28072018LELPBQ26Mula Mutha EIA Reportpart1

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT
REPORT
For
MULA, MUTHA & MULA-MUTHA

RIVER REJUVENATION
PROJECT
By
M/S. PUNE MUNCIPAL CORPORATION (PMC)
Through its proposed Special Purpose Vehicle (SPV)
Pune Municipal Corporation (PMC)

PMC Building, Near Mangla Theatre, Shivajinagar,
Pune, Maharashtra - 411005
http://www.punecorporation.org/en
June, 2018
Prepared By
Design & Planning Consultant

HCP Design Planning & Management Pvt. Ltd.
“Paritosh”, Usmanpura, Ahmedabad 380013
EIA Consultant
GREEN CIRCLE, INC.

Integrated HSE Consulting Engineers, Scientists & Trainers
Green Empire,Above Axis Bank,Vadodara-390021 (Maharashtra)

EIA Report For Mula, Mutha & Mula-Mutha River Rejuvenation Project
HCP Design Planning & Management Pvt. Ltd. Page | i Green Circle, Inc.
GREEN CIRCLE, INC.

Integrated HSEQR Consulting Engineers, Scientists & Trainers
(MoEF&CC Recognized Environment Laboratory)
(An ISO: 9001, 14001,17025/NABL & OHSAS: 18001 Certified Organization & GPCB approved Environment
Auditor – Schedule II)
Maharashtra High court stay order for QCI NABET No. C/SCA/53121/2016 dated 05.04.2016
EIA CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that M/s. Green Circle, Inc. Vadodara has

conducted EIA study for “Mula,Mutha&Mula-MuthaRiver
Rejuvenation by Pune Municipal Corporation,” for the
period of October, 2017 to December, 2017.
For: Green Circle Inc.
Mr. Pradeep Joshi
Group President & CEO

www.greencircleinc.comE: info@greencircleinc.com
HCP Design Planning & Management Pvt. Ltd. Page | ii Green Circle, Inc.
QUALITY CONTROL SHEET
Rev. No.& Prepared & Reviewed Approved Validated

Reason History
Date compiled By By by by
R00, 21.08.2017 Final EIA Report AC, NJ DM, VB PJ PJ
PJ: Pradeep Joshi DM: Dr. Deepika Mandal

VB: Vikas Bhagat AC: Ayan Chakraborty
NJ: Nirav Joshi
COMPILED &
AYAN CHAKRABORTY NIRAV JOSHI
PREPARED BY
Signature
Reviewed by Dr. DEEPIKA MANDAL VIKAS BHAGAT
Signature
Approved by PRADEEP JOSHI, GROUP PRESIDENT & CEO
Signature
Released by ANUSHREE JOSHI – CORPORATE VP
Signature
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
WE EXPRESS OUR SINCERE THANKS TO MANAGEMENT & EMPLOYEES OF PUNE

MUNICIPAL CORPORATION, PUNEFOR THEIR CO-OPERATION & UNSTINTED HELP
WITHOUT WHICH THE EIA REPORT FOR “MULA, MUTHA & MULA-MUTHA RIVER
REJUVENATION”COULD NOT HAVE BEEN POSSIBLE. THE COURTESY EXTENDED TO OUR
TEAM IS HIGHLY APPRECIATED.
DISCLAIMER
The consulting services conducted by Green Circle, Inc. (the “Company”) were performed using
generally accepted guidelines, standards, and/or practices, which the Company considers reliable.
Although the Company performed its consulting services pursuant to reliable and generally
accepted practices in the projects, the Company does not guarantee or provide any representations
or warranties with respect to Client’s use, interpretation or application of the findings, conclusions,
and/or suggestions of the consulting services provided by the Company. Moreover, the findings,
conclusions, and the suggestions resulting from the consulting service are based upon certain
assumptions, information, documents, and procedures provided by the Customer. AS SUCH, IN
NO EVENT AND UNDER NO CIRCUMSTANCE SHALL THE COMPANY BE LIABLE FOR
SPECIAL, INDIRECT, PUNITIVE OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OF ANY NATURE
WHATSOEVER, INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION, ANY LOST REVENUE OR PROFITS OF
THE CUSTOMER OR ITS CUSTOMERS, AGENTS AND DISTRIBUTORS, RESULTING FROM,
ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH, THE SERVICES PROVIDED BY THE COMPANY.
The Customer agrees that the Company shall have no liability for damages, which may result from
Client’s use, interpretation or application of the consulting services provided by the Company.
Client’s logo has been used for report purpose only.
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Table of Contents
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ................................................................................................................................................13
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................................22
1.1 INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................................................................... 22

1.2 PROJECT PROPONENT ............................................................................................................................................ 22
1.3 CONSULTANT........................................................................................................................................................ 23
1.4 AIM OF THE PROJECT .............................................................................................................................................. 23
1.5 OBJECTIVES OF THE PROJECT ................................................................................................................................... 24
1.6 PURPOSE OF THE STUDY .......................................................................................................................................... 24
1.7 PROJECT LOCATION ............................................................................................................................................... 24
1.8 REGULATORY FRAMEWORK ..................................................................................................................................... 27
1.9 SCOPE AND METHODOLOGY OF THE STUDY ................................................................................................................ 30
1.10 APPROVED TOR FOR EIA STUDY .............................................................................................................................. 30
1.11 STRUCTURE OF THE REPORT .................................................................................................................................... 37
CHAPTER 2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION ......................................................................................................................40
2.1 INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................................................................... 40

2.2 PROJECT EXTENT ................................................................................................................................................... 40
2.3 DETAILS OF THE STUDY AREA ................................................................................................................................... 42
2.4 EXISTING CONDITION OF THE STUDY AREA ................................................................................................................. 66
2.4.3 Threat of Periodic Flooding .......................................................................................................................... 66
2.4.3 .......................................................................................................................................................................... 67
2.4.3 Choked by development ............................................................................................................................... 67
i. Polluted by outfalls ........................................................................................................................................... 67
ii. Polluted Nalas .................................................................................................................................................. 68
iii. Dry River Bed .................................................................................................................................................... 68
iv. Inaccessible Banks ............................................................................................................................................ 68
v. A barrier that divides Pune ............................................................................................................................... 69
vi. Neglected and Underutilized ............................................................................................................................ 69
2.4.3 Project Proposals.......................................................................................................................................... 69
2.4.4 Flood Mitigation Measures .......................................................................................................................... 70
2.4.5 Water Retention........................................................................................................................................... 84
2.4.7 Activating the Riverfront .............................................................................................................................. 87
2.5.6. Proposed Green Areas/ Rain water harvesting ..................................................................................... 107
2.5.7. Traffic Management / Ensuring traffic flow during execution phase .................................................... 107
2.5.8. Landscape Strategy ............................................................................................................................... 109
2.5.9. Urban Elements ..................................................................................................................................... 112
2.5.10. Lighting and electrification strategy ...................................................................................................... 114
2.5.11. Water Requirement ............................................................................................................................... 115
2.5.12. Wastewater Generation ........................................................................................................................ 116
2.5.13. Solid waste ............................................................................................................................................. 116
2.6. PROJECT COST AND IMPLEMENTATION .................................................................................................................... 117
2.6.1. Project Identification & Phasing ............................................................................................................ 117
2.6.2. SPV formation ........................................................................................................................................ 118
CHAPTER 3. DESCRIPTION OF ENVIRONMENT .....................................................................................................119
3.1. ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL SCREENING .................................................................................................................. 119

3.2. BASELINE METHODOLOGY..................................................................................................................................... 122
3.3. GEOLOGY .......................................................................................................................................................... 124
3.4. Geomorphology ......................................................................................................................................... 124
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3.5. LAND USE .......................................................................................................................................................... 125

3.7. HYDROGEOLOGY ................................................................................................................................................. 128
3.8. SEISMICITY OF THE STUDY AREA ............................................................................................................................. 129
3.9. METEOROLOGY................................................................................................................................................... 131
3.9.1. Micrometeorology of Pune .................................................................................................................... 131
3.10. AMBIENT AIR QUALITY ......................................................................................................................................... 135
3.11. WATER ENVIRONMENT ........................................................................................................................................ 142
3.11.1. Surface Water Quality ........................................................................................................................... 142
3.11.2. Ground Water Quality ........................................................................................................................... 147
3.12. SOIL ENVIRONMENT............................................................................................................................................. 150
3.13. NOISE ENVIRONMENT .......................................................................................................................................... 158
3.14. BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT: ................................................................................................................................. 161
3.15. SOCIOECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT ........................................................................................................................... 169
3.16. TRAFFIC STUDY ................................................................................................................................................... 172
CHAPTER 4. ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENT & SOCIAL IMPACT AND MITIGATION ................................................187
4.1. INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................................................... 187

4.2. ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL FACTORS .................................................................................................................. 187
4.2.1. Environmental Factors ........................................................................................................................... 187
4.2.2. Social Factors ......................................................................................................................................... 187
4.3. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT AND MITIGATION MEASURES-CONSTRUCTION STAGE ............................................................. 188
4.3.1. Air Environment ..................................................................................................................................... 188
4.3.2. Water Environment ............................................................................................................................... 194
4.3.3. Noise and Vibration ............................................................................................................................... 194
4.3.4. DG set Emission ..................................................................................................................................... 195
4.3.5. Sanitation and Waste Generation ......................................................................................................... 195
4.3.6. Loss of vegetation and tree cutting ....................................................................................................... 196
4.3.7. Clearing of Existing Solid Waste humps ................................................................................................. 196
4.4. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT AND MITIGATION MEASURES-OPERATION STAGE................................................................... 196
4.4.1. Physiography and Drainage ................................................................................................................... 196
4.4.2. River Water Quality ............................................................................................................................... 197
4.4.3. Solid Waste Generation Impacts ........................................................................................................... 197
4.4.4. Socio-Economic ...................................................................................................................................... 198
4.4.5. Impact of Traffic Density........................................................................................................................ 199
4.5. RISK AND HAZARDS CONTROLS .............................................................................................................................. 199
CHAPTER 5. ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES ...........................................................................................................205
5.1. INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................................................... 205

5.2. WITH OR WITHOUT PROJECT ALTERNATIVES ............................................................................................................. 205
5.3. GOOD DESIGN ASPECTS........................................................................................................................................ 207
5.3.1. Reduce risk of flooding .......................................................................................................................... 207
5.3.2. Green embankments ............................................................................................................................. 208
5.3.3. Cleaning of the River and making it pollution free ................................................................................ 208
5.3.4. Retain and replenish water .................................................................................................................... 208
5.3.5. Create a continuous public realm along the rive ................................................................................... 208
5.3.6. Conserve and enhance heritage structures ........................................................................................... 208
5.3.7. Construction techniques ........................................................................................................................ 208
5.3.8. Trees ...................................................................................................................................................... 209
5.3.9. Lighting and Water supply..................................................................................................................... 209
5.3.10. Technology Benefits ............................................................................................................................... 209
CHAPTER 6. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM ...................................................................................210
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6.1. INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................................................... 210

6.2. OBJECTIVES ........................................................................................................................................................ 210
6.3. POLLUTION CONTROL MEASURES ........................................................................................................................... 211
6.4. DETAILS OF FIRST AID / FIRE FIGHTING .................................................................................................................... 212
6.5. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING ............................................................................................................................. 212
6.6. COST PROVISION FOR ENVIRONMENTAL MEASURES ................................................................................................... 213
CHAPTER 7. DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN .......................................................................................................216
7.1. INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................................................... 216

7.2. HISTORY ............................................................................................................................................................ 217
7.3. INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................................................... 217
7.4. IDENTIFY CONDITION AND ITS MANAGEMENT: .......................................................................................................... 218
7.5. RECOMMENDATION ............................................................................................................................................. 220
7.5.1. Flood ...................................................................................................................................................... 220
7.5.2. Lightening .............................................................................................................................................. 220
7.5.3. Earthquake ............................................................................................................................................ 220
7.5.4. Emergency Planning .............................................................................................................................. 221
7.6. FLOOD EMERGENCY PLAN ..................................................................................................................................... 221
7.6.1. Purpose and Scope of this Flood Emergency Plan ................................................................................. 221
7.6.2. Municipal Flood Planning Committee .................................................................................................... 221
7.6.3. PREVENTION / PREPAREDNESS ARRANGEMENTS ................................................................................. 222
7.6.4. Strategic Control Priorities ..................................................................................................................... 222
7.6.5. Command, Control & Coordination ....................................................................................................... 223
CHAPTER 8. PROJECT BENEFITS ...........................................................................................................................225
8.1. PROTECTED LOW LYING AREAS ALONG THE RIVER FROM PERIODIC FLOOD RISK ................................................................. 225
8.2. SEWAGE FLOWING IN TO THE RIVER WILL BE CURBED TO MAKE IT POLLUTION FREE ............................................................ 225
8.3. RETAINED WATER WITHIN THE ENTIRE RIVER STRETCH ................................................................................................. 225
8.4. CONTINUOUS PUBLIC REALM ALONG THE RIVER ......................................................................................................... 225
8.5. ABUTTING PUBLIC GARDENS, HISTORICAL AND RELIGIOUS IMPORTANT PLACES ARE INTEGRATED AND ENHANCED .................... 225
8.6. ACCESSIBILITY ALONG THE RIVER AND ACROSS THE RIVER WILL BE IMPROVED ................................................................... 226
CHAPTER 9. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN..........................................................................................227
9.1. INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................................................... 227

9.2. EXECUTION PHASE............................................................................................................................................... 227
9.3. AIR ENVIRONMENT .............................................................................................................................................. 228
9.4. WATER ENVIRONMENT: ....................................................................................................................................... 228
9.5. NOISE ENVIRONMENT: ......................................................................................................................................... 229
9.6. SOIL/LAND ENVIRONMENT ................................................................................................................................... 230
9.7. SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT:............................................................................................................................... 230
9.8. SOCIO-ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT: ......................................................................................................................... 231
9.9. COMPLETION OF CONSTRUCTION ACTIVITY- RESTORATION: .......................................................................................... 231
9.10. OPERATIONAL PHASE: .......................................................................................................................................... 231
9.11. AIR ENVIRONMENT: ............................................................................................................................................. 232
9.12. WATER ENVIRONMENT: ....................................................................................................................................... 232
9.13. LAND/ SOIL ENVIRONMENT: .................................................................................................................................. 235
9.14. SOLID WASTE: .................................................................................................................................................... 235
9.16. SUMMARY OF ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN AND ACTIONS ............................................................................... 237
CHAPTER 10. CONCLUSION ...................................................................................................................................243
CHAPTER 11. DISCLOSURE OF CONSULTANTS .......................................................................................................249
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List of Tables
Table 1.1 Environmental Regulation and Legislation ..................................................................... 28
Table 1.2 ToR Compliance Status ................................................................................................. 32
Table 1.3 Environmental Features of the Project Site .................................................................... 44
Table 2.2 Existing Sewage Treatment Plants ................................................................................. 76
Table 2.3 Proposed Sewage Treatment Plants (under JICA & NRCD Scheme)............................. 77
Table 2.1 Ground level concentration of TSP in µg/m3 ................................................................. 189
Table 2.2 Ground level concentration of SOx in µg/m3 ................................................................. 191
Table 2.3 Ground level concentration of NOx in µg/m3................................................................. 192
Table 2.4 With and Without Project Scenario ............................................................................... 206
Table 2.5 Pollution Control Measures .......................................................................................... 211
Table 2.6 Environmental Monitoring Plan..................................................................................... 213
Table 2.7 Budget Allocation for Environmental Management ....................................................... 214
Table 2.8 Summary of Environmental Management Plan ............................................................ 238
List of Figures
Figure 3.1 Mula River Error! Bookmark not defined.
Figure 3.2 Mutha River Error! Bookmark not defined.
Figure 3.3 Mula and Mutha River Error! Bookmark not defined.
Figure 3.4 Mula , Mutha and Mula-Mutha River 26
Figure 3.5 Methodology of EIA Study 31
Figure 3.1 Layout showing Project Area 42
Figure 3.2 Study area of 10 kms 43
Figure 3.3 Project Area 43
Figure 3.1 Growth of Pune city with reference to its rivers 45
Figure 3.2 Regional Context of the Project Area 46
Figure 3.3 Mula, Mutha, Mula-Mutha rivers, their catchment area and the upstream dams 47
Figure 3.4 Map showing natural water system – rivers and nallas in Pune 47
Figure 3.5 Map Showing Different Activities along the River Banks 48
Figure 3.6 Map Showing Different Locations of Geo-technical Investigations 50
Figure 3.7 Geo technical Investigation 50
Figure 3.8 Topographical survey conducted for the entire 44 km of the river and 50 m of
surrounding area 51
Figure 3.9 Topographical Survey Map of Mula, Mutha & Mula-Mutha River and its
Surrounding Area 52
Figure 3.10 The Combined Approved Base Map 54
Figure 3.11 Lean period flow 55
Figure 3.12 Peak period flow 55
Figure 3.13 Images Showing Inundated Areas During Floods 56
Figure 3.14 Overall Catchment Area of the Three Rivers 58
Figure 3.15 Sub Catchment Watershed Area Plan 59
Figure 3.16 Methodology used for the opinion survey 62
Figure 3.17 Session for Team to Conduct Opinion Surveys 63
Figure 3.18 Map showing PMC and PCMC electoral wards (2012) covered in opinion survey
and opinion survey locations 65
Figure 3.19 Periodic Flooding due to Heavy Rain 66
Figure 3.24 Showing Development within Inundation Area 67
Figure 3.25 Nalla near Mhatre Bridge on Mutha River&Erandwane STP outfall 67
Figure 3.26 Nalla near Agriculture College (Model Colony)&Piped outfall near Bund Garden 68
Figure 3.27 Rural Riparian Embankment 71
Figure 3.28 Urban Riparian embankment 72
Figure 3.29 Urban Riparian Embankment II, III and Illustrations 73
Figure 3.30 Map showing types of embankments Error! Bookmark not defined.
Figure 3.31 Map showing Existing Outfalls 74
Figure 3.32 Map showing Existing Sewage Network 76
Figure 3.33 Map showing trunk lines proposed under JICA 78
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Figure 3.34 Map showing proposed interceptor sewer network 78

Figure 3.35 Map showing existing and proposed STP 79
Figure 3.36 Augment treatment capacity – Schematic explaining the need for tertiary treatment
to achieve outlet parameters that meets the required standards 80
Figure 3.37 Schematic diagram for Phytorid treatment 80
Figure 3.38 Phytorid beds at Rainbow Drive, Sariapura Road, Bangalore 81
Figure 3.39 Map showing tertiary treatment facility for STP 81
Figure 3.40 Gabion Wall and Phytorid Bed Detail 82
Figure 3.41 Map showing treatment for open outfalls by Phytorid beds 82
Figure 3.42 Plan showing the stages of treatment for open outfalls 83
Figure 3.43 Longitudinal Section showing the stages of treatment for open outfalls 83
Figure 3.44 Cross sectional detail Plan showing the stages of treatment for ducted outfalls 84
Figure 3.45 Map Showing Existing Water Retention Structures Error! Bookmark not defined.
Figure 3.46 Map showing proposed water retention structures 85
Figure 3.47 Map showing water replenishing mechanism 86
Figure 3.48 Images Showing Examples for Cleaning, Aeration and Maintenance 87
Figure 3.49 Existing condition of the river edge 88
Figure 3.50 Existing activities along the river edge 88
Figure 3.51 Visualizations showing continuous public realms on various embankment types 90
Figure 3.52 Map showing continuous public realm along the rivers 90
Figure 3.53 Perpendicular access with ghats merging seamlessly with the lower level pitching in
Urban Riparian Embankment 91
Figure 3.54 Perpendicular access with ghats where more space is needed for performing
rituals in the Urban Riparian Embankment 92
Figure 3.55 Parallel ramp access to cater to universal design in the proposed embankments 92
Figure 3.56 Alternatives for parallel access types 93
Figure 3.57 Integrating and articulating public access with embankments 93
Figure 3.58 Alternative design proposals of ghats with embankments 94
Figure 3.59 Map showing locations of Proposed Ghats 95
Figure 3.60 Illustration showing integration of visarjan tanks in the proposed embankment
design 96
Figure 3.61 Map Showing Locations of Proposed Visarjan tanks Error! Bookmark not defined.
Figure 3.62 Sections illustrating proposed embankment type for integrating existing parks
and gardens 97
Figure 3.63 Map showing locations of gardens 98
Figure 3.64 Several heritage structure present within the project area 100
Figure 3.65 Image showing public amenities 101
Figure 3.66 : Error! Bookmark not defined.
Figure 3.67 Image showing proposed land use along the river 102
Figure 3.68 Pie chart showing the division of land used for various requirements 103
Figure 3.69 Map showing public amenities 103
Figure 3.70 Proposed Green Cover Along The Banks 104
Figure 3.71 Map showing proposed land use with green cover 105
Figure 3.72 View from the upper promenade 106
Figure 3.73 Map showing proposed land use with public amenities 106
Figure 3.74 Map showing existing roads to be removed 109
Figure 3.75 Examples of lighting strategy in activity areas 115
Figure 3.1 Satellite Image of the study area 125
Figure 3.2 Land Use & Land cover Map of the study area 126
Figure 3.3 Pie Chart of the LULC classification 127
Figure 3.4 Map of India 130
Figure 3.5 Wind rose diagram of the study area 134
Figure 3.6 Map showing AAQM locations 136
Figure 3.7 Statistical Comparison of PM 10 in study area 140
Figure 3.8 Statistical Comparison of PM 2.5 in study area 140
Figure 3.9 Statistical Comparison of SO2 in study area 141
Figure 3.10 Statistical Comparison of NOx in study area 141
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Figure 3.11 Map showing surface water sample locations 146

Figure 3.12 Map showing ground water sample locations 150
Figure 3.13 Soil map of Maharashtra State 152
Figure 3.14 Map showing locations of soil sampling locations 157
Figure 3.15 Map showing noise monitoring locations 159
Figure 3.16 Hyacinth growth on water surface 165
Figure 3.17 Map showing administrative wards of PMC 170
Figure 1.4 Isopleth for TSP GLCs 190
Figure 1.4 Isopleth for SOx GLCs 192
Figure 1.4 Isopleth for SOx GLCs 193
Figure 1.7 Submerged low level bridge during 2016 flood 218
Figure 1.7 Khadakwasala Dam 2016 Error! Bookmark not defined.
Figure 1.7 Mula-Mutha River Error! Bookmark not defined.
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List of Annexure
Annexure- I TOR Letter

Annexure- II Drawing Portfolio
Annexure- III Hydrology and Hydraulics
Annexure-IV Geotechnical Investigation
Annexure-V Base map preparation
Annexure-VI Opinion Survey
Annexure- VII Infrastructure
Annexure –VIII Cost Estimate
Annexure – IX Detailed Project Report
Annexure – X Land Ownership Documents
Annexure – XI CGWB Brochure of Pune District
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Abbreviation
AAQ Ambient Air Quality

