Camlin Page

Date

flou
Scbemattc Dia for poe r
(nenenatOn-Ilky,33
UKV, 33kv
Cneneralion

CetupAme4

Trongnisson DOO00 stepdouon xne

Dicli button
ep don
Xmer

10 the electrical poLDe dia,thhe

floLD
generated vLEae ae aOOV IkVA ,3.3kNA,
kVA a a3KVA.

The max. transmiGsion Vta inOL Cauntru

1C H65 KVA COr_ 400KVA). Tt may be
220kNA

1n the diststbution stage fe the dT

Consumêr their pmas be lkVA Supplu
tC LT CanSum.er theix mas_be að 400oV
r 1p 30 V AC Supply. (HT =Hiab tengion

As pes electrical flouo dia their ane

aaes
aenemation

Transmission_
Distribution
 Camlin Page
Date

n aeneration state he 2d Ac Jta io

aluaues genexated. fod_atteA qenexatioo i t is
pTOided to the i l p _ the Eetup_men-
o the iransmission Stage the ta 1s
Steppedup This Staqe 1 Tequixed to
minimize the magnitude CLment bu inCxeas.
na the
the Vta level. t_uill eSult_ in educed
Lze canducto S0 it_uuill be_eaSufr
ETainq the cOnductoz ro m the tower

The Last_Gtage S diGtribution after Gtep

doniransforomer the equired ta 1s
diotributed_ to the Yamioue cOnSumec_

EME eo X Mea

Avq yta induced ia Sinqle turn oF coil aS per

Faraday's La, (e db
dt
=Pm-O

4Pmf
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Date

Naltage induced
altage in thne conductoa.iD Rm

o mfactor x 40mf
Concepi X 4 dmt
T- / 4
( )
e 4:44 mf

Noltaae indwced in ptmamy_uinding

E h.44 émf N (2)

Noltagenduced in cecondanyDindita
LE2 4 4 Dmf Na 3)

ECfect of DC. Gupply oo Xme

the DC Supplthe magnitude s

Direction of the tlux 1S ConGtant and
fixed thexe aTe 0o flux leökkages
Cutting O t ux_oT changinq of_tlux
that 1S h u 1t the DC Vtq 1S
prOuided to the ilp_dt Xmerwindig-
the foaradauS aw ot
incducti6n uwill
electromaqnetic-
notbe pply2ta
wi_pat induce in Secondlam winding-
other hand,the XL (ndwctive
ceactunce) = 2TfL a, DC SURply
f -0
he
 Camlin Page
Date

the DC SUpply- enlu ReGistace

OpposseS he magnetude c TesiStance iS
vemu e s the ratedvta is
applied Opprox to primau windina of
Xmex leru lamge reat uwill flow fhroua.
Primaau wiodinq primam Lindinq will
DLKO X'me2 Neve operates onDC
SUPply
5-12-18

Tupe ot xme

Lansfor.mation Ratio (K)

Capocityc Q Xmen

Tupes Cf x'mer

a)Coxee tupe b GhelU Tupe-

fig fg (22)
2) Tothis Xmer the Psima-In thio Xmea the paimay
y Secondamu indina are Gecondany olndinq ane dene
alone an Seperate limba.. e Lcential imb

D tbis Xmer the)r ioalyio this Kmer the?r ismaio

e magDetic flux patb. Imagnetic fxpathis dividecio
 Camlin Page
Date

4Ia tkis Xmer the fault In thiS Xme fault

findingATepare shad
epCLAinq ivTr Simp

5) The cxe tupe Xmer a n e

Xmen are
10 sheu tupe mes are
lqenerally used
geneaaly uged fcr
Cument Applicat.
high Vtg Applications.bigh

h ene_cooliOg_of Ce, The ooling ofshel

beEtertupe Xmex1GpOc
type xmer iS

|heirt i S o o l s one nere s e 2

windauo in_ maanetic ludndlows in mageti
CCre. core

here ame tolloLding tupes Of Xmer

20

Accdinq to vtg leveb

a stepUp Xmer

thaunilp
I n thi Xmer olp
Vtqe. V> V).
hg- i MOTe

bSteP doun_Xme
in thisXmerOlp Vtq ic lesS tha-
ilp Ntq(N2Va)
Acccndin.a to COOGtruction:
a Coe upe Xmex
jt i Ghoudn in fiq ) .
 Camlin Page
Date

bSheu ype Kmen

t i a houon_io tiq no (2)._

Beru ype Xme

_ i s a multi ccse Specialu desiqnecd
Xmerin which maanetiC lux Punt
panta1e equal
to No of cCTeG

S A pe pmpoGei
a)Pounen Xmer
Cnenerally i t i a setup Xmere iS
USecdi0 rans misSion DluD.

