Topic 1: Should examinations be replaced with other forms of assessment?
AFFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE
1 PRESSURE OF TRADITIONAL EXAMINATION:
With examinations, student must under pressure from
numerous sides such as family expectations, scores, teachers,
classmates or rank.
+ Students always want to get high marks and be the top
students because they want to praised by another student as
well as their family.
+ Besides, there are many students learn day and night, extra-
curricular homework, learn after school or on Saturday in
order to keep up with their classmates.
+ This is very unhealthy to their mental health and cause
immense tension.
+ (You can find in the newspaper that students commit suicide
because their pressure from examinations is unbearable.
 Thus, I think that examinations can be created more
stress for students during growing up in the educational
environments.
Evidence:
- According to the poll carried out by the National
Education Union in 2018, more than half (56%) of
school staffs said that youngsters had been self-
harming or thinking of self-harming because of mental
health issues from testing and exams.
Refute:
- student must under pressure from numerous sides such as
family expectations, scores, teachers, classmates or rank.
- Stress also can create the motivation for the students
during learning with their classmate and their result can be
improved.
- Student: will be familiar with stress because they will
face more stress in the future may be from family, friend,
workplace. Stress usually exist everywhere, maybe not only in
study. Thus in the future they won’t be shock with pressure.
Topic 2: Are selective schools better for children? Selective
entry high schools should be funded by the government?
AFFIRMATIVE
1 MOTIVATION:
Selective entry high school is supported by government in
order to provide a nurturing and challenging environment
for high-achieving students.
 Students choose the selective high school with aim to
focus on learning: because 10 percent of the student
body that was only at school to cause disruption.
ASSESSMENT STANDARD:
- They are more advanced than other assessments.
- Exams at the end of the year are given so the
teachers can understand if the students
understood the materials throughout the school
year. Depending on how the students do on the
exam, tells the teachers what the students did or
didn't learn.
- What the teachers put on the exams, is the
material that the students should know and that
may give them the advantage of getting a good
score. Teachers usually use the exams do they can
determine whether or not the student should be
able to pass the grade or not.
Evidence:
 Dr. Carol Utay says that "examinations are
designed to help out students fill the gaps, help
them become their best and motivate students
to study harder.”
Refute:
- Your point is about Assessment standard.
- You said that the examination is better than the
other forms of assessments. If the teachers give
the students a different assessment that doesn't
include all the information they should know
during the program, that doesn't really give the
teachers the progress of the student. And you give
an example that examination can help student
become best and motivate them to study harder.
- But your evidence didn’t convince us because it
has no date and no specific data. So we disagree
with your point.
NEGATIVE
PRESSURE:
- Selective schools are highly competitive
environments.
- the highly competitive environment can come at a
cost if the pressure isn’t handled well.
- when a students’ self-worth is tied to their
achievements, the pressure to succeed in every part
 (according to Glenn Watson, high school teacher, Jul 18
2016). Thus in the selective high school, they will have
effective environment to study.
 Thus they create the best and brightest competing for
students as well as motivate them work harder. So that
they can achieve strong results, improve themselves as
well as their score. And they will also be inspired by
their classmates and try to best in working.
 Evidence:
An average of 73% of students in NSW’s fully selective
schools came from the highest quarter of socio-
educational advantage (SEA) in 2016. The SEA is based
on factors shown to have an impact on students’
educational outcomes, such as parents’ occupation
and education.
REFUTE:
- Selective school is supported by government in order to
provide a nurturing and challenging environment for
high-achieving students.
- Competition between students can result in the bad
effect in students’ health: Students will feel exhausted
and tired for overworked.
- Besides, Student who study in selective schools will
have bad attitudes with others:
They started to be arrogant and act contemptuously of
others whereas those who can’t enter their dream
schools might experience a feeling or inferiority.
Topic 3: Should same-sex marriage be
legal?
AFFIRMATIVE
1 HUMAN RIGHT:
Everyone in the world also has the right to happiness and to
pursue it. Marriage is a happy ending with people and they
deserve to have chance to marry who they want. The
community should not intervene in the private of everyone.
Not only should same-sex marriage be allowed but equal
rights should also be given as well.
Evidence:
Article 16 of Universal Declaration of Human Rights
guarantees: “Men and women of full age without any
limitation due to race, nationality or religion… all have the
rights to marry and find a family. They are entitled to equal
rights as to marriage, during marriage and at its
dissolution.
Refute:
- About human right.
- Everyone in the world also has the right to happiness
and to pursue it.
- same-sex marriage should be allowed and equal rights
should also be given as well.
of school life will become worse. Because students
at selective schools always cope with a fast-paced
curriculum or punish if they don’t have good results,
which leads to students’ stress or depression.