BOD Biochemical Oxygen Demand
COD Chemical Oxygen Demand
DO Dissolved Oxygen
EIA Environment Impact Assessment
EMP Environment Management Plan
EMS Environment Management System
GDCR General Development Control Regulation
MIDC Maharashtra Industrial Development Corporation
LULC Land Use & Land Cover
MoEF&CC Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change
MoU Memorandum of Understanding
MSW Municipal Solid Waste
NBC National Building Code
NOC No Objection Certificate
PAP Project Affected Persons
PM Particulate Matters
PMC Pune Municipal Corporation
STP Sewage Treatment Plant
ToR Terms of Reference
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M/S. Pune Municipal Corporation (PMC)
Environmental Impact Assessment
Report
REPORT NO.:-
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Introduction
Pune, located in the State of Maharashtra lies on the western margin of the Deccan plateau, on
the leeward side of the Sahyadri mountain range. It lies at the convergence of two rivers Mula
and Mutha. The Mula and Mutha Rivers originate in the Sahyadri ranges and traverse across
Pune city, and form Mula-Mutha River which eventually joins the Bhima River. The total length
of the three rivers Mula, Mutha and Mula-Mutha traversing through Pune Municipal Corporation
area is approximately 44 km.
The river length covered in this project along the land is as follows:
• Mula River: Mumbai-Pune Bypass to Sangam Bridge (22.2 Km).
• Mutha River: Mumbai-Pune Bypass to Mula-Mutha Sangam (10.4 Km).
• Mula-Mutha River: Mula-Mutha Sangam to Kharadi (11.8 Km).
The growing urban activities have left these water bodies in vulnerable state. Due to lack of
planning the rivers presently face growing levels of pollutants and rapid degradation, creating
unhygienic conditions. Therefore, the city has turned its back to these rivers. These highly
neglected rivers have raised concerns amongst the authorities and the citizens of Pune. In
order to cope up with these current issues and create a meaningful public realm along the river,
the Pune Municipal Corporation has taken up the River Rejuvenation Plan for all three rivers in
entire Pune Municipal Corporation area along with Pimpri-Chinchwad Municipal Corporation,
Kirkee Cantonment Board & defense authorities. This will revitalize the rivers, after clean
environment, enhance the surrounding areas and create a city level asset.
The Mula, Mutha & Mula-Mutha River Rejuvenation Project aims at transforming these rivers
into a valuable asset for the city, creating a memorable identity for Pune. The Mula, Mutha &
Mula-Mutha River Rejuvenation Project incorporates a comprehensive proposal which is
unique and context specific, providing large public realm. It proposes a resilient river edge to
mitigate the threat of flooding. The Master Plan also intends to integrate other parallel relevant
projects like infrastructure proposals undertaken by JICA. The riverfront is proposed to be
developed as a green and recreational space that can transform the existing neglected
waterfront into a centre for social, cultural and recreational activities in the city.
The Mula, Mutha & Mula-Mutha River Rejuvenation Project will transform the waterfront into a
vibrant socio-cultural destination and improve people’s interaction with nature, developing a
nature oriented sustainable public space which will improve the environmental health of the city
and enhance quality of life of the residents.
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Report
REPORT NO.:-
Existing Condition of the Study area along with its Potentials:
River
Issues:
• Threat of periodic flooding
• Choked by development
• Polluted by outfalls
• Polluted by nallas
• Dry river bed
• Inaccessible banks
• Acts as a barrier that divides Pune
• Neglected and underutilized
Potentials:
• Variation in river width and slope gradient provides the opportunity to have
variations in Cross- Section during design.
• Numerous access points ( steps, ramps).
• Controlled discharge of water into the rivers by upstream dams prevents sudden
floods except in extreme situation.
• River bed has a rocky terrain as a result of which there is less amount of water
loss through seepage.
• Variation in extent of development and existing land use in the adjacent land.
• Religious activities, recreational activities like boating, etc. still practiced, thus
reflecting the association of people with the river.
• Heritage structures and spaces of cultural significance in adjacent areas
• Existing gardens seen along the river length.
• Proposed public transportation like Metro and BRTS routes in close proximity to
river.
• Highways and arterial roads cross the river at many locations.
• Frequent bridges on Mutha ensuring good connectivity across the banks.
Page
Report
REPORT NO.:-
Objective of the Project

1. Reduce risk of flooding
2. Clean the River and make it pollution free
3. Partially retain and replenish with treated water
4. Create a continuous public realm along the river
5. Conserve and enhance heritage structures
6. Improve accessibility and connectivity
Project Title: Mula, Mutha & Mula-Mutha River Rejuvenation Project.
Location of the Project:

The proposed project lies between within PMC, PCMC & KCB Boundary.
The total proposed area is 820 Hectares including river & river banks.
Pune is located at 18°32’ N & 73°51’ E. It has an average elevation of 560 meters (1837 ft).
Baseline Monitoring:
The baseline study was conducted during the period of October, 2017 to December,2017.
As per ToR issued by MoEF&CC F. No. 21-193/2017-IA-III dated 10th August 2017.
Environment Management Plan (EMP)

The objective of the EMP is to identify project specific actions that will be undertaken by
the project proponent for mitigation of the specific impacts identified in the project. These
actions will be incorporated into the PMC’s project management system and integrated into
the implementation at various stages of project development. As this report pertains to the
development of the Mula, Mutha and Mula –Mutha Riverfront, the EMP is broadly divided
into construction and operation phase.
The Environmental Management Plan for the proposed project aims to mitigate any
potentially detrimental impacts on the environment, both during construction and operation
phases of the project. It is also necessary that continued compliance with existing
environmental regulations is ensured. The construction and associated activities have been
planned so as to minimize impacts on the physical, biological and socio-economic-cultural
environments. Even though it would be naive to expect that all detrimental impacts can be
avoided, it is apparent that most of the impacts will be localized and temporary in nature.
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Execution Phase:
Environmental pollution during execution phase will be mainly due to the activities
involving site preparation and preparation of site will involve movement of soil within the
land. During dry weather conditions it is necessary to control the dust nuisance created by
leveling and transportation activity.
Land transfer to PMC for Implementation of the Mula, Mutha & Mula-Mutha River
Rejuvenation Project by the SPV:
It is necessary to ensure that land required for the project transferred to PMC / SPV.
Certain project development activities may cause disruptions to the pre-project
environmental quality. The following environmental mitigation measures will be
incorporated as part of terms and conditions of contract for implementation by the
contractor or the authority as appropriate to minimize the impacts during the execution
phase of the project. These recommendations are delineated below.
Air Environment:
During execution phase, Gaseous emissions from DG sets and transportation vehicles are
expected to cause deterioration in the Ambient Air Quality. Also digging operations will
involve stock piling of the soil that may become source of fugitive dust emission especially
during dry weather. Though the gaseous emissions are not expected to contribute
significantly to the ambient air quality, some generic measures to reduce fugitive and
gaseous pollutant emissions during the execution phase will be implemented.
Prudent and good construction practices will be used to minimize the spread of sediments,
which are stirred during pile driving and the execution related activities. Mainly stockpiles
and excavated earthen materials etc. will be managed with water sprinkling to avoid dust
/soil being airborne from the specific site:
• Water sprinklers will be used to control the fugitive dusts.
• Face masks will be used to prevent inhalations of dust particle.
• It will be ensured that all the vehicles deployed for the project possess Pollution
under Control (PUC) Certificate.
• All vehicles will be properly maintained to minimize emissions of contaminants, for
this necessary measure will be taken.
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Water Environment:
• Construction equipment requiring minimum water for cooling and operation for
optimum effectiveness will be chosen.
• During concrete work, care will be taken that no mortar or cementing material shall
fall in the water as this will pose impacts.
• As a precautionary measure these circumstances lead to provision of plastics sheet
or tarpaulin in order to avoid any chance of accidental dumping of construction
materials into the water.
Noise environment:
The major Impact on the noise level of the proposed project, during the execution phase, is
envisaged due to the noise generation by the operation of the machineries, equipments and
some mechanical works. In case of residential areas, the day and night standards are 55 dB(A)
and 45 dB(A) respectively. Suitable conditions will be incorporated in the construction contract
agreement, to ensure compliance of these standards.
• Construction equipment meeting the norms specified by Environmental Mitigation Act,
1986 will be used.
• Ear plugs and/muffs will be provided to construction workers working near the noise
generating activities/machines/equipment.
• During night time transportation activities will not be allowed to avoid high noise level in
nearby villages/locality. Only in case of emergency the transportation activities shall be
allowed in night time.
• Machineries/equipment causing high noise level will not be operated during the night
time near industrial areas.
• It will be ensured that the equipment used during construction is properly maintained to
keep noise within the permissible limits.
• Construction machinery will be in good working condition and engines will be turned off
when not in use.
• Vehicles and construction equipment having internal combustion engines without
proper silencer will not be allowed to operate.
• Noise control equipment and baffling will be employed on generators especially when
they are operated near the residential and sensitive areas.
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• Noise levels will be reduced by the use of adequate mufflers on all motorized
equipment.
Soil/Land Environment:
Following measures will be taken to minimize impact on land environment and improve soil
conditions:
• Precautions will be taken to safeguard native trees (if any) on the periphery of project
area.
• The natural gradient of the river will be maintained.
• Only invasive vegetation will be removed from the project area and care shall be taken
to reinstate to the best extent possible any local vegetation that is required to be
removed during project execution.
• The construction debris will be utilized within the project area for levelling purposes.
• The materials like steel and other recyclable materials shall be segregated and reused
or sold to authorized vendors.
• Existing topsoil removed during execution will be stockpiled temporarily for replacement
whenever required.
• Topsoil and sub-soil will be segregated during trenching and stockpiled separately.
• Topsoil will be stored on the non-traffic side of the project area.
• Excess excavated material will be removed from the project site as soon as possible
after the completion of excavation operations. This material will be used for leveling and
landscaping.
Solid Waste Management:
• Solid waste from domestic use like papers, card boards, cans, bottles, food waste etc
will be generated by the site labourers. This will be segregated into biodegradable and
non-biodegradable and shall be handed over to authorized vendors.
• No debris or any contaminated material to be disposed during the construction stage
within the project area.
• The debris generated from the structures shall be reused (as a quarry material within
project site) as far as possible and the left over material shall be disposed at a suitable
location by following local rules and regulations. In no case, debris shall be disposed into
the river Mula, Mutha & Mula – Mutha.
• No trash or debris from construction activities shall be left at the project site after
construction is completed.
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• As a part of EMP, it is compulsory for the Contractor to develop a comprehensive debris

and solid waste management and disposal plan considering the local laws and approval
from PMC.
• Empty paint or emulsion containers to be disposed off in accordance with the norms and
local laws;
• Solid Waste generated at the construction camp shall be disposed as per the approved
waste management plan.
Socio-Economic Environment:
Proper implementation of EMP would mitigate adverse impacts in the region.
• Prior information about the project will be given to locals in study area.
• Caution will be exercised to avoid disturbance to existing infrastructure.
• An emergency plan will be prepared in advance, to deal with firefighting.
• The authority will make an assessment of the safe, legal load limits of all the bridges,
streets that may be traversed by heavy equipment.
• Local people will be employed for construction work to the maximum extent possible.
Completion of construction activity- Restoration:

Before the activity is considered to be completed by the authority, appropriate measures will be
taken to restore the project site and surrounding areas. Temporary structures, equipment,
surplus material and refuse will be removed from the project site at the earliest, as soon as the
construction activities are completed. Land will be restored as discussed below:
• To be restored as good as pre-construction condition.
• Construction debris and other wastes will be cleared from the site.
• Fences and other facilities will be repaired during this stage.
Disaster Management Plan (DMP)
• The objective is to localize a disaster and to the maximum extent possible contain it to
minimize the impact on life, the environment and property.
• A formal planning for managing disasters is therefore necessary to ensure reduction
during any disaster or on its aftermath. This can only be achieved through:
➢ Identifying the events which can lead to a disaster.
➢ Preplanning a proper sequence of response actions.
➢ Allocation of responsibilities to the participating agencies
➢ Effective management of resources
➢ To incorporate the disaster resistant features of national building code and earthquake
resistant codes of Bureau of Indian Standards.
➢ To ascertain the status of existing resources and facilities available with the various
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agencies involved in disaster management.

➢ Coordination of all responding groups including NGO's to ensure a coordinated and
effective response.
➢ To assess their adequacies and short falls if any in providing a meaningful disaster
response.
➢ To create awareness and contribute towards capacity building.
➢ Encouraging mitigation measures on traditional know how and incorporating state-of-
the-art technology.
➢ To develop early warning systems backed by responsive and fail safe communications
and Information Technology support.
➢ Identify the requirements for institutional strengthening and capacity building of human
resources.
➢ A systematic effort to put back the social life on its normal course with necessary
support and resources.
➢ Monitoring & evaluation of actions taken during disasters and providing relief.
➢ To ensure efficient response and relief with a compassionate approach towards the
needs of the vulnerable sections of the society.
Disaster Management:
• At present Disaster Mitigation & Management Centre working at Yashwant Chavan
Academy of Development Administration, Raj Bhavan Complex, Baner Road,
Ganeshkhind, Pune-410017, Maharashtra District Level Cell and State Level Cell are to
take timely precautionary measures to avoid effects of impending disasters.
• The State Level Cell will be in continuous touch with State Govt. to pass on messages
like heavy rainfall etc. as received from IMD and take precautionary action to prevent
any consequential disaster.
• A Nodal Officer at State Level Cell will be made in charge for the timely dissemination
of the information & monitoring to the District Level Cells.
• “Disaster Warning System” as developed will be strictly implemented.
• Identification of nearby hospitals with route & contact number for emergency
assistance.
• “Emergency Helpline Number” will be displayed at all levels.
Flood:
• Introduce better flood warning systems
• Ensure that the execution activities are planned above potential flood levels and
whenever required to work within river boundary the work shall be planned to be taken
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up during dry season with adequate flood mitigation measures.

• Protect wetlands and introduce new tree plantation strategically
Bridge Collapse:
• Stop movement across bridge.
• Immediately call ambulance
• Immediately call Police, NDRF & Municipal Commissionaire.
• Survey site and remove people from covered collapsed material.
Cyclone/Storm:
• Immediately call ambulance & NDRF team.
• Provide shelter for the victims and provide first aid on site.
• Survey site and remove people from covered collapsed material.
Terrorist Attack/ Political Violence:
• Don’t panic on feel threatened.
• Call the police, ambulance & District Collector.
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CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Introduction
The Mula-Mutha River is a river in western Maharashtra. It arises in the Western Ghats and
flows eastward until it merges with the Mula River in the city of Pune. The Mula-Mutha is a river
in Pune, formed by the confluence of the Mula and Mutha rivers in the city of Pune, which later
meets the Bhima River, which itself later meets the Krishna River and finally emptying into
the Bay of Bengal.
The project lies within Pune Municipal Corporation (PMC), Pune Chinchwad Municipal
Corporation and Kirkee Cantonment Board boundary.
The river area covered in this project along the land is as follows:
The total proposed area is 820 Hectares including river & river banks. Pune is located at 18°32’
N & 73°51’ E. It has an average elevation of 560 meters (1837 ft).
At present the three neglected rivers are creating unhealthy and insanitary surroundings and
are characterized by encroachments in surrounding area due to unplanned development. The
city has turned its back to these rivers. In order to cope up with these current issues and create
a meaningful public realm along the river, the Pune Municipal Corporation has takenup the
River Rejuvenation Plan for all three rivers in entire Pune Municipal Corporation area along
with Pimpri-Chinchwad Municipal Corporation, Kirkee Cantonment Board & defense
authorities.
The proposed project development of Mula, Mutha & Mula-Mutha River in Pune is an initiative
taken up by the Pune Municipal Corporation to develop the Mula, Mutha & Mula-Mutha River in
a comprehensive manner within the city limit to rejuvenate and convert the river front as an
asset for the city.
1.2 Project Proponent

The Mula, Mutha & Mula-Mutha River Rejuvenation Project at Pune is proposed by the PMC.
PMC has proposed that the Mula, Mutha and Mula-Mutha River Rejuvenation Project be
implemented through a Special Purpose Vehicle (SPV). This proposal has received clearance
from the General Body during dated 23rd March 2018.
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1.3 Consultant
A Project Proponent Pune Municipal Corporation(PMC) Building, Near Mangla
Theatre, Shivaji Nagar, Pune – 411005
Local Consultant CDSA, Pune
Support
B Consultants
1 Principal Consultant HCP Design Planning & Management Pvt. Ltd. , “Paritosh”,
Usmanpura, Ahmedabad
2 Structural Consultant Advance Engineering Consultant, Gaandhinagar
3 Landscape Dr. Bandi Rao
Consultant
4 Environmental Green Circle Inc. , Green Empire (Anupusham), Above Axis
Consultant bank, Near Yash Complex, Gotri Rd, Gotri, Vadodara,
Maharashtra 390021
5 Surveying Consultant Geographis India Pvt. Ltd
6 Hydrology and Advance Engineering Consultant, Gandhinagar
hydraulics Consultant
7 Geotechnical KCT Consultancy Services, Ahmedabad.
Investigation
Consultant
8 Financial Consultant Mr. S. R. Ramanujam, Mumbai.
1.4 Aim of the project

The Mula-Mutha River Rejuvenation Project aims at transforming Mula, Mutha and Mula-Mutha
rivers making them a valuable asset for the city and creating a memorable identity for Pune.
The master plan for the project is based on detailed technical studies like river hydrology,
geology, topography, environmental impact and infrastructure. The conceptual and draft master
plan for Mula, Mutha & Mula-Mutha River Rejuvenation project has been presented to multiple
stake holders on multiple occasions.
Project incorporates a comprehensive proposal which is unique and context specific, providing
a large public realm. The proposed development of Mula, Mutha & Mula-Mutha Rivers in Pune
aims to develop and rejuvenate the rivers and to improve environmental conditions to create
social up-liftment and redefine the identity of Pune.
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The riverfront is proposed to be developed as a green and recreational space that can
transform the existing neglected waterfront into a centre for social, cultural and recreational
activities in the city. It will create a vibrant and a completely public riverfront which will provide
many opportunities for leisure and recreation.
1.5 Objectives of the Project

1. Reduce risk of flooding
2. Clean the rivers and make it pollution free
3. Retain and replenish water
4. Create a continuous public realm along the rivers
5. Conserve and enhance heritage structures
6. Improve accessibility and connectivity
1.6 Purpose of the study

The environmental study undertaken is aimed at identifying existing environmental conditions,
predicting environmental impacts associated with the proposed Mula, Mutha & Mula-Mutha
River Rejuvenation to suggest mitigation measures to mitigate the adverse environmental
impacts. The different activities that are likely to take place were analyzed and proposed
mitigation measures were assessed for their adequacy. Further mitigation measures shall be
proposed if necessary. The study will also establish the likely effect on the environment, human
beings, local communities, and on the adjoining/neighboring areas as a consequence of the
relevant phases of proposed project, methods, and measures contemplated for minimizing
environmental damage and carrying out site restoration activities.
1.7 Project Location

The project lies within Pune Municipal Corporation (PMC), Pune Chinchwad Municipal
Corporation and Kirkee Cantonment Board boundary.
The river area covered in this project along the land is as follows:
The total proposed area is 820 Hectares including river & river banks.
Pune is located at 18°32’ N & 73°51’ E. It has an average elevation of 560 meters (1837 ft).
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Figure 1.1 Mula River
Figure 1.2 Mutha River
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Figure 1.4Mula and Mutha River
Figure 1.3 Mula Mutha River
Mula River
Mula-Mutha River
Mutha River
Mula , Mutha and Mula-Mutha River
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1.8 Regulatory Framework

The Government of India has laid down various policy guidelines, regulations, acts and
legislations pertaining to sustainability and mitigation of the environment and its various
components. The statutory requirements for the proposed project are discussed briefly as
follows:
EIA Notification 14th September, 2006 and amendment
The Proposed Project Mula, Mutha & Mula-Mutha River Rejuvenation at Pune falls under
Township & Area Development, section 8 (b) as per EIA Notification and subsequent
amendment. Hence the proposed project requires Environmental Clearance from EAC,
MoEF&CC as per Notification No. S.O. 3999(E) dated 9th December, 2016, covering an area
of >150 ha will be considered as category ‘A’ projects.
Therefore, as part of its EC process, PMC submitted relevant documents, namely Form-1 (as
per the EIA Notification 2006, as amended) along with a copy of Pre-Feasibility Report (PFR)
and proposed Terms of References (ToRs) for carrying out Environmental Studies, to the
MoEF& CC dated 20th April, 2017. Terms of Reference (ToR) granted by EAC-MoEF& CC
vide letterF No. 21-193/2017-1A-III dated 10th August, 2017.
Baseline Environment Monitoring was carried out from October, 2017 to December, 2017
(winter season).The proponents have commenced the process of obtaining the required
Environmental Clearance from concerned authorities.
The Environment (Mitigation) Act, 1986

The Environment (Mitigation) Act, popularly known as EP Act, is an umbrella legislation that
supplements existing environmental regulations. Empowered by the EP Act, the Ministry of
Environment and Forests (MoEF&CC), the Government of India has issued the following
notifications regulating the siting of industry and operations, procuring clearance to establish
industries and development of projects with appropriate Environmental Impact studies, coastal
zone regulations and many other aspects of environment through notifications issued from time
to time. The key environmental laws and related regulations are given in Table 1.1
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Table 1.1 Environmental Regulation and Legislation

Sr. Applicability Reason for
Act/Rules Purpose Authority
No. (Yes/No) Applicability
Chief
The Wildlife Mitigation No Wild Life Conservator
Wildlife Act,1972 has been Sanctuaries Wildlife, Wildlife
1 (Mitigation) formulatedin order to No exists within 10 wing, state
Act 1972 protect the wildlife in km radius of forest
sanctuaries. project site. department,
MoEF&CC,GoI
Land Marginal Public Revenue
Sets out rule for
Acquisition and Private Department,
2 acquisitionof land by Yes
Act, 1894 (As land acquisition State
govt.
amended) is involved. Government
The Air To control air pollution This act will be
(Prevention by controlling applicable
3 and Control of emission of air Yes during the SPCB
Pollution) Act, pollutants as per the construction
1981 prescribed standards. stage
This act is
Water To control water
applicable for
Prevention pollution by controlling
The
4 and Control of discharge of Yes SPCB
construction
(Pollution) act, pollutants as per the
stage of the
1974 prescribed standards
project.
This act will be
The Noise The standards for
applicable
Pollution noise forday and night
for all
(Regulation have been
5 Yes construction SPCB
and promulgated by the
equipments
Control) Rules, MoEF&CC for various
deployed at
2000 land uses.
worksite
This rule is
applicable both
during the
Municipal construction
Solid To manage collection, stage (from
Wastes transportation, generation of
(Management segregation, waste from MoEF&CC,
6 Yes
and treatment and Labour camp) CPCB, SPCB
Handling) disposal of and generation
Rules, municipal solid waste of waste
2000 from ghat users
during
operation
stage.
The Ancient Conservation of
Monuments cultural Archaeological
7 No -
and and historical remains Dept., GoI,
Archaeological found in India
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Sr. Applicability Reason for

