A

PROJECT REPORT

On

EVENT MANAGEMENT
A detailed Research And study done in

Tokyo Olympic 2020

Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the award of degree of Bachelor of
Commerce (B.com) under Punyashlok Ahilyadevi Holkar Solapur University, Solapur.

Submitted by

Hajaratbal Badsah Shaikh

B.com III

Roll No. 1518

C.S.N.C. Solapur.

Batch : 2016-2022

Punyashlok Ahilyadevi Holkar Solapur University. Dnyanteerth Nagar, Kegaon,

Solapur-Pune National Highway, Solapur- 413255, Maharashtra (India).
 DECLARATION
This is to certify that I have completed a Project tit "EVENT MANAGEMENT” in the partial
fulfillment of the requirement for the award of Bachelors Commerce (B.com) Punyashlok
Ahilyadevi Holkar Solapur University, Solapur. This is an original piece of work & I have
not submitted it earlier elsewhere.
  Introduction
The 2020 Summer Olympics (Japanese: 2020 年夏季オリンピック, Hepburn: Nisen Nijū-nen Kaki Orinpikku),
officially the Games of the XXXII Olympiad,  (第三十二回オリンピック競技大会, Dai Sanjūni-kai Orinpikku Kyōgi
Taikai) and branded as Tokyo 2020 (東京 2020, Tōkyō Nii Zero Nii Zero), was an international multi-sport event held from
23 July to 8 August 2021 in Tokyo, Japan, with some preliminary events that began on 21 July. Tokyo was selected as
the host city during the 125th IOC Session in Buenos Aires, Argentina, on 7 September 2013. The Games were originally
scheduled to take place from 24 July to 9 August 2020, but due to the COVID-19 pandemic affecting across the globe in
March 2020, the event was postponed to 2021, the first such instance in the history of the Olympic Games (previous
games had been cancelled but not rescheduled). However, the event retained the Tokyo 2020 name for marketing and
branding purposes. It was largely held behind closed doors with no public spectators permitted due to the declaration of a
state of emergency in the Greater Tokyo Area in response to the pandemic, the first and so far only Olympic Games to be
held without official spectators. The Games were the most expensive ever, with total spending of over $20
billion. The Summer Paralympics were held between 24 August and 5 September 2021, 16 days after the completion of
the Olympics.

The 2020 Games were the fourth Olympic Games to be held in Japan, following the 1964 Summer
Olympics (Tokyo), 1972 Winter Olympics (Sapporo), and 1998 Winter Olympics (Nagano). Tokyo became the first city in
Asia to hold the Summer Games twice. The 2020 Games were the second of three consecutive Olympics to be held
in East Asia, following the 2018 Winter Olympics in Pyeongchang, South Korea and preceding the 2022 Winter
Olympics in Beijing, China. Due to the one-year postponement, Tokyo 2020 was the only Olympic Games to have been
held in an odd-numbered year and the first Summer Olympics since the 1900 Games to be held in a non-leap year.

New events were introduced in existing sports for 2020, including 3x3 basketball, freestyle BMX and mixed
gender team events in a number of existing sports, as well as the return of madison cycling for men and an introduction of
the same event for women. New IOC policies also allowed the host organizing committee to add new sports to
the Olympic program for just one Games. The disciplines added by the Japanese Olympic
Committee were baseball and softball, karate, sport climbing, surfing and skateboarding, the last four of which made their
Olympic debuts, and the last three of which will remain on the Olympic program. [10]
The United States topped the medal count by both total golds (39) and total medals (113), with China finishing
second by both respects (38 and 89). Host nation Japan finished third, setting a record for the most gold medals and total
medals ever won by their delegation at an Olympic Games with 27 and 58. Great Britain finished fourth, with a total of 22
gold and 64 medals. The Russian delegation competing as the ROC finished fifth with 20 gold medals and third in the
overall medal count, with 71 medals. Bermuda, the Philippines and Qatar won their first-ever Olympic gold
medals. Burkina Faso, San Marino and Turkmenistan won their first-ever Olympic medals.
  Type Of Event

