1.

Describe briefly the science and technology behind: (5 points)

Genomics is a field in biology that studies genomes, which includes DNA.

Thus, Genomics focuses on the structure, order, function, the DNA
Genomics
sequence of genomes. One of the reasons why Genomics was made
possible was through the inventions of genetic engineering.
Biotechnology integrates biology and technology. It exploits living
organisms then modify it to fit for specific uses. Through the process of
Biotechnology genetic engineering, the genes from the DNA of a specie are inserted into
the genes of another specie results to genetically modifies organisms
(GMO).
Synthetic Biology utilizes the principles of engineering to biology. Its
Synthetic Biology objective is to construct or redesign biological components. Biological
components are designed to be useful.

2. In terms of: (15 points)

Impacts of Impacts of Synthetic

Impacts of Genomics
Biotechnology Biology
- Genomics may - Biotechnology - Synthetic Biology
increase the lifespan improves the field of considers the next
because a person may food and agriculture. It generation and aims to
identify his/her aims to reduce give solutions to
personal diseases when spoilage and pest to environmental
he/she is born. (Able to because of food problems such as
diagnose hereditary security. energy shortage
Quality of Life diseases) (biofuel), and diseases.

- Genomics develops - Biotechnology - It allows the

possible cure for considers the weather modification of food
cancer. that creates transgenic products based on past
crops (genetically customer reactions.
modified crops). (Alter to achieve)
Economics/ - Genomics impacts - Biotechnology limits - The international
Politics national economy costs and inputs, growth rate is
because of its which results to the increasing rapidly. In
application to technical increase of profit. the U.S., from 5.5B
developments and dollars, it is expected to
medical care. increase up to 40B
dollars in 2020.
- Because of identifying - It results to the
progress in a country
 personal risks earlier, because developed and - Synthetic Biology
the aggregate lifespan industrialized increases product
increases, which countries are market.
reduces government interested in
spending: health costs. biotechnology. - Since the field of
(Government spending Synthetic Biology is
is part of Gross still new, the
National Profit) government invests in
the research and
- Instead of taking development.
different tests, it is (Especially in the U.S.
reduced to a single and Australia)
analysis, which if
efficient and cost-
effective.
- Many countries are - “Catargena Protocol - Since Synthetic
part of the Global in Biosafety” – is an Biology is constantly
Alliance for Genomics international improving, it is prone to
and Health that creates agreement regarding trial and error: one risk
a framework for data the safe use of is that developed
sharing. (reduces the modified organisms, microbes might escape
invasion of personal which is a result of then propagate.
information) biotechnology.
Ethical Concerns (Genetic engineering)

- Institutes may obtain - Data can be easily

patents, to prevent shared through email:
farmers in Customized DNA
contaminating the sequence. (which may
field. (Contamination result harm)
affects food security)