Act/Rules Purpose Authority
No. (Yes/No) Applicability
Sites
and Remains
Act,
1958
Largely no
such
hazardous
waste is being
This act details out expected from
the ghat
requirement of development
Public Liability mitigation project hence
Act from hazardous this act is not
8 and Insurance materials and No Applicable. SPCB
act accidents and sets Contractor
1991 the need to abide
guideline how to store by this act if
theHazardous they store
materials. hazardous
substances
such as
petroleum
products, etc.
Mines and
Minerals
No new
(Regulation
quarries will be State
and Permission of Mining
developed for Department
9 Development) ofaggregates and No
minor minerals of Mining
Act, sand
like stone, soil, SEIAA/SPCB
1957 as
river sand etc.
amended
in 1972 and
Other applicable acts and rules mostly related to the construction activities are given below:
Contract Labour (Regulation & Abolition) Act, 1970

Engagement of labour, basic facility, and labour license to be obtained. This act will be
applicable for engagement of labour.
Minimum Wages Act, 1948
The employer is supposed to pay not less than the minimum wages fixed by appropriate
government as per provisions of the act. This act will be applicable for engagement of Labour.
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The building and Other Construction Workers (Regulation of Employment and

Conditions of Service) Act 1996 ad the Cess Act of 1996
All the establishments which are involved in any building or other construction work and employ
10 or more workers are covered under this Act; the employer of the establishment is required
to provide safety measures at the building or construction work and other welfare measures,
such as canteens, first-aid facilities, ambulance, etc. This act will be applicable for engagement
of Labour.
Child Labour (Prohibition and Regulation) Act, 2000
An act CL prohibit the engagement of child in certain employment in factory, mining and similar
other risky work. This act will be applicable to make sure not to engage any child Labour.
1.9 Scope and Methodology of the Study

EIA study involves three basic components, viz. identification, prediction and evaluation of
impacts. The scope of the EIA study incorporating the ToR obtained from the MoEF & CC, New
Delhi is as under:
• An intensive reconnaissance and preliminary collection of environmental information to
plan field study.
• Field studies to collect preliminary information, particularly on the quality of the physical
environment. Experienced scientists and engineers will collect the data.
• Baseline data generation and characterization of air, water, soil, noise and vegetation in
the 10 kilometre radius area (impact zone) over a period of 3 months.
• Preparation of Environmental Monitoring Program. Preparation of Environmental
Management plan suggesting suitable methods for mitigating and controlling the
pollution levels. Environmental monitoring plan is suggested for monitoring the pollution
loads at various facilities in the premises and to ensure compliance with the statutory
requirement.
1.10 Approved TOR for EIA Study

MoEF & CC, New Delhi has granted the Terms of References (TORs) for carrying out
Environmental Studies. (Annexure I -TOR Letter).
The EIA study has been conducted in-line with the approved TOR and taking into consideration
the structure of the report given in the EIA Notification 2006. The compliance to the approved
TOR has been presented in Table 1.2
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Methodology of EIA Study
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Table 1.2 ToR Compliance Status
Compliance
Sr. No ToR Point
(Reference in EIA report)
4.i Importance and benefits of the project. Chapter 8,Section 8.0

4.ii Present land use of the proposed project site. Chapter 3, Section 3.4
4.iii Copy of approved building sanction plan. Not Applicable
4.iv Status land acquisition. Approx. 85% of project area
readily available from Govt. Dept.
4.v Details of no. of floor along with built-up area to be Not Applicable as it is area
constructed in each block to be furnished. development project and not a
building construction project
4.vi Layout plan indicating road, greenbelt, drainage,
sewer line, STP, solid waste handling area, rain
Chapter 2
water harvesting structure, etc. in different color to
be furnished.
4.vii Layout of parking plan indicating entry and exit
Not Applicable as it is area
points of vehicular movement as well as traffic
development project and not a
management plan. Highlight the fire tender
building construction project
pathway.
4.viii Details energy conservation measures to be taken
(all points mentioned in the proposal such as
orientation to support reduced heat gain, use of
Chapter 2, Section 2.4.9
ASHRAE 90.1, use of ECBC compliant envelope
measures to be supported through drawings and
details in the proposal.
4.ix Thick greenbelt will be provided towards railway Yes, it is provided
line. chapter 2, secton-2.4.5
4.x Details of source of water supply along with Chapter 2, Section 2.4.10
permission to be submitted.
4.xi Excess treated sewage disposal plan/scheme to Chapter 2, Section 2.4.11
be submitted.
4.xii Prediction of ground level concentration from
the stack of DG set.
4.xiii Efforts shall be made to reduce capacity of DG set Chapter 2, Section 2.4.9,
and remaining standby power shall be met from
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Compliance
Sr. No ToR Point
solar energy.
4.xiv Treatment scheme for sewage and its recycling
Chapter 9, section 9.12
mode.
4.xv Details of rain water harvesting system to be
furnished. Clarity on recharge pits, storage PMC will have the plan
systems for rain water and use of appropriate implemented for the open area
filtration system for collected rain water to be Chapter 2, section 2.4.5
detailed.
4.xvi Calculation on sizing of solar water heating Not Applicable as its river
systems to be furnished. rejuvenation project
4.xvii A backup arrangement of at least 50% solar Not Applicable as its river
powered systems connected to the grid and at rejuvenation project. However,
least two solar powered lights and one solar street lights and construction
powered fan in each flat power shall be solar / power
saving LEDs.
4.xviii A management plan for excavation and
It will be prepared based on the
dewatering to ensure compliance to the CGWA
phases and monitored
guidelines and regulation.
4.xix Solid waste management plan along with area
earmarked for solid waste management scheme.
4.xx Management of excavated soil. Pollution control
measures to be taken to control fugitive emission
during construction phase including marble /stone
cutting.
4.xxi Layout plan indicating Greenbelt along with area
Chapter 2, Section 2.4.4 & 2.4.5
earmarked to be provided.
4.xxii An assessment of the cumulative impact of all
A street network augmentation
development and increased inhabitation being
plan has been worked out as part
carried out or proposed to be carried out by the
of master plan exercise
project or other agencies in the core area, shall be
Chapter 2, section 2.4.6
made for traffic densities and parking capabilities
Chapter 3, section 3.14
in a 05 kms radius from the site.A detailed traffic
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Compliance
Sr. No ToR Point
management and a traffic decongestion plan

drawn up through an organization of repute and
specializing in Transport Planning shall be
submitted with the EIA. The Plan to be
implemented to the satisfaction of the State Urban
Development and Transport Departments shall
also include the consent of all the concerned
implementing agencies.
4.xxiii A detailed qualitative and quantities list of all
direct and indirect activities to be undertaken at
the project site shall be presented with the EIA Noted, Chapter 4, Section 4.3 &
along with the expected impacts and mitigation 4.4
measures. The same shall be a part of the
detailed impact assessment also.
4.xxiv The impacts of impounding the rivers through the
construction of barrages shall be studied in detail Chapter 4, Section 4.3.2
and presented.
4.xxv The total quantum of wastes flowing into the river
Annexure II - Hydrology &
and the assimilation capacity of the river shall be
Hydraulic Study Report
studied during the entire stretch of the project.
4.xxvi The impact of the project on the hydro biology of
the river shall be presented along with the consent
Chapter 3, Section 3.12
status with respect to the entire spectrum of
aquatic life.
4.xxvii The use categories of water in the entire stretch
shall be mapped as per the river quality standards Chapter 3, Section 3.9
prescribed by the CPCB and the impact of the Chapter 4,Section 4.4.2
project on downstream uses assessed.
Standard ToRs
8(b) i Examine details of land use as per Master plan
and land use of project site. Analysis should be Chapter 3, Section 3.4
made based on latest satellite imagery for land
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Compliance
Sr. No ToR Point
use with raw images. Check on flood plain of any

river.
8(b) ii Submit details of environmentally sensitive places,
land acquisition status, rehabilitation communities/ Chapter 3, Section 3.1
villages and present status of such activities.
8(b) iii Examine baseline environmental quality along
Chapter 4
with projected incremental load due to the project.
8(b) iv Environmental data to be considered in relation to
the project development would be (a) land (b)
groundwater (c) surface water (d) air (e) bio Incorporated in the EIA report
diversity (f) noise and vibration (g) socio economic
and health
8(b) v Submit a copy of the contour plan with slopes, There is no obstruction of the
drainage pattern of site and surrounding area. Any natural drainage pattern due to
obstruction of the same by the project. the proposed project.
Contour plan has been shown in
8(b) vi Submit the details of the trees to be felled for the
project.
8(b) vii Submit the present land use and permission
No forest or agricultural lands will
required for any conversion such as forest,
be affected.
agriculture etc.
8(b) viii Submit the roles and responsibilities of the
developer etc for compliance of environmental Chapter 2, Section 2.5
regulations under the provison of EP Act.
8(b) ix Ground water classification as per the Central
Shown in Annexure XI
Ground Water Authority.
8(b) x Examine the detail of the source of water, water
requirement, use of treated waste water and Chapter 2, Section 2.4.10
prepare a water balance chart.
8(b) xi Rain water harvesting proposals should be made
with due safeguards for ground water quality. Chapter 2, Section 2.4.5
Maximize recycling of water and utilization of rain
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Compliance
Sr. No ToR Point
water. Examine details.

8(b) xii Examine soil characterstics and depth of ground There will be no groundwater
water table for rainwater harvesting. recharge by rain water
harvesting. Rain Water will be
directed to the river bed to ensure
good water quantity throughout
the year.
8(b) xiii Examine details of solid waste generation
treatment and its disposal.
8(b) xiv Examine and submit details of use of solar energy
and alternative source of energy to reduce the Street lights fitted with solar
fossil energy consumption. Energy conservation panels will be installed.
and energy efficiency.
8(b) xv DG sets are likely to be used during construction
and operational phase of the project. Emissions
from DG sets must be taken into consideration Noted
while estimating the impacts on air environment.
Examine and submit details.
8(b) xvi Examine road/ rail connectivity to the project site
and impact on the traffic due to the proposed
project. Present and future traffic and transport
facilties for the region should be analysed with Chapter 3, Section 3.14
measures for preventing traffic congestions and
providing faster trouble free system to reach
different destination in the city.
8(b) A detailed traffic and transportation study should
xvii be made for existing and projected passenger and Chapter 3, Section 3.14
cargo traffic.
8(b) Examine the details of transport of materials for Materials for construction will be
xviii construction which should include source and purchased from domestic
availibility. markets and will be transported
by trucks.
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Compliance
Sr. No ToR Point
8(b)xix Examine separately the details for construction

and operation phase both for Environmental Chapter 9 and Chapter 6, section
Management Plan and Environmental Monitoring 6.5
Plan with cost and parameters.
8(b) xx Submit details of a comprehensive Disaster
Management Plan including emergency Chapter 7
evacuation during natural and man made disaster.
8(b) xxi Detals of litigation pending against the project, if
No such litigation pending against
any, with direction/ order passed by any court of
the project.
law against the project should be given.
8(b) xxii The cost of the project (capital cost and recurring
cost) as awell as the cost towards implementation Chapter 6, section 6.6
of EMP should be clearly spelt out.
8(b) Any further clarification on carrying out the above
xxiii studies iincludiing anticipated impacts due to the
project and mtigative measures, project proponent Noted
can refer to the model ToR available on Miiniistry
Website
1.11 Structure of the Report

This EIA report has been prepared on the basis of available on-site primary data (survey/
monitoring) and secondary/literature data. The EIA report contains project features, baseline
environmental setup, assessment of environmental impacts, and formulation of mitigation
measures, environmental management and monitoring plan with risk & disaster management
plan.
The report includes 11 Chapters. The executive summary is at the beginning of the report. The
structure of the EIA Report with necessary tables, drawings and Annexure is as follows:
Chapter 1: Introduction
This chapter provides background information on need of project, need of EIA study and brief
of the project. It also covers the identification of project and project proponent, brief description
of nature, size, location of the project and its importance to the country and the region.
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Chapter 2: Project Description
This chapter deals with the project details of the proposed area development project.For the
necessity of the project, location, area of the proposed project including associated activities
required by and for the project, proposed schedule for approval and implementation, including
technical details of raw material, quality and quantity etc during construction phase.
Chapter 3: Description of the Environment
This chapter presents the existing environmental status of the study area of 10 km around the
proposed project including topography, drainage pattern, water environment, geological,
climate, transport system, land use, flora and fauna, socio-economic aspects, basic amenities
etc. Environmental assessment of the proposed project site in regard to its capability to receive
the proposed new development is also discussed in this Chapter.
Chapter 4: Anticipated Environmental & Social Impacts and Mitigation Measures
This chapter describes the overall impacts of the proposed project activities and underscores
the areas of concern, which need mitigation measures. It predicts the overall impact of the
proposed project on different components of the environment viz. Air, Water, Land, Noise,
Biological, and Socio-Economic.
Chapter 5: Analysis of Alternatives
This chapter describes the alternatives considered in the project towards improving the project.
Chapter 6: Environmental Monitoring Program
This chapter discusses the details about the environmental monitoring program during
construction and operation phases. This chapter describes technical aspects of monitoring the
effectiveness of mitigation measures (including measurement methodologies, frequency,
location, and data analysis, reporting schedules, emergency procedures, detailed budget and
procurement schedules.
Environmental Monitoring Program is implemented during construction and operation phases

of the project. The objective of Environmental Monitoring Program is to assess the adequacy of
various environmental safeguards and to compare the predicted and actual scenario during
construction and operation phases. This enables suggestion of remedial measures not
foreseen during the planning stage but arising during these phases.
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Chapter 7: Disaster Management Plan
The Disaster Management Plan is, identification of various hazards addressed qualitatively and
gives a broad identification of risks involved in the project operation.
Chapter 8: Project benefits
This chapter describes the benefits of this project not only for the riverfront but also for its city
and citizens.
Chapter 9: Environmental Management Plan
This chapter describes the inferences drawn from the environmental impact assessment
exercise. It describes the overall impacts of the proposed activities during construction and
operation phases and underscores the areas of concern, which need mitigation measures.
There will be description of EMP cell that remains in operation during construction and
operationd phase of the project. It describes responsibilities of the office bearing members of
cell responsible for mitigation of environment.
Chapter 10: Conclusion
This chapter provides the summary and conclusions of the EIA study of the proposed project
with overall justification for implementation of the project and also explanation of how, adverse
effects will be mitigated. This chapter also includes the conclusions of the Public Hearing.
Chapter 11: Disclosure of the Consultant
This chapter describes the name and details of the consultant responsible for this study.
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CHAPTER 2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION

2.1 Introduction
Pune lies on the western margin of the Deccan plateau, on the leeward side of the Sahyadri
mountain range, which forms a barrier from the Arabian Sea. Central Pune lies at the
confluence of the Mula and Mutha Rivers. The Mula-Mutha River formed by the confluence of
the Mula and Mutha rivers in the city of Pune further meets the Bhima River. The Pawana and
Indrayani Rivers, tributaries of the Bhima River, traverse the north-western outskirts of Pune.
The total length of the three rivers Mula, Mutha and Mula-Mutha traversing
through Pune Municipal Corporation is approximately 44 km whose widths vary from 80m to
250m.At present these three neglected rivers are creating unhealthy and insanitary
surroundings and are characterized by encroachments due to unplanned development. The
city has turned its back to these rivers. In order to cope up with these current issues and create
a meaningful public realm along the rivers, the Pune Municipal Corporation has taken up the
River Rejuvenation Plan for all three rivers in the entire Pune Municipal Corporation area along
with Pimpri-Chinchwad Municipal Corporation, Kirkee Cantonment Board &defence authorities.
This Report provides a brief background of the River Rejuvenation Project for Mula, Mutha and
Mula-Mutha Rivers and their context within the region and Pune city. It comprehensively
analyzes and compiles all the parameters of the existing rivers and their surroundings. In
addition to this, present issues have been identified and ways to address the problems to
transform the rivers into an asset for the city have been suggested. There port aims to present
a master plan for the riverfront that will transform the waterfront into a vibrant socio-cultural
destination and improve people’s interaction with nature, developing a nature oriented
sustainable public space which will enhance quality of life of the residents, improve the
environmental health of the city and add to the green cover in the city.
2.2 Project Extent

Mula River originates from Mulshi dam and navigates around 64 Km to meet Mutha River at
Sangamwadi. Out of this, around 22.2 km of downstream stretch of the river is within PMC
area. Several villages lie along the Mula River within the PMC and PCMC area. Similarly Mutha
River originates from Khadakwasla dam and navigates around 15km to meet Mula River. Out
of this, around 10.4 km of downstream stretch of the river is within PMC area. Many villages
and old city area are along the Mutha River within the PMC area. After the confluence of Mula
and Mutha rivers, the combined river Mula-Mutha navigates from east to west part of the city
and meets Bhima river downstream around 50kmaway from the confluence, out of this 11.8 km
lies within PMC area. The total length of the three rivers traversing through project area is
44km approximately.
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The entire 44 km of river length in project area is not only under Pune Municipal Corporation,
but also has adjacency to theother administrations such as Pimpri Chinchwad Municipal
Corporation and Defence Area. The Mula River forms the edge between Pimpri-Chinchwad
Municipal Corporation (PCMC) on the north and the Pune Municipal Corporation (PMC) to the
south. It also flows through Kirkee Cantonment Board, College of Military Engineering and
Pimple Nilakh Defence areas before joining Mutha River at the Confluence. Therefore all the
administrations were involved as stakeholders of this project since the beginning. Figure 2.1,
shows Mula, Mutha and Mula-Mutha rivers- the major rivers of Pune city. Mostly these rivers
passthrough the urbanized parts of the city. These rivers have ecological as well as cultural
and historical value for Pune city. The objective of this project is to improve the existing
condition of the rivers and make them more accessible and enjoyable for the people of Pune.
Figure 2.1 Pune and its river
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2.3 Details of the Study Area

Mula River originates from Mulshi dam and it navigates around 64 Km to meet Mutha River at
Sangam wadi. Out of which around 22.2 km of downstream stretch of the river is within PMC
area. Several villages lie along the Mula River within the PMC and PCMC area. Similarly,
Mutha River originates from Khadakwasla dam and it navigates around 15km to meet Mula
River at Sangam wadi. Out of which around 10.4 km of downstream stretch of the river is within
PMC area. Many villages and old city area are along the Mutha River within the PMC area.
Whereas after the confluence of Mula and Mutha rivers, the combined river Mula-Mutha
navigates from east to west part of the city and meets Bhima river downstream around 50km
away from the confluence, out of which 11.8 km lies within PMC area.
The total length of the three rivers traversing through project area is 44 km approximately. The
entire 44 km of river length in project area is not only under Pune Municipal Corporation, but
also has adjacency to the other administrations such as Pimpri Chinchwad Municipal
Corporation and Defense Area.
Figure 2.2 Layout showing Project Area
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Figure 2.3 Study area of 10 kms
Figure 2.4 Project Area
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Table 1.3 Environmental Features of the Project Site

Sr.
Particulars Details
No.
1 Latitude 18°31’49.84"N
2 Longitude 73°51'36.78"E
3 Elevation above MSL 560 m above Mean Sea Level
Annual Mean Maximum Temperature : 39°C
4 Climatic Conditions Annual Mean Minimum Temperature : 12°C
Annual Mean Maximum Rainfall : 722 mm
Present land use at the
5 Mula, Mutha & Mula-Mutha River
location
6 Nearest Town/City Pune
7 Nearest Railway Station Pune Junction (1 Km, SE)
8 Nearest Airport Pune Airport (4 Km, E)
NH-9 (Pune-Solapur Highway)
9 Nearest Highway SH-60 (Old Mumbai-Pune Highway)
SH-48 (Mumbai-Pune Bypass)
Aga Khan Palace (1 Km, N)
Historical/ Archaeological Shaniwarwada Palace (0.35 Km, SE)
10
places Vishrambaug Wada (0.9 Km, E)
Pataleshwar Caves,
No Wild Life Sanctuary within 10 km of the
study area,
Bhimshankar Wildlife Sanctuary (57.5 Km,
11 Wild Life Sanctuary
NNW)
Mayureshwar Wildlife Sanctuary (47.8 Km,
ESE)
Bhosari MIDC (6.5 Km, N)
Kharadi Industrial area (0.3 Km, N)
List of Major Industries Rajiv Gandhi Infotech Park, Phase I,
12
(within 10 km) Hinjawadi (3.2 Km, W)
Rajiv Gandhi Infotech Park, Phase II,
Hinjawadi (5.7 Km,W)
13 Seismic Zone Zone –III
A. Contexts
a. Historic Contexts
The growth of city relates directly to the activities and events that occurred along its rivers.
The timeline also shows that improvement of infrastructure facilities along the river, for
example, making provision for water and sewage disposal (development of aqueducts,
construction of underground sewerage system) and bridges have played a significant role
in the expansion of the city, evident through its growth pattern.Figure 2.1 show the growth
of Pune city wither ference to its rivers. The growth of the city over the time reflects the
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significance of the rivers as the development began and continued to extend along the
rivers.
Figure 2.5 Growth of Pune city with reference to its rivers
b. Regional Context
Pune is the second most populous city of the state of Maharashtra with a population of
31.15 lakhs and an area of 243.84 sq km (2011) Pune city’s adjacency to Mumbai
Metropolitan city is the real boost for its economic growth. Pune city is well-connected to
the important metropolitans - Mumbai, Hyderabad, Bangalore, etc. by air, rail and road.
Major National and State Highways passing through the city, connect it with all major cities
of Maharashtra such as Nashik, Ahmednagar, Solapur, and Kolhapur as shown in Figure
2.2, ensuring cultural, economic and religious dependency.
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Figure 2.6 Regional Context of the Project Area
c. Natural Water System

Pune is blessed with Mula and Mutha Rivers that originate in the Sahyadri ranges and
traverse across Pune. Both Mula and Mutha Rivers are dammed in their upstream. Mutha
River has four dams- Khadakwasla, Warasgaon, Temghar and Panshet while Mula River
has Mulshi Dam that controls the release of water in the rivers. The three rivers and their
catchment areas have been shown in Figure 2.3. Significant numbers of Nalas like Ambil
Odha, Bhairoba Nalla, Nagzari Nalla, Erandwane Nalla, etc. are drain into the Mula, Mutha
and Mula Mutharivers as shown in Figure 2.6. Many of these are in natural state, some are
also channelized. These nallas bring untreated sewage into the rivers. The urban
development along the river has taken place in a haphazard manner and at quite a few
locations; nallas are getting encroached by the development resulting into spillover of water
during the rainy season.
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Figure 2.7 Mula, Mutha, Mula-Mutha rivers, their catchment area and the upstream dams
Figure 2.8 Map showing natural water system – rivers and nallas in Pune
d. Activities
At present, the Mula, Mutha and Mula-Mutha rivers are used for various religious as well as
recreational activities.There are many temples and Visarjan Ghats along the Mutha river
near old city area. Some of these are Omkareshwar Temple, Shiva temple, Ahilyabai
Holkar Ghat, etc.There are many crematoriums especially along the Mula River. At present,
the ash after the burning ritual from these crematoriums is dumped directly into the river.
Boating has been an important recreational activity in Pune. Over the time, boating
activities have declined significantly owing to the decreased water level and increased
pollution in the rivers. Royal Connaught Boat Club near Bund Garden and COEP Boat Club
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are the popular spots for boating activities. Dhobi Ghat is another activity carried out on the
river bed land at some locations like near Vartak Garden on Mutha River and near HH Aga
Khan Bridge in Mula -Mutha River,all activities are shown in figure 2.6
Figure 2.9 Map Showing Different Activities along the River Banks
e. River Condition
Pune city is blessed with a total river length of 44km. The growth of Pune city over the time
reflects the significance of the Mula, Mutha and Mula-Mutha rivers as the city’s
development began and continued to extend along these rivers. However, currently rivers
in the Pune city are victims of neglect and disregard. With the fast pace of urbanization the
quality of water in therivers have also deteriorated drastically. People’s perception of
Pune’s rivers was carefully understood based on various site investigations and
stakeholder consultations. The illustration below shows the pressing issues of Pune’s
rivers, which has over the time transformed a beautiful river into a polluted drain that the
city has turned its back to. The proposed Master Plan focuses on improving the condition of
the rivers based on thorough analysis of the current situation.
B. Geo Technical Investigation – Site Analysis