 Types Of Events Held In Tokyo Olympic 2020

 Aquatics  Boxing  Football  Shooting

o Artistic swimming  Canoeing  Golf  Skateboarding
o Slalom  Gymnastics  Sport climbing
o Diving
o Sprint Artistic
o
o Marathon swimming  Surfing
 Cycling o Rhythmic
o Swimming o BMX freestyle o Trampoline  Table tennis
o Water polo o BMX racing  Handball  Taekwondo
o Mountain biking Tennis
 Archery  Judo 
o Road cycling
 Athletics o Track cycling  Karate  Triathlon
 Badminton  Equestrian o Kata  Volleyball
o Kumite o Volleyball
 Baseball o Dressage
o Eventing  Modern o Beach volleyball
o Baseball
o Jumping pentathlon  Weightlifting
o Softball
 Fencing  Rowing  Wrestling
 Basketball o Freestyle
o Basketball
 Field hockey  Rugby sevens
o Greco-Roman
o 3×3 basketball  Sailing
  Background / History

The ancient Olympic Games were primarily a part of a religious festival in honor of Zeus, the father of
the Greek gods and goddesses. The festival and the games were held in Olympia (see 'Did you know' in the
glossary), a rural sanctuary site (model shown here, courtesy of the British Museum) in the western
Peloponnesos.

The Greeks that came to the Sanctuary of Zeus at Olympia shared the same religious beliefs and
spoke the same language. The athletes were all male citizens of the city-states from every corner of the Greek
world, coming from as far away as Iberia (Spain) in the west and the Black Sea (Turkey) in the east.
The sanctuary was named in antiquity after Mt. Olympos (see 'Did you know' in the glossary), the
highest mountain in mainland Greece. In Greek mythology, Mt. Olympos was the home of the greatest of the
Greek gods and goddesses.
The ancient Olympic Games began in the year 776 BC, when Koroibos, a cook from the nearby city of
Elis, won the stadion race, a foot race 600 feet long. The stadion track at Olympia is shown here. According to
some literary traditions, this was the only athletic event of the games for the first 13 Olympic festivals or until
724 BC. From 776 BC, the Games were held in Olympia every four years for almost 12 centuries. Contrary
evidence, both literary and archaeological, suggests that the games may have existed at Olympia much earlier
than this date, perhaps as early as the 10th or 9th century BC.
  Location/place

In February 2012, it was announced that former Tokyo's National Stadium, the central venue for the 1964
Summer Olympics, would undergo a ¥100 billion renovation for the 2019 Rugby World Cup and the 2020 Summer
Olympics. In November 2012, the Japan Sport Council announced it was taking bids for proposed stadium designs.
Of the 46 finalists, Zaha Hadid Architects was awarded the project, which would replace the old stadium with a new
80,000-seat stadium. There was criticism of the Zaha Hadid design—which was compared to a bicycle helmet and
regarded as clashing with the surrounding Meiji Shrine—and widespread disapproval of the costs, even with
attempts to revise and "optimize" the design.

In June 2015, the government announced it was planning to reduce the new stadium's permanent
capacity to 65,000 in its athletics configuration (although with the option to add up to 15,000 temporary seats for
football) as a further cost-saving measure. The original plans to build a retractable roof were also scrapped. As a
result of public opposition to the increasing costs of the stadium, which reached ¥252 billion, the government
ultimately chose to reject Zaha Hadid's design entirely and selected a new design by Japanese architect Kengo
Kuma. Inspired by traditional temples and with a lower profile, Kuma's design had a budget of ¥149 billion. Changes
in plans prevented the new stadium from being completed in time for the 2019 Rugby World Cup as originally
intended. National Stadium was inaugurated on 21 December 2019 and is named Olympic Stadium during 2020
Olympic Games

Of the 33 competition venues in Tokyo, 28 are within 8 kilometers (5 miles) of the Olympic Village, with
eleven new venues which were constructed, On 16 October 2019, the IOC announced that there were plans to re-
locate the marathon and racewalking events to Sapporo for heat concerns. The plans were made official on
1 November 2019 after Tokyo Governor Yuriko Koike accepted the IOC's decision, despite her belief that the events
should have remained in Tokyo.
 Time And Duration

After the opening ceremony, the Games take place over 16 days. Some events,
particularly team events, stretch over almost the entire Games. Others cover briefer periods: Swimming
and gymnastics, for example, are mostly held in the first week, track and field in the second.