D)Distribution Xmest
nenerally it is astep clauwn Xmeh sbich
16USed in dicivibution oluo.

AA pe coclinq
a )Ain COoled Xmer

bOiLCooled Xmea
GacG Cooled Xmer -
The Cosle me are acneally
Hen loLo tg loLo capacitu, Oflcoaled Xmer
genenally for high ta hiqh capacits
aas cooled xmer ane Aenerally Ney
hgh Ntq v e r u high capacity
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PUpose Cinstrumen
AS Pex CoeasuMing-

Xmer)
Cameot XmeL
a)CT qenerally used fe
tt i
meat of high AC curent.

b)PT CPotential xmer)i

qeneralls Usedte high_fc
i
Ntg meaSuTe ment-

a According to No. of_pbasesi =

a Xmer
ubich wxke oD 1 GUppy.

b) Ad mea
ubich DOTKS On 3 SUpply

Capaciis of Xmer

25
2

30 The
Capacity of_the xmer are
alwaye qivenia
inNA, KVA, MVA,etc.
 Camlin Page
Date

ideal
iodeal_ cag capaciku of Xmen i aG belou
ppoDeN olp poer

wheree t s the transtamation Tatio.

t2
E2
E
N2

1f K 1 1t 1S callecd Stepup Xme

1f k i , it16 called as stepdoun Am
N= ilp Jta
No= olp
E tq induced pTLMam_wiadinq
E Vkq induced in Cecondaru
NL No. of tunS fcrprimamy uhndinq-
NO
N2 No. of tuns_ Sor Secondam
1 ilp C U r e D t
12 Olp cument.
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Date

11-1a-18

Xmex Components

Xmea loSseS

Xme efficiency
A mer Requlation

To AVUC

me Componentg H
bUshing1
T BTeatc
15 buGhinq
Telcu Xme
tart
me
o11

20

windin

Maanéic Nuinofoa MAUing O Radiato

Co base
 Camlin Page
Date

The construction of n e a Compo.nents 4-

amangement G as Shauo0 in hiq. f
men thein ame follouina- the
thei unctioo Coopanents
a belaLO2
angfoxmex tank i
The
io
hold the Kmex
usdaing &magnetic.
Coe ioSide the Xmertank
b paide mechanicol protectan to
dmer Ddainq. the
h e xmer _Oil.
2 Xmer O
The fo S
prCalide Sufftdent_dielectsteal_
treath oxe inGulaton Reststmnce
bT6prCide Coalina o ihe xmer u2dar
increase the eiclency of the Xmea
3Maonetic Come-
a 1t iG fo
HV dq
magnetic_flux pcib beth Lv

Hy & wda
SLaundec to an On
the linnbs
ot maanetic CoeToTotakeco to qive the
Supply
b)Te HV mdq iG_ qneAallu nottaken
neam to the ccre due to follooing aSor
T6e nGulatioo
level 4 nsulation size
TeqUired for xmer wda w i l b e i
that Gize Gtthexmer & coSt cxmepr
 Camlin Page
Date

will increas. tro

taken
ane
Cnenexally tappingS
HyDdg s
the HV wda fthe difficulte to
inside t willbe ve
talke the tapping
5Bseathex
Fon? iG:
10 a )To T l i d e the resh
cir hstde
the and to pasS the
Xmea tank
Enalqasesohich ame induced due
to mincr faults

Radiata
a To ncmease the coalinq eticiency
of the Xmer

LTbuebinq
a Tapxaidethe lou tgSUPply to
the LV uda- of Xmec

HTHT bughingi
To take the to proide the
High Vta Gupply- to the Hv winding.c
Xmexs

CsaGemvator
Toproni.dethe extna xmer oil to-
mainoil level in the xXmer.
 Camlin Page
Date

Buckholz Relay: =
a At the time ot ioter ault
minor fault in the uda ttgies
alanm and prits the mer

Exploaton Nent
At the time_of_maicx ault larqe
atu ot gaseS amedeveloped in Xmer tank
these gases Axe_ paSsed to the atmosphee
by breakinq the disara diaphram.