Complete geotechnical investigation was undertaken to obtain the required subsurface
information to study and to indicate the nature and behavior of soil/rock under the
application of load of proposed structures under Pune River Rejuvenation Project. Refer
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Annexure 3 Geotechnical Investigation Report. The investigation was undertaken by

digging bore holes along the alignment of proposed river embankment. The locations of
bore holes were selected in such a manner that subsoil profile for all the three rivers i.e.
Mula, Mutha and Mula-Mutha and at the junction of three rivers covering both banks of the
river. For these the test bores were selected in a staggered manner along each bank. The
terrain and accessibility were also considered during the selection of location of test bores.
Geo-technical Investigation was carried out at 30 locations (shown in Figure 2.7 & 2.8) to
obtain required subsurface information, to study and define the nature and behavior of soil.
The findings of Geo Technical Investigation carried out are enlisted below
Based on the subsurface investigations at the site (bore logs), the following were the
findings:-
The subsurface comprises of mainly three horizons -
• Stratum 1
This overburden stratum consists mainly of alluvial and residual soils. This stratum is
superficial and has thickness of about 0.5 to 2.5m up to BH 22. After location of BH 23, the
thickness of over burden increases and reaches up to about 5m at certain locations. Soils
are typically saturated. The general consistency of the soil is soft becoming stiff towards
depth.
• Stratum 2
This consists of moderate to highly weathered and fractured rock with soil infilling. This
stratum does not exist at all exploration locations but found at random all along the
alignment.
• Stratum 3
This stratum consists of moderate to slightly weathered, moderately weak to moderately
strong and massive Amygdaloidal Basalt.
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Figure 2.10 Map Showing Different Locations of Geo-technical Investigations
Figure 2.11Geo technical Investigation
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In general it can be said that after about 1.5 to 2m from bed level rocky stratum is
encountered. Changes in the water content of a highly expansive soil can result in severe
distress to structures constructed on or against the soil. At site such expansive clays are
encountered at few locations. Necessary measures are needed to be taken to protect
structure from swelling pressure. Ground water table is encountered at around 1m depth in
March to April, 2016 during depth investigation. The excavated soil except top layer of
clays of high plasticity soil can be used in the foundation trenches, in plinth of the structure
and in sub base of pavements. The excavation may remain vertical for shorter duration
during construction therefore it is desirable to keep the side slope in excavation to be at
least 1V:0.5H and with berms of about 1m width at vertical spacing not exceeding 3m for
deep excavations. The investigation data, findings and recommendations have been
incorporated in the report submitted on June 11, 2016.
C. Topographical Survey
This section elaborates on the data and findings of a survey conducted to understand the
Topographical character of Pune’s rivers and theirsurrounding areas. A survey helps in
examining the obstacles to the flow of water, levels ofthe river bed and surrounding area,
the existing site conditions indicating extent of development along the river, the natural
water system, and the existing scenario of heritage structures, cultural sitesand public
spaces abutting the river land. This analysis helps in framinga more inclusive and context
driven solution to the given situation. In order to prepare the Master Plan which can be
commenced on site, it is very essential to prepare a base map which accurately captures
ground level critical informations. Thus, the topographical survey of the entire project area
i.e. 44 km of river length and 50 m of surrounding area have been conducted (Figure 2.13).
Figure 2.12Topographical survey conducted for the entire 44 km of the river and 50 m of
surrounding area
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Figure 2.13Topographical Survey Map of Mula, Mutha & Mula-Mutha River and its Surrounding
Area
With due permission from various authorities such as PMC, PCMC, KCB, CME, BEG,
Defense areas, etc. this detailed survey was carried out for the entire river length. First,
traverse circuit, benchmarks and river profile were established. All existing details within the
project area, such as river edge, buildings, slum pockets, wire fencing, compound walls,
location of outfalls, HT lines & poles, major trees, roads, footpath, bridges including their
top and bottom level, ground levels, places of worship, etc., were mapped. Cross sections
were prepared at every 25 m interval to provide base data for hydraulic analysis of the
existing river conditions. The existing land uses in the project area have been surveyed to
include categories such as agricultural, residential, commercial, institutional, industrial,
religious, etc. It shall also indicate building height information. Entire 44 km of riverbed and
50m of surrounding area have been surveyed. The topographical survey maps for Mula,
Mutha and Mula Mutha Rivers and its surrounding area were submitted to Pune Municipal
Corporation on August 16, 2016 (Shown in Figure 2.11).
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The various details that were mapped in topographical survey have been enlisted below –
River bed
• Spot levels
• Contours
• River bottom and top edge
• Location and details of piped outfalls, drainage pipelines and manholes
• Culverts
• Bridge- column details, bridge top level, soffit level
• Check dam
• Weir
• Barrage
• Ghats & steps
• Temple, Visarjan tanks and Otlas
Surrounding area
• Spot Levels
• Contours
• Building Height
• Permanent structures/ buildings/otla /shed
• Fences
• Retaining walls/ embankment wall
• Compound walls
• Footpath
• Location of nallas
• Location of manholes
• Trees – type and diameter of trunk
• Light poles
• Electric poles
• Sub station
• High tension lines
• Road
• Railway Tracks
Cross - sections of the existing ground profile are essential to understand the contours/
levels of the river bed and surrounding area. The exercise of preparing topographical
survey includes preparation of Cross -sections for the entire 44 km stretch of river at 25 m
centre to centre distance. These cross - sections were further used for the preparation of
Hydraulic model of the river.
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D. Base Map as per land records

Preparation of Base Map process was carried out in close coordination with the various
departments like Department of Land Records, Revenue Department and Pune Municipal
Corporation. The time taken for the entire study was more than a year, as it involved
surveying of the entire project area and later preparation of maps based on the revenue
records. Frequent coordination with the team of Department of Land Records and the
officials were held to review the data and progress of work.
The data was gathered from all four divisions of land records department- CTS 1, CTS 2,
Haveli and PCMC. The compiled data including details of City Survey numbers, final plots
of TP Scheme,Survey No., Survey hissa, 7/12 details and property card details for all 28
villages. After the submission of preliminary base map to Land Records Department, Pune,
the DILR team had to review and approve the same.
The approval of the Base map is a rigorous process and involves the following steps -
• Land Records Department, Pune publishes a public notice inviting suggestions and
objections from the citizens within a period of one month. Ground truthing work will have
to be carried out for onsite verification.
• The comments and suggestions suggested by the Land Records Department, Pune will
be further, incorporated by the consultants. Further this Revised Base Map will be
submitted to Land Records Department, Pune for final approval.
As soon as the exercise is completed, a map demarcating the river boundary with the river
land required to be used as a project boundaryis made. Final Base Map is used for detailed
design drawings for Part 2of the project.
The Combined approved Base Map shown in figure 2.12
Figure 2.14Approved Base Map
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E. Hydrology and Hydraulics

a. Inundated Area
Lean period flow Peak period flow
The overall topography of Pune and its river system have been discussed earlier. The
illustrations above show how the seasonal changes affect the level of water in the river bed
throughout the year. During the dry seasons, the river is reduced to a narrow stream – the
lean period flow shown in the Figure 2.13. However, during the monsoons, the river brims
with water (peak flow) as shown in the Figure 2.14. Pune city was originally a small
settlement on the banks of the river. Historic embankment walls still seen today suggest
that Pune city was a small settlement on higher land on the banks of the river. However,
over the time, the city has spread exponentially. Today the development surrounds the river
and at some places is also seen within the river bed. Thus, during monsoons, such
developed areas within the river land and inundation areas are most vulnerable to floods.
As per Figure 2.15 photographs show the periodic flooding of the river every monsoon. The
situation will be worsened even more in the case of 25yr or 100yr flood.
Near Bund Garden Baba Bhide Bridge August, 2016 (Source: CDSA Pune)
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Near Yashwantrao Chavan Bridge (Source: Irrigation Near Ahilyabai Holkar Ghat
Department)
Figure 2.15Images Showing Inundated Areas During Floods

Objective and Approach
Pune city is located in the North Bhima River Basin. The overall catchment area of the
three rivers extends up to theconfluence of Mula- Mutha and Bhima River. The Pune River
Rejuvenation Project recognizes that a considerable portion of the citylies within the
inundation lines thus, are vulnerable to floods. Thus, it is essential to understand the
hydrology and hydraulic character of the Mula, Mutha and Mula-Mutha rivers. This section
provides a description of the same compiles the various hydraulic parameters taken into
consideration and highlights the issues that affect the flood carrying capacity of the river.
Approach for Hydrology and Hydraulics Studies

A staged approach has been taken for the Hydrology and Hydraulics Studies. The first
stage has been the collection of data, both primary i.e.measured directly on the field, and
secondary i.e. measured, processed and made available by other organizations. The
second stage has been the planning stage, wherein the data collected and processed was
used to analyze the hydrology of the catchment, and the hydraulics and morphology of the
river. For the same, the following hydrology and hydraulic studies imperative to the project
were carried out:
• Review of various Hydrology and Hydraulic studies conducted earlier to find out the
probable maximum flood and HFL.
• Computation and further confirming the HFL/Water Surface elevation (WSEL) for design
flood, check flood and various flood dischargealong the project reach in natural as well as
in channelized section of various widths before and after the development of the project.
• Designing various bank mitigation work alternatives.
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Data
In order to understand the local context and verify the study outcomes various site visits
have been done by the team. It also includes various meetings, discussions and
presentations with all concerned departments such as Irrigation Department, CWPRS,
PMC etc for data collection, verification and reviews. The hydrological data were collected
for as long period as available from old records. The relevant hydrological data set was
received from irrigation department for aslong as available from old records of the Pune
Rivers as listed below -
• Maps indicating red line and blue lines demarcation
• Technical details for flood estimation
• Water shed maps
• Previous hydrology and hydraulics report
• Flood discharge data
• Discharge capacity of upstream dams
• Details of discharge controlling structures
• Details of existing bridges, check dams, weirs and barrages
• Gauging data.
b. Hydrology
The hydrology studies are done subsequent to collection of a range of existing data from
various government agencies. Hydrology includes thereview of rainfall events and
watershed characteristics to determine the runoff rates and resultant surface water flow. A
design storm is defined statistically the worst rainfall event which would occur once within
the design time period and which would produce the design flow for that period, for
example, a 1:100-year design storm would statistically occur within a 100-year time period
and would produce the 1:100-year design flood. A catchment area plan for the extent of the
rivers is prepared and further flood estimation is done.
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Figure 2.16Overall Catchment Area of the Three Rivers

Watershed
The overall catchment area of the three rivers extends up to the confluence of Mula-Mutha
and Bhima rivers. Though the project is focused on the River length within Pune Municipal
Corporation boundary, we have selected an overall reach of the River project course for
examining the watershed catchment of River for flood estimation purpose as shown in
Figure 2.17. Watershed catchment area plan for Mula, Mutha and Mula-Mutha River is
divided into different catchment areas as shown in Figure 2.17.
The Catchment of the three rivers in Pune being considered here also includes all
upstream water reservoirs and the tributary Pawana to Mula which drains a catchment area
of 501.2 km2 Total Catchment Area – 501.20 km2 + 797.56 km2 + 738.39 km2 + 58.82 km2 =
2095.97 km2. (approx) indicated in Figure 2.18.
Design Flood
For estimation of the design flood in Mula, Mutha and Mula-Mutha Rivertwo approaches
has been followed;
• Flood Frequency Analysis
• Hydro Meteorological Approach
A detail analysis to find out flood discharge has been mentioned in Chapter 3 of Annexure
2 Hydrology and Hydraulics Report. Based on all aspects, it was concluded that the flood
discharge as computed by Irrigation Department (indicated in Figure 2.14 on the adjoining
page) should be adopted for Pune River Rejuvenation Project.
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Figure 2.17Sub Catchment Watershed Area Plan

Flood Discharge (Cumecs)
Sr.
Particulars 25 Year
No
100 Year Return Period
Return Period
1232 (up to Babasaheb

1206
Ambedkar Bridge)
Mula River Up to confluence
1
of Pawana
1670 (up to confluence point
1536
with Pawanan)
Mula River after confluence of

2 3971 2875
Pawana up to Sangam
3 Mutha River 2835 1700
Mula - Mutha River up to

4 4762 3345
project end reach i.e. KT weir
c. Hydraulics
The hydraulic studies for the project include a study of the dynamics of the river flow with its
existing water ways and discharge, scouring ofthe river bed and stability of the bridges. The
hydraulic studies help inidentifying the obstructions to water flow, low lying bridges that may
need uplifting or strengthening and also helps in examining the possibilities of the edge
treatment in case of proposals.
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Hydrology and Hydraulics – Conclusion

From the studies and discussion, the following conclusions are as follows
• The flood discharge as computed by Irrigation Department should be adopted.
• In the light of aforesaid considerations, it would be fair to plan the streamlined cross section of the
river and the side embankment/walls such that they can contain a design flood discharge without
any overflow or outflanking and with adequate free board.
• A flood is a natural phenomenon and therefore occurrence of a higherflood cannot be ruled out.
In such a case adequate top and downstream mitigation can be provided to minimize the
resulting damage. Such overflows would occur even otherwise in the existing condition and would
not be the result of new construction. In fact, in the existing conditions flood discharge would have
caused overflows at certain locations which would now be prevented by streamlining the entire
crosssection of the river to this extent it could not overflow and this can be considered as a
distinct improvement.
• Different sections adopted for Mula, Mutha and Mula-Mutha RiverRejuvenation project is as
follows
– Rural Riparian
– Urban Riparian
– Engineering Section
• Water retention is proposed by construction of Barrages at various locations.
Hydrology and Hydraulics – Methodology
Based on the extensive analysis conducted for hydrology and hydraulics of the Pune rivers,
and periodic meetings and discussions held with experts of Irrigation department and
CWPRS scientists, a draft report was prepared and submitted to PMC. The Irrigation
Department, Pune asked for vetting of the same by CWPRS.HCP team worked in close
coordination with CWPRS to finalize the Hydrology and Hydraulics report. An additional
hydrology report with catchment area plan was also submitted to CWPRS on 8th March,
2017. Comparative statement of various flood discharge calculated for 100, 50, 25 year
return period and compliances to the observations made by CWPRS were also submitted.
The CWPRS have examined the report and have approved the same as per their letter
dated 26th December, 2017. The Final Master Plan and Detailed Project Report (DPR)
have been prepared based on this Final Hydrology and Hydraulics Report approved by
CWPRS (refer annexure 2).
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F. Opinion Survey
Methodology
Currently, rivers in the Pune city are victims of neglect and disregard totheir quality. While
planning for the betterment of the Rivers in Pune, it isvery important to understand the
citizen’s interactions with rivers andhow they foresee the area along the river in future. It is
very important tosensitize the citizens about the current state of rivers and degraded quality
of river ecosystems through various public awareness drives. However, it is imperative to
understand the perception of the citizensabout this situation.An opinion survey was carried
out to understand the citizen’s perceptionabout various problems of the river. The
objectives were to understandtheir level of interaction with the rivers, their perception and
level ofawareness about the problems faced by the rivers, and their aspirationsfrom the
River Rejuvenation Project.The methodology adopted for carrying out the opinion survey
has beenillustrated in Figure 2.21.
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Figure 2.18Methodology used for the opinion survey
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Figure 2.19Session for Team to Conduct Opinion Surveys
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Sample Selection
The opinion survey was limited to a 500 m buffer zone extending on both the sides of the
rivers within PMC, PCMC and KCB boundaries. A4% sample of all the households,
commercial or other institutional establishments (4708) were surveyed. As per 2012 PMC
election wards, Table 2.1, there are 30 wards which falls within this buffer zone. A detailed
questionnaire was prepared for the survey based on the demographics, respondent's
engagement with the river, existing state and problems of the river and objectives and
interventions of the project. For the detailed questionnaire refer annexure 5. The surveys
were conducted between October to January 2017.
Table 2.1PMC Wards List

PMC Wards
Ward Ward Name Ward No. Ward Name
No.
2 Kharadi Infotech Park 36 Kamla Nehru Park
6 Bopodi Gaonthan 37 Shaniwarwada
7 Pune University 38 Kasba Peth
8 Aundh ITI 40 Collectorate
9 Baner Balewadi 50 Mahatma Phule Mandai
13 Narveer Tanajiwadi 51 Tilak Smarak Mandir
14 Deccan College 52 Vaikunth Smashanbhoomi
17 Agakhan Palace 53 PL Deshpande Udyan
18 Vadgaon Sheri 54 Suncity Wadgaon Budruk
19 Vadgaon Sheri – Ganesh Nagar 56 Sarasbaug Parvati
20 Magarpatta City 53 Wakad
21 Koregaon Park 54 Pimple Nilakh

22 Naidu Hospital 58 Navi Sangvi
23 Junabazaar Kumbharwada 59 Madhuban
24 Balgandharva 60 Sangvi Gaothan
31 Shivane - Warje – Ramnagar 61 Hutatma Bhagatsingh School
32 Karvenagar – Gosavivasti 14 Dapodi Bopkhel
35 Deenanath Mangeshkar
Hospital
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Figure 2.20Map showing PMC and PCMC electoral wards (2012) covered in opinion survey and
opinion survey locations
Data Analysis
The opinion survey carried out provided us with valuable information about the aspirations
of citizens of Pune from their rivers and their surrounding areas. It also threw light on their
understanding of present situations and problems of the river and the city. The opinion
survey provided significant information regarding citizen’s present engagement with the
river, their involvement in current activities along the river, their frequency of interaction with
the river and their perception and awareness about the problems that the river is facing.
Also, the survey helped to understand better citizen’s perception of interventions to bed one
through the project and its objectives.The major concerns highlighted in the survey were
garbage dumping and sewage outfalls in the riverbed, loss of ecology, lake of accessibility
to the riverbed and flooding. The opinion survey conducted helped in understanding the
aspirations of the citizens. Many activities like walking and jogging tracks, cycling tracks,
additional green spaces and boating to activate the place were desired to be designed
along the river. The detailed analysis and conclusions drawn from the opinion survey
reportis attached in annexure 5. The aforesaid concerns of the citizens were prioritized for
the preparation of the Master Plan. The survey directed and supported the proposals,
which in turn shall improve and integrate the surrounding activities with the vibrant and
sustainable river edge.
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2.4 Existing Condition of the Study Area

Pune city is blessed with a total river length of 44km. The growth of Pune city over the time
reflects the significance of the Mula, Mutha and Mula- Mutha rivers as the city’s development
began and continued to extend along these rivers.
However, currently rivers in the Pune city are victims of neglect and disregard. With the fast
pace of urbanization the quality of water in the rivers have also deteriorated drastically.
People’s perception of Pune’s rivers was carefully understood based on various site
investigations and stakeholder consultations. The illustration below shows the thriving issues of
Pune’s rivers, which has over the time transformed a beautiful river into a polluted drain that
the city has turned its back to. The proposed Master Plan focuses on improving the condition of
the rivers based on thorough analysis of the current situation.
2.4.3 Threat of Periodic Flooding

A considerable portion of the area within the inundation lines is already developed and
hence is faces a threat of flooding. Encroachments have constricted the river causing
unnecessary flooding and obstacle to the flow of river.
Figure 2.21Periodic Flooding due to Heavy Rain
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2.4.3 Choked by development

Heavy urbanization in PMC and PCMC areas over the past few decades has led to haphazard
urban development along the river. At some locations, the development extends right up to the
edge of the river, thus, choking it.
Figure 2.22 Showing Development within Inundation Area
i. Polluted by outfalls
Significant number of piped outfalls discharges untreated sewage directly into the rivers. Such
outfalls carry the pollutants from the city and make the river water polluted.
Figure 2.23 Nalla near Mhatre Bridge on Mutha River&Erandwane STP outfall
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ii. Polluted Nalas

Significant Number of nalas discharges untreated sewage along with storm water directly into
the rivers, converting the river into a polluted ‘drain’.
Figure 2.24Nalla near Agriculture College (Model Colony)&Piped outfall near Bund Garden
iii. Dry River Bed

The Mutha and Mula Rivers in Pune have dams in their upstream, controlling the discharge of
water into them. Presently, the dams have stopped the flow of water into the rivers, keeping
them dry.
Figure 2.25Dry River Bed
iv. Inaccessible Banks

Pune’s rivers are not easily accessible. There are very few points where one can approach the
Rivers. While along most of its length, the banks are lined by private properties making the
River inaccessible for citizens.
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v. A barrier that divides Pune

Rivers pathway is the barriers that divide continuous landform of city but the frequent bridges
on river ensuring the good connectivity.
vi. Neglected and Underutilized

Pune’s rivers are underutilized and neglected. Over the time, the rivers have been transformed
into a polluted drain that the city has turned its back to. In its present conditioned the river is not
good to the ecology.
2.4.3 Project Proposals

While planning for the betterment of the Rivers in Pune, it is imperative tounderstand the
citizen’s interactions with rivers and their aspirations from the River Rejuvenation Project. Thus,
the vision of the project have been framed through our understanding of such expectations
from the periodic stakeholder consultations, opinion surveys carried out and inputs received
during numerous site visits and meetings. It is essential to develop a far reaching and all-
encompassing vision for the project. The vision framed for the project addresses overarching
and crucial aspects including socio cultural profile, heritage structures and precincts,
environmentally sensitive areas, quality of life, infrastructure, etc. The vision of the Pune
Riverfront Development Project is to create a “Safe, Clean, Beautiful and Integrated River edge
for Pune”. Critical to this vision, various objectives for the project were identified based on the
observations made during the detailed site studies and analysis and have been enlisted below-
• Reduce risk of flooding
• Clean the River and make it pollution free
• Retain and replenish water
• Create a continuous public realm along the river
• Conserve and enhance heritage structures
• Integrate slums
• Improve accessibility and connectivity
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2.4.4 Flood Mitigation Measures

