Relative

pronouns

Who

Whom

That
Which

Where

When
 Reason

Because

As*
 Since*

Due to the fact that

Time

When

Until
 After

Before

By the time

Since

Whenever

While
 Subordinate
Sentence SC sentence.
Sentence SC*, sentence.

Reason

I love it because it's not expensive.

,
Because it's not expensive I love it.

,
I love it as it's not expensive.

,
As it's not expensive I love it.
 ,
I love it since it's not expensive.

,
Since it's not expensive I love it.

I love it due to the fact that it's not expensive.

,
Due to the fact that it's not expensive I love it.

Time

When I'm done, I'll watch a movie.

I'll watch a movie when I'm done.

Until I'm done, I won't watch a movie.

I won't watch a movie until I'm done.
After I'm done, I'll watch a movie.
I'll watch a movie after I'm done.

Before I'm done, I'll watch a movie.

I'll watch a movie before I'm done.

By the time I'm done, I'll have watched a movie.

I'll have watched a movie by the time I'm done.

Since he called, I'm watching a movie.

I'm watching a movie since he called.

Whenever I'm tired, I speak rapidly.

I speak rapidly whenever I'm tired.
I'm cooking while I'm on the phone.
While I'm on the phone, I'm cooking.
bordinated conjuctions
SC sentence, sentence.
SC* sentence , sentence.

Condition

If

Only if
In case

Unless

Even if

Opposition

While*

Where*
 Whereas*

Though*

Even though

Although
ns

Condition Purpose

If I win, I will celebrate. So (that)

I will celebrate if I win.

Only if I'm dead, I'll go there.

I'll go there only if I'm dead
 In case I win, I will celebrate.
I will celebrate in case I win.

Unless I win, I won't celebrate.

I won't celebrate unless I win.

I'll celebrate, even if I lose.

Even if I lose, I'll celebrate.

Opposition

I love animals, while you hate them.

While you hate them, I love animals.

I love animals, where you hate them.

Where you hate them, I love animals.
Whereas you hate them, I love animals.
I love animals, whereas you hate them.

I'll call you, though not today.

Though not today, I'll call you.

Even though I like you, I won't call you.

I won't call you even though I like you.

Although I like you, I won't call you.

I won't call you although I like you.
 Cordinated

Purpose F For

So (that) I don't fail, I'll

study.
I'll study so (that) I don't A And
fail.

N Nor
B But

O Or

Y Yet

S So
 Cordinated conjuctions (fanboys)
Sentence, CC sentence.

I'm sad, for I can't help falling in love with you.

I'm sad, and I'm hungry.

I'm not rich, and I'm not in favor of the government.

I'm not rich, nor am I in favor of the government.
Our country needs reform, but it also needs another president.

Give me the money, or I'll kill you.

Our country needs reform, yet it also needs another president.

James Rodriguez is from Colombia, so I love Colombia.

4
Exemplifying

Sentence; TC, sentence.

To add

In addition

Additionally
Furthermore

Also

Moreover

Plus

On top of that

Besides
Contrast

However

On the one hand,.. On the other hand

Nevertheless

Nonetheless

In spite of that (fact)

Despite of that (fact)

Still
On the contrary
 Sentence. TC, sentence.

I'm sad; in addition, I'm

hungry.
I'm sad. In addition, I'm
hungry.

I'm sad; additionally, I'm

hungry.
I'm sad. Aditionally, I'm
hungry.
I'm sad; furthermore, I'm
hungry.
I'm sad. Furthermore, I'm
hungry.

I'm sad; also, I'm hungry.

I'm sad. Also, I'm hungry.

I'm sad; moreover, I'm

hungry.
I'm sad. Moreover, I'm
hungry.

I'm sad; plus, I'm hungry.

I'm sad. Plus, I'm hungry.

I'm sad; on top of that, I'm

hungry.
I'm sad. On top of that, I'm
hungry.

I'm sad; besides, I'm

hungry.
I'm sad. Besides, I'm
hungry.
Our country needs reform;
however, it also needs another
president.
Our country needs reform.
However, it also needs another
president.

(On the one hand) our country

needs reform; on the other hand, it
also needs another president.
(On the one hand) our country
needs reform. On the other hand, it
also needs another president.

Our country needs reform;

nevertheless, it also needs another
president.
Our country needs reform.
Nevertheless, it also needs another
president.
Result

As a result

Thus
Consequently

Therefore

Accordingly

Hence
To give examples

To illustrate

Exemplifying

For example

For instance
 Transitions

I've had Coronavirus. As a result, I can't have

it again.
I've had Coronavirus; as a result, I can't have
it again.

I've had Coronavirus. Thus, I can't have it

again.
I've had Coronavirus; thus, I can't have it
again.
I was there for you. To illustrate, when you called up I went.
I was there for you; to illustrate, when you called up I went.

I was there for you. For example, when you called up I went.
ransitions

To state facts

As a matter of fact

In fact
Indeed
Organizing

First

First of all

Firstly

Second
Secondly
Last
To start
I've read the NYT. As a matter of fact, I
memorized it.
I've read the NYT; as a matter of fact, I
memorized it.

I've read the NYT. In fact, I memorized it.

I've read the NYT; in fact, I memorized it.
I've read the NYT. Indeed, I memorized it.
I've read the NYT; indeed, I memorized it.
I'd like to say some things about you hair. First, I hate it.
I'd like to say some things about you hair; first, I hate it.
Similarity

He's going to China to buy

stuff. Likewise, she is going
there.
Likewise He's going to China to buy
stuff; likewise, she is going
there.

He's going to China to buy

stuff. Similarly, she is going
there.
Similarly He's going to China to buy
stuff; smilarly, she is going
there.
 He's going to China to buy
stuff. Equally, she is going
there.
Equally He's going to China to buy
stuff; equally, she is going
there.

Continuation

Afterwards

Subsequently
Continuation

He went to the park.

Afterwards Afterwards, he bought a
computer.

Subsequently
To finish

To conclude

To sum up
Finally

In conclusion

Summarizing
Purpose

With this purpose

With this in mind

 i.e.

I think that dogs are beautiful. They are

so sweet. In addition, I have one. Plus, I
love it.
e.g.
To conclude, I'd like to give a piece of
advice to everybody by saying that you
should buy a dog.
I went to Colombia to
meet my chinese
teacher. With this
purpose, I also took my
dog with me.
I've read the NYT, i.e., I memorized it.

I was there for you e.g. when you called up I went.

 SENTECES

SINCE REASON 2 I LOVE YOU SINCE YOU ASKED ME TO GO OUT WITH YO

WHEREAS 2 I DIDN'T DRINK WINE SINCE IT HURT ME.
NOR 1 DO NOT USE THE CELL PHONE WHEREAS DRIVING THE CAR
BUT 1 DON'T EAT WHEREAS BE.
THUS 2 NEITHER YOU GRIEVE NOR CRY.
INDEED 2 I FELL THUS I HAVE A WOUND
NEVERTHELESS 2
12 I DRINK COFFEE,INDEED, NOW I'M HYPERACTIVE
I HEAR MUSIC ,INDEED, NOW I'M RELAXED.
Our childrens needs education; nevertheless, it also We needs mo
my dog needs get out; nevertheless, i'm sick.
SKED ME TO GO OUT WITH YOU
CE IT HURT ME.
WHEREAS DRIVING THE CAR

I'M HYPERACTIVE
'M RELAXED.
; nevertheless, it also We needs money.
eless, i'm sick.