- Evidence:
According to Zing News, recently, a seventh-grader
in a selective Secondary School committed suicide in
the classroom. She leaves two letters to apologize to
her friends for now unable to join in studying,
playing with friends again, and the recent decrease
in academic results when she has not achieved the
expected results of her parents and teachers.
Refuse:
- Your point is about the pressure on student.
- And you said that studying at selective school can
bring higher competitive environment and can give
more pressure on student.
- But we don’t agree with your point. Because your
evidence has no date, and It is not fair for the
majority in a class to have their lessons ruined by
troublemakers. Those that want and have the
potential to learn should be allowed the chance to
be educated properly. And moreover, there are
many cases of students studying in public schools
commit suicide due to pressure, not only by
selective school.
NEGATIVE
CHILDREN:
- Same-sex marriage shouldn’t be legal. marriage is
for procreation and should not be extended to
same sex couples because they cannot produce
children together. It requires both a female and a
male to have a baby.
- Allowing same sex marriage will only further shift
the purpose of marriage from producing and raising
children to adult satisfaction.
Evidence:
Russell, a philosophy won Nobel prize said that “The
first purpose of marriage is procreation. Because of
children, sexual relations become important to
society’’
Refute:
- Your point is about children and you said that same-
sex marriage shouldn’t be legal because same sex
people who get marriage can’t produce children
 Marriage has been understood as the union or compulsory
legal contract between a man and a woman for millennia.
And same-sex people don’t need to be keep to those rules
while new laws and institutions may be created to
accommodate their civil requests, without upsetting
traditions and the people who support them. They will live
more comfortable without strict marriage contract. Not
oblidge
2
Topic 4: Are beauty contest harmful?
AFFIRMATIVE
1 PRESSURE:
- Joining in the beauty contest, the candidates will
suffer many pressure in many aspects such as:
Physical, behavior, winner, maintenance health.
- Every gesture of their action is very careful, from the
smallest actions inside to the speeches the media.
- They must maintain their body as well as their beauty
more and more perfect.
Evidence:
Miss Ky Duyen-Miss Vietnam 2014, she has suffered many
criticisms from the public for her impolite sleeping posture
on the plane.
Refute:
PRESSURE
- Joining in the beauty contest will suffer many pressure
in many aspects.
Beauty contest becomes the motivation for every girl or
women to maintain and care their beauty and help them
remove the weakness complex about themselves
Moreover, it can help young girl find their own value as
well as prove their talent in the life.
TOPIC 5: SHOULD MOTHERS STAY AT HOME TO RAISE THEIR
CHILDREN?
AFFIRMATIVE
1 CARE:
- As early childhood is the most formative period of
development for a child. It is important that a mother
has as much time to devote to her children as
together.
- But we don’t agree with your point because today
this problem can be easily to solved by adopt a child
or scientific medical advances. And your evidence
has no date so it not convinces us.
NEGATIVE
MOTIVATION:
- Beauty contests should not be banned because it is
a big opportunity & motivation for young girls to
show their skills in front of a TV audiences.
- The beauty contests provide a platform to a number
of young girls to show their talents and at the same
time, it also provides a motivation to take part at the
stage. In this way, these beauty contests not only
make the participants proud but also make they
have more confident.
- It encourages young women and girls to have the
ambition to dream of something and be good at it.
Evidence:
Miss Pham Huong shared: "Miss Universe Vietnam
has turn my life to a new leaf".
Refute:
- Your point is about the motivation. And you said
that beauty contest gives the participants a new
opportunity to show their talent and gave the
evidence about miss Pham Huong who become the
winner of a beauty contest and she said it has turn
her life to a new leaf.
- But what about those who were eliminated early?
They spend a lot of money for a chance at the
crown. They have pay for dress, makeup, hair and
spends a lot of time. if they don’t win this beauty
contest, they can get a lot of criticism from the
public and it influences on their personal life.
NEGATIVE
MONEY:
Mothers should go to work:
- Working mother will have their own amount of
money to pay for what they want without asking their
 possible.
Through staying at home, mothers could ensure the best
educational performance for their children in daily
behavior, their speech, their action or their attitude with
others.
- You're their first influence before they head off to
school and you're continually teaching them something
new.
 Create the best environment for entire mental
development.
Evidence:
According to Vietnam news 2019, between 0-3 years of
age is the period when a child’s brain grows faster than at
any stage/ The knowledge and experience of raising
children of their parents has large effect and need
appropriate, scientific nowadays.
Refute:
CARE:
As early childhood is the most important period of
development for a child. It is important that a mother has
as much time to devote to her children as possible.