To protect low-lying areas along the river from flooding by building a variety of well-modulated
embankments along thebanks of Pune’s Rivers. River embankments are constructed to
prevent the riverbank from collapsing during floods prevent erosion and also, prevent the flood
waterfrom entering into the surrounding area.
The primary function of these embankments is to protect the city fromflooding. However, for a
city like Pune, it is vital to design theseembankments in a way such that they create vibrant
public spaces andan accessible river edge. For the same, there can be various alternativesin
terms of its cross-sections, ranging from trapezoidal to rectangular.
However, trapezoidal cross- sections work better as they provide more natural looking, green,
vegetated embankments.
Based on the various parameters such as surrounding level ofdevelopment and availability of
river land, the embankment typologiesare defined. On broader level, there are 3 types of
developmentscenarios in existing surrounding areas such as Intensely Developed, Moderately
Developed and Sparsely Developed Areas.
The proposed riverembankment is not only an engineering solution which will decrease rick to
thesurrounding low lying area from floods, but will also enhance and revivethe natural ecology
of the river, protect the river land fromencroachments, elevate and integrate existing activities
and structuresof cultural and historic significance, provide continuous public realm andcreate
spaces for recreation, gathering and festivities. This section willhighlight the technical details of
all the components related to floodmitigation and embankment design.
Rural Riparian Embankment
As the embankments are designed for the rivers, they will complement the character of the
natural water body, encouraging agreen, vegetated, gentle sloping river edge with minimal
intervention tothe terrain. Such embankment design will be best suited in areas withless
development and where land is sufficiently available.
The illustrations show the case of such sparselydeveloped areas abutting the river where the
availability of land issufficiently high. The river and its edge lie in a polluted and degradedstate
and are not publicly accessible along most of its length. In such areas, the river flood mitigation
work can be done through minimalintervention, enhancing existing riparian edges that allow
vegetation togrow over the surface. This will enhance and revive the natural ecologyfloraand
fauna of the river and thus, can be termed as Rural Riparian Embankment (figure 2.19)
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Figure 2.26Rural Riparian Embankment
Urban Riparian Embankment

In case of moderately developed areas, where private property is in thevicinity of the river,
adequate land may not be available toaccommodate Rural Riparian Embankment. In such
cases, theembankment has been modified such that the flood mitigation work can be done
through sloped protective edges with green cover andpedestrian access at two levels. This
type of embankment can betermed as Urban Riparian Embankment, owing to the surrounding
urban
context.
The illustrations demonstrate a moderately developedarea along the river. Generally, the
sewers, storm water lines etc.discharge their contents into the river, consequently polluting it.
Thesloped embankment proposed has a pitching in the gradient 1:2 as per structural
requirements. The pitching in thistype of embankment can be formed using layers of sand,
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stone andcompacted earth which will allow vegetation to grow over the slopedsurface while still
reinforcing the river banks (figure 2.20).
Figure 2.27Urban Riparian embankment
The Urban Riparian embankment type can have design variations basedon site conditions and
availability of land. The illustration below shows one such design variation where retaining wall
has beenused due to lack of land available for construction of Urban Riparianembankment.
Another variation of Urban Riparian embankment has been illustratedhere highlighting the the
case where the difference in the level of theriver bed and Lower Promenade is considerably
high. Thus, the construction of lower level pitching leading to the river bed would not befeasible
owing to extensive filling work needed for the same.
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In a nutshell, depending on the land availability, Urban Riparian or Rural Riparian

Embankments have been provided with pitching along the rivers, with additional available land
distributed into spaces for parks, forests and other activities as per context.
Figure 2.28 Urban Riparian Embankment II, III and Illustrations
Figure 2.29
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Cleaning the River

Existing Outfalls
Significant number of Nallas like Ambill Odha, Bhairoba Nalla, Nagzari Nalla, Erandwana Nalla,
etc. bring untreated sewage into the rivers.Many of these Nallas are in natural state, some are
also channelized.The urban development along the river has taken place in a
haphazardmanner and at quite a few locations, nallas are getting encroached bythe
development resulting into spillover of water during the rainy season.Additionally, piped outfalls
discharge untreated water from STP into theriver directly, thereby polluting it.The map as per
(Figure 2.25) indicates the location ofpiped outfalls and natural nallas bringing significant
amount of stormwater and sewage into the river. There are 88 piped outfalls and morethan 50
natural outfalls on the Mula, Mutha & Mula-Mutha Riverterminating into the river. Of these,
outfalls in the Mutha river are 14, thatin the Mula river are 19 and in Mula- Mutha are 17.
Figure 2.30 Map showing Existing Outfalls
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Existing condition
The sewage network has been laid obstructing the natural drainage (Streams / Nallah).
Even in case of existing trunk lines leading to STPs, outfalls are notconnected to it and open
directly into the river, as seen in the case oftrunk sewer mains connected to Vitthalwadi STP.
The situation of the streams is highly polluted due to the abutting slumsdischarging sewage
into the nallahs. Ambil odha, a major Nallah connecting to Mula-Mutha, is polluted due to the
discharge from theslums.
The maintenance of the network is not being carried out periodicallywhich causes the sewer
mains to overflow at peak discharge.
During the monsoon, the sewage network gets flooded due to the runoffconnected to the
sewage network. This flooding discharges the sewagewater into the river.
The natural drainage is connected to the river without any treatment asseen in the newly
developed suburbs like Warje, Wadgaon. The reasonfor the same may be insufficient
treatment facility and inadequatedrainage network.
The diversity of native fish species & other aquatic life, in both Mula and Mutha rivers, has
gone down significantly due to pollution and loss ofhabitat. The fish diversity is been observed
for last 2 decades.
Sewage Treatment Plant:

The existing STP in Pune fall short in their treatment of the large amount of sewage generated.
Non-functioning STPs contribute directly to the pollution in the river by dumping untreated
water into the river. Under theJICA and NRCD schemes, 6 new STPs have been proposed
along theriver, in addition to capacity augmentation of 5 STPs, as shown in thetable.
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Figure 2.31 Map showing Existing Sewage Network
Existing STP Capacity
Existing Sewage Generation: 728 KLD
Existing STP Capacity: Untreated Sewage : 252 Additional Treatment

567MLD MLD Capacity: 364 MLD
Existing Sewage Generation Scenario
Table 2.2 Existing Sewage Treatment Plants
Existing Facilities Available for Sewerage Treatment
Sr no. Name of the STP Capacity (in MLD)
1 Bhairoba Nala 130
2 Erandwane 50
3 Tanajiwadi 17
4 Bopodi 18
5 Naidu Hospital Old* 90
6 Mundhawa 45
7 Vitthalwadi 32
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8 Naidu Hospital New 115
9 Baner 30
10 Kharadi 40
11 Total Capacity 567
A. Solid Waste Management Practices: Existing

Municipal Solid Waste Management (MSWM) has been a crucial issue while planning a
growing city like Pune. Municipal Solid Waste generation in Pune is among the highest in
Indian cities with an average 0.450 kg per person per day of waste being generated. Currently,
near about 1200-1300 metric tonnes solid waste is being generated per day. The source-wise
broad composition of solid waste generated in the city is Commercial 25%, Market Area 5%,
Hotels &Restaurants 25%, Vegetable Market 5% and Household 40%. Organic and bio-
degradable portion of solid waste is about 50% and therefore can contribute significantly in
solid waste management.
Out of the total solid waste generated i.e. 1200 to 1300 MT/day, about 50% contains the bio-
degradable solid waste and remaining is non-recyclable waste. Out of total 650 MT of bio-
degradable waste, 50 MT is treated in Bio-methanation plants, about 400 MT is segregated
and treated at Urali Devachi and about 200 MT biodegradable wastes is treated at Hadapsar
Industrial Estate No. I using vermin-composting on a plot, admeasuring 4 Acres. On this same
plot, the work of erecting another vermin-composting plant of 100 MT is in progress and will be
commissioned shortly. Out of this, 50% about waste is of non-recyclable waste and this is
treated at Urali Devachi by adopting Residual Derived Fuel technology and plastic pallatisation
technology. This is as per environmental status report.
B. Proposed Sewage Network

To improve the quality of water at upstream Mutha is severely deteriorated. To cater to the
same, Sewage Treatment Plants have beenproposed on the upstream side of Mutha River
at 2 locations (at Shivane& Ram Nagar) with tertiary treatmentfacility having a capacity of
30 MLD each which will improve the waterquality.
Table 2.3 Proposed Sewage Treatment Plants (under JICA & NRCD Scheme)
Sr. No Name of the STP Capacity (in MLD)

1 Bhairoba (Augmentation) 75
2 Mundhawa (Augmentation) 20
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3 Naidu (Augmentation) 127

4 Tanajiwadi (Augmentation) 15
5 Vadgaon 26
6 Warje 28
7 Botanical Garden 10
8 Baner 25
9 Kharadi (Augmentation) 30
10 Mental Hospital (Dhanori) 33
11 Mastya beej Kendra 7
Total Capacity 396
Figure 2.32 Map showing trunk lines proposed under JICA
Figure 2.33 Map showing proposed interceptor sewer network
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Figure 2.34 Map showing existing and proposed STP
C. Tertiary treatment facility

After thorough analysis of the various reports and documents, the outlet parameters of the
existing STP’s do not match with the standards by CPHEEO and MoEFCC. To prevent the
possibility of any adverse environmental and health impacts, the Riverfront Rejuvenation
project proposes the following remediation measures:
Tertiary treatment has been proposed at the outfalls of existing STP. The goal of providing
tertiary treatment is to remove non-biodegradable toxic organic pollutants, disable disease
causing organisms, and viruses, and other synthetic pollutants. They are removed by
activated carbon filters. Phosphate is removed by precipitation as calcium phosphate, and
nitrogen is removed by volatilization as ammonia. The above mentioned treatment can
maintain outlet parameters up to standard level, which will reduce health and hygiene
issues. The STP proposed under JICA has to be included within this facility.
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The existing treatment facility is 567 MLD, out of which 115 MLD recycled water is already
being used. 90% of the balance capacity is proposed for tertiary treatment.
As a method of tertiary treatment, Phytorid beds have been proposed to be installed at the
location of STP outfalls. Phytorid technology treatment, as illustrated in Figure2.34, is used
for the removal of fecal coli forms, BOD, COD. Nutrients are up to 95%, which is greater
than the traditional chemical methods. It is a cost effective technology as compared to the
traditional wastewater treatment methods. Since it utilizes natural vegetation and
rhizosphere microorganisms, it is an eco-friendly method of treating sewage. An important
factor to be considered is the aesthetic improvement that is provided by this methodology.
The quality of treated water is comparable to irrigation standards. To achieve the required
standards the outlet water from STP will be passed through root zones of the Phytorid beds
proposed along the river bank.
The map on the adjoining page (Figure 2.36) shows the location of tertiary treatment facility
proposed for STP outfalls.
Figure 2.35 Augment treatment capacity – Schematic explaining the need for tertiary treatment
to achieve outlet parameters that meets the required standards
Figure 2.36 Schematic diagram for Phytorid treatment
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Figure 2.37 Phytorid beds at Rainbow Drive, Sariapura Road, Bangalore
Figure 2.38 Map showing tertiary treatment facility for STP
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There are 88 piped and 50 open outfalls discharging into Pune’s rivers. These outfalls
carry a large amount of sewage and wastewater (2.3.3) discharging the same directly into
the river water, thereby polluting it to a considerable extent. The Project takes this into
consideration, and proposes treatment for this untreated sewage prior to discharging into
the river, the scheme for which is explained in detail further. The tertiary treatment facilities
for the outfalls follow a series of steps to ensure that the quality of water carried by these
outfalls meet the CPCB waste water discharge standards defined in MoEFCC draft
notification, dated 25th November, 2015. To achieve the same, gabion walls are proposed
in a C-Section, to meet the heavy flow of water down these outfalls. Large stones, grit,
plastics, and other solid wastes are separated from the water at this point. The water then
flows through these gabion walls onto a stone apron for further filtration, passing onto
Phytorid bed thenceforth where it achieves the requisite quality, flowing through a stone
apron as a final filter before discharging into the rivers. The entire treatment facility is
designed within the land available for the nallah. The map on the adjoining page
(Figure2.38) shows the location of gabion walls and phytorid beds proposed on 10 major
nalas that bring untreated sewage into the rivers.
Figure 2.39Gabion Wall and Phytorid Bed Detail
Figure 2.40 Map showing treatment for open outfalls by Phytorid beds
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D. Proposed treatment of Outfalls

There are 10 major outfalls connecting to Pune’s rivers, some of thembeing Ambil Odha
nallah, Vishrantwadi nallah, Balewadi nallah etc.Taking into consideration the large amount
of water these nallahsdischarge onto the rivers, it is not feasible to duct them considering
itssignificant quantum of effluent. Thus, these nallahs open directly ontothe rivers, post
treatment. The adjoining figures illustrate typical generalarrangement of the phytorid
treatment facility, however it is essential to calculate for each nallah based on the quantum
of effluent flowing in toit.
In this case, a pedestrian bridge is proposed where the outfall meets the river.The structure
of the bridge isproposed of modular units with openings of standard sizes to ensure
asteady and smooth flow of water. Owing to the same, thewidth of the nallahs have been
assumed as per standard dimensions of40m, 20m and 10m which may varry based on the
quantum of effluentflowing through the nalla and available width of the nalla. The deck
ofthe proposed bridge has been widened to 12m, merging with the upperembankment
seamlessly.
Figure 2.41 Plan showing the stages of treatment for open outfalls
Figure 2.42 Longitudinal Section showing the stages of treatment for open outfalls
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Figure 2.43 Cross sectional detail Plan showing the stages of treatment for ducted outfalls
2.4.5 Water Retention

Existing condition
Looking at the broader context, Mula and Mutha rivers are no more perennial in nature. The
upstream reservoirs control the flow of water in the river and release water during monsoon
depending upon the rainfalland water storage capacity of the reservoirs.
The existing few, small check dams and weirs built on Mula and Mula-Mutha rivers within
PMC area, hold someamount of water in upstream; however these water retention
structuresare not able to hold enough water. Thus, the river remains dry for aconsiderable
length. Major portion of water in the existing river is thedrainage water directly discharged
from the city and treated anduntreated effluent from the existing STPs. Majority of river bed
is dry or mostly holds polluted water. This polluted water creates unhygienic conditions and
odious environment.Analyzing the existing condition, the project comprehends the need
forreviving the river, so that the natural ecology can be revived, alsoincreasing the
aesthetical value of the existing neglected river land.
Figure 2.44 Map Showing Existing Water Retention Structures
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Figure 2.45 Map showing proposed water retention structures
Water replenishing mechanism

The proposed reservoirs in barrages shall store around 57122478 m3 of water in the river. Due
to rocky bed and not so harsh climate the evaporation and seepage loss during the peak days
is not more than 56160 m3/day (56 MLD) which can be replenished from the treated water of
STPs which is approximately only 6.6 % of water which will be treated from the STPs after
successful implementation of JICA project. In order to replenish treated water in the river a
replenishing supply line has been proposed from various STPs in 5 stretches of river marked
by the proposed water retention structures. Tertiary treatment plants have also been proposed
at the outfalls of existing STP to remove pollutants so as to achieve prescribed standards of
water quality.
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Figure 2.46 Map showing water replenishing mechanism
2.4.6 Cleaning, Aeration and Maintenance

In order to keep the retained water clean in the river, it is essential to do the cleaning and
maintenance work which is listed below:
▪ Cleaning of the river water and taking garbage out of the water.
▪ Water aeration through water fountains
Aeration fountains are proposed to maintain the desired DO level in the stagnantwater. These
fountains are located at 15 locations in the total stretch of 44 km. It is recommended to operate
these fountains for a minimum of 15 minutes in an hour. The frequency shall be higher in
summer.
Aeration systems induce circulation and add dissolved oxygen throughout the water body,
helping to mitigate the damage caused by excessive nutrient loading. Floating fountain
aerators will be used as aeration system. Submersed aeration systems release oxygen directly
into the water column at precise locations, and work extremely well for circulating large areas
of water and increasing oxygen levels in deeper water bodies. Other advantages of providing
revolving aerators/ aeration fountains include improving water quality, reducing algae growth,
removal of foul odour, enhancing habitat for aquatic organism, reduction of viable mosquito
breeding habitat and reducing accumulation of bottom sediment.
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Figure 2.47 Images Showing Examples for Cleaning, Aeration and Maintenance
2.4.7 Activating the Riverfront

Existing condition
At present, the river edge is inaccessible, lies barren and underutilizedand remains
neglected along most of the length.
Since the water is not retained in the river throughout the year, itautomatically loses its
value of appreciation. The city does notacknowledge its presence and overlooks its worth -
the city turns its’back to it. The project envisions to rejuvenate the river and to activate
itssurroundings. The proposal also desires to restore an asset which wasonce enjoyed by
the people of the city.
The riverpresently is lying in a state of despair. The proposals such as ensuringsmooth flow
of water, removal of obstructions, building flood mitigation embankments, installing of
STPs, construction of barrages and retentionof water have been discussed in the previous
section. Further, keepingin mind the cultural importance, existing activities (Figure2.47) and
needof accessibility to the river elements like promenades, ghats, visarjantanks at various
levels have been introduced. All these physicalinterventions shall provide a continuous
public realm promoting variousrecreational and leisure activities.The section further,
discusses these elements and their articulationspecifically designed to promote, and
incorporate varied activities. Allthese will enhance the character and bring back the
aesthetic value tothe riverfront.
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Mula River Mutha River

Figure 2.48 Existing condition of the river edge
Boat Club COEP- Mula River Dhobi Ghat near Vartak Garden- Mutha River
Dhobi Ghat near HH Aga Khan Bridge- Mula Mutha River

Figure 2.49Existing activities along the river edge
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2.4.6 Continuous public realm

The Pune River Rejuvenation Project will essentially reduce the threat offlooding and create a
public realm along the rivers, thus, providing Pune with vital river edges that enriche life in the
city.
The suggested embankment types shown here, are responsive to theexisting conditions-
topography, existing features, the intensity ofsurrounding development and the land available.
Building the embankment will also enable the creation of a continuous public realm along both
banks of Pune’s rivers (Figure 2.44). The lowerpromenade (minimum 6m wide) will be a
continuous walkway along theentire riverfront. The public promenades along the riverfront will
form adedicated pedestrian & cycling network. Having such a continuouspublic realm will
ensure that unlike today, people will be able to movealong the length of the river.
The promenades are designed to accommodate seating areas, jogging tracks and dedicated
cycling tracks. Lighting, dustbins, railings etc. areplanned to facilitate the activities. Lower level
promenades areconstructed to extend further connection to the river. They house ghatsand
visarjan tanks which have been further discussed in sections ahead. The development will also
integrate the river land, utilities, and existingparks and gardens along the river.
Figure 2.45 describes the character of the place imagined after theimplementation of the
project.
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Figure 2.50Visualizations showing continuous public realms on various embankment types
Figure 2.51 Map showing continuous public realm along the rivers
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2.5 Integrating and articulating Public access with embankments – Access stairs,
ramps and ghats
River embankments function not only as riverbed and riverbankmitigation systems, but also
as urban, civic spaces for public usage.The proposed flood mitigation embankments have
been designed toprovide two levels of continuous promenades all throughout the lengthof
the rivers.
Accessibility is absolutely essential for a public space to be successful.The access to the

lower promenade will be provided by means ofvarious typologies of stairs and ramps at
regular intervals.
To allow this, various public accesses have been articulated andintegrated in the Master
Plan at regular intervals of every 300 – 500 m.Such access is provided at strategic
locations such as bridges, ghats,city streets, parks, important public buildings, religious
places, etc.These access types have been illustrated here.
The design understands the need of accessibility to the river for both maintenance and
emergency purposes; and hence provision for both,pedestrian and vehicular access have
been made while preparing theplans.Two major types of access - perpendicular and
parallel to thepromenade have been designed and will placed strategically responding to
the site context.
Perpendicular Access
Such access is proposed along with the sloped embankment design.These steps can also
be coupled with ghats (steps leading to river bed). Alternatives for articulation of ghats can
be done in various ways. Forseamless integration with sloped pitching at the lower level the
ghats canbe designed as shown in Fig. 2.47. At locations where more space isneeded for
performing rituals, festivities and congregation, the ghat canbe designed as shown in Fig.
2.48.
Figure 2.52 Perpendicular access with ghats merging seamlessly with the lower level pitching
in Urban Riparian Embankment
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Figure 2.53 Perpendicular access with ghats where more space is needed for performing rituals
in the Urban Riparian Embankment
Figure 2.54 Parallel ramp access to cater to universal design in the proposed embankments
Ramps
Along with proposed access steps, ramps also need to be integrated forriverbanks to be
universally accessible. With a sloped embankmentdesign, the ramp can be built cutting
across the pitching, serving itspurpose and adding to the aesthetic appeal simultaneously,
as shown inFigure 2.49.
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Parallel Access
Parallel access types have been proposed in embankments with the RCCand Stone Retaining
wall. This type of access is preferably used whereriver land available is scarce or constrained.A
combination of parallel accesses and ramps have been proposed atseveral locations ensuring
that the public space is accessible for all(universal design). The slope of the ramp has been
given as 1:15 whichis comfortable for pedestrian movement.The possible arrangements with
parallel access/ steps have beenillustrated in Figure 2.50. Such steps can also be coupled with
ghats orwith visarjan tanks at strategic locations.
Figure 2.55 Alternatives for parallel access type
Figure 2.56 Integrating and articulating public access with embankments
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Existing ghats
Ghats or steps leading to the river have great cultural and historicsignificance for the citizens of
Pune. These have been used for variousreligious, historic and cultural activities such as
Ganesh Visarjan,bathing purposes, performing rites near crematoriums, washing clothes,etc.
since ages. Pune has numerous ghats along its rivers and many ofthese lie in a dilapidated
state today. These ghats are not maintainedproperly, many of them lacking connectivity to the
city as well. It is thusdeemed essential to restore these ghats and integrate them in thedesign
proposal.Additionally new ghats need to be introduced as they strengthen theassociation of the
people with the river. It also makes the riverfront amore vibrant, dynamic, highly spirited and
distinct public space.
Integrating ghats with embankments

The entire stretch of land-water interface was considered for developingprototypical design
solutions for ghats (steps leading to the river)illustrated in Figure 2.55. These have been further
adapted to the siteconditions and contextualized wherever required, for example - in caseof
historic areas, these ghats have been elaborately articulatedaccentuating the rich heritage of
Pune.
Figure 2.57 Alternative design proposals of ghats with embankments
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Figure 2.58 Map showing locations of Proposed Ghats
2.5.1 Existing Visarjan tanks

Ganesh Visarjan is an important festival celebrated with a lot of fervor and joy in Pune. The
festival also shows the significance of river in thelives of the citizens. The festival is marked
by public processionscarrying Ganesh idols and commemorating at the river bank where
theidols are immersed.
Immersing the Ganesh idols have added to the pollution levels of theriver water. In recent
years, the Pune Municipal Corporation has createdpublic awareness regarding the pollution
caused by the same. To curb the pollution, Pune Municipal Corporation have also built
visarjan tanksat various places so that people tend to immerse the idols in thesetanks.
There are many temples and Visarjan Ghats along the Mutha river nearold city area. There
are approximately 16 locations along the river wheresuch immersion tanks can be seen,
such as near Omkareshwar Temple,Shiva temple, Ahilyabai Holkar Ghat, etc. As shown in
the photographshere, these visarjan tanks are inadequate for serving such massivecrowds
during festive periods.
Thus, it is important to make provision for immersion tanks and integratethem aesthetically
with the river embankments such that they are visible,easily accessible and allow for
movement around them so that peoplecan perform their rituals comfortably. Locating these
tanks carefully is ofutmost importance as it will direct the crowd to these structures,
thus,encouraging them to perform visarjan in these tanks rather than theriver., thereby,
reducing water pollution.
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2.5.2 Integrating visarjan tanks with embankments