When is gymnastics?
Let’s start translating time zones: Men’s competition starts in the evening of July 23, U.S. time, with the women
beginning the next day. The men’s team final is at 6 a.m. Eastern time on July 26 and the women’s final at 6:45
a.m. Eastern on July 27.

The men’s individual all-around final starts at 6:15 a.m. Eastern on July 28. Simone Biles is expected to
compete for a second straight all-around gold medal in the women’s final at 6:50 a.m. Eastern on July 29.
(See? Quite an early wake-up call for West Coast fans.)Individual apparatus finals are held over the following
three days.

When is swimming?
The first final is at 9:30 p.m. on July 24, Eastern time. Finals continue every day through the evening of July
31.

When is track and field?

Qualifying begins in the evening of July 29, U.S. time. The women’s 100 meters will be held on the morning of
July 31, U.S. time, and the men’s 100, without the retired Usain Bolt, on Aug. 1.

The marathons, which have been moved to Sapporo, Japan, where it won’t be as hot, start at 6 p.m. Eastern
on Aug. 6 for the women and on Aug. 7 for the men.

When are the basketball and soccer finals?

The men’s basketball final tips off at 10:30 p.m. Eastern on Aug. 6 and the women’s final is 24 hours later.
There is also a new three-on-three basketball tournament at the Games, with the men’s and women’s finals on
the morning of July 28, U.S. time.
The women’s soccer final is at 10 p.m. Eastern on Aug. 5. The men’s final is Aug. 7 at 7:30 a.m. Eastern.

When are tennis and golf?

Tennis runs from July 23 (U.S. time) to Aug. 1, with finals in singles and doubles from July 30 to Aug. 1.

Men’s golf comes first, beginning late on July 28 U.S. time and finishing in the early hours of Aug. 1. Women’s
golf runs Aug. 3 to 7, U.S. time.

What are some of the new sports?

Karate, surfing, sport climbing and skateboarding are making their debuts at the Games, and baseball and
softball are returning after a 13-year absence. There are a few new events in some of the traditional sports,
too.

When are the new sports being held?

After three days of preliminaries, the surfing finals are scheduled to be held on July 27 starting at 7 p.m.
Eastern. But because competition may be delayed by wave conditions, there are additional days built in, and
the event might finish as late as Aug. 1.

Sport climbing will be held Aug. 3 to 6. Skateboarding events will be held July 24 and 25 (U.S. time) and Aug. 3
and 4. The karate finals will be Aug. 5, 6 and 7.

When do the Olympics end?

The final events will be held on Sunday, Aug. 8, and the closing ceremony is to take place that evening at 8
o’clock in Tokyo, which is 7 a.m. Eastern time and 4 a.m. Pacific time.

When are the Paralympics?

The Paralympics will open on Tuesday, Aug. 24, and end on Sunday, Sept. 5.

Where can I find a full Olympics schedule?

Here, from the Tokyo Olympics site. The events are listed in Tokyo time, so here’s a handy converter.
 Objective Of Event
One of the key legacy objectives of Tokyo 2020 has been to use the Games as an opportunity to
increase sports participation among Tokyo residents. The aim has been to ensure that at least 70 per cent of
the city's adults practise sport at least once a week.

The 24 case studies, accompanied by multimedia content, are part of the Tokyo 2020 legacy reporting
framework, which aims to document the legacy of the Games. The framework is in line with the International
Olympic Committee (IOC)’s legacy approach, introduced as part of Olympic Agenda 2020, which aims to
ensure that it is the Games that adapt to their hosts and hosts’ needs, and not the other way around.

With Olympic Agenda 2020, we have drastically changed our approach to staging the Olympic Games,”
said Tania Braga, Head of Legacy at the IOC. “Our primary objective is to ensure that the Games create long-
term benefits that help hosts advance their sustainable development objectives. This has been very well
reflected here in Tokyo.”

