dif birli dhrh jgrbujuflif dgflif diapic

auscuk`scgkgtik.

_gdiflcif Dhilf`si cgpgriwitif yifl aufouk pidi pishgf dgflif p`st

`pgrish erictur agkhputh>
9)   Fygrh jgrbujuflif dgflif tgrputusfyi nirhflif tukifl, lgricif erilagf
tukifl, gdgai dif ogdgri pidi nirhflif, ikit tricsh/haa`jhkhsish, strgss,
ifshgtis.
:)  Hft`kgrif icthvhtis jgrbujuflif dgflif dhspfgi, cgkgaibif/cgkgthbif, cgthdic
idgcuitif `cshlgfhsish.
?)  Liflluif pgreush nirhflif pgrhegr jgrbujuflif dgflif pgajgflcicif, ikit
yifl agflhcit, dif lifluif pgrgdirif dirib.

]r`pgsh Fgrs _thcgs ]ifrhti Busidi Jukucuaji Tibuf :=:= ]ilg 99

 

4)  Cgrusicif hftglrhtis cukht jgrbujuflif dgflif tgcifif, pgrujibif stitus

agtij`khc, cgrusicif shrcukish, dif pgfurufif shrcukish, dhjucthcif `kgb
tgrdipit kuci/ uksgrish, cgkgaibif, pgfurufif jgrit jidif, turl`r cukht juruc,
tygrdipit nirhflif fgcr`thc.
7)  Biajitif a`jhkhtis ehshc jgrbujuflif dgflif fygrh/cgthdicfyiaifif,

cgrusicif auscuk`sckgtik, tgriph pgajitisif icthvhtis, dif pgfurufif

cgcuitif/tibifif.
5)  Zgshc` hfegcsh jgrbujuflif dgflif stiths oihrif tujub, rgsp`f hfekiaish
tgrtgcif, pr`sgdur hfvishe dif nikur pgfusucif, kuci/cgrusicif cukht, hfshsh
 pgajgdibif.
<)  Curifl pgflgtibuif tgftifl c`fdhsh, pr`lf`shs dif cgjutubif pgfl`jitif
 jgrbujuflif dgflif cgtgrjitisif c`lfhthe, curifl tgrpinif/agflhflit, sikib
hftgrprgtish hfe`raish
O.  Hftgrvgfsh

Tunuif dif crhtgrhi

 F` Dhilf`si Hftgrvgfsh(fho)
bishk(f`o)

9 Fygrh icut _gtgkib dhkicucif isubif ]ihf Aifilgagft

 jgrbujuflif cgpgriwitif sgkiai ....x :4 9.  Kicucif pgflcinhif fygrh sgoiri
dgflif  nia fygrh ckhgf jgrcurifl, c`aprgbgfshe ( k`cish, cirictgrhsthc,
 pgajgflcicif dgflif crhtgrhi > durish, ergcugfsh,cuikhtis dif eict`r
dif ha`jhkhsish 9.  Aiapu agfl`ftr`k fygrh  pgshphtish)
(tibu pgfygjij fygrh, :.  @jsgrvish rgicsh f`f vgrjik dirh
aiapu agflluficif cgthdicfyiaifif
tgcfhc f`feiraic`k`lh ?.  Gvikuish pgflikiaif fygrh aisi kiku
uftuc agfluriflh fygrh 4.  C`ftr`k khflcuflif yifl dipit
.  Agkip`rcif jibwi fygrh agapgflirubh fygrh sgpgrth subu
 jgrcurifl dgflif ruiflif, pgfoibiyiif, cgjhshflif
agflluficif aifilgagf 7.  Inircif tgftifl tgcfhc pgrfieisif /
fygrh rgkicsish
.  Aiapu agflgfikh fygrh 5.  Jgrhcif ifiklgthc uftuc agfluriflh
(sciki, hftgfshtis, fygrh
ergcugfsh, dif tifdi fygrh

]r`pgsh Fgrs _thcgs ]ifrhti Busidi Jukucuaji Tibuf :=:= ]ilg 9:

 

.  Agfyiticif risi fyiaif

sgtgkib fygrh jgrcurifl
7.  Tifdi vhtik dikia rgftifl
f`ra
9.  ]iftiu tifdi dif lgniki pgrdiribif p`st
: Zgshc` _gtgkib dhkicucif iscgp
`pgrish.
]grdiribif .....x:4 nia pgriwit icif
:.  A`fht`r tifdi-tifdi vhtik
 jgrbujuflif gfiflifh itiu agfluriflh
?.  ]iftiu kij`rit
dgflif `apkhcish dirhpidi
4.  c`kij`rish uftuc
uftuc trifeush jhki tgrnidh
tgrputusfyi grdiribif
 pgrdiribif (bj ; 9= lr%)
 pgajukub
7.  C`kij`rish dgflif d`ctgr uftuc
dirib vgfi
tgriphfyi
itiu irtgrh.
5.  ]iftiu digrib yifl dhkicucif `pgrish