This section illustrates the design solutions developed for the proposed immersion tanks.
The idea is to create tanks that are larger, visually pleasant, are coupled with plaza or wider
promenades for gatherings and festivities and also remain segregated from the river water,
thus, curbing pollution.
At present maximum length of the river bank remains inaccessible, the ghats leading to the
river bed are dilapidated and poorly maintained, the banks are unkempt and dirty, facilities
like visarjan tanks are also not adequate.
The Master Plan for Pune River Rejuvenation Project understands the importance of such
temporal activities. The proposed embankments have been designed in a way to
aesthetically accommodate facilities like immersion tanks which will remain segregated
from the river water (the location of the proposed visarjan tanks have been shown in Figure
4.98). The options for the components like visarjan tanks, access steps/ ramps and
promenades are coupled and modified at various junctions to serve various needs and
functions depending on local context.
: Illustration showing integration of visarjan tanks in the proposed embankment design
Figure 2.59 Map Showing Locations of Proposed Visarjan tanks
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Integrating existing gardens with the Master Plan

There are some existing parks and gardens along the river like Sambhaji Baug, vartak garden,
bund garden etc. It is essential to ensure seamlessconnectivity between proposed riverfront
and these existing publicgardens along the project.The master plan is carefully tailored to
protect and enhance such publicspaces. The existing condition disregards the presence of a
water edge.The Master Plan aims at creating a continuous, accessible edge thatseamlessly
integrates various activities along the river like public parks,important buildings, structures of
cultural or historic importance, kiosks,eateries, boating facilities etc. creating a pleasant and
enjoyableenvironment.An attempt to integrate public parks existing along the river has
beenshown in Figure 2.59. The gentle sloping, vegetated rural riparianembankment type has
been proposed to merge with the garden.
Figure 2.60 Sections illustrating proposed embankment type for integrating existing parks and
gardens
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Existing gardens
Pune River Rejuvenation Project aims at integrating all public land, infrastructure, important
landmarks, public buildings, existing ghats,major streets with the riverfront. One such important
landmark isSambhaji Baug. The Baug, located on the banks of the Mutha river, is awell known
recreational space in Pune with large and mature trees and stepped garden which partially
submerges during monsoon. It isessential to integrate such an important landmark,
consequently,enhancing the existing public space.
Figure 2.61Map showing locations of gardens
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Existing religious places along the river

There are significant numbers of temples and dargahs along the river.Majority of the temples
are along the Mutha River. They are not well accessed and the premises are not well designed.
The proposal for river rejuvenation recognizes that these temples arenodes of public activity
and when planned well – coupled with plazasand space for gatherings, can be used as
important elements that canimpart a sense of place, vibrancy and legibility to the riverfront. The
master plan thus, proposes to enhance and integrate the surroundings of such landmarks and
make it well accessible.
Integrating religious places with the Master Plan
The visualization of the area around Omkareshwar temple shown hereillustrates the creation of
such a space, submersible during monsoonand accessible during dry season. The design
intervention includesrestoring and enhancing the space around the temple, creation of
plaza,redesigning the ghats, adding smooth curvilinear steps interrupted bycircular and
octagonal platforms leading to the river. The designendeavors to create a serene picturesque
environment complementingthe peaceful ambience of the temple.
Existing heritage structures

There are many structures of historic importance especially along MuthaRiver owing to its
proximity to the Old City area. These structures havebeen classified into three categories
by Heritage Cell, PMC - Grade I, II,and III. Shanivarwada and Pataleshwar Caves are
important heritagestructures and fall under ASI listed monuments. There are in total 25
heritage structures along the three rivers.
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Figure 2.62 Several heritage structure present within the project area
2.5.3 Land use

Balance land for Public Amenities
The Public land available, as shown in figure 2.62 and 2.64, afterbuilding flood mitigation
embankments, can be utilized for suitablepublic recreational activities. The land is above
the HFL, therefore theyare protected areas from the floods. However looking at the context
andavailability of land, these parcels are broadly identified as public greens.
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Figure 2.63 Image showing public amenities

Balance land for Public Amenities – 62Ha
Figure 2.64Public amenities
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2.5.4. Proposed Land use

The majority of river land i.e. 64% public land is under proposed riverwidth and 19% under
proposed types of flood mitigation embankments.However, the 17% remaining s divided
into various activities as shown inFigure 2.65.
The total remaining public land is identified for various uses as shown inFigure 2.64 and
2.66. Primarily the remaining land has been distributedinto three main categories –
• Public greens – This will include parks and gardens, open groundsand urban forests. It will
contribute and add to the existing greencover of the city.
• Public amenities and Utilities – This will include amenities such astemple ghats, visarjan
facilities, parking areas, dhobi ghat, publicplazas and food courts. Public amenities will ensure
that the proposedriverfront is active, vibrant, viable and dynamic. Also, utilities likeelectric
substations, pumping stations, toilets, drinking water facilityetc are also proposed along the
riverfront.
Of the land remaining, 74% is under public greens and 26% caters topublic utilities and
amenities.
Figure 2.65 Image showing proposed land use along the river
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Figure 2.66 Pie chart showing the division of land used for various requirements
Proposed Land use
Figure 2.67Map showing public amenities
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2.5.5. Proposed Land use – green cover

The Master Plan consists of a green network of parks, open spaces,urban forests and
public promenades that will preserve the naturalenvironment and create an important asset
for the city. Different kinds ofgreen public spaces have been proposed along the entire
stretch of thewaterfront so that there is a wider public accessibility and spread ofbenefits
and will add to the versatility of the public place. The proposedgreen network shall support
and enhance the existing naturalenvironment of the River.
Based on the land availability and contextual significance green spacesare divided into
following categories:
• Urban forests
• Parks and gardens
• Open grounds
Figure 2.68 Proposed Green Cover Along The Banks
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Proposed Land use - Gardens, Urban Forest and Open ground
Figure 2.69 Map showing proposed land use with green cover
Public Amenities
Many public amenities like food courts, kiosks, public plazas, organized outdoor vending
areas, craft bazaars, open grounds for events etc., areproposed all along the length of the
project. Ghats and jetties have beenproposed for recreational purpose. Adequate parking
provisions havebeen made in the master plan to support these activities on theriverfront.
The master plan proposes to develop a walkable waterfront with such public amenities,
making the riverfront a viable, vibrant anddynamic public space.
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Figure 2.70 View from the upper promenade
Balance land for Public Amenities – 62H
Figure 2.71 Map showing proposed land use with public amenities
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2.5.6. Proposed Green Areas/ Rain water harvesting

The Mula, Mutha and Mula-Mutha rivers lie in a state neglect and disregard at present.
These rivers remain dry for most of the year and have degraded the quality of the river in
ecosystems resulting into loss of ecology. The project proposes to widen the river and
intends to ensure retained flowing water all through the year for the entire 44km stretch
spread across the city. The retained water in the river will lead to ecological enhancement.
Also, the natural river bed will allow seepage of this retained water thus, enhancing the
water table of the entire city.
The project proposes well-modulated flood mitigation embankments that have been
carefully designed as green, landscaped, sloping edges to allow water percolation. These
green embankments will enhance the riparian edge, revive the natural ecology of the river,
allow percolation, direct the storm water flow to the river and will also add to the native
flora/ vegetation of Pune.
After development of flood mitigation embankments, the remaining land available for
development is very less and narrow in width, Thus, majorly, more than 70% of the
remaining land, has been proposed as public greens- urban forests, parks, gardens, open
grounds which will add to the existing green cover of the city and allow water seepage.
Some areas demarcated for public amenities and facilities will have hardscaped areas.
These will be carefully designed to divert their surface run off to permeable/ softscape
areas thus, encouraging more water percolation.
Thus, the project proposals aim at reviving and enhancing the natural ecology and ground
water table of the city.
2.5.7. Traffic Management / Ensuring traffic flow during execution

phase
The following measures have been proposed within the Mula, Mutha and Mula-Mutha River
Rejuvenation project to improve the street network in the surrounding areas for ensuring
accessibility to the riverfront development and reduce traffic congestion -
• Identification of existing surrounding streets that need to be improved in terms of

street design, carrying capacity, etc.
• Widening of streets that may cause traffic bottlenecks.
• Addition of new streets leading to the project as well as missing links between
abutting major arterials.
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• Prioritize implementation of DP Proposed streets and integrate them seamlessly in

order to enhance accessibility to the project.
• Some existing low lying roads within the river bed have been identified that shall be
removed. The next major parallel road is proposed to be strengthened in order to
cater the displaced traffic.
• The proposed embankments shall provide a continuous public realm with provisions
for pedestrian and Non-Motorized Traffic (NMT) across the entire 88km of river
length.
• The project also ensures adequate public parking provisions at important activity
areas along the proposed riverfront.
• The project has identified a few existing bridges that act as obstructions to the flow
of water, consequently increasing the HFL. As one of the major objectives of the
project is to protect the surrounding low lying area from flooding, thus, the project
proposes to uplift such low level bridges.
• Widening of some existing narrow bridges has also been proposed which create
traffic bottlenecks at present.
• The project proposes to integrate the DP proposed bridges with the Master Plan
and also proposes some new bridges reducing the trip length and time delay.
• Pedestrian bridges have also been proposed connecting public activity areas across
the river at strategic locations.
• Other than private modes of movement, transit stations of existing BRTS and
proposed Metro lines along the project will be integrated and connected to the
project area. These public transportation networks will help to connect the project to
the rest of the city.
• Temporary traffic diversion plan during construction phase shall be framed and will
be a part of the scope of work of the contractors.
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Figure 2.72 Map showing existing roads to be removed
2.5.8. Landscape Strategy

Planting Palette – Urban and Rural Riparian Embankment
Context
In case of sparsely developed areas and ample availability of publicland, the river flood
mitigation work can be done through minimalintervention, enhancing existing riparian edges
(that also allowsvegetation to grow over the surface), termed as Rural
RiparianEmbankment.There are 5 key planting components that have to work in alignment
topreserve the integrity of the embankment, as illustrated in Figure 2.72:They are:
1. Tall grass near the river bed
2. Grass on the pitching (slope- 1:3)
3. Shrubs at the junction of promenade and pitching
4. Trees on the pitching (slope- 1:3) preferably along trails
5. Tree line along the upper promenade and lower promenade Objective
The landscape in this section faces the following challenges:
1. The edge along the riverbed is critical to the stability of the embankment. It will have
conditions ranging from no water to highvelocity flood water. A strong rhizome root system
and a plant typecapable of surviving extreme water regimes is required
2. The ground cover on the sloped embankment should have species that can withstand
high flood levels and the erosive power of thewater.
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3. The tree species on the sloped embankment should have penetrative root system that
anchors the sloped soil at deeperlevels. The trees should be vigorous enough to
competewell withthe ground cover on the slope. .
4. The shrubs along the junction of the promenade and sloped pitching should be hardy,
requiring very little maintenance andaesthetically appealing.
5. The trees along the promenade should be hardy, mostly evergreen, with some flowering
species.
Urban Forests
Context
During the process of river training in the urban context, certain pocketsof reclaimed land
emerge between the walkway and the existing urbanedge. These are envisioned as urban
forests, providing the city with themuch needed lung spaces. The role of green spaces
would be toinvoke the feeling of wilderness alongside the waterfront. These areaswill serve
to attract birds and other fauna.
Objective
The landscape in this section attempts to recreate the Forest Wilderness:

1. To populate the area with trees in a informal planting layout.
2. To use extensively, local indigenous trees.
3. To carefully design the layout so as to create multiple layers of tree canopy that
seamlessly create super canopies.
4. To select the tree species in such a manner that at least a fewtrees in the super
canopies will have greenery at all times of theyear.
5. To create a favorable micro-climate.
6. To introduce trees those attracts birds and bats.
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Parks and gardens
Context
Reclaimedland resulting from the river allow for leisure andrecreational spaces that are so
important to the quality of life in Punecity. Waterfront Parks and gardens will create
welcome lungs pace forthe city and allow the residents to adopt an active outdoor lifestyle.
Objective
The landscape in this section attempts to recreate the Parks andgardens within the city
lining the waterfront:
1. To populate the area in an informal planting layout for parks and semiformallayouts for
gardens.
2. To use a mix of local indigenous as well as ornamental trees.
3. To carefully design the layout so as to balance the evergreen anddeciduous species
such that favorable microclimates are created.
4. To select the tree species in such a manner that the at least a fewtrees in the canopies
will have greenery at all times of the year.
5. To introduce trees that attracts birds and bats.
6. To create an aesthetically pleasing environment that is enriching andinviting.
7. To create buffer tree plantation between the urban limit and thelandscaped areas.
Open spaces
Context
Certain portions of the reclaimed land will be retained as open spacesthat can serve as
open areas for play, outdoor kiosks, cultural fairs,crafts etc. The treatment for these spaces
is taken at two levels:
1. Creating minimal buffer plantation between the city edge and theopen spaces.
2. Allowing for minimum native grass cover to control rain erosion anddust pollution.
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Objective
The landscape in this section attempts to create open grounds on theriverfront:

1. To create buffer plantation with hardy evergreen species.
2. To plant trees that will require minimal care and maintenance.
3. To select species that are not eaten by domestic animals.
4. To select native grass species that can be easily established in themonsoon season.
2.5.9. Urban Elements

Benches
The riverfront development should enable the users to sit, enjoy andrelax at the river edge.
Provision of simple, designed benches thusbecomes very important. The design and
material of the benches will bedetermined as per their location and surroundings and can
vary as perthe context in which they are placed.
Tree Pit Covers
Pune city boasts of a great wealth of trees (around 390 species spreadall over the city),
which keeps exponentially increasing. The existingPune river edge already consists of a
large number of trees, which willbe integrated with the proposed riverfront development.
These existingas well as the new proposed vegetation will be incorporated into
theembankment design. The use of tree pits thus becomes important. Treepits are
essential when a tree is planted near a hard paved surface.These will protect the open area
around the tree roots from harm, wasteand prevent erosion of nearby soil. If continuous
tree pits are designed,they can also be used for storm water retention.
Tree Guards
There are already a large number of trees along the river edge in Pune.It is very important
to retain and enrich the green heritage of the city. Toprotect these existing as well the
proposed trees in the riverfrontdevelopment, tree guards will thus be used. These will
support andprotect the tree trunk from external factors during the first few years.
Drinking Booths
To enhance the user experience of the riverfront development, facilitieslike drinking water
booths will be provided. These will enable the usersto spend more time along the riverfront
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and add versatility to thedevelopment as a public space. The design and material of the
drinkingbooths will be as per the location and context in which they are placed.
Utility Boxes
The riverfront development will accommodate a lot of services, whichneed to be covered

and protected from external factors like rain, theftetc. A nicely designed utility box would
enhance the beauty of the publicspace. The utility boxes will have to be properly aligned
and placedalong the edge of the promenade or plaza space, such that they do notbecome
a hindrance to walking.
Utility Lines
The riverfront development has a number of underground services,which have utility

openings. These openings on the plaza or thepromenade will need to be covered. The
covers will have to be matched flushed with the paving pattern, such that the hardscape in
the entireriverfront development is integrated.
Kiosks and shacks
The riverfront development should be inviting for the people of the city.Hence there will be
provision of amenities like food kiosks. Simple, welldesigned kiosks with adequate seating
and lighting will enable the usersto spend more time along the river edge and enjoy the
public space.
Cycle Parking
Pune city already consists of a Bicycle Plan, emphasizing on the use ofcycle in day to day
life. A 300km long cycle track network is on its way.The proposed riverfront development
further encourages the use ofcycle as a widely used mode of transport. The project
proposes 88km ofcontinuous promenade, which can be cycle –friendly, walkable,
withstrategically placed cycle renting booths and parking. Users can bring their own cycles
or rent from cycle renting booths. The facilities can bemanaged by implementing a PPP
model.
Comprehensive Signage System
Navigation is an important aspect for the riverfront development. Signages are thus
provided to allow easy communication of facilitiesand amenities along the development. An
overall strategy for signageswill be developed. People can connect themselves with colour
as wellas get information from them. The main purpose of these signages is
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tocommunicate, to convey information such that the receiver may makecognitive decisions
based on the information provided. An overall strategy for signages will be developed.
Litter and Garbage Bins
The riverfront development being a public space will have to be keptclean and litter free.
The provision of garbage bins and litter bins is thuscrucial to the cleanliness of the entire
development. These will allow theusers to be conscious of the waste on the riverfront. A
Solid wastemanagement plan will have to be prepared to ensure regular maintenanceand
clearing of the waste from the garbage bins and litter bins. A PPP model can be
implemented for the waste management plan andmaintenance of the bins.
Pedestrian Bridges
The riverfront development will integrate the various existing public spaces along the river
edges. To strengthen this integration of piecemeal developments further, pedestrian
bridges across the river willbe proposed at different points to connect the public spaces on
bothbanks of the river. The locations for these bridges will be strategicallyselected based
on the location of the public gardens and parks thatneed to be connected. The pedestrian
bridges can be highlighted assignificant features or can be simple designs, while being a
part of theentire riverfront.
2.5.10. Lighting and electrification strategy

High quality lighting is important for all public places. This will ensure that public places that are
attractive in the day will remain safe, comfortable and engaging after dark. Pune has many
prominent buildings; structures of cultural significance along the river that can be further
enhanced by feature lighting and add to the aesthetic appeal and legibility of the riverfront.
Lighting of Ghats- The lighting system has been designed to evenly spread light along the
Ghats, creating a safer space that is easily accessible. The lighting proposal includes bollard
lighting for trails, step-lighting so that people can see their way down to the rivers, spot lighting
for buildings and sign ages.
The lighting scheme shall be designed such that Ghats, plazas and other amenities are
hotspots and brightly lit while the rest of the riverfront remains subdued with adequate lighting
to ensure safety.
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Figure 2.73 Examples of lighting strategy in activity areas

LED based efficient lighting, can be used for illumination of the Ghats and reduce energy
consumption.
The power supply for the lighting along the upper & lower promenadewill be tapped from the
nearby LT supply. In some of the cases, the LTsupply may not be available or for some of the
high end consumers, insuch case 11 x 615 transformers are proposed along with the DG Set
back up for the site. The LT supply will be provided from these transformers. All the electrical
design will be carriedout as MSEDCL, PMC guidelines and approval from the Electricaldivision,
PWD M.S.
We will strive to reduce our total energy consumption and associated greenhouse gas emission
through efficient use of resources. The most of lighting system will be based on natural
resources like wind or solar. Solar powered street lights are most efficient and commonly used.
The detailed proposal of energy conservation will comply with help of the ASHRAE 90.1 and
CEBC.
2.5.11. Water Requirement

During Execution phase:
Source: Pune Municipal Corporation, Pune
Information (assumed 700 Labour during construction phase & 1800-2000 M2 every day and
construction phase is considered as 5 years)
Total Demand = 174 m3/day
Domestic = 49 m3/day (@70 LPCD & supply at 1 common point)
Construction = 125 m3/day
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During operation phase:

Source: Pune Municipal Corporation, Pune
Information Source: Augmented Network within the project area, from the nearby source.
Assuming presence of around 12000 floating population per day.
Total Fresh Water Demand:180 m3/day (@ 15 LPCD)
Green Belt: 1000 m3/day (Treated Recycled Water will be re-used)
2.5.12. Wastewater Generation

During Execution Phase:
The labour camps will be developed within the project area. The essential facilities like toilet
blocks and bathrooms will be developed during construction phase. The sewage collection
conveyance system will be carried out from the Labour colonies and the construction offices
which will get connected to the existing sewerage network that is available in the vicinity.
There are existing sewage treatment plants available in the vicinity, the treated water from
these STP will be used to fulfill the shortfall. The tertiary treatment units will be included along
with the disinfectant dosing.
During Operation Phase:
The sewage generation will be 144 m3/day. The sewage treatment plant is proposed for the
riverfront development on SBR / Anaerobic process with tertiary treatment. The recycled water
generated will be used within the premises for flushing & gardening requirement.
The recycle water demand is 1000 m3/day for landscaping & recycle water available is 135
m3/day. The short of recycle water is 865 m3/day. The balance demand will be fulfilled from
the existing STP within project area. This will reduce the discharge into the river.
2.5.13. Solid waste

Execution Phase:
280 Kg/day (@400 gm/person/day) solid waste (peak) will be generated during
construction. The waste generated will be segregated into biodegradable & non-
biodegradable waste. The segregated waste then will be handed over to PMC authorized
vendors.
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Operation Phase–
The solid wastes generated will be segregated into biodegradable and non-biodegradable
at source, and then it will be transferred to solid waste yard for further segregation. The
biodegradable waste will be treated within the premises in Organic waste convertor at
decentralized location.
The waste converted shall be used as manure within the project area for the landscape.
The non-biodegradable waste will be handed over to the authorized vendor.
2.6. Project Cost and Implementation
2.6.1. Project Identification & Phasing

A work plan for the various components as per the MasterPlan is as shown in this Section.
Based on Block level engineering, Hydrology and Hydraulic Studies and Architectural
drawingscomponents have been defined. The components are further subdivided into
various elements and based on their sequence ofconstruction, project phasing is done.
Phase – 1 – River Edge Mitigation and Interceptor Sewage Network –

1. Removal of Obstructions like Check dams, Wiers, low lying bridges and Visarjan Tanks
acting as obstructions to the flow of water.
2. Flood mitigation embankments
– Lower Level Toe wall
– Lower Level Retaining wall
– Anchor Slab
– Middle Level Pitching and Guide Wall
– Upper Level Retaining wall and Pitching
3. Integrate existing trunk lines with riverfront project
4. Integrate lines proposed under JICA with the riverfront project
5. Interceptor lines to curb and divert the Existing
Storm water Outlets and Drains
Phase – 2 – Water Replenishment –
1. Construction of lines for replenishing water from STP
2. Construction of new barrages
Phase – 3 – Public Accessibility –
1. Finishing of Lower Promenade
2. Upper Promenade
3. Ghats and Accesses
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4. Common Urban Infrastructure

Phase 4 – Public Amenities –
1. Toilet Blocks, Food Courts, Ganesh Kunds, etc.
2. Gardens, urban forests, etc.
Phase – 5 – Road & Bridge Works –

1. Additional bridges.
2. Master Plan Integration
3. Development of Boating Facilities for water transport & recreaton.
2.6.2. SPV formation

Formation and structure
The formation of a Special Purpose Vehicle (SPV) was needed to be executedfor a speedy
and effective implementation of the project. The SPVcreated for implementation of Pune
River Rejuvenation project will be limited to this project only. It will focus on obtaining funds,
investors and Financial Institutions for the same.
In case of separate entity, such revenue streams are efficiently marketable. Further to this,
the SPV needs to ensure the availability of a butting land to be acquired for implementation
of mitigation work asper the proposed master plan. A long term sustenance and
maintenance of the project is a core responsibility of the proposed SPV.
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CHAPTER 3. DESCRIPTION OF ENVIRONMENT
3.1. Environment and Social Screening