12 O tap
Afte aaeing- to eplace. the xmex

Xnen oses i

anu upe of xner theme Te2

tupes of LoGeG.
20

bCoppen LoSS LUc)

25

a On Loss
iided tnto
HyetenisesLoss
Eddy Cument logs.
 Camlin Page
Oate

heae.
6
Ob B m a x x fx V

de =
n_822v
1g-12-18
10

XmeX loGseS
Xmer
mer Requlatton
whu Xmea s hiqh ?
Applicat of Xmer
AiL
day
whee = Maqne tic fLOx densit
Supply
V= Nolume
e
of_0oatesial
Material ConstaLot.
he Tron LoGs which ame combinatia
2 of
of HustericS ecloy CUeot loss to
minimize these losses the falloolog
Precaution are to be
takenb-
Always UGe high 4uality Of maqnetíc
omateial G0 that n_wil be less
To minimize cadyCument lasS thickness c
 Camlin Page
Date

amioationiG minimized
The I1n losses ase ConStant from
No load to doll load Sa called_ a s
Congtaot loGG

Coppen S
Ke Coppex loss (wc) ase taking
placeioto pima Seconcday winclinq
XmenK
Wc E T2R
LDhere I = laad CUmenE flowinq thrOLgh
the 7ima O SeCOndaY
uinoin.q
R Resistonce
Seconday uindinq

The oppes_loss aluaus depends uetOn

the load LUMet i the load iment is
le then copper loss will be less,if
alo ad Cment s MoTe theoCoppex loss
Luill be. mone that s why the Copper
loss i Called Vaviablee osS5
 Camlin Page
Date

100
Xmen Olp PuDes x
1lP Poce
xlo6
olp Pocnet
Olp P o o e r +tosses

o P Pouo er X lO0
W)
P o w e r + (uDct
OIp

X mex

He eficiency of he Xmer is th
1sratios OlppOLDeT the lp pcue
of the Xme

Fe betten quaits o Xmer thethe

n should alaauG be hiah 7t should be.
onear tolOo

Tdeal Xmea i

he 1deal Xmer i means the iron

25
locces coppea loSSes io. theX'mer
ame zemo (o) e whu etticiency is co
But practically its not possible
 Camlin Page
Date

|Why_Xmeex n i s always high as Compa

to anu othenTotatinq machine?

The Xmer 1S a Static macbine theme

1G noany other Totatinq paxt_that iG
whu omechanica & fiction losses ae
absent_C Ze Te whu n Xmer i
aluoauS hiqh aS Compaaed to ans othe
machines

* | Al_dau afXmer disttbutton Xmes)

Qlp_Pouder in O4 brs xloo

ip Powe io 4 bS

AlL daun olp Power in 24 brs. xloo

olP Powes in 24hs + (O +Wc)for2AhTS

Reaulation xner i
1 S the difemence beEh Ntq at
No load to the tg Qt full load
the Seconclar Side Xmer-

Nta- Req NFL xloO.

CRequlation down NL
uohese
VNL =Vtq at No Looad
VEL ytg-
Vta at full Load at Any Load)
SioilaAly
NtqReq
Reg Vau NEL
VFL
Regulation uP
 | Date

fo betterqualityof xmer
the
alwauys
b ealway
neast
neaAt

Kegulation
Should
O zena

pplica of Kmen

e Xmer
hinetrument ae-
CCI & P I ) .

A In weldinq Xme
&distibutianXmes,
powes_&
in poue
Foxfon
S u t e m DlO.

Tn tV A Radio_ckt.
battemu charqer ckt.
20

a f e r Solation Xmerte fsalate Cont

ckt & poneT ckt.