Having to care for their children every day, they will not be
independent and in some situations they don’t have their
creative in address the problem. They will always be
passive to their environment, to everything around them.
Topic 6: Should there be a ban on TV ads aimed at children?
AFFIRMATIVE
1 INAPPROPRIATE CONTENT:
Nowadays, the advertising content shown on TV is very
diverse and complex. Sometimes the Ads has sensitive
images, short words or overreacting can affect a child’s
perception.
Evidence:
According to the Nation Health and Nutrition Examination
Survey in 2015, 34% of teenager under 18 in the US eat fast-
food every day and be hooked on it.
Refute:
INAPPROPRIATE CONTENT:
advertising content shown on TV is very diverse and
complex.
Many ads also attractive but they can bring the good
behaviors for the children on the process of forming a child’s
personality. For ex, Lifebouy and Colgate ads teaches
husband.
+ Money is a significant deciding factor, it can be
provided for education, food and other supplies. If
mother stay home with their children, it can make
them more dependent on their partner.
+ The husband's job isn't always stable
+ No one can be sure that their marriage will be
happy forever. Woman should work so that she may
be able to stand alone, even when the women
divorces her husband
Evidence:
In a 2013 Pew Research survey - found that the clear
economic benefits of having more mothers in the
workplace: (67%) of adults say the increasing number of
women working for pay outside the home has made it
easier for families to earn enough to live comfortably.
Refute:
- Your point is about the money. And you said that
Mothers should go to work have their own amount of
money to pay for what they want without asking their
husband it can make them more dependent on their
partner.
- But we don’t agree with that. Because if mother go to
work, they have to hire a babysitter. Many childcare
options are poor quality with one adult looking after
many children at once. This can leave young children
bored and uninterested slowing their rate of
development. Those on low pay are forced to rely on
these options to take care of their children even when
they are of low quality or they would prefer to stay at
home. Supporting all mothers to stay at home would
prevent this problem.
NEGATIVE
ENTERTAINMENT:
- Advertisements on television aimed at children
should not be ban.
- The ads aimed at children often seen on TV which
have many colors with interesting content so
children will be attracted to them and become
more interested in it.
- Hence, Advertisements may also have motivating
content that can encourage children to learn
about everything around them and make them
feel happier
Evidence:
research in 2015 show that a child who watches ads
on TV were better able to learn the content of the
stories or information from what they see and
 children about daily hand washing and brushing routine
twice a day.
Topic 7: Should age discrimination be made illegal in the workplace?
AFFIRMATIVE
1 BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT:
- Young people: smart, creative, easy to approach new
tech
- Old people: experience, skilled
 Corporation effectively, to develop their
performance, help together in difficulties
 Use entirely their benefits of each employees
 Profits for company: increase, famous, developed
Evidence:
Refute:
Young people: more prevailed in opportunities, time,
energy, passion => They quickly learn how to apply it in
practice effectively
 Unequal for old people: they must spend time for
family or other problems, don’t focus on entirely
in work. They feel useless, no longer to compete
with young people.
become happy after seeing involve cartoon ads
Refuse
- Your point is about entertainment. And you said
that children will happier when they watch
advertisements on TV. But we don’t agree with
that.
- And your evidence has no source. And when a child
become interest with what they see, they will want
to have it and ask their parents buy it for them.
Because ads aimed at children are often products
such as toys, food, etc.
- Children have strong influence on their parents;
this can be hard for low-income families. When
parents refuse a child to not satisfied their wish;
children may feel dissatisfied. Parents can also be
hurt and feel sad because they are not able to buy
for their kids what they want.
NEGATIVE
QUALITY:
- Today, society is growing faster and faster.
Technology becomes more modern. Jobs always
require workers to learn a lot of new technical
knowledge.
- Older people often learn more slowly than young
people.
- Hence, they have a deeper and wider knowledge
about the modern technology, so these companies
will not need to invest more money in training for
low-tech employees.
Evidence:
According to E-learning Industry Newspaper,
companies have invested as much as $87.6 billion
into training in 2018.
Refuse
- Your point is about the qualify. And you said that
young people learn more quickly than old people.
- But we don’t agree with your point because Both
the elderly and the younger have their strong points
and weak points. That working in the equal
workplace will help them motivate their strong
points and develop together.
- For instance, the older having more experiences can
cleverly advise the younger to deal with difficult
problems based on their own skills. Besides, the
younger who are more creative can contribute some
more unique opinions about companies’ projects.
 Topic 8: Should brain drain be stopped?
AFFIRMATIVE
1 LOSS HIGH-LEVEL LABOR
Most of the high-educated people also stay abroad, it
leads to lack of qualified labor force in the country, make
recruiting skilled employees very difficult for both private
companies, public institutions and FDI firms.