The details of environment and social screening details are shown in table 3.1 as given
below:
Table 3.1 Environment and Social Screening for Mula, Mutha & Mula-Mutha River
Rejuvenation
Environment and Social Information format for screening
Project Title: Mulla, Mutha &Mula - Mutha River Rejuvenation Project

Implementing Agency: Pune Municipal Corporation (PMC) / SPV
Project Cost: 2800Crores
Project Components: River Rejuvenation
Project Location (Area/ District): Pune
S.N. Screening Criteria Assessment of Category (High/Low)
1 Is the project in an eco-sensitive area There is no declared eco sensitive area

or adjoining an eco-sensitive area? adjoining the project. However, aquatic and
(Yes/No). If yes, which is the area? terrestrial bird species are seen along the
Elaborate impact accordingly. river banks especially on the downstream of
Yerwada bridge. Terrestrial bird species are
also observed at the dense green cover near
Vaikunth Smashan Bhoomi and Naik Bet
near the confluence of Mula Mutha.
Will the project create significant /limited/no social impacts?
2 2.1 Will the project create significant 2.1 Project will have positive social impact.
/limited/no social impacts? Undeveloped land can be seen along Mula
River and some parts of Mula-Mutha River.
Land acquisition resulting in loss of
income from agricultural land, No agriculture is done on the proposed site.
plantation or other existing land use. Whatever; plants available on the proposed
site if displaced will be replaced by more
numbers of trees.
2.2 Land acquisition resulting in 2.2 Land acquisition will not result in
relocation of households.- relocation.
2.3 Any reduction of access to tradition 2.3 No cuttings of trees will be done
and river dependent communities (to depending on the requirement.
river and areas where they earn for
No slumhouseholds within the proposed
their primary or substantial livelihood).
project area.
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2.4 Any displacement or adverse 2.4 No tribal settlement in the proposed

impact on tribal settlements(S). project area.
2.5 Any specific gender issues 2.5 Not applicable (NA).
3.1 Will the project creates significant/ 3.1 There will be limited environmental impact
limited/ no environmental impacts due to clearance of vegetation tree cutting
3
during the construction stage? would be avoided as far as possible.
(Significant /limited/ no impacts)
Whatever plants available on the proposed
Clearance of vegetation /tree cover. site if displaced will be replaced by more
numbers of trees.
3.2 Direct discharge of construction 3.2 The project will be constructed in

run off, improper Storage and disposal adequate area and may include demolition of
of excavation soils, waste and other obstructive structures etc. which generate
construction materials adversely debris. Will disposed it proper manner and it
affecting water quality and flow will not affect water quality and flow
regimes.
3.3 Flooding of adjacent area 3.3 Chances of flooding are anticipated

during monsoon but are very limited during
construction period.
3.4 Improper storage and handling of 3.4 No chance of contamination due to

substances leading to contamination of improper storage of material as it will be
soil and water. handled carefully.
3.5 Elevated noise and dust emission 3.5 During construction the machinery used
for construction will be of high standard and
adhere to noise standards. These standards
itself take care of noise pollution or vibration
control and air emission control. Hence,
insignificant impact due to construction
machinery
3.6 Disruption to traffic movements 3.6 There will be some disruptions during the
construction phase, Because of movement of
trucks carrying construction materials;
Impacts will be temporary and negligible in
nature. But since it will be done in phased
manner the disruption will not be much. Also,
the traffic movement will be much smoother
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after the completion of the project.
3.7 Damage to existing infrastructure, 3.7 Damage to public utilities, infrastructure

public utilities, amenities etc. will be limited as design has been envisaged
in such a manner.
3.8 Possible conflicts with and /or 3.8 No slum household are inside the project
disruption to local community area.
3.9 Health risks due to unhygienic 3.9 The project proponent will take utmost
conditions at works camps. care to maintain health and hygiene of the
workers and at their location of stay.
3.10 Safety hazards during 3.10 Safety Hazard will be there during
construction. construction but proper care will be taken as
per the legal requirements for the health and
safety of construction workers.
4 4.1 Will the project create significant 4.1 The project will have very limited
/limited /no environmental impacts environment impact during construction
during the operation stage?(Significant phase but the overall impact of the project will
/Limited /No impacts) be a positive after the construction phase.
4.2 Does the flooding of adjacent area 4.2 The probability of flood is limited as
Impacts to water quality due to effluent adequate amount of water is available only
discharge. during rainy season. The effluents will be
treated before its discharge into the river.
4.3 Gas emission 4.3 No gas emission envisaged from the

project.
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4.4 Safety hazards 4.4 None
5 Do the projects of this nature/type Yes Environmental clearance is required to

require prior environmental clearance be taken.
either from the MoEF&CC or from the
relevant state Government
department? (MoEF&CC /relevant
state Government department/No
clearance at all)
3.2. Baseline Methodology

The baseline environmental quality has been collected during the period of October 2017 to
December 2017 within a study area of 10 km radial distance around the proposed river
development site. Green Circle Lab, Vadodara carried out sampling and testing. The
baseline study period and methodology for various environmental components are given in
Table 3.2.
Table 3.2 Methodology of Baseline Data Generation
Sr.
Attribute Parameters Methodology
No.
1 Meteorology Wind speed & direction, Hourly wind speed, wind direction,
temperature, relative humidity, humidity, temperature, solar
rainfall, cloud cover and solar radiation, atmospheric pressure,
radiation. rainfall were recorded.
2 Ambient air PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NOX, CO, H2S, AAQ monitoring was done by
quality NH3, HC, Fluoride, Pb, VOCs, following the CPCB methods.
Ozone, Benzene, Benzo pyrene, Sampling locations were established
Arsenic, Nickel. at villages around the site at various
upwind and downwind directions.
3 Noise levels Noise levels in dB(A) Leq Noise monitoring was done using
integrated sound level meter, as per
CPCB method.
4 Surface water Physical, chemical and Grab sampling was done and the
quality bacteriological parameters samples were preserved and
including pH, temperature, analyzed for relevant parameters
turbidity, magnesium hardness, following the methods prescribed by
total alkalinity, chloride, sulphate, APHA.
nitrate, fluoride, sodium,
potassium, salinity, total nitrogen,
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Sr.
Attribute Parameters Methodology
No.
total phosphorus, DO, BOD,
COD, Heavy metals, Total
coliforms, faecal coliforms,
Phyto-plankton.
5 Groundwater Physical & chemical parameters Grab sampling was done and the
quality including Physical, chemical and samples were preserved and
bacteriological parameters analyzed for relevant parameters
including pH, temperature, following the methods prescribed by
turbidity, magnesium hardness, APHA.
total alkalinity, chloride, sulphate,
nitrate, fluoride, sodium,
potassium, salinity, total nitrogen,
total phosphorus, DO, BOD,
COD, Heavy metals, Total
coliforms, faecal coliforms,
Phyto-plankton
6 Biological Existing flora and fauna. Secondary Data collected from

environment Forest Department and checked
during field surveys.
8 Soil Physical, chemical and biological

characteristics parameters to assess agricultural
Samples were collected and
and afforestation potential
analyzed for all relevant parameters
including Particle size
by following IARI Methods.
distribution, Texture & Silt
Density, Index, pH, Permeability,
Electrical conductivity, Nitrites,
Phosphates, TPH, Fluorides,
Heavy metals, SAR, Porosity,
Bulk density, total hydrocarbons
and cation exchange capacity.
9 Land use / Land use for different land use Latest Satellite Imagery (IRS P6,
Land Cover Classifications. LISS-III) was used and analyzed for
land use cover
10 Socio- Socio-economic characteristics, Secondary Data was collected from

economic labour force characteristics, Primary Census of India 2011 &
Environment population statistics existing village profile of District.
amenities in the study area and
quality of life.
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3.3. Geology
Pune is the second largest district of Maharashtra State in respect of area. The district has
a geographical area of 15642 sq.km.which is 5.08% of the total area of State. It is situated
in the western part of the State and lies between north latitude 17°54’ and 19°24’ and east
longitudes 73°29’ and 75°10’. The population of the district is 3124458 as per 2011 census
with density of 462 persons/sq.km. There are 25 towns and 1866 villages in the district, out
of which 18 villages are not habited. The district has 13 Panchayat Samitis, 11 Nagar
Parishads, 2 Municipal Corporation and 1407 Gram Panchayats. The district has an area of
1720 sq.km occupied by forest. The gross cultivable area of district is 10150 sq.km
whereas net sown area is 9920 sq.km.
3.4. Geomorphology
The district forms part of Western Ghat and Deccan Plateau. Physio-graphically the district
can be divided in to three distinct belts i.e. (1) The western belt stretching from 16 to 31 km
east of Sahayadri- an extremely rugged country cut by deep valleys, divided and crossed
by hill ranges. (2) The central belt extending for about 30 km east of western belt across
the tract whose eastern belt is roughly marked by a line drawn from Pabal in the north to
south up to Purandhar through Pune. In this belt a series of small hills stretch in to valleys
and large spurs from Plateaux and (3) The eastern belt with a rolling topography and low
hills sinking slowly in to the plains with relatively broader valleys. Therefore, the
physiography of the district has given rise to four major characteristic land forms namely;
(1) The hills and Ghats (2) The foot hills (3) the plateau and (4) the plains. The district has
three major drainage systems namely (i) The Bhima River System in northern, north-
eastern and eastern part of which Bhima River has a total length of about 355 km and
Ghod river has a drainage of about 196 km. (ii) Mula-Mutha River System covering the
central part and having total length of 242 km in the district. (iii) Nira River system covering
south, south-east and eastern part and has total length of about 231 km in the district. The
other Important rivers that are flowing through the district are Bhima, Andhra, Karna,
Shivganga, Pushpavati, Pawane and Indrayani. All the rivers have mostly semi-dendritic
drainage pattern and the drainage density is quite high. Based on geomorphological setting
and drainage pattern the district is divided into 71 watersheds.
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3.5. Land use

The river Mula, Mutha & Mula-Mutha are passing from densely populated region. The
project site has number of bridges, roads, temples and ghats along with drainage lines and
manholes; it is an open and floodable land along the river. The land use study has been
carried out till 5 Km both the sides along the river stretch of 44 km (i.e Mutha, Mula & Mula
- Mutha). The satellite image of the study area is given in Fig. 3.1. The Land Use and Land
Cover Map is given in Fig. 3.2 and the classification table is given in Table 3.3
Figure 3.1 Satellite Image of the study area
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Figure 3.2 Land Use & Land cover Map of the study area
Table 3.3 Land Use and Land Cover Classification (LULC) of the study area
LULC Class Area in Ha. % of Area
Reservoir 565.84 1.05%
Stony Waste Land 4347.42 8.06%
River 1303.05 2.41%
Mix Built Up 6172.63 11.44%
Lake/Pond 185.28 0.34%
Hill With Scrub 4246.12 7.87%
Hill With Open Forest 5093.34 9.44%
Village Settlement 280.17 0.52%
Agriculture 4263.45 7.90%
Industry 1141.67 2.12%
Vacant Land 3772.04 6.99%
Open Forest 152.39 0.28%
Quarry 149.72 0.28%
Slum 367.84 0.68%
Residential Built Up 20413.26 37.82%
Recreational Land 1513.69 2.80%
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Figure 3.3 Pie Chart of the LULC classification
3.5.1. Land use of Project area

The land is used for the purposes of development of planned green and open spaces for
recreational use by the citizens. Also, the riverfront has been designed considering the
provisions for components such as flood mitigation and bank erosion prevention measures,
curbing outfalls, capture waste water and re-use after bio-filtration of drains, Ganesh
festival celebration points, bicycle track, jogging track, kids’ playing areas, amphitheatres,
forestation on large scale, organized vending spaces, parking, infrastructure for safety and
monitoring of the premises, urban design elements and integration with road network to
ensure access from preferred locations, etc.
The landuse & landcover (LULC) classification consist of Reservoir (1.05%), River
(8.05%), hill with Scrub (7.87%), Hill with Open Forest (9.44%), Village Settlement(0.52%),
Agriculture (7.90%), Open Forest (0.28%), Slum (0.68%), Residential Built up (37.82%),
Recreational Land (2.80%), etc. It is also to mention that the project area i.e 44 KM of area
of river (.e Mutha, Mula & Mula - Mutha) have no slum area
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3.7. Hydrogeology
Hydrogeology of the entire area of the district is underlain by the basaltic lava flows of
upper Cretaceous to lower Eocene age. The shallow alluvial formation of recent age also
occurs as narrow stretch along the major rivers flowing in the area.
Deccan Trap Basalt: Basaltic lava flows occupies more than 95% of the area of the
district. These flows are normally horizontally disposed over a wide stretch and give rise to
table land type of topography also known a plateau. These flows occur in layered
sequences ranging in thickness from 7 to 45 m and represented by massive unit at the
bottom and vesicular unit at the top of the flow. These flows are separated from each other
by marker bed known as ‘bole bed’. The water bearing properties of these flows depend
upon the intensity of weathering, fracturing and jointing which provides availability of open
space within the 8 rock for storage and movement of ground water. The thickness of
weathering in the district varies widely up to 20 m bgl. However, the weathered and
fractured trap occurring in topographic lows forms the potential aquifer in the district. The
ground water in the district occurs under phreatic, semi – confined and confined conditions.
Generally the shallower zones down to the depth of 20 to 22 m bgl form the phreatic
aquifer. The water bearing zones occurring between the depth 20 and 40 m bgl when
weathered or having shear zones yield water under semi-confined condition. The deep
confined aquifers generally occur below the depth of 40 m bgl. The vesicular unit of lava
flow when exposed or lying just few meters below the surface forms a potential aquifer in
the district. However, the vesicular portion of different lava flows varies in thickness from
few m to 10 m and nature and density of vesicles, their distribution, interconnection and
weathering are the decisive factors for occurrence and movement of water in these units.
The massive portions of basaltic flows are normally devoid of water, but when it is
weathered, fractured and jointed forms potential aquifer. In Deccan Trap Basalt, the yield of
the dugwells in different formations ranges from 30 to 150 lpm/day depending upon the
local hydrogeological conditions. The yields of borewells also show wide variations and it
ranges from traces to 30.62 lps (Lavle) a seen from CGWB exploration data.
Alluvium: Alluvium occurs in small areas along banks and flood plains of major rivers like
Bhima, Ghod, Mula, Mutha and their tributaries. In alluvium the granular detrital material
like sand and gravel usually occurring as thin layer in the district yields water. But due to its
limited extent the ground water potential in this formation is negligible.
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Depth to Water Level: Shallow water level of less than 2 mbgl is reported in almost entire
western part, in central part and in southeastern part of the district. In major part of the
district in central, northern and southern parts the water level is occurring between 2 to 5 m
bgl. Deeper water levels of more than 10 m bgl are restricted in extreme northern parts of
the district.
Long Term Water Level Trend: The long-term groundwater level trend for 10 years from
2003-2012 of the district reveals that rise in groundwater level predominant throughout the
district. Long term rise in water level during the pre-monsoon period ranged from 0.01 to
0.70 m/yr while the fall ranged from 0.01 to 0.16 m/yr.
Detail information about the ground water scenario of Pune can be found from CGWB
Brochure attached as Annexure-
3.8. Seismicity of the Study Area

Based on tectonic features and records of past earthquakes, the seismic hazard map of
India was updated in 2000 (6) by the Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS).
According to the seismic-zoning map of India, the project area falls in Zone III (Moderate
risk zone) of seismicity.
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Figure 3.4 Map of India
3.8.1. Earthquake Historyof Maharashtra
In peninsula India the state of Maharashtra, along with Maharashtra and Madhya
Pradesh, has suffered from frequent earthquakes, both deadly and damaging.
Table 3.4 List of previous earthquakes
Magnitude
Location
Date (on richter scale)
16-9-2008 Koyna,Maharashtra 4.9
14-3-2005
Koyna,Maharashtra 5.1
22-5-1997
Maharashtra 6.0
2-7-1993
Latur,Maharashtra 6.3
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3.9. Meteorology
Meteorology is the interdisciplinary scientific study of the atmosphere and is an
importanttool in studying environmental phenomena like pollutant dispersion. When the
EIAstudy is planned for any project, meteorological data is very important and shall
becollected through the entire period of the baseline study. Typically for EIA,
micrometeorological data is required to be collected as this data is essential to formulatethe
pollutant dispersion models. Besides, it also helps in understanding the currenttrend in
climatologically variable as well as prevailing ambient air quality issues andforecasting.
Information aboutthese parameters are taken from the Book “Climate of Maharashtra”
published by IndianMeteorological Department.
Table 3.5 Meteorological parameters and their measurement methods
S.N. Parameters Measurement Methods

1 Surface Temperature Digital Sensor capable of giving electrical
signals e.g. thermocouples, resistance
thermometers or thermistors.
2 Relative Digital Sensor capable of giving electrical
Humidity signals e.g. hydrometer.
3 Wind Speed 3 cup anemometer with reed switch/magnet
4 Wind Direction Wind vane with magnetic hall effect sensor
5 Rainfall Tipping Bucket sensor with magnet & reed
switch
6 Cloud Cover Passive Cloud Cover Detector – PCCD
7 Solar Radiation Pyranometer type sensor
8 Atmospheric Stability Determined from surface observations on
Condition wind speed, cloud cover and solar radiations
3.9.1. Micrometeorology of Pune

Meteorology is the fluid mechanics applied to the atmosphere. Meteorological conditions
play an important role in determining existing air quality and environmental conditions. The
essential relationship between meteorology and atmospheric dispersion involves the wind
in the broader sense of the term. Wind fluctuations over a very wide range of time and
space scales accomplish dispersion and strongly influence other processes associated with
them. The characterization of the existing meteorological conditions near the source of
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pollutants is, therefore, a critical aspect for assessing air quality in the ambient
environment. For the rapid air quality impact assessment, meteorological data for the
desired season/period over the project region is used for air quality modelling. The
following subsections describe the prime meteorological parameters during the observation
period which govern the dispersion of pollutants.
Data Collection
The regional surface meteorological data viz., temperature, relative humidity, wind speed
and direction, station level pressure, rainfall etc. has been compiled from IMD Pune for
Pune station for the period 1995-2004. Analysis of the Data Recorded at IMD – Pune.
The Meteorological data of IMD Pune for the period of 1995 to 2004 is discussed below:
Temperature The winter season starts from December and continues till the end of
February. During this season, monthly mean maximum temperature is found to be 32.3C
occurring in the month of February whereas, monthly mean minimum temperature occurs in
the month of December & January as 11.1C. Both the day and night temperatures
increase rapidly during the onset of Pre monsoon season from March to May. During Pre
monsoon the monthly mean maximum temperature found to be 37.8C in the month of April
and monthly mean minimum temperature as 15.6C in the month of March. An appreciable
drop in mean maximum temperature is recorded with the onset of monsoon. The monthly
mean maximum temperature in monsoon season was observed to be 31.7C in the month
of June, while monthly mean minimum temperature was observed to be as 20.9C in the
month of September. By end of September with the onset of post monsoon season
(October & November), day temperature rises slightly with the monthly mean maximum
temperature was observed to be as 31.5C in October and the minimum temperature is
observed as 14.5C in November.
Relative Humidity: During Pre-monsoon period, the monthly mean relative humidity was
observed to be in the range of 48%-61% at 08:30 hrs and at 17:30 hrs. it is observed in the
range of 21%-39%. During the monsoon season, relative humidity ranges between 77%-
86% at 08:30 hrs and 66%-78% at 17:30 hrs. In the post-monsoon season the range was
observed to be between 78%-81% at 08:30 hrs and at 17:30 hrs. The range of relative
humidity occurred between 46%-56%. During winter season the range of humidity was
observed between 75%-87% at 08:30 hrs and 27%-39% at 17:30 hrs. It is observed that
the air is dry in pre monsoon and winter seasons while it is humid during monsoon and post
monsoon seasons due to rains in the region.
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Station Level Pressure: In winter season, the mean pressure observed at 08:30 hrs was in
the range of 951.5 to 953.4 hpa and at 17:30 hrs. it is observed in the range of 947.7 to
949.7 hpa with the maximum in December month. In monsoon season, the station level
pressure was observed to be in the range of 942.9 to 947.3 hpa at 8:30 hrs and at 17:30
hrs. it is ranged between 941.6 to 944.5 hpa rainfall. The average annual rainfall observed
based on the 10 years IMD data is 689.7 mm. About 80% of the rainfall is received during
the southwest monsoon. Pre monsoon rains are also observed in the region. Our project
area falls under medium rainfall zone, receiving average annual precipitation of from 400-
600 mm. Wind Speed/Direction Wind direction is reported as the direction from which the
wind blows and is based on surface observations. Over the course of a season, wind
usually blows in all directions with varying frequencies. Certain direction, which occurs
more frequently than others, is known as the prevailing wind direction. Wind speed and
direction and their frequency during summer season are represented by wind rose diagram.
The wind rose denotes a class of diagrams and designed to display the distribution of wind
direction experienced at a given location over a period of time-long for a climatological
record of prevailing winds or short to show wind character for a particular event or purpose.
Wind rose summarizes a considerable amount of wind frequency information into a single
graphic and shown in Figure 3.5 below during the monitoring period.
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Figure 3.5 Wind rose diagram of the study area
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3.10. Ambient Air Quality

Reconnaissance: The quality of ambient air depends upon the background concentrations
of specific contaminants, the emission sources and meteorological conditions. The study on
baseline ambient air quality status in the project area is an essential and primary
requirement for assessing the impacts on air environment due to any proposed
developmental activity.
The baseline studies on air environment include identification of specific air pollution
parameters expected to have significant impacts and assessing their existing levels in
ambient air within the impact zone. To assess the baseline status of ambient air quality in
the study area monitoring is undertaken to ascertain the baseline pollutant concentrations
in ambient air.
Methodology for air Monitoring: AAQM was carried out and AAQM locations were
monitored on 24 hourly average bases twice in a week as per guidelines of CPCB and
NAAQS. The conventional and project specific parameters such as particulate matter PM10
(size less than 10 µm), particulate matter PM2.5 (size less than 2.5µm), Sulphur Dioxide
(SO2) , Oxides of Nitrogen (NOx) & rest as per 2009 notification were monitored.
Selection of Stations for Sampling: For EIA/ EMP, the purpose is to ascertain the
baseline pollutant concentrations in ambient air. Accordingly, the criterion can be selected
to ascertain quality of air on human settlements or environmentally sensitive areas if any
located in the 10 km radius study area.
The locations for AAQM study were selected within the 10 km radius of the proposed plant
installation. Ambient air quality was monitored ondifferent locations to generate
representative ambient air quality data.
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Table 3.6 Ambient Air Monitoring Locations
Sample ID. Sampling locations
AAQ1 Wakad Park

AAQ2 At Adarsh Nagar
AAQ3 Cantonment Area near MSETCL
AAQ4 Near Baltangvwadi
AAQ5 Near Sfrurti Society
AAQ6 Near Rajiv Gandhi Slum Area
AAQ7 Near Pawna Nagar
AAQ8 Near Ram Nagar
AAQ9 Near Warje Highway Bridge
AAQ10 Near Popular Heights II
AAQ11 Near Marigold Complex
AAQ12 Near Mayureshwar Colony
AAQ13 Near Mother Teresa Garden
AAQ14 Narayan Nagar
Near Little Cambridge Learing