*Palaaits Test
be polaitu TeGt of_xme i
Tequined_ to Tdentifu the CCect temm
polarities f the Xmer
Additive TeSt
Io thes test the xme is
 Camlin Page
Date

0S Gboun in fiq & Nta acmass the

Temaininq termiaal_are measuxed.
ceno

220V

er. Nt metex willore ad E tE2 wil

be eqa to phager Summation of E
4SV._

Substxactivepolaiy Testi

al

E2
15V 250
inalS
The temoinalS C polarits f xme
30CTe connected as Shoun in tiq s o that
Gothat
emf ncucedlo Secondatu X primaTy dg-
both uDill be oppO to each othex Go vltmeter rfQd
cted
diffenence af E E2e E= E-E2
 Camlin Page
Date

QO-12-18|

Xmer_load Test
XomEN_
-OS /9. C_ t e s t _ On

of Xme
Specification
1nsulatton Temp ises_
Class of meter wI
Ps pen ck dia vt
Hs
sead 1GV.

Specification of_Xmer

the Xmer Specification follouia

painte a r e t o be conSides.

N o . Ot phase S

ltg psimar Vtg

5econdaay tg-
3Capacity VAlkVA JMVLA_
Curent
Amp
5Freq 50Hz) Hz
ClaGS of 1nsulation
 Camlin Page
Date

ATemp Tise
8 Ambient Temp (Rccm emp) °C
g ConnectionnG

0 Vector Caaoup
AA.
DLacation 1ostallatio0 ndoc loutdocs
Geside these name of ManufactLaina
company, manukacturinq yean tested date
ma be included i n the Gpecitication chat
6ermall claga od InGulat ton

No ClaGof tosulat:oeP rise Moteria la

g o c Cctton, silk,papaen d
PyC
A O5° cotton, Gilk, paps PV
Tubben ImpTegnatepp
coteon Silk, Papper PVC
E 20
obbeT, îimpreagrattd pape
Epoxlaesio
5. 13 0cIMica,alass,ashastos,
fi6ra, etc.

Mica, glaGS,ashestos,
fibra with Guhtable hondit
80 C Mica,alass, asbeatas,
Silicon Tesins, th suitablebor-

aboe180QMica,ceramic-
prcelain,glaGS uith
Suitable bonding.
 Camlin Page
Date

winding enameled c
c he Xme
generaly uSed.

wiTeS ame

t e s t _ D i a e c t loaclingtes!
xmer load
L6 Xmex.

DimmeN
A
A
AAAA Lww-/
99OV
AC
N upp
SV230V

Ss WIV 12 W2
No

20 2 0A
20

120
62
200
200

The COnnectioD Dia ig as ShowD ib-

tgththepreceGS.Cr
e the Dinect lcading
Staqe ON- 1 mes Sas belouo:
DTet HCcurat.

loadng DiSad- Consumption of Powe

moe
pooer1S Camlin Page
Date

Before Stastina.the main Slo a lamp

load chauld be zexo cs off and 4_the
po91tioD of_dimmer_Stat_Shauld be at zerc
Make 'aNthe Gupply.
3|change the position ofdimner ctat&
taclualu_ inCAeace_ t h e Ma upto
the psimam windinoa of l1SV to
10
Xmex.
4 MeaGae the a 12, w2, eadinas.-
5 TncCaease the load CUmend_1, 2 aqaio
doudn the readin.- take

ThiG precedume isaepeated to 5 to 6

meading b incneaginq he load umet
Calculaktongi
Ex_ePicienc of Xmer
OP Po u0e
ip Poude

So, calculade dor Evemu Teading

c Requlation

Reaulatton NNL=NEL IO.O

VNL
 Camlin Page
Date

YNL= first aeacina o f Seconda

V t ac t the x'meuhever
1 O.
vtq at_Geconclaryat_ee
VEL E The
loadcument_hichS decIEase

he qua latiton 1s_calllate eNEM

10

f c ranfomationaatio (k)

uWbere K calculateddc den everu_ eoclin

Caaph
The araph bet the load CUent,
_ equla tion i s plotted tti
25 ag Shawn n i

I2 00d curren
 Futl houO then
dUrina hauf load wl be showenir
Cafnlin age
250 e 4 Coz of TR 05 1 becom
-12-13 e

Open cKt_ 2 Shoxt ckt_est_an 1 x'me

A TA

AC
N E

2V
dimmes stat
OS ckt

AAA

80V V2
N

5V 230v
dimmer
Stat

S .C Ckt

or 1
No

OC tect S test