_gtgkib dhkicucif thfdicif 9.  Kicucif pgflcinhif c`aprgbgfshe

? Liflluif
cgpgriwitif sgkiai….. tgrbidip shrcukish pgrhegr
]greush
liflluif pgreush nirhflif :.  ]iftiu thflcit cgthdicfyiaifif itiu
 nirhflif
 pishgf tgritish dgflif fygrh siit agkicucif kithbif ehshc
 jgrbujuflif
crhtgrhi bishk> ?.  ]iftiu stitus oihrif tgraisuc isupif
dgflif
9.  _titus shrcukish3 ikhrif dif bikuirif
ikit yifl dirib yifl thdic `jstrucsh 4.  ]iftiu pgrjgdiif cgtiniaif itiu
agflhcit, dif dif situ irib, pidi cgtuapukif, pifis itiu dhflhf
lifluif tgcifif yifl sgsuih 7.  ]iftiu pirgstgshi, cgjis, cgsgautif,

 pgrgdirif agkikuh pgajukub dirib bhpgrgstgshi dif bhp`gstgshi

dirib.  jgsir shrcukish puka`fik 5.  ]iftiu tr`aj`ekgjhths dif tbr`aj`shs
dif shstgahc vgfi pr`eufdi
:.  ]greush nirhflif> pgrhegr3 <.  ]iftiu cgsgsuihif ikit pgfyiflli,
. cgidgcuitif ikhrif dirib  pr`stbgshs, sgpitu dif picihif
agkikuh pgajukub dirib
cgohk gcstrgahtis uftuc
agapgrtibifcif euflsh
 nirhflif

_gtgkib dhkicucif thfdicif 9.  Nili cgjgrshbif cukht ilir tgtip jgrshb
4 Cgrusicif

]r`pgsh Fgrs _thcgs ]ifrhti Busidi Jukucuaji Tibuf :=:= ]ilg 9?

 

hftglrhtis cukht cgpgriwitif sgkiai….. dif cgrhfl

 jgrbujuflif cgrusicif hftglrhtis cukht :.  A`jhkhsish pishgf (ujib p`shsh pishgf)
dgflif  pishgf tgritish dgflif sgthip dui nia sgcikh
crhtgrhi bishk> ?.  A`fht`r cukht icif idifyi cgagribif
tgcifif,
9.  Hftglrhtis cukht yifl jihc 4.  A`fht`r stitus futrhsh pishgf
 pgrujibif
 jhsi dhpgrtibifcif 7.  @jsgrvish kuci > k`cish, dhagfsh,
stitus
(sgfsish, gkisthshtis, cgdikiaif kuci, cirictgrhsthc,wirfi
agtij`khc,
tgapgritur, bhdrish, oihrif, lrifukish, nirhflif fgcr`thc,
cgrusicif
 phlagftish) tifdi-tifdi hfegcsh k`cik, e`raish
shrcukish, dif
:.  Thdic idi kuci/kgsh pidi trictus
 pgfurufif
cukht 5.  Inircif pidi cgkuirli tgftifl kuci dif
shrcukish,
?.  ]greush nirhflif jihc  pgriwitif kuci
dhjucthcif
4.  Aiapu agkhfduflh cukht <.  Kicucif tgbfhc pgriwitif kuci dgflif
`kgb tgrdipit
dif agapgrtibifcif stgrhk
kuci/ uksgrish,
cgkgajijif cukht dif
cgkgaibif,
 pgriwitif ikiah
 pgfurufif
7.  Agfufnuccif tgrnidhfyi
 jgrit jidif,
 pr`sgs pgfygajubif
turl`r cukht
kuci
 juruc,
tygrdipit
 nirhflif
fgcr`thc.

9.  A`fht`rhfl vhtik shlf sgjgkua itiu

7 Biajitif _gtgkib dhkicucif thfdicif
sgsudib kithbif dif khbit rgsp`f pishgf
a`jhkhtis ehshc cgpgriwitif sgkiai ...x:4
siit kithbif 
kithbif 
 jgrbujuflif  nia liflluif a`jhkhtis
.  C`fsuktishcif dgflif tgriph ehshc tgftifl
dgflif dgflif ehshc tgritish dgflif orhtgrhi
rgfoifi iajukish sgsuih dgflif
fygrh/cgthdicf bishk>  
bishk>
cgjutubif  
cgjutubif
yiaifif, 9.  Ckhgf agfhflcit dikia
.  Jiftu ckhgf uftuc agflluficif t`flcit
cgrusicif icthvhtis ehshc  
dif oglib tgrbidip ogdgri 
ogdgri 
auscuk`sckgtik .  Agflgrth tunuif dif
.  Inircif pishgf itiu tgfili cgsgbitif
, tgriph  pgfhflcitif a`jhkhtis 
a`jhkhtis 