In 1964, the Metropolitan Expressway and the Tokaido Sanyo Shinkansen were built, as well as
infrastructure to help Japan re-build from the post-war destruction. That was the symbol of the Games,” said
Akira Tanaka, Senior Director at the TMG. “This time, at Tokyo 2020, we have been introducing initiatives to
make qualitative changes to the city of Tokyo. Safety and security, urban development, sport and health –
these are the topics for the legacy of these Games.”
 Orgnizer
The Tokyo Organising Committee of the Olympic and Paralympic Games (公益財団法人東京オリ
ンピック・パラリンピック競技大会組織委員会, Koueki Zaidanhōjin Tōkyō Orinpikku Pararinpikku Kyōgitaikai
Soshiki Iinkai) (TOCOG) is the organisation responsible for overseeing the planning and development of
the 2020 Summer Olympic and Paralympic Games.

Formation

The Organising Committee was launched on 24 January 2014, and is composed of members of the
Japanese Olympic Committee, the Japanese Paralympic Committee, the Tokyo Metropolitan Government, the
Japanese government, as well as members of various other organisations and individuals from various fields. It
was spearheaded by former Prime Minister Yoshirō Mori until his resignation in 2021, with Toshirō Mutō as
Director General (CEO) and former Prime Minister Shinzō Abe as its Supreme Advisor.

Mori offered his resignation as head of the committee on 12 February 2021 following remarks he made
during a meeting the previous week that were regarded as sexist. On 18 February, seven-time Olympian and
LDP lawmaker Seiko Hashimoto was introduced as the committee's new president. Hashimoto is the first
woman to head the TOCOG.

Prior to assuming the post of committee president, Hashimoto served on the Japanese Cabinet as
Minister of State for the Tokyo Olympic and Paralympic Games. LDP lawmaker Tamayo Marukawa was
selected to succeed Hashimoto in the Cabinet role.
 Sponsor
2020 Summer Olympics marketing was a long running
campaign that began when Tokyo won its bid to host the games
in 2013.
Corporate sponsorship and advertising[
As of 2015 total sponsorship for the 2020 Games reached approximately $1.3 billion, setting an Olympics
record (the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing attracted $1.2 billion).[14]
Sponsors[
Sponsors of the 2020 Summer Olympics [15] hide

 Airbnb
 Alibaba Group
 Atos
 Bridgestone
 The Coca-Cola Company
 Dow Inc.
 General Electric
Worldwide Olympic Partners
 Intel Corporation
 Omega SA
 Panasonic
 Procter & Gamble
 Samsung Electronics
 Toyota
 Visa Inc.
 Asahi Group Holdings
 Asics Corporation
 Canon Inc.
 Eneos Holdings
 Fujitsu
 Lixil Group
 Meiji Holdings
Golden Partners  Mitsui Fudosan
 Mizuho Financial Group
 NEC Corporation
 Nippon Life
 NTT Corporation (NTT Docomo)
 Nomura Holdings
 Sumitomo Mitsui Financial Group
 Tokio Marine
 Airweave 
Official Partners  Ajinomoto
 All Nippon Airways
 ALSOK 

Official Sponsors and Suppliers
 The Asahi Shimbun
 Cisco Systems
 Dai Nippon Printing
 Daiwa House
 Earth Corporation 
 EF Education First
 Hisamitsu Pharmaceutical
 Japan Airlines
 Japan Airport Terminal
 Japan Post Holdings
 JTB Corporation
 JR East
 Kikkoman Corporation
 KT-CT Holdings
 Mainichi Shimbun
 Mitsubishi Electric
 Narita International Airport Corporation
 The Nikkei
 Nissin Foods Holdings
 Recruit Holdings
 Sankei Shimbun
 Secom
 Tobu Top Tours
 Tokyo Gas
 Tokyo Metro
 Toppan
 Toto Ltd.
 Yamato Holdings
 Yomiuri Shimbun
 Aggreko
 Alphabet Inc. (Google Japan G.K.)
 AOKI Holdings
 Boston Consulting Group
 ECC
 Ernst & Young
 Hokkaido Shimbun
 Kadokawa Corporation (Kadokawa Future Publishing)
 Kokuyo
 Marudai Foods
 Morisawa Inc.
 Nomura Kōgei
 Park24
 Pasona
 Shimizu Corporation
 Tanaka Holdings
 Technogym
 Tokyo Skytree
 Z Holdings (Yahoo! Japan)
 Financial Information
Tokyo 2020 estimates Olympics and Paralympics cost of $13.6 billion
and claims savings on 2020 estimate
Tokyo 2020 has estimated the rescheduled Olympic and Paralympic Games cost $13.6 billion (£10.2
billion/€12 billion), with organisers claiming a reduction of $1.8 billion (£1.3 billion/€1.6 billion) on their 2020
figure.

