Write about the MAJOR SEA - PORTS OF INDIA - mention their ADVANTAGES and
ITEMS TO EXPORT AND IMPORT:
Answer -
SEA - PORTS ADVANTAGES
KOLKATA ● Largest dock facility.
● 3 riverine jetties.
● Riverine major port.
● Long navigational channel.
● Vast hinterland.
● Acts as the Gateway of
Eastern India.
● Largest river port of India.
PARADEEP ● Second deepest port of
India.
● Large mineral zone as
hinterland.
● Exports to Japan and
China.
● Hinterland is small Odisha.
VISAKHAPAT ● Deepest land - locked
NAM port.
● Commercial shipping.
● Ship building and
maintenance capacity.
CHENNAI ● Oldest artificial harbour.
● 2nd largest port.
● Large hinterland.
-By INDIRA SARKAR
ITEMS OF EXPORTING
AND IMPORTING.
Exporting items: Rice, jute,
steel coil, tamarind, cow
leather, aluminium wallets,
tea, coal, iron ore etc.
Importing items: crude oil,
machinery, paper, fertilizer,
chemical products.
Exporting items: Iron ore,
coal, dry cargo,
Importing items: chemicals.
Exporting items: iron ore of
Bailadiala mine to Japan,
manganese, spices, wood.
Importing items: mineral oil,
luxury items, chemical
products.
Exporting items: rice, textiles,
fertilizers, iron ore.
Importing items: crude oil,
paper, cotton, vehicles,
machinery.
TUTICORIN ● Also known as
V.O.Chidambaranar Port.
● Main purpose is to carry
out trade with Sri Lanka.
●
Southern Tamil Nadu is
the hinterland.
ENNORE ● Also known as Kamarajar
Port Limited.
● It is a coal port.
● Handles thermal coal
requirements of Tamil
Nadu.
● Satellite port of Chennai
relieves the pressure of
Chennai Port.
KOCHI ● Well developed and
handles a huge number of
exporting of cash crops.
● Hinterland lies in Kerala
and Tamil Nadu.
● Ship building centre.
● Protected by a backwater.
NEW ● 9th major port.
MANGALORE ● All weather port.
● Karnataka and Kerala as
hinterland.
MORMAGAO ● Protected by a backwater.
N ● Small hinterland.
MUMBAI ● Largest natural port.
● Handles one - fifth of
India’s foreign trade.
● Vast hinterland.
● Connected through a
dense network of roads
and rails.
The Gateway of India.
Exporting items: food grains,
sugar, iron - ore.
Importing items: chemical
products.
This is generally used as a
Coal Port.
Exporting items: tea, coffee,
spices.
Importing items:crude oil,
chemical fertilizers.
Exporting items: tea, coffee,
rice, cashew nuts, fish,
rubber, iron ore of kudremukh
mine.
Importing items: crude oil,
fertilizer, edible oils.
Exporting items: iron ore of
Goa, coconut, manganese,
cotton.
Importing items: few items
only.
Exporting items: textiles,
leather, tobacco, manganese,
chemical goods.
Importing items: crude oil,
superior quality cotton, latest
machines, drugs etc.
JAWAHARLAL ● Nhava Sheva Port / It handles bulk cargo.
NEHRU satellite port of Mumbai/
twin port of Mumbai.
● Relieves the pressure of
Mumbai port.
● High - tech port.
● Container terminal.
KANDLA ● First port developed soon Exporting items: textiles,
after India got agricultural products, Sugar
independence. and woolen materials.
● Reduced the Importing items:crude oil,
volume of traffic on superior quality cotton,
● Mumbai port. chemicals.
● Tidal port.
Caters exports and
imports of highly
productive granary
and industrialised
states.
Haldia ● Satellite port of Kolkata Exporting items: agricultural
relieves the congestion of products, petrochemical
Kolkata port. products.
● Riverine port. Importing items: crude oil,
● It has an oil refinery and petroleum products.
fertilizer factories.