AAQ15
center
Figure 3.6 Map showing AAQM locations
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Table 3.7 Results of Ambient Air Quality Monitoring

Carbon Benzo
Ammoni Ozone Benzen Lead Arseni Nickel
monoxid (a)pyren
Code a (g/m3 e (g/m3 c (ng/m3
e e
(g/m3) ) (g/m3) ) (ng/m3) )
(mg/m3) (ng/m3)
AAQ- <20 <0.01 <5 <1.0
0.67 <20 ND <0.01
1
AAQ- <20 <20 <0.01 <5 <1.0 <0.01
0.465 ND
2
AAQ- <20 <20 <0.01 <5 <1.0 <0.01
0.556 ND
3
AAQ- <20 <20 <0.01 <5 <1.0 <0.01
0.52 ND
4
AAQ- <20 <20 <0.01 <5 <1.0 <0.01
0.54 ND
5
AAQ- <20 <20 <0.01 <5 <1.0 <0.01
0.51 ND
6
AAQ- <20 <20 <0.01 <5 <1.0 <0.01
0.464 ND
7
AAQ- <20 <20 <0.01 <5 <1.0 <0.01
0.487 ND
8
AAQ- <20 <20 <0.01 <5 <1.0 <0.01
0.624 ND
9
AAQ- <20 <20 <0.01 <5 <1.0 <0.01
0.535 ND
10
AAQ- <20 <20 ND <0.01 <5 <1.0 <0.01
0.514
11
AAQ-
0.545 <20 <20 ND <0.01 <5 <1.0 <0.01
12
AAQ-
0.708 <20 <20 ND <0.01 <5 <1.0 <0.01
13
AAQ-
0.476 <20 <20 ND <0.01 <5 <1.0 <0.01
14
AAQ-
0.462 <20 <20 ND <0.01 <5 <1.0 <0.01
15
(Source: Primary Data Collection and analysis during study period by Laboratory)
(Note: Minimum Detection Limit: Benzene= 1 µg/m3, Lead = 0.01 µg/m3 Arsenic = 5 µg/m3 Nickel = 3 µg/m3
BaP = 0.5 µg/m3)
Page
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REPORT NO.:-
Table 3.8 Results of Ambient Air Quality Monitoring

PM10, (g/m3) PM2.5 (g/m3)
Location Min Max Mean 98 Min Max Mean 98

percentile percentile
AAQ-1 0.67 0.67 0.67 0.67 0.67 0.67 0.67 0.67
AAQ-2 17.59 34.28 25.25 82.75 20.37 39.69 29.24 36.41
AAQ-3 20.02 34.37 27.8 91.88 26.88 46.15 37.33 43.18
AAQ-4 18.34 32.97 25.87 91.75 24.1 43.33 34 42.21
AAQ-5 19.01 36.93 27.07 95.12 24.44 47.48 34.8 42.8
AAQ-6 19.93 38.92 C 91.29 24.02 46.91 34.45 42.91
AAQ-7 16.21 31.43 23.2 82.75 21.76 42.21 31.16 38.89
AAQ-8 17.5 33.95 25.06 86.92 22.84 44.32 32.71 40.85
AAQ-9 23.52 48.83 33.88 110.6 29.09 60.4 41.9 51.98
AAQ-10 23.42 33.34 28.03 85.89 29.75 42.35 35.6 41.08
AAQ-11 22.72 32.34 27.18 83.32 28.86 41.08 34.53 39.16
AAQ-12 20.87 35.82 28.82 90.76 26.51 45.5 36.61 42.66
AAQ-13 23.16 41.63 32.74 109.18 29.42 52.88 41.58 51.31
AAQ-14 17.8 31.97 25.16 83.02 23.57 42.34 33.31 40.68
AAQ-15 17.28 31.01 24.4 80.52 22.88 41.06 32.32 39.45
Table 3.9 National Ambient Air Quality Standards (CPCB), 2009
National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS)

Time
S. Industrial,
Pollutants Weighted Ecologically
No. Residential, Methods of
Average Sensitive
Rural and measurement
Area
other area
Improved West and

1 SO2 (µg/m3) 24 hours 80 80
Gaeke method.
2 NOx (µg/m3) 24 hours 80 80 Modified Jacob &

Hochheiser (Sodium
Page
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REPORT NO.:-
Arsenite).
3 PM10 (µg/m3) 24 hours 100 100 Gravimetric Method
4 PM2.5 (µg/m3) 24 hours 60 60 Gravimetric Method
Non Dispersive Infra

5 CO (mg/m3) 8 hours 2 2
Red Spectroscopy
Ammonia Indophenol Blue

6 24 hours 400 400
(µg/m3) Method
UV Photometric
7 Ozone (µg/m3) 8 hours 100 100
Chemical Method
8 Lead (µg/m3) 24 hours 1.0 1.0 AAS
9 Arsenic (mg/m3) Annual 6.0 6.0 AAS
10 Nickel (mg/m3) Annual 20.0 20.0 AAS
11 Benzene (µg/m3) Annual 5.0 5.0 Gas Chromatography
Benzopyrene
12 Annual 1.0 1.0 Gas Chromatography
(mg/m3)
Interpretation of Result
Particulate Matter (PM10): PM10 levels were ranging from 0.67 to 89.16µg/m3. The highest
PM10 level were found at AAQ9 (89.16µg/m3) and lowest PM10 level were observed at
AAQ1 (0.67µg/m3). The PM10 level in all the monitoring locations is within permissible limit
i.e. NAAQMS level 100 µg/m3.
Page
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REPORT NO.:-
PM10
140
120
Concentration in μg/m3
100
80 Maximum
60
Minimum
40
20 Average
0 CPCB STANDARDS
AAQ1
AAQ2
AAQ3
AAQ4
AAQ5
AAQ6
AAQ7
AAQ8
AAQ9
AAQ10
AAQ11
AAQ12
AAQ13
AAQ14
AAQ15
location
Figure 3.7 Statistical Comparison of PM 10 in study area
Particulate Matter (PM2.5): PM2.5 levels were ranging from 0.67 to 41.9µg/m3. The highest
PM2.5 level were found at AAQ9 (41.9µg/m3) and lowest PM2.5 level were observed at
AAQ1(0.67µg/m3). The PM2.5 level in all the monitoring locations is within permissible limit
i.e. NAAQMS level 60µg/m3.
PM2.5
Maximum
Minimum
Average
CPCB STANDARDS
Location
Figure 3.8 Statistical Comparison of PM 2.5 in study area
Page
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REPORT NO.:-
Sulphur Dioxide (SO2):SO2 levels were ranging from 0.67to 20.35µg/m3. The highest
SO2 level were found at AAQ13 (20.35µg/m3) and lowest SO2 level were observed at
AAQ1 (0.67µg/m3). The SO2 level in all the monitoring locations is within permissible limit
So2
Maximum
Minimum
Average
CPCB STANDARDS
LOCATION
Figure 3.9 Statistical Comparison of SO2 in study area
Oxides of Nitrogen (NOx):NOx levels were found ranging from 0.67 to 33.38 µg/m3. The
highest NOx level were found at AAQ9 (33.88µg/m3) and lowest NOx level were observed
at AAQ1 (0.67µg/m3). The NOx levels in all monitoring location are under permissible limit
Nox
Maximum
Minimum
Average
CPCB STANDARDS
Location
Figure 3.10 Statistical Comparison of NOx in study area

The ambient air quality of the study area is meeting the prescribed National Ambient Air
Quality Standard at all locations. No anomalous values have been found in the dust of
ambient air. No abnormal values have been observed in ambient air of the study area.
Page
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REPORT NO.:-
3.11. Water Environment

Water environment of an area is broadly classified into the following categories
Surface water: Rivers, drains, canal, ponds etc.
Ground water: Water seepage and accumulations in deeper strata of ground.
3.11.1. Surface Water Quality

Surface water samples were collected from 15 locations during the study period and
analyzed for a number of physico-chemical parameters.
Table 3.10 Surface water sampling locations
S. No. Sampling locations Sample Id
Near Gun for Glory
1 SW1
Wakad Park
2 SW2
Near Ashoka Heritage
3 SW3
Near Ganga Panama
4 SW4
Near Emersion Export

5 SW5
Engineering Center
6 Near Sangam Bridge SW6

7 Nr. Sabhagruh (Haripriya Hall) SW7
8 Nr. SaritaNagari SW8
9 Nr. Baba Bhide Bridge SW9
Nr. Stone Water Grill
10 SW10
Restaurant
11 MundhavaGaonthan SW11
12 Tithe Nagar SW12
13 Panchsheel Township SW13
14 Pashan Lake SW14

Katraj lake Center
15 SW15
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REPORT NO.:-
Table 3.11 Surface Water Analysis
Sr.
Parameter Units Results
No.
SW1 SW2 SW3 SW4 SW5Near
Near Near Near Near Emersion
Sample Identification Gun Wakad Ashoka Ganga Export
for Park Heritage Panama Engineerin
Glory g Center
1. pH --- 8.06 6.94 7.21 7.36 7.18
2. Conductivity µS/cm 623 502 406 518 636
3. Turbidity NTU 3 5 4 6 2
4. Color Hazen <5 <5 <5 <5 <5
5. Odor - Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable
6. Total Dissolved Solid mg/L 425 345 284 352 438
7. Total Suspended Solid mg/L 20 12 16 24 16
8. Sulphate mg/L 13.5 20.0 31.5 29.5 36.5
9. Chloride mg/L 28.6 32.9 40.2 23.5 24.6
10. Total Hardness mg/L 112 136 100 106 124
11. Calcium as Ca mg/L 16.3 24.6 33.5 23.5 41.8
12. Magnesium Mg mg/L 4.9 11.8 10.5 11.2 18.3
13. Alkalinity mg/L 165 140 98 112 124
14. Copper mg/L <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1
15. Zinc mg/L <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1
16. Iron mg/L <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1
17. Lead mg/L <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001
18. Nickel mg/L <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001
19. Cadmium mg/L <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001
Calcium Hardness as mg/L 85 104 65 82 94
20.
CaCO3
Magnesium Hardness mg/L 27 32 35 24 30
21.
as CaCO3
22. Phenol mg/L <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001
23. Fluoride mg/L 0.43 0.70 0.56 0.78 0.58
24. Salinity mg/L 51.48 59.22 72.36 42.3 44.28
25. Dissolved Oxygen mg/l 2.0 1.6 1.2 2.3 0.8
26. Nitrate as NO3 mg/L 0.30 0.40 0.60 0.45 0.38
Chemical Oxygen mg/L 40 32 48 52 36
27.
Demand
Biochemical Oxygen mg/L 10 8 12 10 8
28.
Demand
Total Coliform MPN/1 920 1600 540 350 430
29.
00 ml
Faecal Coliform MPN/1 210 170 110 150 130
30.
00 ml
31. Pesticides P/A Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent
Page
Report
REPORT NO.:-
Sr. No. Parameter Units Results

SW6 SW7 SW8 SW9 SW10
Near Nr. Nr. Nr. Baba Nr. Stone
Sangam Sabhag SaritaNa Bhide Water
Sample Identification
Bridge ruh gari Bridge Grill
(Haripri Restaurant
ya Hall)
1. pH --- 7.38 7.14 7.51 7.06 7.71
4. Color Hazen <5 <5 <5 <5 <5
5. Odor - Agreeable Agreea Agreeabl Agreeabl Agreeable
ble e e
Total mg/L 412 368 290 394 286
6. Dissolved
Solid
Total mg/L 16 12 20 14 18
7. Suspended
Solid
8. Sulphate mg/L 11.5 20.5 24.5 27.2 23.6
9. Chloride mg/L 32.7 30.4 43.7 29.6 31.6
10. Total mg/L 148 159 168 138 164
Hardness
Calcium as mg/L 19.3 21.9 30.2 24.6 34.8
11. Ca
12. Magnesium mg/L 3.7 10.5 12.4 14.8 16.5
Mg
13. Alkalinity mg/L 158 120 92 87 104
14. Copper mg/L <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1
15. Zinc mg/L <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1
16. Iron mg/L <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1
17. Lead mg/L <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001
18. Nickel mg/L <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001
19. Cadmium mg/L <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001
Calcium mg/L 102 109 100 85 110
20. Hardness as
CaCO3
Magnesium mg/L 46 50 68 53 54
21. Hardness as
CaCO3
22. Phenol mg/L <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001
23. Fluoride mg/L 0.48 0.74 0.52 0.72 0.68
24. Salinity mg/L 58.86 54.72 78.66 53.28 56.88
25. Dissolved mg/l 3.6 2.4 1.3 2.7 1.0
Oxygen
26. Nitrate as mg/L 0.50 0.58 0.62 0.48 0.42
NO3
Chemical mg/L 48 24 40 64 64
27. Oxygen
Demand
Biochemical mg/L 8 6 10 6 12
28. Oxygen
Demand
29. Total MPN/10 1600 920 720 430 350
Coliform 0 ml
Faecal MPN/10 540 150 240 170 130
30. Coliform 0 ml
Page
Report
REPORT NO.:-
Sr
. Units
N Parameter Results
o.
SW11 SW12 SW13 SW14 SW15
Mundhav Tithe Panchsh Pashan Katraj lake
Sample Identification
aGaontha Nagar eel Lake Center
n Township
1. pH --- 7.23 7.18 7.33 7.28 7.10
4. Color Hazen <5 <5 <5 <5 <5
5. Odor - Agreeable Agreea Agreeabl Agreeabl Agreeable
ble e e
Total mg/L 365 292 268 302 280
6. Dissolved
Solid
Total mg/L 16 11 14 20 15
7. Suspended
Solid
8. Sulphate mg/L 11.5 22.0 18.5 25.5 31.5
9. Chloride mg/L 31.9 25.9 36.2 21.9 41.0
Total mg/L 124 148 162 136 164
10. Hardness
11. Calcium as mg/L 10.3 20.2 31.7 24.6 23.5
Ca
Magnesium mg/L 3.8 10.7 9.5 10.6 13.3
12. Mg
13. Alkalinity mg/L 148 128 96 100 114
14. Copper mg/L <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1
15. Zinc mg/L <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1
16. Iron mg/L <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1
17. Lead mg/L <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001
18. Nickel mg/L <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001
19. Cadmium mg/L <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001
Calcium mg/L 86 101 110 96 112
20. Hardness as
CaCO3
Magnesium mg/L 38 47 52 40 52
21. Hardness as
CaCO3
22. Phenol mg/L <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001
23. Fluoride mg/L 0.54 0.62 0.59 0.72 0.54
24. Salinity mg/L 57.42 46.62 65.16 39.42 73.8
25. Dissolved mg/l 1.6 1.2 2.2 2.0 1.3
Oxygen
Nitrate as mg/L 0.42 0.3 0.40 0.5 0.6
26. NO3
Chemical mg/L 48 30 42 56 32
27. Oxygen
Demand
28. Biochemical mg/L 12 6 8 14 8
Oxygen
Page
Report
REPORT NO.:-
Demand
29. Total Coliform MPN/100 540 430 920 350 1600
ml
30. Faecal MPN/100 150 170 110 130 210
Coliform ml
Figure 3.11 Map showing surface water sample locations
Table 3.12 Classification of River Waters as per their intended use
Class Intended Use

Drinking water source without conventional treatment but after
A
disinfection
B Outdoor bathing (organized)

Drinking water source with conventional treatment followed by
C
disinfection
D Propagation of wild life, fisheries
E Irrigation, industrial cooling etc.
Page
Report
REPORT NO.:-
Observation on Surface water Quality:

The baseline surface water quality obtained from the results of water quality monitoring
within the study area. It has been observed that in all Lake the concentraton of Dissolved
Oxygen is less than 4 mg/L & pH is between 6.94 to 8.06.
3.11.2. Ground Water Quality

Ground water samples were collected from 10 locations during the study period and
analyzed for a number of physico-chemical parameters.
Table 3.13 Ground water monitoring locations
Sample ID Sampling Locations
GW1 Near Wakad Park

GW2 Near Khadki Bazar
GW3 Near Sfrurti Society
GW4 Near Vidisha Colony

GW5 Near Warje Bridge
GW6 Near. MundhavaGaonthan
GW7 Near. Tithe Nagar
GW8 Sudharshan Colony, Wakad Road
GW9 MamlendarKhacheri
GW10 The Hotel Fountain
Page
Report
REPORT NO.:-
Table 3.14 Ground water analysis report
Sr. Permissibl
Parameter Units Results
No. e
GW1 GW2 GW3 GW4 GW5 Limit as
Near Near Near Near Near Per
Sample Identification Wakad Khadki Bazar Sfrurti Vidisha Warje IS
Park Societ Colony Bridge 10500:201
y 2
1. pH --- 7.75 8.23 7.7 7.15 7.75 6.5-8.5
2. Conductivity µS/cm 500 400 334 522 855 -
3. Turbidity NTU <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 5
4. Color Hazen <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 15
Agreeabl Agree Agreeabl Agreea
5. Odor - Agreeable -
e able e ble
6. Total Dissolved Solid mg/L 272 319 242 356 564 2000
7. Total Suspended Solid mg/L 2 6 3 2 3 -
8. Sulphate mg/L 7.65 15.0 18.0 24.5 23.0 400
9. Chloride mg/L 10.9 22.0 15.9 20.9 17.9 1000
10. Total Hardness mg/L 160 184 238 285 344 600
mg/L
11. Calcium as Ca 20.4 24.9 37.4 42.5 200
29.6
12. Magnesium Mg mg/L 14.58 7.77 18.47 28.19 26 100
13. Alkalinity mg/L 110 124 9 115 120 600
14. Copper mg/L <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 1.5
15. Zinc mg/L <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 15
16. Iron mg/L <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 0.3
mg/L <0.00
17. Lead <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 0.01
1
mg/L <0.00
18. Nickel <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 0.02
1
mg/L <0.00
19. Cadmium <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 0.003
1
Calcium Hardness as mg/L
20. 100 152 162 175 214 -
CaCO3
Magnesium Hardness mg/L
21. 60 32 76 110 130 -
as CaCO3
mg/L <0.00
22. Phenol <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 0.002
1
23. Fluoride mg/L 0.60 0.56 0.70 0.8 0.56 1.5
24. Salinity mg/L 19.6 39.6 28.6 37.6 32.2 -
Abse
nt
Page
Report
REPORT NO.:-
Table 3.15 Ground water analysis report
Sr. Units
Parameter Results Permissib
No.
le
GW6 GW7 GW8 GW9 GW10
Limit as
Near Near. Sudharshan Mamlendar The
PerIS
Sample Identification Mundhav Tithe Colony, Khacheri Hotel
10500:20
aGaontha Nagar Wakad Road Fountai
12
n n
1. pH --- 7.32 7.68 7.46 7.29 7.51 6.5-8.5
2. Conductivity µS/cm 410 289 314 402 558 -
3. Turbidity NTU <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 5
4. Color Hazen <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 15
Agreeab Agreeabl
5. Odor - Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable -
le e
Total Dissolved mg/L
6. 286 202 216 265 372 2000
Solid
Total Suspended mg/L
7. 3 2 2 2 3 -
Solid
8. Sulphate mg/L 15.5 22.5 29.5 31.5 40.5 400
9. Chloride mg/L 16.4 28.0 17.9 30.9 21.9 1000
10. Total Hardness mg/L 226 158 192 250 310 600
11. Calcium as Ca mg/L 17.8 23.1 27.9 31.9 38.7 200
12. Magnesium Mg mg/L 11.9 19.9 24.9 30.9 21.9 100
13. Alkalinity mg/L 185 163 110 125 140 600
14. Copper mg/L <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 1.5
15. Zinc mg/L <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 15
16. Iron mg/L <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 0.3
17. Lead mg/L <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 0.01
18. Nickel mg/L <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 0.02
19. Cadmium mg/L <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 0.003
Calcium Hardness mg/L
20. 152 113 128 154 200 -
as CaCO3
Magnesium mg/L
21. Hardness as 74 45 64 96 110 -
CaCO3
22. Phenol mg/L <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 0.002
23. Fluoride mg/L 0.60 0.56 0.70 0.8 0.56 1.5
24. Salinity mg/L 29.5 44.8 32.2 55.6 39.4 -
25. Pesticides P/A Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent
Page

28072018LELPBQ26Mula Mutha EIA Reportpart1

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ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT

MULA, MUTHA & MULA-MUTHA

Pune Municipal Corporation (PMC)

Design & Planning Consultant

GREEN CIRCLE, INC.

Green Empire,Above Axis Bank,Vadodara-390021 (Maharashtra)

GREEN CIRCLE, INC.

This is to certify that M/s. Green Circle, Inc. Vadodara has

For: Green Circle Inc.

Mr. Pradeep Joshi

Group President & CEO

QUALITY CONTROL SHEET

Rev. No.& Prepared & Reviewed Approved Validated

PJ: Pradeep Joshi DM: Dr. Deepika Mandal

Reviewed by Dr. DEEPIKA MANDAL VIKAS BHAGAT

Approved by PRADEEP JOSHI, GROUP PRESIDENT & CEO

Released by ANUSHREE JOSHI – CORPORATE VP

WE EXPRESS OUR SINCERE THANKS TO MANAGEMENT & EMPLOYEES OF PUNE

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ................................................................................................................................................13

CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................................22

1.1 INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................................................................... 22

CHAPTER 2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION ......................................................................................................................40

2.1 INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................................................................... 40

CHAPTER 3. DESCRIPTION OF ENVIRONMENT .....................................................................................................119

3.1. ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL SCREENING .................................................................................................................. 119

3.5. LAND USE .......................................................................................................................................................... 125

CHAPTER 4. ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENT & SOCIAL IMPACT AND MITIGATION ................................................187

4.1. INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................................................... 187

CHAPTER 5. ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES ...........................................................................................................205

5.1. INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................................................... 205

CHAPTER 6. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM ...................................................................................210

6.1. INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................................................... 210

CHAPTER 7. DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN .......................................................................................................216

7.1. INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................................................... 216

CHAPTER 8. PROJECT BENEFITS ...........................................................................................................................225

CHAPTER 9. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN..........................................................................................227

9.1. INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................................................... 227

CHAPTER 10. CONCLUSION ...................................................................................................................................243

CHAPTER 11. DISCLOSURE OF CONSULTANTS .......................................................................................................249

Figure 3.34 Map showing proposed interceptor sewer network 78

Figure 3.11 Map showing surface water sample locations 146

Annexure- I TOR Letter

Annexure – XI CGWB Brochure of Pune District

AAQ Ambient Air Quality

Existing Condition of the Study area along with its Potentials:

Objective of the Project

Project Title: Mula, Mutha & Mula-Mutha River Rejuvenation Project.

Location of the Project:

Environment Management Plan (EMP)

• As a part of EMP, it is compulsory for the Contractor to develop a comprehensive debris

Completion of construction activity- Restoration:

agencies involved in disaster management.

up during dry season with adequate flood mitigation measures.

1.2 Project Proponent

1.4 Aim of the project

1.5 Objectives of the Project

1.6 Purpose of the study

1.7 Project Location

Figure 1.1 Mula River

Figure 1.2 Mutha River

Figure 1.4Mula and Mutha River

Figure 1.3 Mula Mutha River

Mula , Mutha and Mula-Mutha River