The version-five budget released by Tokyo 2020 last December estimated the Games would cost $15.4
billion (£11.39 billion/€13.2 billion).
The new figure included the costs associated with the postponement of the Games to 2021 due to the
COVID-19 pandemic, as well as a reduction in expenses arising from simplification measures introduced.
Tokyo 2020 says the current estimated figure stands at $13.6 billion.
Tokyo 2020 was set to cost around $13 billion (£9.7 billion/€10.8 billion) before the Games were
postponed in March 2020.
Japan originally estimated the Games would cost $7 billion (£5 billion/€6 billion) when it won its bid to host
the Olympics and Paralympics in 2013, being elected ahead of Istanbul and Madrid.
The latest figure incorporates the Organising Committee budget, as well as the budgets of the Tokyo
Metropolitan Government and the Government of Japan.
A reduction of $1.8 billion (£1.3 billion/€1.6 billion) was reportedly achieved through "efforts to curb
expenditures, including simplification, and a review of contracts associated with events with no
spectators".
Organisers confirmed the loss on ticket sales was estimated to be around $800 million (£600 million/€705
million).
There had been concerns the lack of ticket revenue could push the Games into a deficit, which could have
led to increased costs for the Tokyo Metropolitan Government and the Japanese Government.
Tokyo 2020 has claimed the reductions in both revenue and expenses were balanced.
Tokyo 2020 says the Japanese Government's share of the overall cost will be $300 million (£225
million/€265 million) below the figure budgeted in the version-five budget, while the Tokyo Metropolitan
Government's portion is expected to be $700 million (£525 million/€618 million) less.
"This estimate is based on the current status of the execution of the budget, and it incorporates the
cost of removal and restoration of temporary structures at competition venues and the review of contracts
based on the number of spectators," Tokyo 2020 said.

"Tokyo 2020 will continue to make every effort to reduce costs and secure revenues, and will further
clarify all details of the Games' expenses."
Tokyo 2020 confirmed an agreement had been reached with the Tokyo Metropolitan Government and the
Japanese Government over expenses related to the postponement of the Games.
The agreement is separate from a previous cost-sharing arrangement between the parties agreed prior to
the postponement.Tokyo 2020 said it will "continue to clarify the financial results of the Games expenses
and will be accountable for the execution of expenses for the collaborated projects".
 Conclusion

IOC President declares the Games of the 32nd Olympics closed. To athletes: "You inspired us with this
unifying power of sport. This was even more remarkable given the many challenges you had to face because
of the pandemic." "The Olympic Games Tokyo 2020 are the Olympic Games of hope, solidarity, and peace."

2020 Summer Olympics closing ceremony

The closing ceremony of the 2020 Summer Olympics took place in the Olympic Stadium in Tokyo for
about two and a half hours from 20:00 (JST) on 8 August 2021. The closing ceremony of the Olympic
Games, which was postponed for one year due to the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, was held
without spectators. The scale was also reduced compared to past ceremonies as athletes were required
to leave the Olympic Village 48 hours after their competitions finished.
The proceedings combined the formal ceremonial closing of this international sporting event (including
closing speeches, the parade of athletes and the handover of the Olympic flag) with an artistic spectacle
to showcase the culture and history of the current and next host nation (France) for the 2024 Summer
Olympics in Paris.  The theme of the Olympic Ceremonies was Moving Forward, referencing the COVID-
19 pandemic, with the closing ceremony theme being Worlds we share.
The closing ceremony was largely pre-recorded with some live segments Performers adhered to social
distancing measures during the live portions. The ceremony gave a chance for athletes to experience a
day in a Tokyo park, included a "moment of remembrance", featuring cultural dances and folk songs from
the three national ethnic groups of Japan, and had references to the 1964 Summer Olympics.