Evidence:
Refute:
The country which losing high-level people, they only have
the lack of professional in their study time in University
about 4-7years. Because the aims of the people is in order
to improve and advanced their qualifications in their fields
such as IT, Marketing, and exchange their experiences
with these native people. After that, they will come back
their country and transmit the useful things for their
countries.
Topic 9: Should governments be spending resources exploring space?
AFFIRMATIVE
1 New energy source:
- Source becomes more and more exhausted because
pp exploit very much.
- Our energy now mainly depends on the fossil fuels and
solar energy. However, there are several problems
with these kinds of energy. The supply is limited and
can easily be used up in the future, it also damages the
environment badly at the same time.
- New sources can instead the old sources, more flexible
and distribute new materials for the world
 Create more opportunities to develop and find the
best way to use source effectively
Evidence: Mars: have water
NEGATIVE
INCOME:
Brain drain shouldn’t be stopped.
- When people from poor nations migrate to rich
ones, their real income will increase because of
productivity gains from new technology, norms and
institutions.
- The benefit ensures from this increase in migrant
productivity are enjoyed not only by destination
countries and the migrants themselves, but also by
source countries.
- This due to remittances, where migrants send their
income back to their families.
Evidence:
According to world bank, developing countries
received about $441 billion in remittances in 2015,
more than 3 time compared with official assistance.
Refuse
- Your point is about the income. And you said that
people from poor countries migrate to develop
countries and have a higher income. And they send
it back to their families.
- But we don’t agree with your point because if this
problem happens too much, the poor countries will
face a bigger challenge. In many developing
countries, they lose a large number of highly
educated people, especially scientists, engineers,
academics and physicians, who leave home and stay
abroad in many developed countries. The country
which the professional is leaving, is facing decrease
in number of professionals.
NEGATIVE
COST
- Governments shouldn’t be spending resources
exploring space because Exploring space is too high.
We obviously know that us humans exist but we
don't know if "space creatures" exist out there so
why bother, right?
Evidence:
In 2011 NASA celebrated the 30th anniversary of the
space shuttle program. At that time, that program was
cost about $196.5 billion. it is more effective if we used
this money for practical works such as facility

Refute:
Along with the develop technology, the finding of new
resources can be considered an interesting experience.
However, there are many downsides around the new
sources. People abused this finding to earn money illegal
because of greed. They also can conflict new sources to
owned it.
Topic 10: Should there be a ban on child performers?
AFFIRMATIVE
1 HEALTH:
Children spend much time in performance can result in
some bad effects in their health. The first effect of child
performers is physical health. Prepared for a good
performance, children must spend more time to practice,
practice daily or weekly with a tight schedule. Moreover,
they are also influenced by the media with the careful
behavior. The another effect of child performers is mental
health. The pressure of winning competitions makes
young suffer a lot of psychological crisis or make them
more worried during performing.
Evidence:
Refute:
These children who want to perform perfectly thus they
have to practice frequently for each performance. They
also work for their hobby, for pursuing their passion.
Following that, they can find the happiness from
performance with a timetable suitably.
improvement, education, relief, and so on.
Refuse
- Your point is about the cost. And you said that the
government should not invest in space exploration
and should instead invest in education systems,
facilities, etc.
- But we don’t agree with that. The cost isn't actually
very high. Compared to other areas of government
spending (e.g. military), the cost of space
exploration simply isn't too high. There have been
space vehicles built in the private sector for as little
as $25m, a drop in the ocean compared to US
spending in Iraq, and the net benefits outweigh even
these figures.
NEGATIVE
CONFIDENCE
- Child Performers Shouldn’t Be Banned. Because
children can have opportunities to work with
famous people and experts in the entertainment
industry, allowing them to develop their talents and
reach their full potential and their confidence when
they stand in front of audiences.
- If a child discovers that he or she is talented at
performing why not give them realistic goals to help
them achieve their dream?
- After all, children can learn more experience and
become more confidence before crowds and feel
free to show their talent on the stage.
Evidence:
Briney Spears, Justin Timberlake … were discovered
by the variety show called The Mickey Mouse club
when they were a child and went on to become some
of the most successful singers in the world
Refute:
- Your point is about the confidence. And you said
that child performing can give them the
opportunities and confident to show the talents.
- But we don’t agree with that. Because Children will
be under high pressure from a young age. Stage
scare and the pressure of performance can be
difficult to handle for even the most experienced
adults. It is therefore irresponsible to place these
pressures on children at anything but the lowest
non-professional level. Once children come to
realize that financial and competitive success
depends on each performance the expectation can
become too much. While the child may enjoy it, to
begin with as the pressure mounts they may feel it’s
too late to back out.