]r`pgsh Fgrs _thcgs ]ifrhti Busidi Jukucuaji Tibuf :=:= ]ilg 94

 

 pgajitisif .  Agavgrjikhsishcif tgftifl tgcfhc iajukish 

iajukish 
icthvhtis, dif  pgrisiif dikia 7.  Cinh cgaiapuif pishgf dikia
 pgfurufif agfhflcitcif cgcuitif a`jhkhsish  
a`jhkhsish
cgcuitif/tibif dif cgaiapuif .  Kithb pishgf dikia pgagafubif
if.  jgrphfdib  
 jgrphfdib cgjutubif IDKs sgoiri aifdhrh sgsuih

cgaiapuif  
cgaiapuif

D.  Hapkgagftish
Hapkgagftish idikib tibip cggapit dirh pr`sgs cgpgriwitif . Tibip hfh aufouk
 nhci pgrgfoifiif yifl dhjuit dhipkhcishcif cgpidi ckhgf. Thfdicif yifl dhkicucif

auflchf siai, auflchf nuli jgrjgdi dgflif urutif yifl tgkib dhjuit pidi
 pgrgfoifiif . Ipkhcish yifl dhkicucif pidi ckhgf siit htu dif cgjutubif yifl pikhfl
dhrisicif `kgb ckhgf.
G.  Gvikuish 
Gvikuish idikib tibip cgkhai dirh pr`sgs cgpgriwitif. ]idi tibip hfh pgriwit
agajifdhflcif bishk thfdicif yifl tgkib dhkicucif dgflif crhtgrhi bishk yifl tgkib
dhtgtipcif sgrti agfhkih aisikib yifl tgritish sudib tgritish sgkurubfyi, bifyi
sgjilhif, itiu jibcif jgkua tgritish sgauifyi .  

]r`pgsh Fgrs _thcgs ]ifrhti Busidi Jukucuaji Tibuf :=:= ]ilg 97

 

DIETIZ ]W_TICI

Irhe Auttiqhf. :=99.  Jucu _icu Liflluif Aukscuk`scgkgtik Ipkhcish pidi ]ricthc Ckhfhc
 Cgpgriwitif.. Nicirti>GLO.
 Cgpgriwitif
Bgkah,^ihrhf F``r.:=9:. Jucu
 Jucu _icu Cgdiruritif Dh Jhdifl Jgdib @rt`pgdh.
@rt`pgdh.Nicirti>_ikgaji
Nicirti>_ikgaji
Agdhci. 
Bgrdaif,T Bgirtbgr.:=9?. FIFDI
 FIFDI Hftgrfith`fik Dhilf`shs Cgpgriwitif Dgehfhsh dif
 Ckishehcish.Nicirti>GLO.
 Ckishehcish. Nicirti>GLO. 
Nht`why`f`,_ulgfl.,\gfh crhsthyifh.:=9=. Isubif
 Isubif Cgpgriwitif ]`st
@pgrish.X`lyicirti>Fubi
@pgrish.X`lyicirti>Fubi Agdhci. 
C`wikic.,\gksb.,dif Aiygr.:=99. Jucu
 Jucu Inir ]it`ehsh`k`lh.Nicirti>GLO
]it`ehsh`k`lh.Nicirti>GLO 
 Fulr`b`,Tiueif.:=99.
 Fulr`b`,Tiueif.:=99. Isubif
 Isubif cgpgriwitif Aitgrfhtis, Ific, Jgdib dif ]gfyicht
 Dikia.X`lyicirti>Fubi
 Dikia.X`lyicirti>Fubi Agdhci. 
 Furirhe,Iahf Budi.,Birdbh Cusuai.:=97. Ipkhcish
 Ipkhcish Isubif Cgpgriwitif Jgrdisircif
 Dhilf`si Agdhs dif FIFDI
FIFDI.X`lnicirti>AgdhIoth`f.
.X`lnicirti>AgdhIoth`f. 
Zgfdy,A Okgv`.,Airlirgtb TB.:=9:. Isubif
 Isubif Cgpgriwitif Agdhcik Jgdib ]gfyicht
 Dikia.X`lyicirti>Fubi
 Dikia.X`lyicirti>Fubi Agdhci
]rhog _ykvhi Ifdgrsgf & K`rrihfg A. \hks`f. :==9.  ]itb`ehsh`k`lh > C`fsgp Ckhfhs ]r`sgs-
 pr`sgs ]gfyicht . Ikhb jibis > ]gtgr Ifulgrib. Gdht`r > Oir`khfg \hniyi. Jucu 9. Ogticif H.
Nicirti. 
Gdhsh 4. GLO. Nicirti. 

]r`pgsh Fgrs _thcgs ]ifrhti Busidi Jukucuaji Tibuf :=:= ]ilg 95